2023届全国高考英语押题卷（四）含解析

这是一份2023届全国高考英语押题卷（四）含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，建议信，开放性作文，读后续写，用单词的适当形式完成句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届高考英语押题卷（四）
姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Jackie Chan was sick and tired of trying to cross over into American movies. The martial arts wonder and ex-Bruce Lee stuntman(特技替身演员) was a superstar in China, but his attempts at going Hollywood in films like Big Brawl (1980), The Cannonball Run (1981), and The Protector (1985) barely impressed American audiences. “Nobody knew who this little Chinese guy was that spoke no English,” Chan told Yahoo Entertainment during a recent Role Recall interview. “I was disappointed and thought, ‘No more American market.’”
In the late 1990s, his manager begged him to make one more go at it: There was this project called Rush Hour, in which Chan would play a Hong Kong police inspector who teams up with a wise-cracking LAPD detective (Chris Tucker) to rescue a Chinese politician’s kidnapped daughter. Chan agreed to do the 1998 action comedy directed by Brett Ratner in large part because it allowed him to speak in broken English.
After Chan wrapped Rush Hour, he told his manager he would never do another film like it again. “They don’t allow me to do my own style of action. The English, I’m not good. Chris Tucker’s English, I don’t understand.” Chan said.
He sat there dumbfounded(惊呆了的) as moviegoers laughed through the premiere(首映). “Why are they laughing? I just don’t understand,” he thought.
So Chan returned to Asia to work once again in his home region, when he got the call: Rush Hour was a massive hit. Released in Sept. 1998, it earned $141 million at the U.S. box office and $244 million worldwide.
It also leads to two sequels(续集)… and two more hits: 2001’s Rush Hour 2, Chan’s highest grossing(总收入) of all time ($226 million in the U.S., $347 million worldwide) and 2007’s Rush Hour 3 ($140 million in the U.S., $258 million worldwide).
“Slowly, slowly, they’ve brought me to Hollywood again,” Chan said. “Now slowly I’ve been understanding American culture. I’ll try to stay as long as possible.”
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A．Jackie Chan was very tired of speaking English.
B．Jackie Chan showed no interest in American movies.
C．Jackie Chan didn’t leave a deep impression on Americans.
D．Jackie Chan played an unimportant character in Hollywood films.
2．What part did Jackie Chan play in Rush Hour?
A．A policeman. B．A detective. C．A politician. D．A manager.
3．How did Jackie Chan feel when filming Rush Hour?
A．Satisfied. B．Upset. C．Energetic. D．Angry.
4．How did Jackie Chan know Rush Hour was a success?
A．Through a paper. B．On the Internet. C．On TV. D．Through a call.

As for old people, some of the applications are hard to use because they didn’t grow up with them. They don’t have simple models of how they should work, what to do when something doesn’t work or where to go for help. We make it as easy as possible to be used for people who are not familiar with the technology
I think there is huge potential（潜力） and we are designing it. The ability to connect with friends, who remember the same movies and news and music. is really important, especially as people get old. They end up in retirement homes and they aren’t always close to their friends. Allowing the network to help them connect with friends and family is a really powerful thing.
My mother is an enthusiastic user of the Internet although it took me years to get her to use e-mail. She was born with normal hearing but lost it when she was 3. She was totally deaf for many years, until age 53, when she go hearing aids. They work really well. That is a big change for her. But before then her friends couldn’t call her on the phone, so they insisted she use e-mail to communicate with them
Young people don’t even think of the Internet as technology. It’s just there, and they use it. There’s been a very interesting change in communication styles between old people and young people. There are some kids who are now in their teens and aren’t willing to make phone calls. And they think of e-mail as old-fashioned and slow
The reason why teens don’t make phone calls seems to be that they don’ t know what to say. When they call they often stop for a while. On the other hand, texting is considered proper, and it’s okay if you don’t answer. You might have been distracted. It’s not considered rude. But it is considered strange if you’re in this kind of voice conversation and simply stop talking.
5．What is the trouble that old people meet when surfing the Internet?
A．They don’t know how to use some applications.
B．They have to buy electronic products at a high price.
C．There is no professional teacher to teach them how to use the Internet.
D．They have no friend to communicate with online.
6．What do the young people think of the Internet according to the passage?
A．Interesting. B．Amazing.
C．Boring. D．Common.
7．We can infer from the passage that the author is a ______.
A．company manager B．program designer
C．college professor D．mobile phone seller

