2023届山西省九师联盟高三下学期第二次模拟调研测试英语试卷含解析

这是一份2023届山西省九师联盟高三下学期第二次模拟调研测试英语试卷含解析，共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届山西省九师联盟高三下学期第二次模拟调研测试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C.
1. Who has to study?
A. Stephen. B. Selina. C. Sue.
2. How many members are there in Tom’s group now?
A. Three. B. Five. C. Eight.
3. What is the woman most probably?
A. A scientist. B. A soldier. C. A doctor.
4. What are the speakers mainly complaining about?
A. The hot weather. B. Long working hours. C. The fan in the room.
5. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient, C. Aunt and nephew.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man unsatisfied with?
A. The actors. B. The special effects. C. The scenery.
7. What will the woman probably do next weekend?
A. See a movie. B. Study a volcano. C. Go boating.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When will the man return?
A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday.
9. Where will the woman go?
A. A mountain. B. The countryside. C. A farm.
10. What does the woman say about riding a motorcycle?
A. It’s relaxing. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s dangerous.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man reading?
A. A detective story. B. A historical novel. C. A textbook.
12. What does the man think of the textbooks?
A. Boring. B. Accurate. C. Easy.
13. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the weather like in London in the winter?
A. Warm and sunny. B. Cold and rainy. C. Windy and dry.
15. How does the woman usually go to work?
A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By underground.
16. What is the woman doing in London?
A. Travelling. B. Studying. C. Working.
17. Where did the woman celebrate her birthday last Saturday?
A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. At home.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How many essay questions are there in the exam?
A. 3. B. 10. C. 15.
19. When will the exam be held?
A. Next Monday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Friday.
20. What should the students provide if they want to take the makeup exam?
A. A doctor’s note. B. Their parents’ approval. C. A letter from the teacher.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
NPR’s Student Podcast (播客) Challenge is back—for a fifth year! This year’s competition will open for entries on January 6, 2023 and close on April 28.
As in past years, our judges will choose winners in two categories: grades five through eight and grades nine through twelve. Entries must be submitted by an educator or a student leader who’s 18 years old or older. Another important rule is that the maximum length of your podcast is within eight minutes, and longer entries will be disqualified.
Our judges will use the following criteria to narrow down and choose the winners:
Information and structure, 40 percent
Does the podcast tell a good story or teach us something new and important? Is it structured in a way that keeps listeners engaged? Can we easily follow the story you’re telling or the information you’re explaining? Have you spent time cutting out unnecessary information to make sure the main ideas come through clearly?
Personality and creativity, 40 percent
Does it have personality, or does it sound like you’re reading from a script (脚本)? Does it make us laugh or cry or leave us deep in thought?
Production, 20 percent
We’re not judging you on how fancy your equipment is and we don’t expect you to be an expert on recording and editing sound, but we hope you’ll try.
Some podcasts may use a narration (讲述) format. Others may be more of an interview format. If you use sound apart from interviews and narration, make sure it is clear and smooth.
21. What is the deadline for handing in your podcast?
A. January 6. B. February 18. C. March 26. D. April 28.
22. Who are qualified to submit the podcast to the competition?
A. All monitors. B. Any student. C. Teachers. D. Parents.
23. What is a requirement for the entries?
A. They should be more than eight minutes. B. They must be well structured and edited.
C. They have to adopt an interview format. D. They must be produced with special sound effects.
B
On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.
“By the time we closed on the 20th, we had received 500 human-written stories and 700 AI-written ones,” said editor-in-chief Neil Clarke. “It was increasing at such a speed that we figured that by the end of the month, we would have doubled the number of articles we normally have. The rate had been growing from previous months, and we were concerned that we had to do something to stop it.”
Worries about AI misuse have frequently appeared in headlines recently, particularly since the launch of ChatGPT in November, 2022, which can not only answer a broad range of questions, but also create original poems and stories.
Clarke said magazines like his, which pay contributors for their work, were being targeted by people trying to make quick money. He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles. He also admitted that the humor of his sci-fi magazine being targeted by AI robots is not lost on him.
