高考英语单项选择专项训练：虚拟语气

这是一份高考英语单项选择专项训练：虚拟语气，共19页。
单项选择
1．It is recommended that all citizens ________ in creating a civilized (文明的) city together.
A．can be involved B．be involved C．should involve D．are involved
2．They insisted that she________.
A．be invited B．was invited C．will be invited D．invite
3．Had he studied harder, he ______ the exam last week.
A．passed B．would pass
C．would have passed D．must have passed
4．It was required________ we________ at least another two experiments to make sure th machine function well.
A．l; did B．that; do
C．that; did D．should do
5．My adviser recommended that I ________ advanced literature because l like English and I’m good at it.
A．sign up for B．signed up for C．had signed up for D．has signed up for
6．The party last night was so embarrassing. I wish I ___________.
A．was not invited B．would not be invited
C．had not been invited D．should not have been invited
7．He sincerely requested that he ________ of the latest situation.
A．be informed B．was informed C．informed D．inform
8．It is natural that the prominent actress ________ charged with tax evasion.
A．were B．would have been C．may have been D．should have been
9．—Was it not until the pandemic erupted ________ you were reminded how much a strong body meant?
—Yes, what a pity! I ________ it earlier.
A．and; should realize B．that; can’t realize
C．and; can’t realize D．that; should have realized
10．It is my suggestion that the visit again.
A．will be arranged B．to be arranged C．should arrange D．be arranged
11．—I have heard that John wrote a long letter to the president.
—His uncle insisted that he ______it.
A．did B．had done C．do D．would do
12．He insisted what he did ______ right and the man who had spoken ill of him _____.
A．was; be punished B．be; was punished
C．was; was punished D．be; be punished
13．—I heard your journey was not very pleasant.
—But for the sudden rain we a wonderful time.
A．will have B．should have had
C．should have D．had
14．Without the help of my English teacher，I the first prize in the English Speaking Competition.
A．would win B．would have won
C．would not win D．would not have won
15．_____, I’d have told you.
A．If I would have known it
B．If I had have known it
C．Had I known it
D．Should I know it
16．—How do you find the health club?
—I would rather I ______ it. I feel its management is going from bad to worse.
A．haven’t joined B．hadn’t joined C．didn’t join D．don’t join
17．We insisted that the meaningless argument________.
A．should bring to an end
B．was brought to an end
C．might come to an end
D．come to an end
18．Johnson suggested the problem worth paying attention ________ at the meeting.
A．to be discussed B．to been discussed
C．being discussed D．should be discussed
19．He was determined that his children _____ to the best school available.
A．should go B．went C．ought to go D．would go
20．—Your sister nearly _____ all her spare time to her study during the three years.
—That’s right, or she ______ the first place in her school in the College Entrance Examination.
A．devoted; wouldn’t have taken B．spent; wouldn’t have taken
C．hadn’t devoted; hadn’t taken D．hadn’t spent; couldn’t take
21．________ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A．If were I B．I were C．Were I D．Was I
22．He insisted that he ________ nothing to do with the incident and it ________ thoroughly by the police.
A．had; be investigated B．should have; was investigated
C．would have; would be investigated D．have; was to investigated
23．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, ________ the event had happened only yesterday.
A．even if B．only if C．now that D．as if
24．The printer is of good quality. it break down within the first year，we would repair it at our expense.
A．Would B．Should
C．Could D．Might
25． his impeccable intellectual and social credentials, we wouldn’t have managed to get the grant.
A．If it weren’t for B．Had not it been for C．With the help of D．But for
26． enquiries and seek for reliable new-corporation logistics company for transloading, we would be glad to assist and append our best competitive rates to you.
A．If you had had B．Should you have C．But that you had D．You are to have
27．It is highly recommended that the general public ______ one-metre social distance to avoid any possible risk of getting infected.
A．keeps B．be kept C．must keep D．keep
28．Considering his state, Bob’s doctor suggests ________for a few weeks.
A．him to rest B．he resting
C．he rest D．he must rest
29．It is strongly recommended that parents ________ guide their children in a right direction while they are surfing the Internet.