A Swiss company that developed technology to capture (捕获) carbon dioxide from the air says it has started the world’s largest plant to do so in Iceland.
The company is called Climeworks AG. It said the plant began operations on Wednesday. The system captures carbon dioxide, CO2, directly from the air and then deposits (沉淀) the gas underground.
Climeworks says the plant is designed to capture up to 3,600 metric tons of CO2 per year. That is the same amount of CO2 produced by about 790 automobiles during a year, Reuters news agency reported.
The International Energy Agency, IEA, estimates (估计) that this year, CO2 emissions (排放量) worldwide will rise 1.5 billion metric tons to a total of 33 billion metric tons.
Direct air capture is one of the few technologies that can remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere. Many scientists see the process as critical to limiting harmful pollutant emissions. Such emissions, which can trap heat in the atmosphere and create higher temperature, are caused mainly by human activities. Many scientists blame this warming for increased heatwaves, wildfires, floods and rising sea levels across the world.
The new plant is called Orca, based on the Icelandic word for energy, Orka. It uses eight large containers that look like those used in the shipping industry. A series of high-tech filters (过滤器) and blowers (鼓风机) attached to the containers capture CO2. The captured carbon is then mixed with water and pumped deep underground, where it slowly turns into rock.
Direct air capture is still a new and costly technology. But developers hope to bring down the price by increasing operations as more companies and individuals seek the technology. Currently, there are 15 direct air capture plants operating worldwide. The IEA estimates the plants capture more than 9,000 metric tons of CO2 per year.
The American oil company Occidental is currently developing the largest direct-air-capture center. It aims to pull 1 million metric tons of carbon dioxide from the air around some of its Texas oilfields.
8．What’s the main intention of the passage?
A．To introduce a Swiss company called Clineworks AG.
B．To show the links between Clineworks AG and Carbfix.
C．To tell us the largest factory capturing CO2 in the world is on.
D．To list the damages caused by the increasing amount of CO2.
9．What will the developers of the factory do next?
A．Cut down emissions caused by human activities.
B．Build up a new plant to capture CO2 in the US.
C．Cut down the price by increasing operations.
D．Help scientists limit the pollutant emissions.
10．Where is the passage probably from?
A．A diary. B．A collection of science fictions.
C．A travel guide. D．A newspaper.
11．What is Paragraph 6 mainly about?
A．How the name of the plant comes from.
B．How the plant processes(处理) the CO2.
C．How the plant was first built.
D．How the plant gets its power.

Becoming a Nature Lover through Citizen Science
Citizen Science is an education series featuring workshops on a variety of topics in a relaxed and inspiring environment. There is no registration fee; instead, each instructor suggests items or services they will accept in exchange for class participation.
Our volunteer instructors prepare based on how many people sign up, so please only sign up if you will actually attend.
Date & Time
Friday, May 4; 8:30 am-10:30 am
Class description
Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region. Just through being observant on a daily walk, you can submit meaningful data to scientists who will use your data to take meaningful conservation steps! We’ll show you how! It’s easy!
Suggested items in exchange for this class
*Baked snacks
*Homemade preserved foods
*Houseplants
*Nature art (draw me a picture?)
About the instructor
Kelsey Frey is the manager of education and outreach(外展服务) for York County Parks, part-time environmental educator for Lancaster County Parks, and runs her own business in her spare time. Kelsey’s passionate about many natural history topics, including butterflies, and landscaping with native plants.
12．Who are most likely to attend the class?
A．Data collectors. B．Cooking lovers.
C．Environmental protectors. D．Sports advocators.
13．What can be learnt from the text?
A．Kelsey Frey manages Lancaster Country Parks.
B．Citizen Science is a workshop with various topics.
C．Participants can take a PowerPoint tour to local regions.
D．Participants can exchange homemade cookies for the class.
14．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．An environmental paper. B．An education course
C．A teaching plan. D．An academic article.


二、七选五
A lot of teens in high school want to try out for sports. ___15___ While this may seem like a silly reason, there are lots of other advantages of sports that your child may fail to notice. Here are some reasons that you’ll find comforting.
With TV, movies, computers, and video games becoming more and more popular, it has become so much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used to hang out at the mall or drive around town. ___16___ Getting your teen into a sport gives them a chance to go out and socialize.
One of the biggest problems in our society today is obesity (肥胖症). ___17___ Joining a team sport will help your teen get out and get some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight.
You may think “but my teen isn’t good enough to make the school team”. ___18___ You can always check out the YMCA or other “for-fun” leagues. You could look into more obscure (鲜为人知的) sports that you may not have thought of. If you do a little research, you’re sure to find something your teen will enjoy.
Team sports are a great way for your teen to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship (奖学金) to college. ___19___
A．Now they just sit at home.
B．More and more kids are becoming overweight.
C．They will learn how to communicate as a team.
D．Did you know that bowling is an NCAA team sport?
E．Why not talk to them about getting into sports today?
F．Many try because they think it will make them popular.
G．There are many other places besides school to play team sports.


