Unit 4（B卷·能力提升）——高二英语同步单元AB卷（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）

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Unit 4 Never too old to learn 测试(B卷·能力提升)
(时间：90分钟 满分：120分)

第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题：每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2021·安徽·六安一中高二期中)Online master gardener programs allow you to learn more about plants and gardening. Some of them can also provide certification to those who wish to benefit their community in broader ways.
Advanced Permaculture Design
* Price: About $ 495(Plus $ 60 registration free).
* Experience Level: Suitable for experienced learners.
* Reasons: If you are looking for something more in-depth, then these courses offer more advanced instruction in permaculture.
* Advantages: Opportunity to advance skills in permaculture; aid in professional development.
* Disadvantages: Not suitable for beginners.
Garden Tutor
* Price: Free.
* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
* Reasons: This course is free and it is suitable for beginners.
* Advantages: Completely free of charge; suitable for complete learners.
* Disadvantages: No route to certification; simpler and less comprehensive than paid courses.
Cornell Gardener Program
* Price: About $675 for a six-week organic gardening course.
* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.
* Reasons: This is one of our top picks because of the institution’s excellent reputation.
* Advantages: Focus on organic, eco-friendly gardening, flexible online learning; small class sizes.
* Disadvantages: Costly option; full master gardener certification only available to local residents.
Skillshare Gardening Courses
* Price: Low prices which vary in courses.
* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners.
* Reasons: These courses offer various opportunities to learn more about gardening. If gardening is a hobby, taking one or more of them could be a great alternative to a full maste gardener program.
* Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.
* Disadvantages: No route to certification.
1. Which of the following online programs charges nothing?
A．Advanced Permaculture Design. B．Garden Tutor.
C．Comell Gardener Program. D．Skillshare Gardening Courses.
2. What makes Cornell Gardener program different from others?
A．It only offers a short-term course.
B．It doesn’t charge any registration fee.
C．It is known for environmental protection.
D．It is intended for learners of different levels.
3. What may Skillshare Gardening Courses attract beginners most?
A．Its teaching method. B．Its route to certification.
C．Its flexible online schedules. D．Its experienced masters.

【答案】BDC
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个网上园艺课程。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的“* Price: Free.(价格:免费。)”可知，“Garden Tutor”是面对初学者的，且完全免费。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“* Experience Level: Suitable for beginners through to more experienced gardeners.(经验等级:适合初学者到更有经验的园丁)”并对比其他课程可知Advanced Permaculture Design只适合有经验的园丁；Garden Tutor和Skillshare Gardening Courses只适合初学者；由此可知“Cornell Gardener Program”的特别之处是适合各层次的人。故选D。
3. 细节理解题。根据第四则广告中的“Advantages: Affordable; flexible online schedules.(优点：实惠；灵活的在线计划)”可知，Skillshare园艺课程最吸引初学者的是课程的时间非常灵活。故选C。

B
(2022·山东·青岛市黄岛区教育发展研究中心高二期末)The chasm (鸿沟) separating Garang Piol from his dream of attending Cape Town University, the top university of Africa, in 2018 was wide. The former soldier from the Republic of South Sudan needed money to pay tuition.
In the years after the war’s ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a chance at education. Later, he worked for Atlanta’s Carter Center in South Sudan, helping root out Guinea worm disease. His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development.
David Stobbelaar was in charge of the Carter Center in South Sudan in 2008 when Garang was assigned to his team. Stobbelaar says Garang impressed Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities. The two became good friends over years and Garang told Stobbelaar his experience of being a soldier.
When Stobbelaar was talking in 2015 to Dickstein Hughes, a friend who is a teacher, she was leading her 10th grade English class through a book, A Long Way Gone: Memoirs of a Soldier. “I was talking to David about some of my concerns and bringing my students closer to the humanity of the memoir, and he suggested that he could connect me with a former soldier,” she said.
Garang soon was answering questions via Internet from the students. His talk was so impactful that Dickstein Hughes continued contacting him for the next three years, became Garang’s friend and came to know of his hopes of coming to Cape Town University for more schooling. Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point. Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers. “Life has challenged him time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.” Dickstein Hughes said.
Now Garang is one year into earning master’s degrees at Cape Town in international development and public health. He is anxious to return home and recreate the process that changed him. “I hope to change the life of others ─ to help them know they have a future,” Garang said.
4. What is the text mainly about?
A．A chasm separated a Sudanese soldier from his dream.
B．A Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends.
C．A Sudanese soldier realized his dream by telling his stories.
D．A former Sudanese soldier hopes to change the life of others.
5. What does the author intend to tell us about Garang in paragraph 2?
A．He went to school in 2005.
B．He managed to get more schooling.
C．He did different jobs to make money.
D．He made contributions in rooting out Guinea worm disease.
6. Why did Garang’s friends like to help him?
A．He used to be a soldier.
B．He communicated with friends via Internet.
C．He received high level education.
D．His behavior impressed friends deeply.
7. What does the underlined part “sticking point” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Disadvantage. B．Mistake. C．Difficulty. D．Disappointment.