A．could B．must C．should D．would
30．There is an increased demand that more organic food________to improve the quality of life.
A．produce B．be produced C．to produce D．being produced
31．It _____ that every student _____ for at least 30 minutes every day.
A．is recommended, work out B．recommends, works out
C．is recommended, works out D．is recommending, work out
32．It is strongly recommended that the date ________ by two days.
A．should advance B．be advanced
C．has been advanced D．is advanced
33．I advised that he ________ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ________ quite well then.
A．was sent; felt B．be sent; was feeling
C．be sent; feel D．should be sent; should feel
34．If he had not gone out in the storm, he ________ alive now.
A．will be B．would be C．would have been D．is
35．All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ___ badly wounded and that he ___ at once.
A．shouldn’t be; be operated on B．were; must be operated on
C．was; should be operated D．was; be operated on
36．His suggestion, according to the article he wrote for the Post, is that organic farming ________ to guarantee the quality of both plants and the soil.
A．be adopted B．is adjusted
C．should be adapted D．can be attained
37．A police spokesman said if the man had gone much further in opening the letter, he _________ killed.
A．may be B．could have been C．would be D．should have been
38．I ________ have finished the report without your timely help. Thank you so much!
A．could B．couldn’t C．must D．mustn’t
39．At the routine office meeting, the headmaster insisted the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A．referred to being B．referred to be C．refer to being D．refer to be
40．A professor at the Academy has proposed that a fund _________ to raise money.
A．establishes B．established C．be established D．will establish
41．________ the traffic jam on the highway, we should have arrived at the stadium earlier.
A．In spite of B．Because of C．But for D．Due to
42．Sorry, I am too busy at the moment. If I ________free, I would certainly go for a walk with you.
A．have been B．had been C．am D．were
43．It was demanded that the working conditions in that area ________ as soon as possible.
A．must improve B．improve C．was improved D．be improved
44．Look at the situation I’m in. If only I ________ your advice earlier!
A．took B．would take C．had taken D．should take
45．The professor insisted that his solution________more practical and that we________it into practice as soon as possible.
A．was; put B．was; must put C．should be; put D．should be; put
46．--- I’ve told Jenny the truth about the new house.
---But I’d rather you ________.
A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t
47．—Lily looks hot and dry today.
—So ________ you if you had so high a fever.
A．do B．are C．will D．would
48．If the ambulance had come here sooner last night, the patient ________now.
A．will be alive B．will have been alive C．would have been alive D．would be alive
49．This digital camera is of fine quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should C．could D．might
50．________it rain this afternoon, the football match would be put off till next Friday.
A．Were B．Should C．Would D．Will
51．If you had told me in advance, I ________you up at the airport.
A．would pick B．should have picked C．would have picked D．will have picked
52．Some animals are in danger of dying out, so it is high time that the government ________ some measures to protect endangered animals.
A．take B．took C．has taken D．will take
53．_________ I _________ yesterday’s nucleic acid test, I _________ from traveling.
A．Had; taken; wouldn’t have been restricted B．Have; taken; wouldn’t be restricted
C．Did; take; wouldn’t be restricted D．Do; took; wouldn’t have been restricted.
54．Doctors recommended that a modern hospital ________.
A．being built B．be built C．should build D．build
55．The old saying that you should live each day________ it were your last________ true.
A．even if; still proves B．even if; is still proved
C．as if ; still proves D．as if ; is still proved
56．It was proposed that the house ________ as it had been when Lu Xun lived in it.
A．be preserved B．be preseving
C．would be preserved D．could preserve
57．— Come and join us, Ben!
— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go.
A．had B．will have C．have had D．have
58．The teacher requested that all the homework ________ before Friday.
A．should finish B．should be finished C．was finished D．finished
59．_______ the global pollution, he recommended everybody _______ the environmental protection cause.
A．In terms of; be devoted to B．As for; devoted to
C．Concerning; would be devoted to D．Apart from; should devote to
60．Scientists all agree that if he had actually touched the key, he _______ from the electric shock.
A．must have died B．should die C．would have died D．has been dead
61．—Could I borrow your Louis Armstrong record, please?