“You know, our mascot (吉祥物) is a robot. So we see the irony,” he said. “But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people. We don’t celebrate technology just because it exists. We want to make sure that we’re using it right. And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.
Clarke said the magazine didn’t know how to deal with the issue, and part of the motivation to speak out was in the hope of finding some solutions. He also said the quality of the AI-written stories was very poor.
24. What’s the matter with the magazine Clarkesworld?
A It will close down forever. B. It was targeted by AI writers.
C. It stopped paying contributors. D. It has lost many good authors.
25. What can we infer about other magazines’ attitude to the AI-written stories?
A. Disapproving. B. Favorable. C. Unknown. D. Tolerant.
26. What does Neil Clarke say about science fiction?
A. It often intends to find some solutions. B. It welcomes the existing new technologies.
C It will accept AI-written stories in the near future. D. It often tries to warn the dark side of technologies.
27. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A notice. B. A science fiction. C. A news report. D. A book review.
C
The new Webb telescope has discovered what appear to be galaxies (星系) that date back to within 600 million years of the Big Bang. The six newly discovered objects suggest that the early universe may have been developing unexpectedly fast to produce these huge galaxies.
While the new telescope has spotted even older galaxies, dating to within 300 million years of the beginning of the universe, it’s the size of these six galaxies that shock the researchers.
“Most galaxies in this era are still small and only gradually growing larger over time,” lead researcher Ivo Labbe of Australia’s Swinburne University of Technology said. “But these six galaxies are fast-tracking to maturity. Why this is the case or how this works is unknown.”
According to the report, which was published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, each of the six objects weighs billions of times more than our sun. In one of them, the total weight of all its stars may be as much as 100 billion times greater than our sun.
The Pennsylvania State University’s Joel Leja, who also took part in the study, said, “What we found is so unexpected that it actually creates problems for science and it might call the whole picture of early galaxy formation into question.”
These galaxy observations were among the first set of data from the $10 billion Webb telescope, which was just launched over a year ago. Unlike Hubble, the bigger and more powerful Webb can see through clouds of dust with its infrared (红外的) vision and discover galaxies previously undetected. Scientists hope to eventually observe the first stars and galaxies formed following the creation of the universe 13.8 billion years ago.
The researchers are still waiting for official confirmation. “It’s possible that a few of the objects might not be galaxies, but black holes. One early lesson from Webb is to let go of our expectations and be ready to be surprised,” Labbe said. “Next year it will tell us.”
28. What is special about the six newly detected objects?
A. Their age. B. Their color. C. Their size. D. Their shape.
29. What do the underlined words “fast-tracking to maturity” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Turning quickly. B. Circling smoothly. C. Travelling fast. D. Growing rapidly.
30. What can we learn about the two telescopes?
A. Hubble can see further than Webb. B. Webb is more powerful than Hubble.
C. Webb is much cheaper than Hubble. D. Hubble is relatively bigger than Webb.
31. What does Ivo Labbe mean in the last paragraph?
A. The data might not be complete. B. The researchers will be disappointed.
C. He does not agree with Joel Leja. D. The new Webb telescope is unreliable.
D
During the industrial age, when high school was key to the American dream, public-school systems covered the costs of earning a diploma. Today, however, ns college degrees have replaced high-school diplomas as the ticket into the middle class, families are forced to cover the costs of higher education and more. If the information-age economy demands a workforce with higher education, the US government needs to make the same deal with students and their families: Anyone willing to work hard and earn the degree should be able to attend college—for free.
With that basic bargain in mind, Michigan has lately joined Oregon, Rhode Island and Tennessee in experimenting with ways to make community college free. Under the terms of the Chicago Star Scholarship, a program that has already enrolled more than 6,000 students, if a student at a public high school in Michigan maintains a B average, the state will provide a free degree at a local community college. Then, through another program Chicago Star Plus, students who have scored 3.0 GPA are qualified to receive a tuition discount at 18 of the four-year colleges located in Michigan.