三、完形填空
Winning personality
The modern manager has to play the role of team coach, i.e. be good at asking questions. What ____20____ the individual players? What is the role of a manager's personality in inspiring team performance? Since every corporation is a potential minefield (雷区) of personality traits, he or she had better also have ____21____ skills.
Karl Moore, an associate professor at McGill University in Canada, has written two recent articles on the role of different personality types in business. One of the most common ____22____ is between introverts (内向者) and extroverts (外向者). Mr. Moore estimates that around 40% of the population are introverts, 40% are extroverts and 20% are "ambiverts" who can ____23____ both characteristics.
Extroverts are most likely to go far in business. They are, after all, good at ____24____ themselves. While an academic study found that extroverts were 25% more likely to ____25____ a high-earning job. It may also be said a high-earning job would make anyone more confident and outgoing. Yet, personality traits tend to develop early in life.
The study also found that the children of ____26____ families were more likely to be extrovert. It could simply be that children who grow up in more prosperous homes are less likely to face the kind of stressful events that ____27____ self-confidence. People with higher self-confidence may apply for more prestigious jobs and may be more likely to believe that their efforts will be rewarded; those with a negative self-image may feel it is not worth trying too hard.
But introverts are also ____28____ climbing the greasy pole. A study in 2017 found that introvert executives were more likely to _____29_____ the expectations of the Board than their bragging, uber-confident colleagues.
Mr. Moore thinks that successful executives have to become ambiverts in order to succeed. Introverts must show _____30_____ or make an occasional stirring speech, when the situation calls for it. And extroverts need to shut up and listen to their teams — not least because when the manager speaks first, the team members will be _____31_____ to disagree.
_____32_____, managers also need to think about the different personality types when conducting meetings. It is easy for meetings to be _____33_____ by extroverts, who have a tendency to speak the loudest and most often. Introverts may never _____34_____ the discussion.
Managers have to spend time chatting to, and observing their team members before deciding how best to get them motivated. Managers need to be less like Henry Ford, and more like Sigmund Freud.
20．A．helps B．satisfies C．drives D．requires
21．A．educational B．interpersonal C．navigational D．vocational
22．A．approaches B．divides C．figures D．symbols
23．A．illustrate B．predict C．explain D．display
24．A．selling B．reaching C．wrapping D．representing
25．A．beat B．choose C．spot D．land
26．A．well-off B．positive C．needy D．harmonious
27．A．confirm B．strengthen C．weaken D．train
28．A．expert in B．afraid of C．concerned about D．free from
29．A．get rid of B．hold firm to C．live up to D．fall short of
30．A．enthusiasm B．determination C．innovation D．perseverance
31．A．ready B．reasonable C．reluctant D．responsible
32．A．Briefly B．However C．Similarly D．Instead
33．A．engaged B．occupied C．spoiled D．dominated
34．A．dedicate to B．contribute to C．account for D．answer for


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Zhurong rover(火星车)has found evidence suggesting that water existed on Mars for much longer than expected.
Zhurong landed in a large plain on Mars on May 15,2021. Since then it has been exploring its landing site and sending information____35____ (constant) back to the Tianwen-1 orbiter circling the planet.
Data____36____ (collect) by the rover shows that the plain contained water during a time____37____ many experts believed Mars to be dry and cold.
“____38____came as a surprise to us researchers that at the landing site we found some minerals____39____ (indicate) water activities,” said Yang Liu, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences. “Previous observations didn’t uncover the signature of these minerals.”
The minerals are contained within bright-colored rocks and these rocks make up a hard surface. The surface can form when a substantial amount____40____water evaporates (蒸发) . The discovery of the hard surface suggests that the plain____41____ (have)active water circles millions of years ago.
The rover will carry out a____42____ (far) exploration in the plain in the following period of time____43____ (gain) more insights about the history of water in the region. The plain has been of interest to____44____ (scientist) because some guess the region once hosted an ocean.


五、建议信
45．假如你是省实验中学学生会主席李健，为响应近期我校“注重培养学生健康生活习惯”的号召，用下面给出的要点提示，给全校同学写一封倡议书。
1. 注意合理饮食：多吃新鲜蔬菜和水果，不要吃太多垃圾食品。
2. 适当参加体育锻炼；非必要不出门；戴口罩；不去人多的地方。
3. 注意休息，保证充足睡眠。
注意：
1. 字数100字左右
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
3. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯
Dear fellow students,
Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In short, let’s take action to improve our health.
Li Jian

六、开放性作文
46．北京冬奥会已经闭幕，来自世界各国的运动员和观众想参观中国的旅游胜地和名胜古迹。请你向他们介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹。
注意：词数100左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

