高考英语单项选择分类训练：被动语态

这是一份高考英语单项选择分类训练：被动语态，共20页。
单项选择：被动语态
1．In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ________.
A．was cut B．will be cut
C．will have been cut D．has been cut
2．She hurriedly ran home, never once looking back to see whether she ________.
A．would follow B．was following C．has followed D．was being followed
3．Turkish officials are saying that the number of people who ________ by the earthquakes that took place in southeastern Turkey ________ at least 20 million.
A．had been affected; reaches B．has affected; reach
C．was affected; reach D．have been affected; reaches
4．Currently, almost 50 percent of   jobs, including journalism, ________ with technology that can operate automatically.
A．has been replacing B．is being replaced
C．have been replacing D．are being replaced
5．The famous director, as well as the main actors in the film, _________to a TV program to have a face-to-face talk with the audience last Saturday.
A．have been invited B．has been invited C．was invited D．were invited
6．After a day’s work, I went to the restaurant near my company to have dinner, only to be told that it ________.
A．is decorated B．was decorated
C．is being decorated D．was being decorated
7．On discovering that Morrie ____ by a severe illness, Mitch starts visiting him at his house on Tuesdays.
A．is weakened B．is weakening C．is being weakened D．has weakened
8．—Tom, how are you doing with the job hunting?
—To be frank. I’m still hesitating whether to accept the position I _______ at the job fair.
A．had been offered B．was offered C．offered D．had offered
9．Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A．are taken B．have been taken C．were taken D．will be taken
10．It is the first time he ________ here and now it is high time that he ________ around.
A．come;should be showed
B．has come;was showed
C．has come;be showed
D．came;was showed
11．Seven pairs of eyes ______ on him at this news.
A．fasten B．were fastened C．focused D．fixed
12．His sister left home in 1998, and ________ ever since.
A．had not been heard of
B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of
D．has not heard of
13．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention ________ at the meeting.
A．to be discussed B．to been discussed
C．being discussed D．should be discussed
14．The moment the 29th Olympic Games ______ open, the whole world cheered.
A．declared B．have been declared C．have declared D．were declared
15．When the injured ________ to the hospital, they came to ________.
A．was rushed；life B．were rushed；life
C．rushed；lives D．were rushed；lives
16．A danger foreseen is half_____.
A．avoided B．avoiding C．to avoid D．having avoided
17．His suggestion has been _____by people in many parts of the world.
A．adopting B．adopted C．adapted D．adapting
18．It is ________ that the project will last three years.
A．estimate B．to estimate C．estimated D．estimating
19．Delete the short message at once! Many a man _________by such tricks up to now.
A．are taken in B．is taken in
C．have been taken in D．has been taken in
20．If the bottle of gas ________ fire, the whole building may ________.
A．will catch; be burnt off B．catches; be burnt to the ground
C．is on; burn down D．will be on; be burned to the ground
21．________ to compete in the Olympic Games for the first time?
A．When do you suppose women were allowed
B．When do you suppose women allowed
C．When do you suppose were women allowed
D．Do you suppose when women were allowed
22．—Why don’t you ride your bicycle today?
—Oh, it broke down. It ________ now.
A．is being repaired B．is repaired
C．was repaired D．will be repaired
23．His private museum together with his art collections________ to the country as a gift.
A．has offered B．have offered C．is offered D．are offered
24．The famous musician, as well as his students, ________ to perform at the opening ceremony.
A．were invited B．was invited C．have been invited D．has invited
25．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life________ to finance the Project with their deeper love for these children.
A．be encouraged B．are encouraged C．were encouraged D．should encourage
26．It was demanded that the working conditions in that area ________ as soon as possible.
A．must improve B．improve C．was improved D．be improved
27．My washing machine ______ this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.
A．will be repaired B．was repaired
C．is being repaired D．has been repaired
28．It was the first time that China’s lecture ______ from the orbiting Chinese Space Station.
A．was delivered B．had been delivered
C．has been delivered D．delivered
29．— Our school sports meet_____next week. Which sport will you take part in?
—The long jump and the high jump. I’m good at jumping.
A．holds B．will be held C．is holding D．is held
30．Unless otherwise ________ all the regulations apply to students in Senior Three.