【答案】BBDC
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵加朗·皮奥尔(Garang Piol)通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支付学费的求学经历。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Recommended by Dickstein Hughes, Garang was accepted at Cape Town, but the money became the sticking point. Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers. “Life has challenged him time and time again, and Garang has proved himself time and time again.” Dickstein Hughes said.”(在Dickstein Hughes的推荐下，加朗被开普敦大学录取，但钱成了症结所在。因此，Dickstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。“生活一次又一次地向他挑战，加朗一次又一次地证明了自己。”迪克斯坦休斯说。)可知，本文主要讲的是来自南苏丹共和国的前士兵Garang Piol通过参加一些工作和朋友的帮助来支付学费的求学经历，即A Sudanese soldier fulfilled his dream with the help of friends，故选B。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“In the years after the war’s ending in 2005, he had worked as an electrician in a school where he found a chance at education...His salary paid for his living expenses and for his education at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa in Kenya, where he earned a degree in sustainable development.”(在2005年战争结束后的几年里，他曾在一所学校当电工，在那里他找到了接受教育的机会……他的工资支付了他在肯尼亚东非天主教大学(Catholic University of Eastern Africa)的生活费和教育费用，并在那里获得了可持续发展学位。)可知，作者在第二段主要是想告诉我们Garang设法接受了更多的教育。故选B。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Stobbelaar says Garang impressed Carter Center staff with his intelligence, organization and communication abilities.”(Stobbelaar说，加朗的智慧、组织和沟通能力给卡特中心的工作人员留下了深刻印象。)可推断出，加朗的朋友喜欢帮助他是因为他的行为给朋友们留下了深刻的印象。故选D。
7. 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“Thus Dickstein Hughes and her class started a GoFundMe account, went door to door and held fundraisers.”(因此，Dickstein Hughes和她的班级开设了一个GoFundMe账户，挨家挨户地进行筹款活动。)可知，进行筹款肯定是因为Garang需要钱，因此划线词所在的句子的意思是“钱成了困难所在”，划线词的意思是“困难”，即Difficulty，故选C。

C
(2022·上海交大附中高二阶段练习)Passage Nine (Holmes’ Knowledge)
His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge. Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. Upon my quoting Thomas Carlyle, he inquired in the naivest way who he might be and what he had done. My surprise reached a climax, however, when I found incidentally that he was ignorant of the Copernican Theory and of the composition of the Solar system.
“You appear to be astonished,” Holmes said, smiling at my expression. “Now that I do know it I shall do my best to forget it. You see, I consider that a man’s brain originally is like a little empty attic, and you have to stock it with such furniture as you choose: A fool takes in all the lumber of every sort that he comes across, so that the knowledge which might be useful to him gets crowded out, or at best jumbled up with a lot of other things, so that he has difficulty in laying his hand upon it. It is a mistake to think that the little room has elastic walls and can distend to any extent. Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones.”
“But the Solar System!” I protested.
“What the deuce is it to me?” he interrupted impatiently.
One morning, I picked up a magazine from the table and attempted to while away the time with it, while my companion munched silently at his toast. One of the articles had a pencil mark at the heading, and I naturally began to run my eye through it.
Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life,” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. It struck me as being a remarkable mixture of shrewdness and of absurdity. The reasoning was close and intense, but the deduction appeared to me to be far-fetched and exaggerated. The writer claimed by a momentary expression, a twitch of a muscle or a glance of an eye, to fathom a man’s inmost thought. Deceit, according to him, was impossibility in the case of one trained to observation and analysis. His conclusions were as infallible as so many propositions of Euclid. So startling would his results appear to the uninitiated that until they learned the processes by which he had arrived at them they might well consider him as a necromancer.
“From a drop of water,” said the writer, “a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.”
This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it.
8. What is the author’s attitude toward Holmes?
A．Praising. B．Critical. C．Ironical. D．Distaste.
9. What way did the author take to stick out Holmes’ uniqueness?
A．By deduction. B．By explanation. C．By contrast. D．By analysis.
10. What was the Holmes’ idea about knowledge-learning?
A．Learning what every body learned.
B．Learning what was useful to you.
C．Learning whatever you came across.
D．Learning what was different to you.
11. What did the article mentioned in the passage talk about?
A．One may master the way of reasoning through observation.
B．One may become rather critical through observation and analysis.
C．One may become rather sharp through observation and analysis.
D．One may become practical through observation and analysis.