七、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Eden, gold medalist of Harvard University, often had discussions on new advancements in surgery and in medical sciences with his beautiful colleague Emma, the second topper in heart surgery. Eden fell in love with Emma and asked her to marry him. After careful consideration, Emma agreed. One year after their marriage, a lovely baby was born. Eden was so much excited to have her in the arms wrapped in towel. The couple named her Katty. Katty brought lots of smile and happiness to their home.
It was Katty’s 5th Birthday. While playing outside with her friends, Katty fainted (晕倒). Eden and Emma rushed her to emergency. They came to know that it was not a normal case. Something serious. Katty was diagnosed (诊断) with cancer. Emma and Eden were heart-broken. They knew it was not curable. Medicines could only give 3 years. They started praying that maybe some miracles would take place and that some hew medicine should come by then.
They both started spending more and more quality time with Katty, both busy in completing every wish of Katty. Katty had just one complaint from both of them that they didn’t scold her whatever she did. At every birthday the couple cried and prayed. They didn’t know whether they would be able to celebrate her next birthday or not.
Angel, was a girl of Katty’s age. She was Emma’s patient. Emma started seeing Katty in Angel. Angel’s heart was damaged. Emma introduced Angel to Eden. Eden and Emma together wanted to save Katty and Angel. The couple gave up their sleep to read research papers, contact top universities and learn about advancements in medical sciences.
Katty was getting worse. Now she couldn’t go out. Her bed was her world. Angel’s condition was also similar, as her heart was growing bigger, she started having complication (并发症).
注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；
2.请按下面格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Just before Katty’s 8th birthday, she was admitted into ICU.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Two hours later, Emma called Angel’s parents to tell them they would have a surgery on Angel.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

八、用单词的适当形式完成句子
48．Government around the world have stressed the importance of handwriting, ________ should not just be done after people use the bathroom but also throughout the day. （用适当的词填空）

参考答案：
1．C    2．A    3．B    4．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了成龙在好莱坞由没有名气到票房成功的过程。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“but his attempts at going Hollywood in films like Big Brawl (1980), The Cannonball Run (1981), and The Protector (1985) barely impressed American audiences.(但他在Big Brawl (1980)，The Cannonball Run (1981)和The Protector (1985)等电影中试图进军好莱坞的尝试几乎没有给美国观众留下什么印象)”可知，一开始成龙并没有给美国观众留下什么印象，故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“There was this project called Rush Hour, in which Chan would play a Hong Kong police inspector who teams up with a wise-cracking LAPD detective (Chris Tucker) to rescue a Chinese politician’s kidnapped daughter.(有一部叫《尖峰时刻》的电影，成龙将在片中饰演一名香港警察，与一名Chris Tucker扮演的聪明伶俐的洛杉矶警察局警探合作，营救一名中国政客被绑架的女儿)”可知，成龙在《尖峰时刻》里扮演一名香港警察，故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“After Chan wrapped Rush Hour, he told his manager he would never do another film like it again. “They don’t allow me to do my own style of action. The English, I’m not good.(成龙拍完《尖峰时刻》后，他告诉经纪人他再也不会拍这样的电影了他们不允许我采取自己的动作方式。英语，我不好)”可知，成龙厌倦了并拒绝再拍此类电影。由此可知，成龙在拍摄《尖峰时刻》时是沮丧的。故选B项。
4．细节理解题。根据第五段中“So Chan returned to Asia to work once again in his home region, when he got the call: Rush Hour was a massive hit.(于是成龙回到亚洲，再次在他的家乡工作，当他接到电话：《尖峰时刻》是一个巨大的成功)”可知，成龙接了一个电话，才知道这部电影的票房在全球大爆。故选D项。
5．A    6．D    7．B

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。对于年长的人来说，一些新的科技对他们来说太复杂了而不能得到充分利用。但是与朋友进行联系是很必要的，于是作者为老年人专门涉及了一些应用程序。在本文中作者也对老年人和青少年对电话网络等的使用进行了比较。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As for old people, some of the applications are hard to use because they didn’t grow up with them. ”可知，老年人上网遇到的麻烦是他们不知道如何使用一些应用程序，A. They don’t know how to use some applications.（他们不知道如何使用一些应用程序）符合题意。故选A项。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Young people don’t even think of the Internet as technology. It’s just there, and they use it. ”（年轻人甚至不觉得网络是技术，它存在，他们使用）可知，年轻人认为网络是很平常的东西，D. Common.（常见的）符合以上推测。故选D项。
7．推理判断题。文章首段提到电脑的一些应用程序对老年人来说很复杂，第二段提出“I think there is huge potential and we are designing it. ”（我认为有巨大的潜能，我们正在设计它）可推断作者是一名程序设计师，故选B项。
8．C    9．C    10．D    11．B