—I’d love to get it for you _____ I could remember who last borrowed it.
A．except that B．on condition C．if only D．now that
62．—Where have you been?
—I got caught in traffic; otherwise ________ sooner.
A．I would be here B．I have been here C．I had been here D．I would have been here
63．We were delayed at the airport. Otherwise we ______ here by lunchtime.
A．had been B．have been
C．should be D．would have been
64．The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ______ round the earth.
A．circles B．be circling C．is circling D．were circling
65．Had the calculations been done by hand, all practical value ______ by the time they were finished.
A．had lost B．would lose C．would have lost D．should have lost
66．The workers requested that their working conditions________.
A．must be improved B．be improved C．would be improved D．were improved
67．________ the fog, we should have reached our school.
A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for
68．He looked as if he ________ ill for a long time.
A．was B．were C．has been D．had been
69．The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential ________for that.
A．for us to be prepared B．that we are prepared
C．of us to be prepared D．our being prepared
70．It is recommended that the machine ______ once a year.
A．must be checked B．was checked C．is checked D．be checked







参考答案：
1．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议全体公民共同参与建设文明城市。表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；此处为短语be involved in(参与)。故选B。
2．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他们坚持要邀请她。分析句子结构可知，insist作“坚持”讲时，其后宾语从句用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略，主语she和invite间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故选A项。
3．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他学习再努力一点，他就能通过考试了。句中Had he studied harder是一种省略倒装的形式，相当于If he had studied harder，是虚拟语气的用法，与过去事实相反，从句中用的是过去完成时，主句用would +have +过去分词。故选C。
4．B
【详解】考查固定句型和虚拟语气。句意：我们至少要再做两次实验，以确保机器运转良好。句型it be required that表示“要求……”，且that从句使用虚拟语气，即该从句的谓语动词由“should + 动词原形”构成，should也可以省略。故选B。
5．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我的导师建议我报高级文学课，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。在recommend后的宾语从句中应用（should）do虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。
6．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：昨晚的聚会太尴尬了。我希望我没有被邀请。根据句意可知，wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反，因此谓语时态使用过去完成时，且主语I与invite之间为被动关系，故使用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
7．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他真诚地要求被告知最新情况。结合语意可知，空处应用短语be informed of，表示“被告知”，句中request表示“要求”，后边的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略，即be informed。故选A。
8．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位著名女演员被指控逃税是很自然的。在“It is important (necessary, strange, impossible, natural) that…”句型中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形。且charge与actress构成被动关系，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，为现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。
9．D
【详解】考查强调句型和虚拟语气。句意：—直到疫情爆发，你才意识到强壮的身体有多重要？—是啊，真可惜！我早该意识到的。分析句子可知，问句是强调句结构it is/was not until...that...“正是直到……才……”的一般疑问句，故第一个空处填that；由语境可知，答句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应用should/would/could...+have done结构，故填should have realized。故选D。
10．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法和被动语态。句意：我建议重新安排这次访问。分析句子可知，suggestion表示“建议”时所引导的同位语从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为：（should）+动词原形。由句意可知，本句谓语应该用被动语态形式，即be arranged。故选D项。
