2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练习专题14-被动语态（教师版）

这是一份2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练习专题14-被动语态（教师版），共15页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，改写句子等内容，欢迎下载使用。

专题14-被动语态


一、单项选择
1．It’s said that tea _________ for the first time about 5,000 years ago.
A．drinks B．drank C．is drunk D．was drunk
【答案】D
【详解】句意：据说，茶在大约五千年前第一次被饮用。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“about 5,000 years ago”可知在五千年前，句子应用一般过去时。主语tea“茶”与动词drink“饮用”存在逻辑上的被动语态，即句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为：was/were+过去分词。tea为不可数名词，be动词应用was。故选D。
2．Some new schools ________ in our city next year.
A．are built B．were built C．will build D．will be built
【答案】D
【详解】句意：明年，一些新学校将会被建在我们的城市里。考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子的主语Some new schools和谓语动词build之间是被动关系，再结合“next year”可知该句应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为：will be built。故选D。
3．A speech on robots ________ in the school hall next Friday afternoon.
A．is given B．will be given
C．was given D．has been given
【答案】B
【详解】句意：下星期五下午将在学校礼堂举行一场关于机器人的演讲。 is given一般现在时的被动语态；will be given一般将来时的被动语态；was given一般过去时的被动语态；has been given现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“next Friday afternoon”下周五下午，可确定句子时态为一般将来时态；主语A speech on robots和动词give是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构是：will be +动词的过去分词。故选B。
4．Jenny is a responsible person. She ________ as the leader of our team a few days ago.
A．chooses B．chose C．is chosen D．was chosen
【答案】D
【详解】句意：珍妮是一个负责任的人。几天前，她被选为我们队伍的领导了。考查被动语态。分析句子结构可知，“she”和“choose”之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“a few days ago”，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
5．The exhibition ________ till next week if they can’t solve the lighting problems.
A．has put off B．will put off C．has been put off D．will be put off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：如果他们不能解决照明问题，展览将推迟到下周举行。考查动词时态和语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”和“next week”可知，主句用一般将来时，且主语The exhibition是动词put off的承受者，所以用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故选D。
6．Sometimes, Chinese Women Football Team ________ “Steel Roses” (铿锵玫瑰).
A．is called B．was called C．will be called D．will call
【答案】A
【详解】句意：有时中国女足队被称为“铿锵玫瑰”。根据“Sometimes”可知应用一般现在时；主语Chinese Women Football Team和谓语call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，一般现在时的被动语态结构为“be动词+动词过去分词”，故选A。
7．Look, the paper tiger looks very lovely. It ________ by my grandfather just now.
A．made B．is made C．has been made D．was made
【答案】D
【详解】句意：看，纸老虎看起来很可爱。它是我祖父刚才做的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语“just now”可知此句用一般过去时，排除B和C；由“It … by my grandfather just now.”可知主语和谓语动词是被动关系，用被动语态，故选D。
8．On February 24th, 2022,Winter Olympic Games(冬奥会) ________ in Beijing.
A．hold B．held C．is hold D．was held
【答案】D
【详解】句意：2022年2月24日，冬奥会在北京举行。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语是动作的承受者，结合“On February 24th, 2022”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
9．It is said that one Greater Bay Area university ______ in Guangdong in the future.
A．will be built B．build C．will build D．build
【答案】A
【详解】句意：据悉，未来广东将建设一所大湾区大学。 考查一般将来时被动语态。主语one Greater Bay Area university与动词build之间是被动关系，且“in the future”是一般将来时的标志词，此处用一般将来时被动语态will be done的结构，故选A。
10．—Do we have to read anything next week, Mr.Wu?
—Sure. You ________ to read Black Beauty from Page 58 to 85.
A．will expect B．are expected C．are expecting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——吴老师，下个星期我们必须读一些东西吗？——当然。你们被期待读《黑美人》从58页到85页。考查被动语态。主语You和谓语动词expect是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be动词+动词的过去分词”，主语是You，be动词应用are，故选B。
11．Chinese _________ by more and more people in the world.
A．speak B．speaks C．is speaking D．is spoken
【答案】D
【详解】句意：世界上讲汉语的人越来越多。考查语态。句子主语Chinese与动词speak之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，故选D。
12．— People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情).
— I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves.
A．are asking B．are asked C．asked D．ask
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间，人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。——我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。考查被动语态。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系，表示被要求测体温，故此处用被动语态be done的结构，故选B。
13．Dish-washing machines ________ more and more widely. I also want to buy one.