Chicago Star Scholarship and Chicago Star Plus are already changing young lives. Its high-school graduation rate grew from 56.9 percent in 2011 to 78.2 percent in 2022. And Chicago Star Plus’ college attending rate is 86 percent, well above the national average of 62.7 percent.
More than a century ago, America achieved an explosion of social mobility by creating a supportive public school system that runs to 12th grade. By adding community colleges to the nation’s public-school systems and educational requirements, we can strengthen the belief in the American dream again.
32. What does the author suggest the US government do today?
A. Cancel all college students’ debts.
B. Reduce the costs for the middle class.
C. Provide free higher education for qualified students.
D. Help poor families to cover the fees of higher education.
33. Who can receive the Chicago Star Scholarship?
A. Any student who has achieved 3.0 GPA.
B. All public high school students in Michigan.
C. All students admitted into the 18 four-year colleges.
D. Any Michigan public high schooler who maintains a B average.
34. What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A. The significance of the programs in Michigan. B. The high dropout rate in the US colleges.
C. The potential costs of Chicago Star Plus. D. The popularization of higher education in the US.
35. How is the text mainly developed?
A. By analyzing data. B. By listing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By conducting surveys.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to Jaime Roberts, good consulting is often about loosening the body, opening the mind and, more often than not, keeping the mouth shut.
Your body language matters
Jaime Roberts has been one of my go to experts for advice for decades. When I once asked her why she was so good at consulting, she was quick to mention her body language. “ 36 ,” she said, “Otherwise, they might not open up to me as much as I would want them to.”
You don’t have to fix the problem
That’s another thing Jaime Roberts has learned on the job, “People who ask ‘What should I do?’ often want to process a problem themselves. 37 ,” she said. “Part of the trick is remembering that listening is the best thing you have to do, in most cases.”
You don’t need to give advice right now
Texts and FaceTime might be immediate, but your advice doesn’t have to be. 38 . “Forcing yourself to give advice when you can’t will do more harm than good,” she said.
39
You’re bound to hear about problems you haven’t experienced firsthand. That’s why Jaime Roberts says you should let them know that you’re just human beings with limited experience. 40 .
A. Don’t say their choices are wrong
B. You cannot give advice as giving someone an order
C. I try to appear relaxed and avoid looks of shock or judgment
D. You don’t need to have the same problem to be a good consultant
E. But you should let them know you will do your best to understand them
F. You’re a good consultant if you can help them fix the problem on their own
G. You can politely explain to them that you will talk to them when you’re ready
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Sujata Halarnkar would like to eat fish curry (咖喱) every day. It’s a very 41 curry with the basic ingredients (原料), nothing very fancy. However, it’s a recipe passed down from her 42 who is still living in Mumbai, India.
Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but she 43 in Mumbai, and her grandparents lived in a(n) 44 coastal village. Her mother would send her to her grandparents’ home for 45 . There, her grandma would cook this curry for her.
“They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week. That is one of the 46 memories I had about my childhood,” Halarnkar said. “We had a pretty and peaceful beach to ourselves and we would 47 fish from the sea every morning.”
48 later, fish curry is still the comfort food to Halarnkar, who said her family always cooks it when they 49 at weekends in the US.
“We’ll go out to the fish market, buy fresh 50 and make this curry,” she said. “We don’t even worry about vegetables. We just eat some steamed rice and this fish curry.”
Halarnkar has passed on the 51 to her daughter Natasha, who lives in San Diego and shares Halarnkar’s love of cooking. And even though the next 52 has the recipe, Halarnkar said she still 53 the curry her grandma made in India. In fact, she’s looking forward to having it next time she goes to 54 her.
“I’m 100% sure that she is going to make it for me when I 55 there,” Halarnkar said.