11．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我听说约翰给总统写了一封长信。——他叔叔坚持要他做这件事。句中的insist意为“坚持要求”之意，因此宾语从句应用should +动词原形的虚拟语气形式，should可以省略。故选C。
12．A
【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他做的事是对的，坚决要求处罚说他坏话的人。insist当“坚持说(认为)”解时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气；作“坚决要求(主张)”解时，从句要用虚拟语气(should) do。故选A。
13．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我听说你的旅途不太愉快。——要不是突然下起了雨，我们会玩得很开心的。由语境可知，该句应是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，应用would/should/could...＋have done结构。故选B。
14．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有英语老师的帮助，我不会在英语演讲比赛中获取第一名。根据句意可知，空格处谓语动词应使用would (not) have done形式，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气形式，即“如果没有英语老师的帮助（实际他/她给予我很大帮助），我不会获奖”，故选D。
15．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气的倒装。句意：如果我知道这件事，我早就告诉你了。结合句意可知，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词需要用had done的形式；在if型的虚拟语气中，当谓语动词有were、had、should等词时，可以将if省略，C项省略了if，并将were、had、should提前，为虚拟语气的倒装形式。故选C项。
16．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——您如何找到健身俱乐部？——我宁愿我没有加入它。我觉得它的管理越来越糟。分析句子可知，此处考查“would rather+从句”结构中的虚拟语气，结合句意可知，此处表示的是与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词应使用过去完成时态。故选B项。
17．D
【详解】考查宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意为：我们坚决要求停止无意义的争论。A. should bring to an end应该使……终止；B. was brought to an end被终止；C. might come to an end可能结束；D. come to an end结束。insist表示“坚决要求”，其后的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气，谓语动词应为should＋动词原形，should可省略，不及物动词短语come to an end，符合句意。故选D项。
18．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰逊建议这个值得注意的问题在会上讨论。worth后应是及物动词的动名词形式，pay attention to“注意”，to为介词不能省去；主句中的谓语动词为suggest，从句中应用虚拟语气(should) do结构，主语problem与discuss是被动关系，故用be discussed，故选A项。
19．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他决心让孩子们去最好的学校。分析句子结构和意思可知，that引导的是determine后的宾语从句，从句谓语常用should do，should可省的虚拟语气结构。故选A。
20．A
【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：——你姐姐三年以来几乎把所有的时间都放在专心学习上了。——对，不然她也不可能高考全校第一名。devote sth. to为固定短语“专心于做某事”，符合空后to的题干提示；spend sth. on sth./ in doing sth.表示“在某事上花费（时间或金钱）”，故排除B、D项。第二空由空前or可知考查虚拟语气，结合句意可知，高考已经考完了，此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，需要用could/should/would/might + have done的形式。故选A项。
21．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我要做这工作，我就改天再做。在虚拟条件句中如果有were/should/had这三个词，可将从属连词if省略，将were/should/had置于主语前，改写为“were/should/had +主语”形式。结合句意和主句可知，“___ to do the work”是虚拟条件句，其完整句子为“If I were to to do the work”，可改写为“Were I to do the work”。故选C项。
22．A
【详解】考查 insist的用法。句意：他坚持说他与此事无关，并要求警方彻底调查此事。动词insist之后接宾语从句时，如果insist表示“坚持说；坚持认为”，从句所指的内容通常已经发生，从句的谓语动词一般用陈述语气，如果表示“坚持要；一定要”，从句所指一般是尚未实现的内容，从句的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形的结构。结合句意空①表示“坚持说；坚持认为”，主句谓语动词为一般过去时，所以空①谓语动词应用一般过去时，空②表示“坚持要；一定要”，谓语动词应用虚拟语气且it与investigate之间为被动关系，应用should be investigated的形式，should可以省略。故选A项。
23．D
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：童年的记忆如此清晰地回到我身边，仿佛这件事才发生在昨天。A. even if 即使；B. only if只有；C. now that 既然；D. as if好像。分析句子可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示“好像”应为as if引导的是方式状语从句。故选D项。
24．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这台打印机质量很好。如果购买后第一年之内出现故障，我们将免费为您维修。根据句意可知，该空格处表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气形式，为“should+主语+动词原形+其他成分”的倒装形式，且表示该假设的情况发生几率不大。故选B。
25．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有他卓越的才智和社会资历，我们就无法获得资助。由“we wouldn’t have managed to get the grant.”可知，这里考查虚拟语气，此空可用Had it not been for或者But for表示与过去事实相反的假设。故选D项。