【答案】ACBC
【解析】本文是小说节选。本章介绍了福尔摩斯的“无知”和他的“阁楼说”，以及他独有的推理和分析理论。
8. 推理判断题。最后一段“This smartly written piece of theory I could not accept until a succession of evidences justified it. (这个写得绝妙的理论，我一直无法认同，直到一系列的证据证明它是正确的)”是作者对福尔摩斯的文章The Book of Life中理论的评价，由此可知，作者对福尔摩斯是由不解到折服，不吝溢美之词。故选A项。
9. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Of contemporary literature, philosophy and politics he appeared to know next to nothing. (对于当代文学、哲学和政治，他似乎一窍不通)”和最后一段福尔摩斯对于推理和分析理论的阐述“‘From a drop of water,’ said the writer, ‘a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic. So all life is a great chain, the nature of which is known whenever we are shown a single link of it. Like all other arts, the science of Deduction and Analysis is one which can be acquired by long and patient study, nor is life long enough to allow any mortal to attain the highest possible perfection in it.’ (“从一滴水，”作者说，“一个逻辑学家可以推断出大西洋存在的可能性。因此，所有的生命都是一条巨大的链条，只要我们看到其中的一个环节，我们就知道它的本质。演绎与分析科学和其他所有的艺术一样，是一门可以通过长期和耐心的学习而获得的科学，也不可能让任何凡人在这门科学中达到最高的完美。”)”可知，作者通过对比福尔摩斯对于社会科学的无知和对于逻辑学知识的渊博来表现他的独特，即“His ignorance was as remarkable as his knowledge.(他的无知和他的知识一样引人注目)”。故选C项。
10. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Depend upon it, there comes a time when for every addition of knowledge you forget something that you know before. It is of the highest importance, therefore, not to have useless facts elbowing out the useful ones. (毫无疑问，总有那么一段时间，每增加一点知识，你就会忘记一些以前知道的东西。因此，最重要的是，不要让无用的事实把有用的挤出去)”可知，福尔摩斯认为只应当学习对你有用的知识。故选B项。
11. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Its somewhat ambitious title was “The Book of Life,” and it attempted to show how much an observant man might learn by an accurate and systematic examination of all that came in his way. (这篇文章的标题有点雄心勃勃，叫做《生命之书》，它试图表明一个善于观察的人，通过对他所遇到的一切事物进行准确而系统的观察，可以了解到很多东西)”可知，The Book of Life这篇文章讲的是一个人通过观察和分析可以察觉很多东西，可以变得相当敏锐。故选C项。

D
(2021·上海市南洋模范中学高三期中)It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.
Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain？
As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything：Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffiti desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.
But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education "have that stereotype...that it's for kids who can't make it academically, "he says.
On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America's evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.
But the headlong(轻率的)push into bachelor's degrees for all---and the subtle devaluing of anything less---misses an important point:That's not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor's degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.
In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap. Koziatek's school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.
12. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students' lack of ________ .
A．academic training B．practical ability
C．pioneering spirit D．mechanical memorization
13. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who ________ .
A．have a stereotyped mind B．have no career motivation
C．are financially disadvantaged D．are not academically successful
14. The headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all ________ .
A．helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs
B．may narrow the gap in working-class jobs
C．indicates the overvaluing of higher education
D．is expected to yield a better-trained workforce
15. The author's attitude toward Koziatek's school can be described as ________ .
A．tolerant B．cautious C．supportive D．disappointed