41. A. expensive B. extraordinary C. new D. traditional
42. A. grandmother B. husband C. aunt D. neighbor
43. A. passed away B. settled down C. grew up D. cried out
44. A. dangerous B. nearby C. busy D. ugly
45. A. parties B. schools C. weekends D. gifts
46. A. saddest B. hardest C. strangest D. best
47. A. see B. catch C. raise D. save
48. A. Days B. Weeks C. Months D. Decades
49. A. work B. play C. hunt D. gather
50. A. chicken B. fish C. meat D. milk
51. A. recipe B. talent C. house D. thought
52. A. store B. village C. generation D. guest
53. A. avoids B. invents C. hides D. prefers
54. A. pay B. hug C. visit D. treat
55. A arrive B. leave C. move D. marry
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has planted millions of trees in its northwest over the past two decades as part of its 56 (amaze) fight against the expanding deserts.
The effort has paid off. Around 2000, deserts across the country were still increasing by 10,400m2 a year. But in 2017, they were decreasing by more than 2,400m2 a year. The 57 (achieve) was confirmed by a study from the Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Sciences in Paris.
“In 1999, the Chinese government began planting millions of trees in its Grain for Green Program. It 58 (carry) out to repair damaged farmland in northwestern China, 59 is roughly the size of France,” says Philippe Ciais, a researcher at the laboratory. “I was there a few months ago, and it is indeed surprising that once bare landscapes are now almost fully covered by plants.”
“The growth of forests is significant 60 necessary progress in the fight against desertification,” says Jianping Huang, a researcher at Lanzhou University. “But it’s still too early to determine whether it has solved the problem. Researchers have found that many of the plant species 61 (introduce) to the region use more water 62 native vegetation. It could lead to water shortages for humans.”
The national forestry department has recognized the error. In recent years, it has worked more closely with researchers and communities to find ways to plant less 63 (thirst) plants that have economic value.
“All 64 (program) need to take into account local conditions,” the forestry department said in March “ 65 (we) efforts should go towards keeping vegetation sustainable, rather than simply planting more trees.”
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华。你的外国笔友Tom对你班开展的课外活动（extracurricular activities）非常感兴趣，希望你介绍这方面的有关情况。请你给他回封邮件，内容包括：
1. 课外活动介绍；
2. 你最喜欢的活动；
3. 喜欢的原因。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
After filling out sixty applications, going through three interviews, and winning just one offer, I took what I could get: to teach in a remote area in western New Jersey. I kept reminding myself that I could do what I had always dreamed of doing since I was fourteen: teaching English.
At the school, I worked very hard, only taking time off to eat and sleep. I got along very well with my students who were only seven or eight years younger than me.
But I had a problem long before I knew it. I was struggling in my work as a young idealistic teacher. I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love for the written words, while the students preferred to throw paper planes and whisper dirty words in the back of the room.
In college, I had been taught that a successful educator should ignore students’ bad behavior. So I did, feeling confident that, as the textbooks had said, the bad behavior would disappear as I gave my students positive attention. It sounded reasonable, but the textbooks evidently ignored the fact that humans, particularly teenagers, rarely seem reasonable.
By the time the principal, who was always ready to fire bad teachers, came into the classroom to observe my class, the students exhibited very little good behavior. After he settled down in the back of the room, the boys in the class were still making animal noises, hitting each other and the girls filed (修剪) their nails or read magazines.
I just pretended nothing wrong was happening. I went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions. The principal seemed to be growing more and more annoyed. After twenty minutes, he left, silently. Visions of unemployment marched before my eyes. I only felt mildly comforted that I powered through the rest of the class without crying.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After class, I was asked to see him. ______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
I made up my mind to make a change. ___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
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高三英语参考答案
听力部分录音稿
(Text 1)
W: Stephen won’t go to the party because he has to work.
M: Selina has to study and Sue has caught a bad cold, so they won’t go, either.
(Text 2)
W: Tom, I heard you guys study by groups. How big is your study group?
M: Well, there were eight of us to begin with. Then three students left.
(Text 3)
M: Hi, Jane. You’ve just been to the earthquake area, haven’t you?
W: Yes. As a volunteer of the Red Cross, I went there with a medical team.
(Text 4)
M: It’s so hot today. I simply can’t work. I wish there were a fan in this room.