26．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果您有查询并寻求可靠的新公司物流公司进行转运，我们将很高兴协助并附上我们最具竞争力的价格给您。根据“we would be glad to assist and append our best competitive rates to you.”可知，设空处是与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时。故选A。
27．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议公众保持一米社交距离，以避免任何可能的感染风险。分析句子可知，句子为主语从句，“It”为形式主语，“that”引导的从句作真正的主语，“recommended”意为“建议”，此时从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”，“should”可省略，故空格处应填“keep”。故选D项。
28．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：考虑到鲍勃的情况，医生建议他休息几个星期。表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。句中“______for a few weeks.”是suggest后省略连词that的宾语从句，用虚拟语气：(should) +原形动词，C项中省略了should。故选C项。
29．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们强烈建议家长在子女浏览互联网时，应引导子女正确的方向。A. could能够；B. must必须；一定；C. should应该；D. would将会。It is recommended that+句子，固定句型，表示“建议……”，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，该句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，故选C。
30．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：人们越来越需要生产更多的有机食品来提高生活质量。There is an increased demand that 为同位语从句，从句用虚拟语气，应该用(should)+动词原形，主语more organic food与谓语produce为被动关系，用被动语态。故选B项。
31．A
【详解】考查主语从句和虚拟语气。句意：建议每个学生每天至少锻炼30分钟。it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故选A。
32．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：强烈建议将日期提前两天。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句，句中的recommend意为“建议”，所以后面that从句中的谓语动词应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且从句的主语the date和谓语动词advance之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。故选B项。
33．B
【详解】考查宾语从句、虚拟语气和时态。句意：我建议他立马被送到医院去，但是他坚持说他那时感觉很好。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空是advised后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，advise是“建议”的意思，从句谓语要用should do的虚拟语气结构，should可以省略，从句主语he和谓语动词send是被动关系，要用被动结构(should) be done；第二个空是insisted后面的宾语从句的谓语动词，insisted是“坚持说”的意思，从句谓语要用真实的时态，句中有时间状语then，谓语要用过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was。故选B。
34．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他没有在暴风雨中出去，他现在还活着。分析可知，本句为错综时间虚拟条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反用would+do/be。故选B。
35．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医院里所有的医生都坚持认为他伤势严重，坚决主张应该立即给他动手术。insist表示“坚持认为、坚持说”时，其引导的从句，表示已经发生或已经存在的状态，用陈述语序；insist表示“坚决要求、坚决主张”时，从句用虚拟语气。第一个空格处指“坚持认为”，需用陈述语气，时态为一般过去时；第二个空格处指“坚决主张”需用虚拟语气should+动词原形，主语he与动词operate之间为被动，需用被动语态。故选C项。
36．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析和虚拟语气。句意：根据他为《华盛顿邮报》撰写的文章，他的建议是，应该采用有机农业，以保证植物和土壤的质量。A. adopt采取；B. adjust调整；C. adapt适应；D. attain获得。根据“organic farming”可知此处表示“被采用”，suggestion、advice等名词后的表语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词。故选A项。
37．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一名警方发言人表示，如果这名男子在打开信的时候走得更远，他可能会被杀死。此处表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，if条件句使用过去完成时，主句谓语动词使用could/might/should/would have done，排除A项和C项，结合句意“可能会被杀”应用could have been，should表示“应该”。故选B。
38．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：没有你的及时帮助，我是不可能完成报告的。非常感谢！分析句子可知，本句涉及without虚拟语气的用法，根据句意可知，本句是对过去情况的虚拟，表示与过去事实相反时，谓语动词应为would/could/might (not) have done sth.，结合句意可知，空处应为couldn’t have finished，表示“本不可能完成”。故选B项。
39．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词，虚拟语气。句意：在办公室例行会议上，校长坚持要特别注意提到的问题。分析句子成分可知，“insisted”后为宾语从句，因为“insist”词义为“坚持要求”时，引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为“the problems”，所以谓语动词应为(should) be done；“refer to”词义为“涉及，提到”，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词“the problems”。故选B。