A．to be stated B．stated C．stating D．is stated
31．Steam engines ________to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise.
A．are used B．used C．have been used D．were used
32．Various efforts ________ in the years ahead to protect the environment.
A．are made B．have been made C．were made D．will be made
33．The mayor of Suzhou says that all construction work for the Asian Games________ by the end of this month.
A．has been completed B．has completed
C．will have completed D．will have been completed
34．It’s reported that many a shelter hospital ______ at present in Shanghai.
A．is being built B．was built C．are being built D．have been built
35．— What do you think of your journey to the seaside town?
— Everything is very fantastic, especially its fresh air, which is pleasant ________.
A．breathed B．being breathed C．to be breathed D．to breathe
36．As fossil fuels are unsustainable, alternative energy, such as sunlight, wind and water, _____ currently.
A．was employed B．is being employed
C．were employed D．are being employed
37．Her round figure, seen in the Tang Dynasty, ________ the admirable image.
A．would have been considered B．would have considered
C．had considered D．must have been considered
38．Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, has inspired the imagination and creativity of generations around the world since it ______ into different languages.
A．translated B．has translated
C．was translated D．has been translated
39．Quantities of food ________the charity every year.
A．are donated to B．is donated to C．are donated D．donate to
40．—I wonder why Robert hasn’t shown up at the interview yet. It’s a pity if he missed.
—I’m not sure, but he ________ in a traffic jam riding here.
A．could be stuck B．should be stuck C．must have been stuck D．might have been stuck
41．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?
—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.
A．would be sent B．has been sent C．had been sent D．sent
42．In the past many years, the giant panda ________ out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other development.
A．had been driven B．has been driven C．had driven D．has driven
43．On the last day of their week-long stay, John, as well as his friends, ________ to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars.
A．invited B．was invited C．were invited D．had been invited
44．Aristotle proposed that teachers lead their students systematically, and that repetition ________as a key tool to develop good habits, unlike Socrates' emphasis on questioning his listeners to bring out their own ideas.
A．is used B．would be used C．should use D．be used
45．—We want to sit at the table near the window.
— I’m sorry, but it ________ already.
A．has taken B．took C．was taken D．has been taken
46．The school has 300 computers and three fourths of them __________ by Project Hope.
A．provides B．are provided C．provide D．is provided
47．A great number of colleges and universities _____ since 1949.
A．has been establish B．have been established
C．have established D．had been established
48．I was sent to the village last month to see how the plan ________ in the past two years.
A．would be carried out B．was carried out
C．had been carried out D．is being carried out
49．Over the past 3 years, more than one book about space exploration ________ all over the world.
A．were published B．was published
C．have been published D．has been published
50．In 1913,Frost’s first book of poems, A Boy’s Will, ________ by a famous publishing house and became a great success later.
A．have been published B．has been published
C．were published D．was published
51．None of the money ________ spent on useless things so far.
A．has been B．has C．have been D．Have
52．The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ________.
A．is made B．would made C．was to be made D．had made
53．Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.
A．has offered B．has been offered
C．had offered D．had been offered
54．She is one of the girls in our class who ______ for the coming sports meeting now.
A．is being trained B．are trained
C．is training D．are being trained
55．Those who report news _________ to speak excellent English.
A．are expected B．expect C．were expected D．expected
56．After today’s heavy snow, many roads are still blocked.
A．阻塞；堵塞 B．街区； C．木块；石块 D．大楼
57．All the people who _________ with killing the protected animals will be sentenced in five days.
A．to be charged B．have charged
C．have been charged D．has been charged
58．The problems to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow are really hard ________.
A．to be solved B．solved C．solving D．to solve
59．—Sir, the windows ________white.
—Well done. You did a good job.
A．have painted B．has painted C．has been painted D．have been painted
60．After a while, he realized that he was in a situation _________ he was _________.
A．where; made use B．that; made use of
C．in which; made use of D．which; made use
61．All his attention________ on what the teacher was saying, so he even didn't notice what was happening outside the classroom.
A．fixed B．was fixed C．was fixing D．has been fixed
62．The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ______ to arrive.
A．will be expected B．is expecting
C．is expected D．expects
63．— Excuse me, is the book Gone with the wind by Margaret Mitchell available now?