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章提到一家瑞士公司开发了从空气中捕获二氧化碳的技术，该公司表示已经在冰岛建立了世界上最大的工厂。该技术对于科技发展，环保以及经济发展具有重要意义。
8．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“A Swiss company that developed technology to capture(捕获) carbon dioxide from the air says it has started the world’s largest plant to do so in Iceland.(一家瑞士公司开发了从空气中捕获二氧化碳的技术，该公司表示已经在冰岛建立了世界上最大的工厂。)”可知，文章主要介绍一家瑞士公司开发了从空气中捕获二氧化碳的技术并建立了工厂，本文的主要目的是告诉我们世界上最大的二氧化碳捕获工厂已经启动。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Direct air capture is still a new and costly technology. But developers hope to bring down the price by increasing operations as more companies and individuals seek the technology. (直接捕集空气仍然是一项昂贵的新技术。但随着越来越多的公司和个人寻求这项技术，开发人员希望通过增加运营来降低价格。)”可知，工厂的开发商下一步会通过增加操作来降低价格。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第一段“A Swiss company that developed technology to capture(捕获) carbon dioxide from the air says it has started the world’s largest plant to do so in Iceland.(一家瑞士公司开发了从空气中捕获二氧化碳的技术，该公司表示已经在冰岛建立了世界上最大的工厂。)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要报道一家瑞士公司开发了从空气中捕获二氧化碳的技术，文章还对此技术工作原理及其可带来的效果进行了说明，并且这项技术对于科技发展和环保都具有重要意义，这属于社会类新闻，由此可推知，这篇文章最有可能出自报纸，故选D。
11．主旨大意题。根据第六段“The new plant is called Orca, based on the Icelandic word for energy, Orka. It uses eight large containers that look like those used in the shipping industry. A series of high-tech filters(过滤器) and blowers(鼓风机) attached to the containers capture CO2. The captured carbon is then mixed with water and pumped deep underground, where it slowly turns into rock.(这种新植物被称为“Orca”，来源于冰岛语中“Orka”一词，意思是“能源”。它使用了8个大型集装箱，看起来像航运业使用的集装箱。容器上装有一系列高科技过滤器和鼓风机，可捕获二氧化碳。然后，捕获的碳与水混合，泵入地下深处，在那里慢慢变成岩石。)”可知，本段内容主要是关于植物如何处理二氧化碳。故选B。
12．C    13．D    14．B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Citizen Science这个教育课程。
12．推理判断题。根据Time部分的“Interested in studying nature, feeling more connected to your surroundings, helping the natural environment, but not sure where to start? Join us on a PowerPoint tour through the instructor’s favorite citizen science platforms that apply to our region.(对研究自然感兴趣，感觉与周围的环境更紧密相连，帮助自然环境，但不确定从哪里开始？加入我们的PowerPoint之旅，浏览讲师最喜欢的适用于我们地区的公民科学平台。)”可知，当地帮助自然环境人最有可能来上课。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据Suggested items in exchange for this class部分中“Homemade preserved foods(自制的保存食物)”可知，参与者可以提供自制饼干作为课程交换。故选D。
14．推理判断题。通读全文，本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是Citizen Science这个教育课程。故文章出自于一个教育课程。故选B。
15．F    16．A    17．B    18．G    19．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了团队运动对青少年有好处的原因。
15．根据上文“A lot of teens in high school want to try out for sports.（很多高中生都想参加体育运动）”可知，很多高中生都想参加体育运动。那他们这样做的原因是什么呢？F项“许多人尝试是因为他们认为这会让他们受欢迎”符合题意，且引出下文“While this may seem like a silly reason, there are lots of other advantages of sports that your child may fail to notice.（虽然这似乎是一个愚蠢的理由，但你的孩子可能没有注意到运动还有很多其他好处）”，下文的reason指代选项中的because they think it will make them popular.。故选F。
16．根据上文“Kids used to hang out at the mall or drive around town.（孩子们过去常在购物中心闲逛或开车在城里转转）”可知，此处陈述过去孩子们的消遣方式。由此推知，空处应陈述现在孩子们的消遣方式。A项“现在，他们就呆在家里”符合题意。故选A。
17．根据上文“One of the biggest problems in our society today is obesity (肥胖症). （当今社会最大的问题之一是肥胖）”和下文“Joining a team sport will help your teen get out and get some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight.（参加团队运动可以帮助你的孩子走出家门，得到一些锻炼，而不会感到有减肥的压力）”可知，上文提到肥胖问题，下文建议参加团队运动。由此可知，空处内容应与肥胖有关。B项“越来越多的孩子变得超重”符合题意，选项中的overweight呼应上文的obesity。故选B。
18．根据上文“You may think “but my teen isn’t good enough to make the school team”. （你可能会想，‘但我的孩子还不够好，不能加入校队。’）”和下文“You can always check out the YMCA or other “for-fun” leagues. You could look into more obscure (鲜为人知的) sports that you may not have thought of.（你可以随时查看YMCA或其他“娱乐”联盟。你可以看看更多你可能没有想到的、鲜为人知的活动）”可知，对于青少年来说，除了校队还有其他很多地方可以参加团队运动。G项“除了学校，还有很多其他地方可以进行团队运动”符合题意。故选G。
19．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Team sports are a great way for your teen to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship (奖学金) to college. （团队运动是孩子走出家门、搬家、交朋友甚至获得大学奖学金的好方法）”可知，团队运动有诸多好处，因此家长可以和孩子谈谈，鼓励他们加入团队运动。E项“为什么不今天就跟他们谈谈参加体育运动呢?”符合题意，承接上文。故选E。
【点睛】