W: So do I. I’ll fall asleep if I stay here any longer.
(Text 5)
M: Can you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening, Aunt Amy?
W: I’d like to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I will still be at work at 8:00pm. I will be operating on a patient then.
(Text 6)
W: What’s that new movie like? Is it a drama?
M: Kind of. This volcano suddenly comes up out of the ocean in San Francisco, so this family is trying to get away from it. It’s a good story, though. What I like most is the scenery. It’s pretty scary and very realistic.
W: Are the special effects any good?
M: They’re great!
W: Does it have any famous actors in it?
M: Not really. They really should have had better actors. The two stars are just so-so. But the music is great.
W: I think I should go and see it next weekend.
(Text 7)
W: What are you doing this weekend?
M: I’m going to ride my motorcycle to the mountains with my friends. I’ll be a short trip. We’ll start on Saturday morning and be back on Sunday night. How about you?
W: I’m going camping with my parents. We will go to the countryside.
M: You should go with me. Riding a motorcycle is more exciting than camping. And you can enjoy the sunrise at the top of the mountain.
W: Maybe, but I’ve ridden a motorcycle once and I think it’s too dangerous. I’d like to relax and it’s so peaceful in the countryside. We will sit by the river, sing songs and look at the stars.
M: You are right. Different people have different hobbies. Enjoy yourself!
(Text 8)
W: What are you reading this time, Mason?
M: It’s called Percy Jackson and the Olympians.
W: Oh, yes. Many kids are coming in requesting it. What is it about?
M: It’s about a boy my age who discovers he is the son of a Greek god. He then goes on a journey to recover something that is stolen from a powerful god.
W: Ancient Greek history is interesting, isn’t it?
M: Yes, I love it. And it’s a lot better than reading those boring textbooks in school.
W: You may be right. However, the information in textbooks is much more accurate.
M: I know. This is just more exciting, and I can relate to the main characters.
W: It sounds like you would like historical fiction. It’s a bit above your current reading level now, though.
M: Mrs. Lang? Can I take this home with me?
W: Certainly. Just write your name down, along with the date you check it out. It’s due back in one week.
M: I’ll finish it before that!
(Text 9)
M: Hi, long time no see. Are you accustomed to the life here in London?
W: Yes, but the weather is different here.
M: Do you like it more here?
W: Well, London can be warm and sunny in the summer. But in the winter it can be very cold and rainy.
M: How do you travel to work?
W: Usually I go by underground, because it’s quicker than bus or taxi. But the tickets are more expensive than in Athens.
M: Is life in London expensive?
W: Well, supermarkets aren’t, but restaurants are very expensive. English people don’t eat in restaurants as much as Greeks.
M: Are English people very different from Greek people?
W: Yes, in some ways.
M: How about the people here at work?
W: Those I work with are very nice, and I’ve got some good friends here in London. We often go out together.
M: Where?
W: Sometimes we go to a bar for a drink. And last Saturday it was my birthday.
M: Oh! Happy birthday for last Saturday!
W: Thank you. We went to an Italian restaurant. It was lovely!
(Text 10)
W: Good afternoon. Today, I will be giving you the study guide for your coming exam. Although it will cover all 15 chapters of our textbook, you will only be tested on what I give you today. So, if you pay close attention, the exam should be pretty straightforward. As I said last Friday, there will be a total of 10 essay questions. You will need to use a minimum of three concepts you have learned from each chapter in responding to each of the questions. I will provide extra credit questions at the end of the exam.
If you have any questions after class, come to see me at my office. I will be available for the rest of this week and the beginning of next week. The exam will be next Wednesday. Anyone who needs to make up the exam may do so on the following Monday. However, you must be able to provide a doctor’s note or a written letter from your parents explaining your situation in order to take the makeup exam. There will be no exceptions. Any questions?