【答案】BDCC
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。科齐亚特克的曼彻斯特理工学院高中的一位老师认为实践对学生尤为重要，并介绍了大家对职业教育的刻板印象和大肆鼓励攻读学位的现象。
12. 推理判断题。根据第二段的“He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain？”(他是新罕布什尔州一所高中的老师，那里的学习不是书本、考试和机械记忆，而是实践。什么时候，学生们能够说出美国第13任总统的名字，但却被一根断了的自行车链条完全压倒，这一点成为了公认的智慧？)可推知，提到一条断了的自行车链条是为了表示学生们缺少实践能力。故选B。
13. 细节理解题。根据第四段“But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority.   Schools in the family of vocational education "have that stereotype...that it's for kids who can't make it academically,"he says.”(但他也发现了一种潜在的偏见。用手工作几乎被视为自卑的标志。职业教育家庭中“有一种刻板印象……这是为那些在学业上不能胜任的孩子们准备的，”他说)可知，有一种偏见认为职业教育是为那些学业不成功的孩子准备的。故选D。
14. 推理判断题。根据第六段的“But the headlong(轻率的)push into bachelor's degrees for all---and the subtle devaluing of anything less---misses an important point：That's not the only thing the American economy needs.”( 但是，对所有人来说，大肆攻读学士学位——以及对任何不具备学士学位的人进行微妙的贬值——忽略了一个要点：这不是美国经济所需要的唯一东西)可推知，大肆攻读学士学位是高估了高等教育的价值。故选C。
15. 观点态度题。根据文章最后一段最后三句“Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap. Koziatek's school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all，it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.”(科齐亚特克的曼彻斯特理工学院高中正试图填补这一空白。科齐亚特克的学校是一个警钟。当教育变得一刀切时，它有可能忽视一个国家天赋的多样性)可推知，作者对科齐亚特克的学校的态度是支持的。故选C。

第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
(2021·江苏·启东中学高二阶段练习)Learning Is Everywhere and Anytime
Employees nowadays are faced with major changes in their working life. Besides their daily tasks and responsibilities, they are also learners. Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time. In order to catch all the opportunities learning has to offer, learning should be able to occur anywhere, at any time. ___16___ .
This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e-learning field. ___17___ . Did you know that the rate of information has tripled (增长三倍)in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.
___18___ . Micro-learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short-term-focused activities. As experts say, repetitive learning through putting the learning process into daily routines is highly effective. And you can improve the learner experience by offering so-called learning nugget in an ATAWADAC style: Any Time, Any Where, Any Device, Any Content.
To boost the learner experience, you need to select only content that is relevant to you. Create your own personalized on-demand learning library, by piling up interesting learning content that you can easily get. ___19___ , you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite-sized learning content on.
___20___ .
• Increase the completion rate.
• Give visibility to onboarding programmes: newcomers can have access to entry-level programmes everywhere and at any time.
• Give feedback before or after training lessons.
A．How to increase micro-learning?
B．Here are some benefits of micro-learning.
C．It's important to know repetitive learning too.
D．Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.
E．Besides, people are faced with an information overload.
F．It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual
G．By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)