A．use B．used C．are used D．were used
【答案】C
【解析】【详解】句意：洗碗机的使用越来越广泛。 我也想买一个。考查被动语态。主语“Dish-washing machines”和谓语“use使用”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述客观事实，故此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
14．It is reported that a total of 107 vaccination (疫苗) centers _________ in Nantong nowadays.
A．build B．built C．were built D．have been built
【答案】D
【详解】句意：据悉，目前南通已建成疫苗接种中心107个。考查被动语态。主语“vaccination (疫苗) centers”和谓语“build”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，排除AB；根据“nowadays”可知句子不能使用一般过去时，排除C。故选D。
15．Many of Mo Yan’s works _________ into films over the past years.
A．had been made B．were made C．would be made D．have been made
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，莫言的许多作品都被拍成了电影。考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“over the past years”可知，本句是现在完成时；又因“works”和“make”之间存在被动关系，故此处需用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为：have/has been done。故选D。
16．These windows________. Now they are very clean.
A．were washed B．will be washed C．have been washed D．are washed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这些窗户已经被洗过了。现在他们非常干净。考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“现在他们非常干净”可知，是因为“这些窗户已经清洗过”而对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时态，又因为主语“这些窗户”是谓语动词“洗”的动作承受者，应用被动语态，故该空白处应选现在完成时的被动语态：have been+动词的过去分词。故选C。
17．Recently some of the venues(场馆) for the Beijing Winter Olympics ________ and will be open to the public soon.
A．are rebuilt B．were rebuilt C．have been rebuilt D．will be rebuilt
【答案】C
【详解】句意：最近北京冬季奥运会的部分场馆在重建，并很快对外开放。考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语“Recently”可知，本句是现在完成时；又因“venues”和“rebuild”之间存在被动关系，故此处需要用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为：have/has been done。故选C。
18．During the Tang dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything produced in the world ________ on the streets of Chang’an.
A．is found B．has been found C．will be found D．could be found
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在唐朝，在长安的街道上几乎可以找到世界上所有的东西。考查时态和语态。主语“nearly everything produced in the world”与动词find之间是动宾关系，此处表示能够被找到，结合“During the Tang dynasty”可知用过去式could表示“能够”，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，用could be found。故选D。
19．Thanks to my parents, when I was young, I ________ very well wherever I lived.
A．are looked after B．have been looked after
C．would be looked after D．could be looked after
【答案】D
【详解】句意：多亏了我的父母，在我年幼的时候，无论我住在哪里，都能得到很好的照顾。考查情态动词的被动语态。根据“when I was young”可知，用过去的时态，排除A和B；根据“I...very well wherever I lived”可知，不管住哪我都能够被照顾好，用含could的被动语态。故选D。
20．A lot of teenagers think as they are getting older they ________ to make their own decisions.
A．should allowed B．shouldn’t allow
C．should be allowed D．shouldn’t be allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：许多青少年认为，随着年龄的增长，他们应该被允许自己做决定。考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语“they”与allow之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态；再由“as they are older and wiser”可知随着他们更年长、更聪明，应该被允许自己做决定，用肯定句。故选C。
21．—Do you know 5-G mobile phone?
—Yes, it’s said they ________ at present.
A．sell well B．are sold well C．sell good D．are sold good
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道5g手机吗？——是的，据说它们现在很畅销。考查动词用法。sell well 畅销，主动表被动；are sold well被卖的好；sell good错误表达；are sold good错误表达，根据回答可知，此处表达“畅销”，应该用主动表被动，sell well动词短语。故选A。
22．—What’s wrong with your grandpa’s flower?
—Most plants require regularly ________.
A．to water B．watering C．to be water
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你爷爷的花怎么了？——大多数植物需要定期浇水。考查非谓语。sth require doing“某事需要被做”，是固定短语，此处用动名词的主动表达被动的含义，故选B。
23．Can you tell me how often these flowers   _________?
A．require watering B．require watered
C．are required watering D．are required to water
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你能告诉我这些花需要多久浇一次水吗？考查require用法。当某物作主语，谓语动词是need，want，require等时，它的宾语可以用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式。如require doing=require to be done。故选A。
24．—You don’t know what great difficulty I had getting the two tickets.
—But the match is really worth ________.
A．watch B．watching C．being watched D．to be watched
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你不知道我弄到这两张票有多困难。——但这场比赛确实值得一看。
考查非谓语动词。固定短语be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，此处用主动表示被动含义，故选B。
25．—Mmm…Delicious. What is it?