参考答案
1~5 BBCAC 6~10 AACBC 11~15 BAABC 16~20 CABBA
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了NPR学生播客大赛的参赛要求。
21. D 细节理解题。根据第一段“This year’s competition will open for entries on January 6, 2023 and close on April 28.”可知答案。
22. C 细节理解题。根据第二段“Entries must be submitted by an educator or a student leader who’s 18 years old or older.”可知，四个选项中只有教师符合要求。
23. B 细节理解题。根据Information and structure, 40 percent一节中“Is it structured in a way that keeps listeners engaged?... Have you spent time cutting out unnecessary information to make sure the main ideas come through clearly?”及Production, 20 percent一节中“... we don’t expect you to be an expert on recording and editing sound, but we hope you’ll try.”可知，参赛作品需要结构紧凑，适当编辑。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。享誉全球的科幻杂志Clarkesworld最近受AI作品的影响，不得不暂停接受新稿件。
24. B 细节理解题。根据第一段“On February 20, the science fiction magazine Clarkesworld was forced to stop accepting any new articles from writers after it was flooded with AI-written stories.”可知，Clarkesworld是被AI写手逼得不得不暂停接受新稿件。
25. A 观点态度题。根据第四段“He said he had already spoken to editors of other magazines and that all of them had agreed to stop accepting AI-written articles.”可推断，其他杂志对AI生成的作品持否定态度。
26. D 细节理解题。根据第五段“‘But the thing is that science fiction is often intended to give a warning to people... And there are some significant legal and moral issues around this technology that we’re not ready to accept.’”可知，Neil Clarke认为科幻杂志有责任对新科技带来的负面效应做出预警。
27. C 文章出处题。通读全文可知，这是一篇新闻报道。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了韦伯太空望远镜最近发现的六个疑似星系。
28. C 细节理解题。根据第二段“... it’s the size of these six galaxies that shock the researchers.”可知答案。
29. D 词义猜测题。根据第一段“The six newly discovered objects suggest that the early universe may have been developing unexpectedly fast to produce these huge galaxies.”及画线词前“‘Most galaxies in this era are still small and only gradually growing larger over time, ... But...’”可推断，fast-tracking to maturity与developing unexpectedly fast及Growing rapidly同义。
30. B 细节理解题。根据第六段“Unlike Hubble, the bigger and more powerful Webb can see through clouds of dust with its infrared (红外的) vision and discover galaxies previously undetected.”可知答案。
31. A 推理判断题。根据第六段“These galaxy observations were among the first set of data from...”及最后一段“‘One early lesson from Webb is to let go of our expectations and be ready to be surprised,’”可推断，Ivo Labbe担心第一批数据可能不完整。因为上次也出现了一次类似问题。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇议论文。作者认为在信息时代，国家有义务为国民提供免费的高等教育。
32. C 细节理解题。根据第一段“If the information-age economy demands a workforce with higher education, the US government needs to make the same deal with students and their families: Anyone willing to work hard and earn the degree should be able to attend college—for free.”可知答案。
33. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Under the terms of the Chicago Star Scholarship... if a student at a public high school in Michigan maintains a B average, the state will provide a free degree at a local community college.”可知，这个奖学金项目惠及的是密歇根州成绩达到B级的高中生。
34. A 段落大意题。根据主题句“Chicago Star Scholarship and Chicago Star Plus are already changing young lives.”及细节可知答案。
35. B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者主要是通过密歇根州的两个奖学金项目所产生的积极成果来支持自己的论点的。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个给建议的技巧：放松、倾听、闭嘴。
36. C 根据本节的小标题Your body language matters及空后“‘Otherwise, they might not open up to me as much as I would want them to.’”可知，C项“我尽量放松身体、不露声色，以免让对方感到我在评头品足”符合。
37. F 根据空前“‘People... often want to process a problem themselves.’”可知，F项“善于给建议的人一般都会引导对方提出自己的解决方法”符合。
38. G 根据空后“‘Forcing yourself to give advice when you can’t will do more harm than good,’”可知，G项“你可以向对方礼貌地解释等你考虑成熟了再给建议”符合。