20．C    21．C    22．B    23．D    24．A    25．D    26．A    27．C    28．A    29．C    30．A    31．C    32．C    33．D    34．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述不同性格类型的人在商业中的不同表现。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：个体玩家的驱动力是什么？A. helps帮助；B. satisfies使满意；C. drives驱动；D. require要求。根据下文“What is the role of a manager's personality in inspiring team performance?(管理者的个性在激励团队绩效方面扮演着怎样的角色)”可知，管理者的作用时鼓励运动员。故选C。
21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为每一个公司都是人格特质的潜在雷区,他或她最好也有导航能力。A. educational教育性的；B. interpersonal人际的；C. navigational引导性的；D. vocational职业性的。根据“also have ____2____ skills(也有……能力)”可知，这个能力与教练能力一致的，即引导激励队员的能力。故选C。
22．考查动词A词义辨析。句意：其中最常见的一种划分是内向者和外向者。A. approaches接近；B. divides划分；C. figures计算出；D. symbols象征。根据“Karl Moore, has written two recent articles on the role of different personality types in business.(卡尔摩尔最近写了两篇关于不同性格类型在商业中的作用的文章)”可知，下文讲述的是不同的性格，因此词设空处其中的一个分支。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：摩尔估计，大约40%的人是内向者，40%的人是外向者，20%的人是“中间性格者”，他们可以同时表现出这两种性格。A. illustrate阐明示；B. predict预测；C. explain解释；D. display展示。根据“Mr. Moore estimates that around 40% of the population are introverts, 40% are extroverts and 20% are “ambiverts” who can ____4____ both characteristics.(摩尔估计，大约40%的人是内向者，40%的人是外向者，20%的人是中间性格者，他们可以同时表现出这两种性格)”可知，剩余20%的人会表现出两种性格特指。故选D。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，他们善于推销自己。A. selling推销；B. reaching到达；C. wrapping包装；D. representing代表。根据“Extroverts are most likely to go far in business.(性格外向的人在商业上最有可能走得更远)”可知，性格外向与商业推销有关。故选A。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而一项学术研究发现，性格外向的人获得高收入工作的可能性要高出25%。A. beat打败；B. choose选择；C. spot看到；D. land登陆。根据“Extroverts are most likely to go far in business.(性格外向的人在商业上最有可能走得更远)”可知，外向的人更能找到好的工作。故选D。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究还发现，富裕家庭的孩子更有可能是外向的。A. well-off富裕的；B. positive积极的；C. needy贫困的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据下文“It could simply be that children who grow up in more prosperous homes are less likely to face the kind of stressful events(这可能只是因为在更富裕的家庭长大的孩子不太可能面临这类压力事件)”可知，此处在解释上句，描述的是富裕家庭的孩子性格形成。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能只是因为在富裕家庭长大的孩子不太可能面临削弱自信心的压力事件。A. confirm确定；B. strengthen加强；C. weaken减弱；D. train训练。根据“the kind of stressful events that ____8____ self-confidence.可知，that引导定语从句，限定修饰stressful(压力事件)，压力事件会降低人的自信心。故选C。
28．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但内向的人也善于攀高枝。A. expert in精通；B. afraid of害怕；C. concerned about关心；D. free from免于。根据“But introverts are also ____9___ climbing the greasy pole.”中的also可知，此处与上文外乡人的优势是并列关系。故选A。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：2017年的一项研究发现，与夸夸其谈、超级自信的同事相比，内向的高管更有可能达到董事会的期望。A. get rid of摆脱；B. hold firm to坚持；C. live up to不辜负；D. fall short of达不到。根据“A study in 2017 found that introvert executives were more likely to ____10____ the expectations of the Board than their bragging, uber-confident colleagues.(2017年的一项研究发现，与夸夸其谈、超级自信的同事相比，内向的高管更有可能达到董事会的期望)”可知，“夸夸其谈以及超级自信”在这里是缺点，所以这里内向的应表现更好的特质。故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：内向的人必须表现出热情，或者在需要的时候，偶尔做一个激动人心的演讲。A. enthusiasm热情；B. determination决心；C. innovation创新；D. perseverance毅力。根据“Introverts must show ____11____ or make an occasional stirring speech(内向的人必须表现出热情，或者在需要的时候，偶尔做一个激动人心的演讲)”可知，or前后的名词是并列关系，即与stirring speech(激动人心的演讲)并列。故选A。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：外向的人需要闭上嘴，倾听团队的声音——尤其是因为当经理先发言时，团队成员将不愿意反对。A. ready准备好的；B. reasonable合情合理的；C. reluctant不情愿的；D. responsible负责的。根据“And extroverts need to shut up and listen to their teams(外向的人需要闭上嘴，倾听团队的声音)”可知，外乡人的不愿表达反对意见。故选C。
32．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样，管理者在开会时也需要考虑不同的性格类型。A. Briefly简短地；B. However然而；C. Similarly相似地；D. Instead相反。根据“___13____ managers also need to think about the different personality types(管理者在开会时也需要考虑不同的性格类型)”中also可知，上下文是并列关系。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在会议上，外向的人很容易占主导地位，他们倾向于说话最大声、最频繁。A. engaged参与；B. occupied占据；C. spoiled破坏；D. dominated主导。根据“who have a tendency to speak the loudest and most often.(话声音最大，频率最高)”可知，外向的人更能影响别人。故选D。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：内向的人可能永远不会参与讨论。A. dedicate to致力于；B. contribute to对……做贡献；C. account for由于；D. answer for对……负责。根据“It is easy for meetings to be ____14____  by extroverts, who have a tendency to speak the loudest and most often.(在会议上，外向的人很容易占主导地位，他们倾向于说话最大声、最频繁)”可知，外向的人愿意输出观点，内向的人与之相反。故选B。