—It ________ zongzi, Tony. It’s a traditional food in China.
A．calls B．is called C．called D．was called
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——嗯……好吃。这是什么？——它叫粽子，托尼。这是中国的传统食物。考查被动语态。根据“What is it?”可知，此处回答使用一般现在时，It指代询问的这个东西，与动词call之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，It为单数，结构为is done。故选B。
26．—Oh, your room is too dirty, Anna!
—Sorry, Mum. It ________ yesterday. I forgot to do it.
A．didn’t clean B．isn’t cleaned C．wasn’t cleaning D．wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——安娜，你的房间太脏了！——很抱歉，妈妈，昨天我没清理房间。我忘记清理了。考查动词的时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知句子是一般过去时，主语“it”指的是房间，和动词“清理”之间是被动关系，表达“没有被清理”，用一般过去时的被动结构“wasn’t cleaned”。故选D。
27．Many research labs _________ in the next 5 years to develop science and technology in China.
A．are building B．will be built C．were built D．has been built
【答案】B
【详解】句意：未来5年，中国将建立许多研究实验室来发展科学技术。考查一般将来时的被动语态。主语“Many research labs”是动作build的承受者，用被动语态，根据时间状语“in the next 5 years”可知，此处是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是will be done。故选B。
28．—Do you know where Kate is?
—She ________ to Kangkang’s birthday party. But I’m not sure.
A．may invite B．is invited
C．may be invited D．must be invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你知道凯特在哪里吗？——她可能会被邀请参加康康的生日聚会。但我不确定。考查含情态动词的被动语态。主语She是动作的承受者，此处应用被动语态，结合“But I’m not sure.”可知，不确定，所以是推测，故选C。
29．The story books ________ by the writer in the 1960s.
A．are written B．were written C．are writing D．were writing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这些故事书是作者在20世纪60年代写的。考查被动语态。根据“The story books …by the writer in the 1960s.”可知，此处为一般过去时，且主语和动词之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，结构为be done，主语为复数名词，使用be动词were。故选B。
30．A lot of birds ________ in nature parks every year.
A．protect B．is protected C．are protected D．protected
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am/is/are done”，主语是复数，be动词用are。故选C。

二、改写句子
31．The hospital sent over 200 medical workers to fight against the epidemic. (改为被动语态)
Over 200 medical workers________ ________ to fight against the epidemic by the hospital.
【答案】     were     sent
【详解】句意：医院派送了超过200名医疗工作者抗击这次流行病。时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动结构是was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是“Over 200 medical workers”，为复数，因此用were，动词send的过去分词为sent。故填were；sent。
32．My grandma covered the food with a piece of cloth. (改为被动语态)
The food ___________ ___________ with a piece of cloth by my grandma.
【答案】     was     covered
【详解】句意：我奶奶用一块布盖住食物。原句是一般过去时，变成被动语态，结构为：was/were done，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was；故填was；covered。
33．Students should make plans for their summer holidays. (改为被动语态)
Plans should ________ ________ for students’ summer holidays.
【答案】     be     made
【详解】句意：学生们应该为暑假做计划。情态动词的被动语态的构成形式为：情态动词+be+ done；make的过去分词是made。故填be；made。
34．The manager gives girls the same chance as boys to apply for the job. (改为被动语态)
Girls ________ ________ the same chance as boys to apply for the job.
【答案】     are     given
【详解】句意：经理给女孩和男孩一样的机会申请这份工作。根据题意是变成被动语态，主语是girls和谓语动词之间存在被动语态，一般现在时态的被动语态，其结构是be done的形式，主语是复数，be动词用are，give“给”，是动词，过去分词是given。故填are；given。
35．NASA sent James Webb Space Telescope (望远镜) into space in December 2021.（改为被动语态）
James Webb Space Telescope ________ ________ into space in December 2021.
【答案】     was     sent
【详解】句意：2021年12月，美国宇航局将詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜送入太空。分析句子可知句子时态是一般过去时，改为被动语态，主语为名词单数，结构为was done，be sent into“被送入”，故填was；sent。
36．The medical workers took the wounded to the local hospital. (改为被动语态)
The wounded __________ __________ to the local hospital by the medical workers.
【答案】     were     taken
【详解】句意：医务人员把伤员送到当地医院。原句是一般过去时，变成被动语态，结构为：was/were+过去分词，主语是the wounded“伤员”，是复数，be动词用were，故填were；taken。
37．He repaired the old bike last week. (改为被动语态)
The old bike __________ _________ by him last week.