39. D 根据空后“You’re bound to hear about problems you haven’t experienced firsthand.”及下文细节可知，D项“亲历相似的问题不是成为合格咨询者的前提条件”符合。
40. E 根据空前“That’s why Jaime Roberts says you should let them know that you’re just human beings with limited experience.”可知，E项“但是，你要让对方知道你会尽力去理解他们”符合。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。Sujata Halarnkar在文中表达了她对外祖母做的鱼咖喱饭的思念之情。
41. D 根据空后“with the basic ingredients (原料)”及下文细节可知，这种鱼咖喱饭是比较传统的（traditional），里面没啥花哨的食材。
42. A 根据下文“There, her grandma would cook this curry for her.”及“... Halarnkar said she still ______ the curry her grandma made in India.”可知，她是从外祖母（grandmother）那里学会做鱼咖喱的。
43. C 根据空前“Halarnkar now lives in Yuma, Arizona, but...”可知，她是在孟买长大（grew up）的。
44. B 根据下文“‘They lived in a neighboring village and I went there almost every week.’”可知，外祖母家很近（nearby）。她几乎每个周末（weekends）都会去那里吃外祖母做的鱼咖喱。
45. C 见上题解析。
46. D 这样的儿时记忆当然是最美好的（best）：跟着外祖母在美丽的海滨捕（catch）鱼做咖喱。
47. B 见上题解析。
48. D 几十年（Decades）后，鱼咖喱饭还能给身处异国他乡的Halarnkar带来莫大的安慰。
49. D 在美国她的家人周末聚会（gather）时，也只买鱼（fish）做咖喱饭吃。
50. B 见上题解析。
51. A Halarnkar已经把这个菜谱（recipe）传给了自己的女儿。
52. C 但是，晚辈（generation）总做不出外祖母的那个味道来。
53. D 因此，Halarnkar还是更喜欢（prefers）外祖母做的咖喱饭。
54. C 她正盼望着回印度探（visit）亲。
55. A 她敢肯定，她一到家（arrive），外祖母准会给她做鱼咖喱。
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇新闻报道。十几年前，中国政府在大西北启动了“退耕还林工程”并取得了举世瞩目的成绩。
56. amazing 考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作定语，修饰fight，意为“令人惊叹的”，故用现在分词amazing。
57. achievement 考查词形转换。根据该空前的定冠词The及空后的was可知，所填词为名词作主语，故用所给动词的名词的单数形式achievement。
58. was carried 考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语In 1999可知，此处用一般过去时，又因为carry out与It（Grain for Green Program）存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。
59. which 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且先行词为northwestern China，故用关系代词which。
60. and 考查连词。根据句意可知，此处表示并列关系，故用并列连词and。
61. introduced 考查非谓语动词。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰species。而且introduce与species之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词introduced。
62. than 考查介词。根据空前的more water可知，此处用介词than。
63. thirsty 考查词形转换。分析该句成分可知，所填词在此处作plants的定语，故用所给名词的形容词形式thirsty。
64. programs 考查名词复数。program为可数名词，根据空前的定语All及空后的谓语动词need可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式。
65. Our 考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的efforts。
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
This year, our class has organized a variety of extracurricular activities, such as planting trees, learning to cook and visiting local museums.
My favorite activity is to visit the museums. Such kinds of trips have not only helped me better understand the history and geography textbooks, but also improved my research skills, since we were always asked to get prepared by searching online or finding useful information in the library before the field trips. I really hope that you can go on a field trip with us in the future.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
After class, I was asked to see him. When I reached his office, I took a deep breath and opened the door. There in the chair sat my boss, with a hardened face. He looked at me for a while, and then handed me an envelope, which definitely added more anxiety to me at that moment. However, my eyes went wide open when I found it was a letter with several suggestions about my teaching, one of which was highlighted in red: An educator should get the students actively engaged.
I made up my mind to make a change. In the next class, when the students seemed to expect another boring English lesson, I cleared my throat and announced, “Boys and girls, let me hear your own voice about my literature lesson.” Suddenly, a complete silence fell over. Flashing a smile, I continued, “Anything you’d like to say!” At this, the class immediately came to life.