35．constantly    36．collected    37．when    38．It    39．indicating    40．of    41．had    42．further    43．to gain    44．scientists

【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国祝融号火星车发现的证据表明火星上存在水的时间比预期的要长。
35．考查副词。句意：此后，祝融号一直在探索其着陆地点，并不断向环绕地球的天文一号轨道飞行器发送信息。分析句子结构可知，空处需要副词修饰动词。故填constantly。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：火星车收集的数据显示，在许多专家认为火星干燥寒冷的时候，平原上有水。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作定语，和修饰的名词data之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填collected。
37．考查定语从句。句意：火星车收集的数据显示，在许多专家认为火星干燥寒冷的时候，平原上有水。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故填when。
38．考查形式主语。句意：中国科学院研究员杨柳说：“我们的研究人员惊讶地发现，在着陆点发现了一些表明水活动的矿物质。”分析句子结构可知，空处为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的that从句。故填It。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国科学院研究员杨柳说：“我们的研究人员惊讶地发现，在着陆点发现了一些表明水活动的矿物质。”分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词，和宾语之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填indicating。
40．考查固定短语。句意：当大量的水蒸发时，表面就会形成。an amount of“大量的”，是固定短语。故填of。
41．考查时态。句意：坚硬地表的发现表明，数百万年前，该平原曾有活跃的水循环。分析句子结构可知，空处为宾语从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语 millions of years ago可知，句子为一般过去时态。故填had。
42．考查形容词的比较级。句意：火星车将在接下来的一段时间内对平原进行进一步的探索，以获得有关该地区水历史的更多见解。根据句意可知，火星车将在接下来的一段时间内对平原进行进一步的探索，所以空处需要形容词的比较级further“更进一步的”。故填further。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：火星车将在接下来的一段时间内对平原进行进一步的探索，以获得有关该地区水历史的更多见解。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作目的状语，所以用动词不定式。故填to gain。
44．考查可数名词单复数。句意：科学家们一直对平原感兴趣，因为一些人猜测该地区曾经拥有海洋。根据句意可知，不止一个科学家对此感兴趣，所以空处需要名词的复数形式。故填scientists。
45．Dear fellow students,
     Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life. I think we should take measures to improve the present situation of our health.As we all know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, all of which can protect us against diseases. We should not take in too much junk food or too many sweets. Additionally, physical exercise is needed instead of studying all the time. What’s more, having enough sleep is of great benefit . Therefore, I sincerely suggest that we should have at least eight hours of sleep every day and get rid of the habit of staying up too late. Only in this way can we keep fit.
      In short, let’s take action to improve our health.