【答案】FEDGB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种学习活动——微学习，这种学习可以帮助人们解决学习的局限性。
16. 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time.(具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。)”说明每个人的学习都有局限性。F选项It should also take into consideration of the limitations of the individual.(它还应该考虑到个人的局限性。)说明学习还要考虑个人的局限性，符合文意。故选F项。
17. 下文“Did you know that the rate of information has tripled in the last 3 years alone? People are overloaded with tools and need guidance to learn how to learn in the digital age.(你知道仅在过去的三年里，信息的传播速度就增长了两倍吗?在数字时代，人们的工具太多了，需要有人来指导他们如何学习。)”说明数字时代的人们面对的信息量很大。E选项Besides, people are faced with an information overload.(此外，人们面临着信息过载。)符合下文文意。故选E项。
18. 上文“Specifically, they are learners faced with an information overload and above all, a limited amount of time.(具体来说，他们是学习者，面对的是信息过载，最重要的是，有限的时间。)”说明每个人的学习都面临着一定的局限性的挑战。下文“Micro - learning makes learning easier with smaller learning units and short - term - focused activities.(微学习使学习更容易与更小的学习单元和短期关注的活动。)”说明微学习可以解决信息过载时间有限等问题。D选项Micro-learning forms an answer for learner's challenges.(微学习为学习者的挑战提供了答案。)符合上下文意。故选D项。
19. 上文“This first challenge for all the learners involved in the e-learning area is that your contents should be available on smartphones and mobile Internet devices, or you won't have any chance to be competitive in the e-learning field.(对于所有参与电子学习领域的学习者来说，第一个挑战是，你的内容必须在智能手机和移动互联网设备上可用，否则你将没有任何机会在电子学习领域具有竞争力。)”说明移动设备的必要性。下文“you can create your daily learning journey by consuming bite - sized learning content on(您可以通过在网上消费小规模的学习内容来创建您的日常学习之旅)”说明需要创建日常学习之旅需要移动设备。G选项By means of one mobile device (tablet, phone, application)(通过一个移动设备(平板、电话、应用程序))符合上下文意。故选G项。
20. 下文“Increase the completion rate.(提高完成率。)”“Give visibility to onboarding programmes : newcomers can have access to entry - level programmes everywhere and at any time.(提供入职培训:新员工可以随时随地参加入门级培训。)”“Give feedback before or after training lessons.(在培训课程之前或之后给予反馈。)”说明这些都是微学习的优点。B选项Here are some benefits of micro - learning.(以下是微观学习的一些好处。)符合文意。故选B项。

第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2022·广东·深圳实验学校高中部高二阶段练习)Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future and wanted to make a____21____in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s____22____I learned about the Lighthouse Project.
I started my____23____as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous____24____. I knew it would be____25____, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. ____26____, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project____27____. Neither did my family.
I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to____28____among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria.
After completing my____29____, I was sent to the village that was small and_____30_____in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to_____31_____a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I_____32_____in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes thought I learned more from my _____33_____than they did from me.
Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or_____34_____to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my_____35_____forever.
21．A．fortune B．difference C．wish D．attempt
22．A．why B．how C．when D．where
23．A．journey B．study C．occupation D．business
24．A．volunteers B．students C．graduates D．applicants
25．A．adventurous B．brief C．dangerous D．tough
26．A．In turn B．In reward C．In honor D．In short
27．A．seriously B．lightly C．excitedly D．carefully
28．A．stick out B．turn out C．stand out D．pick out
29．A．treatment B．accommodation C．schedules D．training
30．A．regularly B．desperately C．hardly D．helplessly
31．A．convince B．lead C．represent D．undertake
32．A．studied B．survived C．supported D．taught
33．A．villagers B．colleagues C．students D．competitors
34．A．unusual B．similar C．cruel D．familiar
35．A．character B．experience C．life D．interest