40．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：学院的一位教授建议设立一个基金来筹集资金。动词proposed作为“建议”之意，后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should +动词原形，should可以省略。 a fund与establish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选C。
41．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是高速公路上的交通堵塞，我们本应该早点到达体育场的。A. In spite of尽管；B. Because of因为；C. But for要不是；D. Due to因为，由于。根据句中“we should have arrived at the stadium earlier”可知，此处使用了和过去事实相反情况的虚拟语气，四个选项只有but for表示“如果没有”是含蓄虚拟语气的标志词。故选C。
42．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我现在有空的话，我肯定会和你一起出去散步。根据句意以及句中的at the moment可知，此处表示对现在情况的一种假设，所以从句中谓语动词要用过去式，be动词用were。故选D。
43．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：有人要求尽快改善那个地区的工作条件。It was demanded that...里It是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，从句中应用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，因此空格处是被动语态should be improved，should可省略，故选D。
44．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：看看我现在的处境。要是我早点听你的劝告就好了！分析句子，句中if only意为“要是……该多好”，此处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故使用过去完成时。故选C。
45．A
【详解】考查时态和虚拟语态。句意：教授坚认为他的解决方案更实用，并坚持我们应尽快付诸实践。结合句意，第一空insist表示“坚持说”，主句为一般过去时，其后宾语从句也用一般过去时；第二空insist表示“坚持认为”，其后宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省，故选A。
46．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我已经告诉珍妮关于新房子的真相了。——但是我宁愿你没有告诉她。根据句意可知，I’d rather that...从句中的内容表示与过去事实相反，所以应该用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用过去完成时had done，hadn’t后面省略了told Jenny the truth about the new house。故选B项。
47．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——莉莉今天看起来很燥热。——如果你发这么高的烧，你也会的。根据句意可知，第二个人说的话是与现在事实相反的假设，所以，应该用虚拟语气，同时空格处又是该句子的主句，谓语动词应该用would do。故选D项。
48．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果救护车昨晚早点来的话，病人现在可能还活着。由语意可知，昨晚救护车来得晚了一些，所以病人没有得到及时救治，因此现在病人没有得救。本句是错综条件句，主句与现在事实相反，故用would/could do结构，故应为would be alive。故选D项。
49．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这架数码相机质量很好。如果在一年内坏了，我们将免费修理。根据句意可知，该题是考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。if虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去式或were to do或should+动词原形。故选B项。
50．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果今天下午下雨，足球赛将推迟到下星期五。根据句意和句中的would可知，该题是考查的是与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，逗号前面应该是一个虚拟条件句if it should rain this afternoon。在if引导的虚拟条件句中如果有should，可以将if省略，同时将should提到句首构成倒装。故选B项。
51．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你提前告诉我，我就会去机场接你了。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/would have done，从句用过去完成时。故选C。
52．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：一些动物有灭绝的危险，所以是时候采取一些措施来保护濒危动物了。It is high time that....表示“是该做某事的时候了”，从句谓语用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”，should不能省略，因此空格处是took，故选B。
53．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法。句意：如果昨天做了核酸检测，我就不会被限制出行了。分析句子结构以及句意可知，该句为if引导的虚拟语气句型，结合时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事实相反的虚拟语气，因此条件状语从句原句应为“If I had taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，又因从句中有助动词had，可以省略连词if，将助动词had置于句首，改为“Had I taken yesterday’s nucleic acid test”，同时，主句中用“情态动词+现在完成时”。故选A项。
54．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议建造一所现代化医院。recommend表示建议，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略，且build与hospital构成被动关系。故选B。
55．C
【详解】考查连词和谓语动词。句意：老生常谈所说的“你应该把每一天都当作你的最后一天”这句话仍然是真的。空1：根据句意可知，此处意为“好像”，应用连词as if；空2：本句中the old saying做主语，为第三人称单数，空处谓语动词，prove通常不用被动语态，且此处陈述事实，故应用一般现在时的主动语态。故选C。