【答案】     was     repaired
【详解】句意：他上周修理了那辆旧自行车。根据题目要求和“last week”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，用was/were+done的格式，主语是单数，be动词用was，repair的过去分词是repaired；故填was；repaired。
38．People will move the contents of Stephen Hawking’s office to the Science Museum in London.(改为被动语态)
The contents of Stephen Hawking’s office will ______ ______ to the Science Museum in London.
【答案】     be     moved
【详解】句意：人们将把史蒂芬霍金办公室的东西搬到伦敦的科技博物馆。“The contents of Stephen Hawking’s office”作主语，和动词是被动关系，表达“被搬到”，用“will be moved”。故填be；moved。
39．People built the bridge to connect the island with the mainland area. (改为被动语态)
The bridge ________ to connect the island with the mainland area.
【答案】is built
【详解】句意：人们建造了一座桥来连接这座岛和大陆。句子是一般现在时，主语是“The bridge”单数概念，表达“被建”动词用一般现在时的被动结构“is built”。故填is built。
40．The designers designed many modern sports stadiums in the Winter Olympics in China. (改为被动语态)        
Many modern sports stadiums ________   ________ in the Winter Olympics in China.
【答案】     were     designed
【详解】句意：设计师们在中国冬奥会上设计了许多现代体育场馆。时态是一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态构成：主语+was/were+动词过去分词，主语“Many modern sports stadiums”是复数，所以用were，动词design的过去分词designed，故填were；designed。
41．We must keep food in the refrigerator so that it doesn’t go bad easily. (改为被动语态)
Food must ________   ________in the refrigerator so that it doesn’t go bad easily.
【答案】     be     kept
【详解】句意：我们必须把食物放在冰箱里，这样它就不容易坏了。根据题目要求可知，需要用be done的格式，结合must，后接动词原形，keep的过去分词是kept；故填be；kept。
42．More and more people visit the old town with a long history every year. (改为被动语态)
The old town with a long history ________ ________ by more and more people every year.
【答案】     is     visited
【详解】句意：每年都有越来越多的人参观这个历史悠久的古城。根据题目要求可知，用be done的结构，主语是单数，原句是一般现在时，be动词用is；visit的过去分词是visited；故填is；visited。
43．The teachers in the kindergarten created a song about the new year. （改为被动语态）
A song about the new year ________ ________ by the teachers in the kindergarten.
【答案】     was     created
【详解】句意：幼儿园的老师们创作了一首关于新年的歌。原句是一般过去时，变为被动语态，结构为：was/were done。主语是“a song”，be动词用was，过去分词为created。故填was；created。
44．The volunteers sent some food to the elderly people living alone last night.（改为被动语态）
Some food ________   ________ to the elderly people living alone by the volunteers last night.
【答案】     was     sent
【详解】句意：志愿者昨晚给独居的老人送去了一些食物。原句是一般过去时，变为被动语态，结构为：主语+was/were done，主语food是不可数名词，be动词用was，故填was；sent。
45．We can share many things, such as bikes, cars and umbrellas.（改为被动语态）
Many things can ________ ________, such as bikes, cars and umbrellas.
【答案】     be     shared
【详解】句意：我们可以共享很多东西，比如自行车、汽车和雨伞。原句含有情态动词can，改为被动语态的结构为：can+be+动词的过去分词，“share”的过去分词是shared。故填be；shared。
46．The doctor gave the old man some medicine for his cough.   (改为被动语态）
Some medicine _______ _______ to the old man for his cough.
【答案】     was     given
【详解】句意：医生给了老人一些治咳嗽的药。根据“The doctor gave the old man”可知，本句的时态是一般过去时，主语是“Some medicine”，是不可数名词，其被动语态的结构是was+done。give的过去分词是given。故填was；given。
47．The bees collect honey from the flowers. (改为被动语态)
Honey ________ ________ from the flowers by the bees.
【答案】     is     collected
【详解】句意：蜜蜂从花中采蜜。根据“collect”可知，要改为一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语honey是不可数名词，要用助动词is，故填is；collected。
48．We watered the flowers yesterday.（改为被动语态）
The flowers ________ ________ yesterday.
【答案】     were     watered
【详解】句意：我们昨天浇了花。原句时态是一般过去时，改为被动语态则用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done），主语是复数，be动词用were；watered的过去分词还是watered。故填were；watered。
49．My mom makes me do the dishes every day.（改为被动语态）
I am ________ ________ do the dishes every day.