【答案】BCAAD DBCDB BDCAC
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者经历了无数次面试和演讲后，成为一名灯塔项目志愿者，这段做志愿者期间的宝贵经历使他得到了锻炼，改变了他的生活。
21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：和许多应届毕业生一样，我走出大学校门时对未来充满希望，想以某种方式改变世界，但我不知道该怎么做。A.fortune财富；B.difference差别，短语make a difference意为“改变”；C.wish希望；D.attempt企图。根据上文“Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future”可知，和许多应届毕业生一样，我离开大学时对未来充满希望，推知，此处指作者想改变(make a difference)世界，该空缺少名词difference。故选B项。
22. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：这是我了解灯塔项目的时候。A.why为什么；B.how怎样；C.when时候；D.where哪里。 根据“I learned about the Lighthouse Project”及句子结构可知，这是一个表语从句，表示“了解灯塔项目的时候”，应该用连接副词when引导从句。故选C项。
23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以灯塔项目志愿者的身份开始了我的旅程，尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历。A.journey旅行；B.study学习；C.occupation工作；D.business商业。根据下文“I knew it would be , and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time.”可知，作者会去外地，离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间，推知，此处指离开家去外地的这段旅程(journey)，指当志愿者的这段旅程。故选A项。
24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始了灯塔项目志愿者的旅程，尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历。A.volunteers志愿者；B.students学生；C.graduates毕业生；D.applicants申请人。根据上文“I started my as a Lighthouse Project volunteer”可知，作者开始了灯塔项目志愿者的旅程，推知，此处指作者尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者(volunteers)的经历。故选A项。
25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这会很艰难，我会离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间。A.adventurous冒险的；B.brief简明的；C.dangerous危险的；D.tough艰难的。根据“and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time”可知，作者会离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，推知，此处指离开亲人和朋友的这段时间会很艰难(tough)。故选D项。
26. 考查短语辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。A.In turn反过来；B.In reward作为回报；C.In honor为了纪念；D.In short简言之。上文说作者知道这会很艰难，因为自己会离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间，再根据下文“I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”可知，作者是把申请所需的所有文件都寄了过去，然后在无数次面试和演讲之后，在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试，此处指，总之(In short)，作者并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。故选D项。
27. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：总之，我并没有轻率地决定申请灯塔项目。A.seriously认真地；B.lightly轻率地；C.excitedly兴奋地；D.carefully小心。根据下文“I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”可知，作者是把申请所需的所有文件都寄了过去，然后在无数次面试和演讲之后，在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试，此处指作者进行认真严肃的做好每一步工作，并未轻率地(lightly)申请。故选B项。
28. 考查短语辨析。句意：在无数次面试和演讲之后，我在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了考试。A.stick out突出；B.turn out结果是；C.stand out脱颖而出；D.pick out辨认出。根据下文“survive the test alone”可知，作者独自通过了考试，推知，作者很优秀，从候选人中脱颖而出(stand out)。故选C项。
29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：完成培训后，我被派往一个小村庄，那里迫切需要宿舍。A.treatment治疗；B.accommodation住处；C.schedules时间表；D.training培训。根据上文“Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty.”以及下文“I was sent to the village”，再结合作者申请灯塔项目志愿者的发展进程，可推知，此处指作者在报到后、被送到一个小村庄之前的培训(training)。故选D项。
30. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：完成培训后，我被派往一个小村庄，那里迫切需要宿舍。A.regularly有规律地；B.desperately迫切地；C.hardly几乎不；D.helplessly无助地。根据下文“I was asked to　　11　　a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse.”可知，作者被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍，推知，当地迫切(desperately)需要宿舍。故选B项。
31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。A.convince说服；B.lead带领；C.represent代表；D.undertake承担。根据上文“I managed to among the candidates and survive the test alone.”以及“After completing my ”可知，作者申请项目时，从候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过考试，然后又经过了培训，推知，作者非常优秀，被要求带领(lead)当地人建造新校舍。故选B项。
32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一年左右，我在同一所学校教书。A.studied研究；B.survived幸存；C.supported支持；D.taught教。根据下文“But I sometimes thought I learned more from my
than they did from me.”可知，作者觉得自己从学生身上学到的比他们从作者身上学到的更多，推知，作者在学校教书(taught)。故选D项。
33. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有时我觉得我从学生身上学到的比他们从我身上学到的更多。A.villagers村民；B.colleagues同事；C.students学生；D.competitors竞争对手。根据上文“For the next year or so, I in that same schoolhouse”可知，作者在同一所学校教书，推知，此处指作者从自己的学生(students)那里学到更多。故选C项。
34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间的某个时候，我意识到所有那些对我来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，尽管我在当地语言方面没有取得任何进展，我仍以另一个姿态返回到了美国。A.unusual不寻常的；B.similar相像的；C.cruel残酷的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据下文“The Lighthouse Project had changed my forever.” 可知，灯塔项目改变了作者的生活，此处指，作者经历了灯塔项目的锻炼，原来感到奇怪或不寻常(unusual)的事情都不足为奇了。故选A项。
35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：灯塔项目改变了我的生活。A.character性格；B.experience经验；C.life生活；D.interest兴趣。根据上文“Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or to me no longer did”可知，作者意识到所有那些对他来说很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不足为奇了，经历了该项目的锻炼，作者改变了自己的生活(life)。故选C项。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2022·全国·高二课时练习)E-books are lighter and more convenient 36. (carry)than paper books, but there may be disadvantages compared with paper books.
I received a Kindle e-book reader for my birthday, as I enjoy “light reading". In addition to the science articles 37. I have to read for work, I immediately filled it with mysteries by my favourite authors. But I soon found that I had difficulty in 38. (remember)the names of characters from chapter to chapter. At first, I thought it was 39. I was getting older—but then I discovered that I didn't have this problem 40. I read paper books.
When I discussed this with my friends and colleagues, I found I wasn't the only one 41. suffered from "e-book moment". Online, I 42. (discover)that Google's Larry Page himself had concerns about research 43. (show)that on-screen reading is slower than reading on paper.
This seems like a particularly troubling trend for scientists, 44. e-books are slowly taking the place of the heavy books that they usually have to carry. On many levels, e-books seem better than paper books. But some studies suggest that there may be important advantages in paper books
45. your goal is to remember what you read for a long time.