— Sorry, but it ______ so well that we don’t have any in store.
A．sells B．is sold C．has sold D．has been sold
64．Only in the last few years have scientists and teachers begun to understand learning disabilities and ________.
A．how can they be dealt with B．what they can be dealt with
C．how they can be dealt with D．what can they be dealt with
65．Professor Baker, who _________ the research of wild animals all his life, _________ to give a speech in our school next week.
A．has devoted to；is supposed B．is devoted to；will be supposed
C．has been devoted to；is supposed D．had devoted to；will be supposed
66．The number of people in the world ______about 6 billion, and thus large quantities of waste ______each year.
A．totals; has been produced B．total; is produced
C．totals; are produced D．total; are being produced
67．—You’re so excited. What’s up?
—I ____as a volunteer in the coming Winter Olympic Games.
A．had been accepted B．have been accepted
C．had accepted D．have accepted
68．Water ________ to our planet during the first two million years after the birth of the solar system, a study has found.
A．might be brought B．may have been brought
C．could be brought D．should have been brought
69．It’s most urgent that the all the shops in the U.S _____ because of the increasingly confirmed Covid-19 cases.
A．are closed B．should close C．be closed D．have been closed
70．Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.
A．were displaying B．are displaying
C．were being displayed D．are being displayed



















参考答案：
1．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在我的家乡，所有的小麦被收割完后，总是会有农民的丰收晚餐（农民总会举办一场丰收宴来庆祝）。结合语意可知，cut这一动作已经完成，对现在有影响，空处应用现在完成时，cut与主语wheat之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语wheat是不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式has been cut。故选D项。
2．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：她急忙跑回家，一刻也没有回头看是否有人跟踪她。整个句子描述过去发生的事，且此处表示过去某一刻正在做的事，应用过去进行时，主语she和动词follow之间是被动关系，表示“她正在被跟踪”，应用过去进行时的被动，故选D。
3．D
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：土耳其官员说，受土耳其东南部地震影响的人数至少达到2000万。第一空在who引导的定语从句作谓语，句子表示从过去到现在地震影响了人们，应用现在完成时，且who代指先行词people，和动词affect(影响)为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动，从句主语who代指people，为复数，所以第一空为have been affected，第二空作that引导的宾语从句的谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，宾语从句的主语是the number of people，the number of(……的数量)后面加可数名词复数，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。
4．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：目前，包括新闻工作在内的近50%的工作正在被可以自动操作的技术所取代。主语与谓语构成被动关系，表示动作正在发生应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为 almost 50 percent of jobs，谓语用复数。故选D。
5．C
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：上周六，这位著名的导演及该电影的主要演员被邀请去参加电视节目和观众面对面会谈。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，时间状语是“last Saturday”，用一般过去时。主语是“The famous director”，遵循就远一致的原则，“as well as the main actors”不影响谓语动词的选择，故谓语动词用第三人称单数，主语“The famous director”和“invite”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C项。
6．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一天的工作结束后，我去公司附近的餐厅吃饭，却被告知餐厅正在装修。该空动词decorate在宾语从句中作谓语，根据句意，去餐厅吃饭，使用了only to be told表示意外的结果状语，应该是不能在那里用餐。因为是当时餐厅正在被装修。从句主语“restaurant”（即it）正在被装修；参考主句谓语动词“went”时态可知，该空从句谓语动词decorate应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故选D项。
7．C
【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：当Mitch发现莫瑞身患重病，身体越来越虚弱时，他开始每周二去Morrie家看望他。由by可知，句子用被动语态，句子表示“Mitch发现莫瑞身患重病，身体越来越虚弱”，也就是正在变弱，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，即is/are being done，Morrie是单数，因此空格处是is being weakened。故选C。
8．B