【答案】     made     to
【详解】句意：我妈妈每天都让我洗碗。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”的被动结构是“sb be made to do sth”，故填made；to。
50．Did he notice his father reading the newspaper at 7 p.m. yesterday?   （改为被动语态）
________ his father ________ reading the newspaper at 7 p.m. yesterday?
【答案】     Was     noticed
【详解】句意：他昨天晚上7点注意到他父亲在看报纸吗？原句时态为一般过去时，其被动语态为：was/were+动词的过去分词。主语“His father”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，疑问句be动词放句首，notice“注意到”的过去分词是noticed。故填Was；noticed。
51．The government set up a warning sign at the crossing last week. (改为被动语态)
A warning sign ________ ________ up at the crossing last week.
【答案】     was     set
【详解】句意：上周，政府在十字路口设置了警告标志。被动语态的结构为be+done，根据“last week”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“A warning sign”是第三人称单数，be动词用was，set的过去分词是set。故填was；set。
52．The forest fire destroyed the whole village.(改为被动语态)
The whole village ________ ________ by the forest fire.
【答案】     was     destroyed
【详解】句意：森林大火烧毁了整个村庄。根据原句可知句子是一般过去时，变成被动语态结构为：was/were+过去分词；主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was；destroyed。
53．Colette once chose Hepburn to act as a lead role in his work. （改为被动语态）
Hepburn ________ once ________ to act as a lead role by Colette in his work.
【答案】     was     chosen
【详解】句意：科莱特曾选择赫本在他的作品中担任主角。主语“Hepburn”是动作choose的承受者，时态是一般过去时，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was；chosen。
54．We should teach our students some necessary living skills. (改为被动语态)
Our students should ________ ________ some necessary living skills.
【答案】     be     taught
【详解】句意：我们应该教学生一些必要的生活技能。根据题干要求，将原句改成被动句，此处为含情态动词should的被动语态，其结构是should be+done；teach“教”，是动词，其过去分词是taught。故填be；taught。
55．Her daughter shut all the doors before leaving the room. (改为被动语态)
All the doors _________ before leaving the room by her daughter.
【答案】were shut
【详解】句意：她女儿离开房间前把所有的门都关上了。根据题目要求可知，被动语态结构是be+过去分词；且原句是过去时态，主语“All the doors”是复数，因此be动词用were，shut的过去分词是shut，故填were shut。
56．We consider Gu Ailing as a young talented athlete. (改为被动语态)
Gu Ailing ________ ________ as a young talented athlete.
【答案】     is     considered
【详解】句意：我们认为谷爱凌是一位有天赋的年轻运动员。Gu Ailing作主语，与consider之间是动宾关系，因此用被动语态，原句是一般现在时，所以此处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用is；consider过去分词为considered。故填is；considered。
57．Nurses and doctors often give health advice to patients.（改为破动语态）
Health advice ________ often ________ to patients by nurses and doctors.
【答案】     is     given
【详解】句意：护士和医生经常给病人提供健康建议。原句的宾语“health advice”作被动语态句子的主语，原句为一般现在时，要用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am/is/are+done”；主语health advice为不可数名词，be动词用is，give的过去分词为given。故填is；given。
58．Did Tom send you a birthday card yesterday?（改为被动语态）
________ a birthday card ________ to you by Tom yesterday?
【答案】     Was     sent
【详解】句意：汤姆昨天给你寄了生日卡吗？根据“Did”可知，本句要改为一般过去时的被动语态(Was/Were+主语+done+其他)，主语“card”是单数，助动词用was，放句首大写首字母；send的过去分词为sent。故填Was；sent。
59．Many people visit the City Hall every year because it is a historical building.（改为被动语态）
The City Hall ________ ________ by many people every year because it is a historical building.
【答案】     is     visited
【详解】句意：每年有许多人参观市政厅，因为它是一座历史建筑。原句的时态为一般现在时，改为被动语态要用一般现在时的被动语态，即be+过去分词；被动句主语“The City Hall”是单数，be动词用is；visit的过去分词为visited。故填is；visited。
60．The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970.（对划线部分提问）
_____________ __________the first Earth Day celebrated ?
【答案】     When     was
【详解】句意：第一个地球日庆祝活动在1970年。根据题干 , 划线部分是“in 1970”在1970年，对时间提问用when；特殊疑问句句式是特殊疑问词+一般疑问句，时态与题干时态保持一致，所以was提到主语之前。故填When；was。