【答案】
36. to carry
37. that/which
38. remembering
39. because
40. when/while/as
41. who/that
42. discovered
43. showing
44. where
45. if
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过比较说明了纸质书和电子书的不同。
36. 考查非谓语动词。句意：电子书比纸质书更轻，更方便携带，但与纸质书相比可能有缺点。此处是“主语+be+ adj. +to do”结构，句子的主语就是动词不定式的宾语，主动表示被动。故填to carry。
37. 考查定语从句。句意：除了我工作中必须阅读的科学文章外，我还立刻在书中写满了我最喜欢的作家写的神秘故事。所填词引导定语从句，先行词为the science articles，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物。故填that或which。
38. 考查动名词作宾语。句意：但我很快就发现，我很难记住每一章人物的名字。   固定搭配：have difficulty(in)doing sth.“做某事有困难”，其中动名词作宾语。故填remembering。
39. 考查原因状语从句。句意：起初，我以为这是因为我变老了，但后来我发现，当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题。此处是because引导的原因状语从句。故用because。
40. 考查时间状语从句。句意：起初，我以为这是因为我变老了，但后来我发现，当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题。此处指“当我读纸质书时，我没有这个问题”，所以是含时间状语从句的复合句，由从属连词when，while或as引导。故填when/while/as。
41. 考查定语从句。句意：当我与朋友和同事讨论这个问题时，我发现我并不是唯一一个遭受“电子书时刻”困扰的人。 分析句子结构， suffered from "e-book moment"是一个定语从句，先行词是the only one，指人，关系词在从句中作主语。故填that或who。
42. 考查一般过去时。句意：在网上，我发现谷歌的拉里•佩奇本人也对一项研究表示担忧，该研究表明，在屏幕上阅读比在纸上阅读要慢。此处表示过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时。故填discovered。
43. 考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：在网上，我发现谷歌的拉里•佩奇本人也对一项研究表示担忧，该研究表明，在屏幕上阅读比在纸上阅读要慢。research与show之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填showing。
44. 考查定语从句。句意：对于科学家来说，这似乎是一个特别令人不安的趋势，因为电子书正在慢慢取代他们通常必须携带的沉重书籍。此处trend为先行词，并且关系词在从句中作抽象地点状语。故填where。
45. 考查条件状语从句。句意：但一些研究表明，如果你的目标是长时间记住你所阅读的内容，纸质书可能有重要的优势。此处是if引导的条件状语从句。故填if。

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
(2021·内蒙古·阿拉善盟第一中学高二期中)为了号召大家多读书，你校于 9 月 25 日组织了一次“亲子共读(parent-child reading)”活动。假设你是校英文报的记者，请根据以下要点用英语写一篇短文，报道此次活动。
1. 地点：学校图书馆；
2. 参加者：高二年级学生与家长；
3. 活动内容：亲子共读一本书；分享读书体会；互相推荐优秀书籍；
4. 简短评论
要求：
1. 文章包含所有要点，可适当增加内容，使行文连贯
2. 词数 100 词左右。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
To call on more students to read books in their spare time, an activity of parent-child reading was organized on September 25th in our school library. Students of Grade 2 and their parents participated in it.
During the activity, the students and their parents were asked to choose one book which they read together. After that, they shared their feelings or opinions about it. Many parents said this offered a better opportunity for them to get to know each other. Finally, every family recommended to others three great books.
The activity was really a great success. Not only did it arouse more students’ interest in reading, but it made more parents realize the significance of reading with their children.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇报道，介绍学校在9月25日组织的“亲子共读”活动的情况。
1.词汇积累
呼吁：call on→appeal to
参加：participate in→take part in
机会：opportunity→chance
意识到：realize→be aware of
2.句式拓展
同义句
原句：To call on more students to read books in their spare time, an activity of parent-child reading was organized on September 25th in our school library.   
拓展句：An activity of parent-child reading, intended to call on more students to read books in their spare time, was organized on September 25th in our school library.
[高分句型1]During the activity, the students and their parents were asked to choose one book which they read together. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]Not only did it arouse more students’ interest in reading, but it made more parents realize the significance of reading with their children.(运用了not only...but also...倒装句)