                                                                      Li Jian
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为响应近期学校“注重培养学生健康生活习惯”的号召给全校同学写一封倡议书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
采取措施：take measures→take steps/ take action
此外：additionally/ What ’s more→in addition/ furthermore/ besides/ moreover
有很大的好处：be very beneficial→be of great benefit
保持健康：keep fit→keep healthy/ keep in good health/ stay healthy
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句： Our school is aiming to call on us students to live a healthy life. I think we should take measures to improve the present situation of our health.
拓展句：To live a healthy life, our school is aiming to call on us students to take measures to improve the present situation of our health.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As we all know, we teenagers grow very fast, so we need plenty of nutritious foods, such as fish, beans, fresh fruits and vegetables, all of which can protect us against diseases. (运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Only in this way can we keep fit. (运用了部分倒装句式)
46．     Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction. It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China. Millions of people from different parts of the world come to Beijing. They come here to taste the famous food—Beijing Roast Duck and visit the places of interest.
There are many places of interest. Take a bus, and you can get to the Great Wall, the Ming Tombs and the Tian’anmen Square. From them you can learn a lot about Chinese history. Of course, you can also visit the museums such as Museum of Chinese History, Beijing Museum of Natural History.
If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向参加完北京冬奥会的来自世界各国的运动员和观众，介绍一处最具代表性的旅游胜地或名胜古迹以便其参观。
【详解】1.词汇积累
位于：lie in→be located in
参观：visit→pay a visit to
到达：get to→reach
想要做某事：want to do sth.→feel like doing sth.
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：It is a modern city with a long history. It lies in the north of China.
拓展句：Beijing is a modern city with a long history, which lies in the north of China.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Beijing is the capital of China, which is a famous tourist attraction.  (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】If you want to learn more about China, welcome to Beijing. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
47．Just before Katty’s 8th birthday, she was admitted into ICU. Tears in eyes, Emma told Eden, “I can’t save Katty. I hate myself. “Eden hugged her, saying, “Emma, I thought about something, but I don’t know how to tell you. Can we make an experiment? Angel’s heart condition is very bad. She needs heart transplant. You understand what I am saying. If we can transplant Katty’s heart to Angel, our daughter’s heart will still be beating.” Emma cried and said, “I need to be alone for some time...”
Two hours later, Emma called Angel’s parents to tell them they would have a surgery on Angel. Angel’s parents told Dr. Emma that they didn’t have the fees. Emma said, “Don’t worry for money. It will not cost you anything.” Angel was made ready for the operation. Emma took one long and last breath. After 18 hours of surgery, Katty’s heart was beating in Angel’s body. This was a very successful surgery. Seeing their daughter’s heart was beating, Emma and Eden felt relieved. Whenever they met Angel, they could feel the rhythm of Katty’s heart.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个感人的故事。两位医生同事Eden和Emma因工作结缘，相爱，结婚然后生了一个可爱的女儿Katty。但是在Katty五岁生日的时候诊断出癌症，且不知道能不能活多久，夫妻俩很难过，一直想救治女儿。在此过程中Emma发现自己有一个病人小姑娘Angel需要心脏移植，才能活下去。于是，在8岁之后，女儿病情恶化之后，他们决定帮助病情同意在恶化的Angel，将女儿的心脏移植给了并为其承担医药费。此后，每看到Angel时，他们都能感觉到Katty的心脏在继续跳动。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“就在Katty 8岁生日前，她住进了ICU。”可知，第一段可描写夫妻俩对面病情恶化的女儿悲伤的心情，以及如何想办法救治她，处理这件事情。
②由第二段首句内容“两个小时后，Emma给Angel的父母打电话，告诉他们要给Angel做手术。”可知，第二段可描写医生夫妇决定把女儿的心脏移植给Angel，手术事宜及结果。
2.续写线索：医生夫妇和女儿开心地生活——女儿诊断出癌症——治疗——发现另一个需要移植心脏的小病人————病情恶化————把女儿的心脏移植给小病人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.考虑：thought about/considered
②.做实验：make an experiment/conduct an experiment
情绪类
①.感到宽慰的：felt relieved/felt a sense of relief
②.担心：worry about/be anxious about/be concerned about
【点睛】[高分句型1]. You understand what I am saying.（由连接代词what引导的宾语从句作understand的宾语）
[高分句型2]. Whenever they met Angel, they could feel the rhythm of Katty’s heart.（由连词whenever引导时间状语从句）
48．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：世界各国政府都在强调书写的重要性，不仅要在上完厕所后书写，还要在一整天中书写。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词handwriting，从句缺少主语，指物，故填which。