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你找工作的事情怎么样了？——说实话，我还在犹豫是否接受人才市场上给我提供的职位。根据句子语境可知，我是找工作的，所以应该是：我被提供工作，主语I与offer之间为被动关系，句中需要被动语态，根据上下文，被提供工作是在过去，所以本句用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
9．D
【详解】考查动词。句意：未来几年将采取各种措施促进经济发展。由句中时间状语in the years ahead“在今后几年”表示动作发生在将来，可知，此处动词应为一般将来时，主语measures和动词take为被动关系，所以应为一般将来时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
10．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他第一次到这里并且现在到了他被带领参观的时候了。空格1在句中作谓语，固定句型It is the first time （that）...意为“第一次做某事”，结构中that从句应用现在完成时；空格2在that从句中作谓语，It is high time that...为虚拟语气句型，意为“到了做某事的时候”，结构中that从句应用一般过去时表示虚拟，由于that从句中主语he和show之间是动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B项。
11．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：听到这条消息，7双眼睛盯着他。短语fasten/focus/fix one’s eyes on“盯着……”，此处为被动语态，故选B。
12．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：他的妹妹1998年离家，从此杳无音讯。根据句意和时间状语ever since可知，此处应用现在完成时，且动词短语hear of和主语之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
13．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论。worth后应是及物动词的动名词形式，pay attention to“注意”，to为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为suggest，从句中应用虚拟语气(should) do结构，主语problem与discuss是被动关系，故用be discussed，故选A项。
14．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：第29届奥运会宣布开幕的那一刻，全世界都为之欢呼。分析句子可知，declare(宣布)是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语the 29th Olympic Games之间是被动关系，结合句意，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态，复数形式。故选D项。
15．B
【详解】考查主谓一致和固定搭配。句意：这些伤员被送到医院后，逐渐苏醒了过来。“the＋形容词”表示“一类具有某种形容词特性的人”，作主语时，后面的谓语动词用复数形式；且主语“伤员”与谓语动词rush“匆忙运送”为被动逻辑关系，come to life为固定搭配，意为：苏醒过来。故选B项。
16．A
【详解】考查动词的语态。句意：预见隐患犹如防患一半。句子主语和avoid之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，空前已有系动词，所以空处填过去分词，即avoided。故选A。
17．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和语态。句意：他的建议被世界许多地方的人所采纳。A. adopting采纳；收养；B. adopted采纳；收养；C. adapted改编；调整；D. adapting改编；调整。句子主语His suggestion与采纳之间为被动关系，此处应用过去分词形式构成现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
18．C
【详解】考查语态。句意：据估计，这项工程将持续三年。此处考查固定句型：It is estimated that意为“据估计”。故选C项。
19．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：马上删掉短信。到目前为主，很多人被这样的诡计所欺骗。根据时间状语“up to now”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且many a man与take in之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动，且many a+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数，故选D。
20．B
【详解】考查条件状语从句和被动语态。句意：如果这瓶煤气着火了，整栋楼都可能被烧成灰烬。分析句子可知，此处为连词if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主情从现原则，在if从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，故A、D两项错误；在主句中burn和the whole building之间是被动关系，故应用被动语态。故选B项。
21．A
【详解】考查插入语和被动语态。句意：你认为什么时候女性第一次被允许参加奥运会？分析句子结构，do you suppose为插入语，置于特殊疑问词之后，插入语后句子应使用陈述语气，且women和allow之间为动宾关系，要使用被动语态。综上，故答案为A。
22．A
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——你今天为什么不骑自行车？——哦，它坏了。现在正在修理。It指代bicycle，与repair之间存在着逻辑上的“动宾关系”，应用被动语态，且时间状语为now，所以使用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A项。
23．C
【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：他的私人博物馆和他的艺术收藏品作为礼物赠送给了这个国家。together with连接两个并列的主语时，遵循就远原则，谓语动词的形式和较远的主语保持一致，本句和private museum保持一致，且主语和offer之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，故选C。
24．B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在开幕式上表演。主语与谓语构成被动关系，描述过去发生的动作用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语后接介词短语as well as不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定，即应用单数。故选B。
25．A
【详解】考查虚拟语态。句意：我的建议是，更多各行各业的人们被鼓励用他们对这些孩子更深的爱来资助这个项目。suggestion后的表语that从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省。且主语people与encourage是被动关系，故选A。