第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2021·湖北襄阳·高二期末)There is no school equal to a decent (体面的) home and no teacher equal to a virtuous parent.
There are two typical examples: Edison’s mother and our mother. As you all know, Thomas Edison is one of the most outstanding scientists and inventors in the world. Unbelievably, young Tom was in school for only three months. It is said that he liked to ask strange questions, many of which have nothing to do with learning. His teacher didn’t understand why he had so many strange questions. He didn’t want to teach Tom any more. He asked Tom’s mother to take the boy home. Tom’s mother taught him to read and write, and she found him to be a very good pupil. He learned very fast and became very interested in science. It was she who played an important role in Edison’s growth. Although we can’t compare with Edison, our mother played a more important role in our growth than his mother. Our dad was an English teacher who taught high school students. For many years, he had been cautious and conscientious (认真的) towards work. Mom stayed home and homeschooled their four children. Three of us had no trouble in learning but my sister Catherine still could not read by fifth grade, and worse still, did not even know the alphabet (字母表).
My mother did some research and found that Catherine had some sort of learning disability. She sent Catherine to a public school to get some help. Catherine made many friends at school and amazed everyone with her gift for telling creative stories in class, but she still couldn’t master reading skills. After all the testing was done, the school had my parents come in. They were told that based on the test results, they should just take Catherine home, which was very similar to Edison’s experience. However, the biggest difference is that Edison was not stupid, and my sister really had learning disabilities.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Tears of sadness ran down my dad’s cheeks.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In time, Catherine got it.
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【答案】One possible version：
Tears of sadness ran down my dad’s cheeks. However, my mom’s jaw was set in quiet determination. As they walked back to the car, she turned to him and said, “I know she’s not stupid. Soon after, my mom discovered a learning system that focused heavily on lesson repetition and building slowly on the previous exercises. She worked with Catherine for four hours every morning while the rest of us studied on our own. It was hard for both of them, but she often told crying Catherine, “Failure is not an option. You are going to learn to read, and we’ll both try! You have to learn to read! You will learn to read.”
In time, Catherine got it. By the time she graduated from eighth grade, she was reading almost at grade level. She continued improving and was reading above grade level when she graduated from high school. Catherine came to love reading and writing. She became a very famous writer. A number of wonderful novels were published all over the country. Many of her major works were popular with the public and some books were translated into other languages. All of this was because of a wonderfully devoted mother who was absolutely the best teacher ever—for all four of us.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者母亲在家里教育四个孩子，但是作者的妹妹Catherine 到五年级还是不识字，更糟糕的是，甚至连字母都不知道。然后作者的母亲就下决心帮助和鼓励她，妹妹长大后成了一位非常有名的作家的故事。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“悲伤的泪水顺着爸爸的脸颊流下来。”可知，第一段可描写作者的妈妈暗自下决心，帮助和鼓励Catherine 学习。
②由第二段首句内容“很快，凯瑟琳得到了它。”可知，第二段可描写Catherine 通过努力阅读能力得到了提高，之后成了一个非常有名的作家，所有这一切的成功都感谢她有一位尽职尽责的母亲。
2.续写线索：伤心——母亲下决心帮助鼓励Catherine ——阅读能力得到提高——成为著名的作家——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①下决心：set in quiet determination/make a decision
②学习：learn/study
③继续：continue/keep up/go on
情绪类
哭泣的：crying/weeping
[高分句型1]. She continued improving and was reading above grade level when she graduated from high school. (运用了连接词when引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2]. All of this was because of a wonderfully devoted mother who was absolutely the best teacher ever—for all four of us. (由关系代词who引导的定语从句)