56．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有人建议把这所房子保存成鲁迅居住时的样子。propose表示“建议”，其后宾语从句中应使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略；分析句子可知，“that the house ________ as it had been when Lu Xun lived in it.”是宾语从句，从句谓语动词preserve与主语the house是被动关系，应用被动语态should be preserved，结合选项，省略should后保留be preserved。
57．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——来加入我们吧，本!——恐怕不行。我现在太忙了。如果我有时间，我一定去。结合空后“I would certainly go.”可知，此处使用了if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，其结构为：If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were)+其它，主语+would/could…+动词原形+其它；由此可知，空处需用动词的一般过去时。故选A。
58．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求所有的作业必须在星期五之前完成。request后跟宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可以省略，此处finish与homework构成被动关系。故选B。
59．A
【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：关于全球污染问题，他建议大家致力于环境保护事业。in terms of“就……而言”，as for“关于，至于”，concerning“考虑到，鉴于”，apart from“除了……外”；根据句意可知，空格一处涉及固定短语“in terms of…”，意为“关于……，就……而言”；空格二所在句为“that”引导的宾语从句，省略了“that”，句中“recommended”意为“建议”，其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”，“should”可省略，“be devoted to…”意为“致力于……”，句中表示“致力于环境保护事业”，故空格二应填“be devoted to”。故选A项。
60．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：科学家们一致认为，如果他真的碰了钥匙，他就会死于电击。结合上文 if he had actually touched the key可知与过去事实相反：主句用would (should, could, might) +have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时。故选C。
61．C
【详解】考查从属连词和虚拟语气。句意：——我可以借你的路易斯·阿姆斯特朗的唱片吗？——如果我记得上一次是谁借的，我很乐意拿给你。A. except that除……之外；B. on condition只要；C. if only要是……就好了；D. now that既然、由于。根据句意可知，借给对方唱片的前提条件是记得被谁拿走了，事实却不记得，此处为与现实相反的假设，可以用if only/on condition that句型，表示虚拟的情况。故选C项。
62．D
【详解】考查含蓄条件句和虚拟语气。句意：——你上哪儿去了？——我遇上了交通堵塞；否则我早就来了。结合句意可知，“otherwise”相当于一个含蓄条件句，意思是“如果我没有遇上交通堵塞”，是对过去事实的假设，主句中应用虚拟语气，谓语动词应用“should/would/could/might+have+过去分词”。故选D项。
63．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们在机场被延误了。否则我们在午饭时间就会到这里了。本句是一个有otherwise(否则，要不然)的含蓄虚拟条件句，结合“were delayed”可知，此处表示对过去事情的虚拟，主句部分的谓语构成是：would/should/could/might+have+done。故选D。
64．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：太阳从东方升起，从西方落下，所以看起来好像太阳绕着地球转。分析句子结构可知，as if引导的表语从句使用了虚拟语气，原句为“the sun is circling round the earth”，在虚拟语气中，be动词常用were，表示与现在事实相反。故选D。
65．C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果这些计算是手工完成的，那么到计算完成时，所有的实用价值都将丧失。 根据句意及“Had the calculations been done by hand”可知，此题涉及到省略if的条件状语从句的虚拟语气；根据“had been done”可知，该句是对过去情况的虚拟，所以主句要用would/coould/should/might have done；根据句意，此处意指“实用价值就会丧失”。故选C项。
66．B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们要求改善他们的工作条件。根据题干中的requested可知，表示建议、要求等动词后的宾语从句中应该用虚拟语气，所以此处应该用should+动词原形，should可以省略，再分析句意应该用被动语态，所以用should be improved且should可以省略。故选B项。
67．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。A.Because of由于，因为；B.In spite of 尽管；C.In case of以防，万一；D.But for 要不是，but for通常用于含蓄条件句中，相当于if条件句的用法，主句中使用虚拟语气。根据后句“we should have reached our school（我们本应该到了学校）”可知，要不是大雾，我们本应该到了学校。故选D。
68．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他看上去好像病了很长时间。根据句意及句中的looked可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故选D项。
69．A
【详解】考查虚拟语气及固定句式。句意：开幕式是一个伟大的时刻。我们必须为此做好准备。A.for us to be prepared让我们做好准备；B.that we are prepared我们准备好了；C.of us to be prepared我们要做好准备；D.our being prepared我们做好准备。虚拟语气用于主语从句中，it is essential+that从句，从句的谓语动词应用（should）+动词原形，should可省略。故选项B不对；固定句式：it is+形容词+of/for sb +to do sth.而essential后面应用for。故选A。
70．D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每年对机器进行一次检查。根据句型和句意可知，这里考查it is recommended that+ 主语从句，在这个主语从句中要用虚拟语气， 动词形式为（should)+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。故选D项。