26．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人要求尽快改善那个地区的工作条件。It was demanded that...里It是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，因此空格处是被动语态should be improved，should可省略，故选D。
27．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我的洗衣机这个星期正在修理，所以我得用手洗衣服。本处表达的是洗衣机这星期正在修理中，故用现在进行时；washing machine与repair之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；故选C项。
28．B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这是中国第一次在轨道运行的中国空间站上发表演讲。此处为句型it was the first time that+过去完成时，且从句主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
29．B
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——我们学校下周将举行运动会。你想参加哪项运动？——跳远和跳高。我擅长跳跃运动。由时间状语next week可知，事情发生在将来，所以设空处对应时态应为一般将来时。因为sports meet和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，所以此处hold应用被动语态。故选B项。
30．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词以及状语从句中的省略。句意：所有的规定都适用于高三学生，除非另有说明。从句意和句子结构可知unless 引导的条件状语从句的主语与主句主语“regulations”一致，“regulations”与“state”（解释，说明）之间是被动关系且从句为一般现时，即“unless they are otherwise stated”。当从句主语与主句主语一致，且谓语动词为be动词时，主语和be动词可以省略。故选B。
31．D
【详解】考查时态、语态。句意：蒸汽机是用来拉车厢的，有烟雾和噪音，对乘客来说一定是相当不舒服的。陈述过去的动作用一般过去时态；设空处为谓语动词，主语Steam engines 为复数，与动词use之间为动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且助动词为were。故选D项。
32．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：今后几年将作出各种努力来保护环境。句中时间状语in the years ahead表示“在今后几年”，表示动作发生在将来，句子应用一般将来时，make与主语efforts之间是被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态，即will be made。故选D项。
33．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：苏州市市长说，亚运会的所有建设工作将在本月底前完成。选项词“complete”（完成）与句子主语“all construction work”之间是被动关系；根据该句时间状语“ by the end of this month”（到本月底），可知该句要用将来完成时。所以该处要填将来完成时的被动语态。故选D项。
34．A
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据报道，目前许多方舱医院在上海正被盖起来。many a +名词的单数形式作主语，谓语动词使用单数，故排除A、B项，又从时间状语 at present可得知与现在有关，表示现在正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，且主语shelter hospital与谓语build是被动关系，用被动语态，故选A。
35．D
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：——你觉得你去海滨小镇的旅行怎么样？——一切都很美妙，尤其是它的新鲜空气，呼吸起来很舒服。which引导非限制性定语从句指代先行词its fresh air，sth. be adj. + to do，breathe用动词不定式（to do）主动形式表被动形式。故选D项。
36．B
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于化石燃料是不可持续的，目前正在使用替代能源，如阳光、风和水。根据句意和时间状语currently“目前”可知，此空要用现在进行时；句子主语为alternative energy，其后附件加成分“such as sunlight, wind and water”不影响主语的人称和数，energy是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；综上，谓语动词employ用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B项。
37．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在唐代，她那圆润的身材一定被认为是令人倾慕的形象。根据句意及时间状语“in the Tang Dynasty”可知，此处表示对过去事情的推测。因主语her round figure与动词consider是被动关系，因此应使用被动语态，“must have done”表示对过去事实的肯定推测，意为“过去一定……”。故选D。
38．C
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：《爱丽丝梦游仙境》自从被翻译成不同的语言以来，激发了全世界几代人的想象力和创造力。since引导的时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时，it与translate之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
39．A
【详解】考查语态和主谓一致。句意：年有大量的食物被捐赠给慈善机构。donate sth. to sb.捐赠某物给某人，根据主语Quantities of food 可知，用被动语态，其被动形式为 sth. be donated to sb. quantities of +名词，在句中作主语时，其谓语动词一律用复数。故选A。
40．D
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我想知道为什么罗伯特还没有出现在采访中。 如果他错过了，那就太可惜了。 ——我不确定，但他可能是在这里骑车时被堵车了。A. could be stuck可能堵车了；B. should be stuck应该堵车了；C. must have been stuck一定是堵车了；D. might have been stuck可能堵车了。此处表示对于过去已经发生的事情的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，且根据句意可知，应用被动语态，故选D项。
41．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到津巴布韦去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。
42．B
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的许多年里，由于农业、森林砍伐和其他发展，大熊猫被赶出了曾经生活过的低地。分析可知，空格处为谓语，动词drive和主语the giant panda之间是被动关系，根据句意和时间状语In the past many years，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
43．B
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在他们为期一周的逗留的最后一天，约翰和他的朋友们被邀请到北岸一个美丽的农场，在星空下听一场私人音乐会。当主语后接介词短语as well as并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和介词短语前的主语保持一致。本句中主语John, as well as his friends与谓语invite构成被动关系，结合语境可知为一般过去时的被动语态，且与John保持一致，用单数。故选B。
44．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：亚里士多德建议教师系统地引导学生，重复是培养好习惯的关键工具，而不是苏格拉底强调通过提问来引出自己的想法。分子句子结构可知，proposed表示“建议”，后面是两个并列的宾语从句，从句谓语动词使用 (should) do，should可以省略，排除A项和B项；repetition和use为被动关系，需用被动语态，排除C项。故选D。
45．D
【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：—我们想坐在窗户边的桌子。—不好意思，已经有人坐了。根据时间状语“already”和句意可推测句子要用现在完成时；分析句子可知，空格处在句子中作谓语。主语it代指“the table near the window”，与动词take之间为被动关系。故此处用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数has。故选D项。
46．B
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：学校有300台电脑，其中四分之三是由希望工程提供的。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文has可知为一般现在时的被动语态；且主语为 three fourths of them，“分数或百分数＋of＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词形式要以of后面的名词而定，them是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故选B。
47．B
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1949年以来，建立了一大批高等院校。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文since 1949可知应用过去完成时的被动语态，且主语为A great number of colleges and universities，主语是复数名词，助动词用have，故选B。
48．C
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月我被派到村里去看看过去两年的计划是如何实施的。分析句子可知，空处缺少see的宾语从句的谓语，根据in the past two years可知，从句用完成时态，又根据was sent可知，“实施计划”在“被派去”之前完成，用过去完成时，且plan（计划）与carry out（执行）构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态（had been done）。故选C项。
49．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的三年里，不止一本关于太空探索的书在世界各地出版。根据时间状语“Over the past 3 years”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语 more than one book和publish为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为more than one book，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
50．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：1913年，弗罗斯特的第一本诗集《男孩的遗嘱》由一家著名出版社出版，后来获得了巨大成功。A. have been published 已经被出版（现在完成时态的被动语态）；B. has been published 已经被出版（现在完成时态的被动语态）；C.   were published 被出版 （一般过去时态的被动语态）；D. was published 被出版 （一般过去时态的被动语态）。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词，根据and后面的became可知，句子用一般过去时态。句子的主语和谓语动词之间为动宾关系，所以要用一般过去时态的被动语态。主语为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
51．A
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这些钱都没有花在无用的东西上。由时间状语so far可知，用现在完成时，主语none of the money与谓语动词spend是被动关系，且主语none指代不可数名词money，故谓语动词用单数，故选A。
52．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在澳大利亚发现的黄金使成千上万的人相信会发财。因为主句为一般过去时，所以从句用过去时态。fortune 这里表示财富，因为在澳大利亚发现金子，所以在那里“将会”发财，所以应用be to do sth.“将要做某事”，表示将来。且fortunate与make构成被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
53．D
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：马克是个天才。到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
54．D
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：她是我们班正在为即将到来的运动会接受训练的女孩之一。根据后文now可知应用现在进行时，且定语从句修饰先行词girls，从句谓语动词与先行词保持一致，与谓语动词构成被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语应用复数形式，故选D。
55．A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：那些报道新闻的人应该说一口流利的英语。结合定语从句谓语report用一般现在时可知，主句也在陈述事实，所以主句为一般现在时，主语Those与谓语expect是被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故选A项。
56．A
【详解】考查动词。句意：在今天的大雪之后，许多道路仍然被堵塞。分析句子结构可知，本句使用了一般现在时的被动语态，blocked此处使用的是动词的含义，意为“阻塞，堵塞”，故选择A项。
57．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：所有被指控杀害受保护动物的人将在五天内被判刑。分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，从句缺少谓语动词。表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响，所以用现在完成时。定语从句中先行词为 people，与charge之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
58．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：明天会议上要讨论的问题真的很难解决。分析可知，此处为常用句型：sb./sth.+ adj.+ to do“某人/某事......”，solve和problem是逻辑动宾关系，用主动表被动。故选D。
59．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：——先生，窗户都漆成白色了。——嗯。你做得很好。主语the windows是复数，且与paint之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选D。
60．C
【详解】考查定语从句和动词短语。句意：过了一会儿，他意识到他处于被人利用的处境中。分析句子可知，第一空是定语从句，先行词为表示抽象地点的situation （处境），在定语从句中作地点状语,用where或in which引导；第二空，make use of利用，用的是被动语态，故用made use of，故选C项。
61．B
【详解】考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：他所有的注意力都集中在老师说的话上，所以他甚至没有注意到教室外面正在发生的事情。动词fix意为“固定”，和主语attention构成被动关系。根据“so he even didn't notice what was happening outside the classroom”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。
62．C
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：预计将有一股冷锋到来， 因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。时间状语从句中谓语动词expect和主语a cold front之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），从而排除B和D； 根据“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，时间状语从句中应用一般现在时，从而排除A。故选D项。
63．A
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——请问，玛格丽特·米切尔的《飘》现在有吗? ——对不起，这个卖得太好了，我们店里没有了。根据句意可知，该句表示现在的状态，所以应用一般现在时态，故可排除C、D两项。选项中所给词“sell(卖)”在与well等副词连用的时候，描绘主语的特性或自然属性，即“（这本书）卖得好”，此时用作不及物动词，只有主动形式，综上，故选A。
64．C
【详解】考查宾语从句的语序。句意：直到最近几年，科学家和教师才开始了解学习障碍以及如何处理它们。空格处与前面的“learning disabilities”并列均作understand的宾语，宾语从句要用陈述语序，且deal with和how连用，do with和what连用，故选C。
65．C
【详解】考查动词时态，被动和固定短语。句意：一生致力于野生动物研究的贝克教授下周有望在我们学校发表演讲。A. has devoted to致力于；投身于（现在完成时）；is supposed应该是（一般现在时被动）；B. is devoted to专心于/致力于……的（一般现在时被动）；will be supposed应该是（一般将来时被动）；C. has been devoted to专心于/致力于……的（现在完成时被动）；is supposed应该是（一般现在时被动）；D. had devoted to致力于；投身于（过去完成时）；will be supposed应该是（一般将来时被动）。分析可知，“who _________ the research of wild animals all his life”为之前主语“Professor Baker”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，即引导词“who”，且动词“devote”是及物动词，之后必须有宾语，结合从句主语和空后“the research of wild animals”可知，应是被动结构，即“sb.be devoted to sth”结构表达“某人致力于某事”含义，且“all his life”提示为现在完成时，即：has been devoted to；“be supposed to do...”，固定短语，为被动结构，表示“应该、理应”之意，在表示将来应该要做某事时，多用一般现在时。故选C项。
66．C
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态、语态。句意：世界人口总数约60亿，因此每年产生大量垃圾。第一空是谓语动词，句子是一般现在时，the number of表示“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故第一空填totals；根据第二空后的each year可知，后一个分句应用一般现在时，且主语waste和动词produce之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语由large quantities of修饰，故be动词用are。故选C项。
67．B
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：——你很兴奋。有什么事吗？——我已经被接受为即将到来的冬季奥运会的志愿者。表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，且主语I与谓语动词accept构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
68．B
【详解】考查情态动词和语态。句意：一项研究发现，水可能是在太阳系诞生后的头两百万年被带到我们的星球上的。A. might be brought情态动词might加被动语态一般式； B. may have been brought 情态动词may加被动语态的完成时； C. could be brought 情态动词can加被动语态一般式； D. should have been brought情态动词should加被动语态的完成时。对于地球上水的起源的研究都是依据某些线索进行推测，没有确切的答案，情态动词表推测may                    和might较为合适；对过去情况的推测应使用情态动词+ 完成时have done，主语water和谓语动词bring为被动关系。故选B项。
69．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：最紧迫的是，由于新冠肺炎确诊病例越来越多，美国所有的商店都应该关闭。在固定句型it is urgent that sb./sth. (should) do sth.(做……是很紧迫的)中，that所引导的主语从句要用(should) do这一虚拟语气结构；主语all the shops和谓语colse之间是被动关系，所以此处为(should) be closed。故选C。
70．D
【详解】考查时态和语态。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语works之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故选D。