2023届辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高三下学期一模英语试卷含解析

这是一份2023届辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中高三下学期一模英语试卷含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了听力题，阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

辽宁省葫芦岛市普通高中2023届高三下学期一模英语试卷（含听力）
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、听力题
1、What does Sam usually order?
A. Coffee. B. Beer. C. Wine.
2、What kind of film does the woman want to watch?
A. Comedy. B. Action. C. Drama.
3、What is the man’s job probably?
A. A doctor. B. A car mechanic. C. A police officer.
4、Why couldn’t the man understand the woman’s aunt?
A. She speaks in sign language.
B. She speaks with an odd accent.
C. She speaks a different language
5、What should the man’s son do according to the woman?
A. Become a member of a club.
B. Spend more time studying.
C. Take pictures of his friends.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6、Where is the man working?
A. In a zoo. B. In a library. C. In a computer company.
7、How did the man find the information about his present job?
A. On the Internet. B. From his friend. C. Through an agency.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8、How does the woman feel?
A. Jealous. B. Delighted. C. Disappointed.
9、What is the woman going to do this evening?
A. Play bowling. B. Stay at home. C. Go to the theater.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10、What does the woman advise the man to do?
A. Take a bath. B. Wash his clothes. C. Join a football team.
11、Which sport did the man play?
A. Rugby. B. Football. C. Table tennis.
12、What is the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Windy. C. Snowy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13、What makes the film unique to the woman?
A. It is the woman’s first time producing.
B. There is only one man in the movie.
C. It has great special effects
14、What type of film is the woman starring in?
A. An action film. B. A romantic comedy.
C. A science-fiction film.
15、When will the film be out in the UK?
A. On 21st December. B. On 14th December.
C. On 7th December.
16、What is the man probably?
A. A producer. B. A comedian. C. A host.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17、What is Nike launching?
A. A new bag. B. A new pair of shoes.
C. A new line of sportswear.
18、Why does Nike release the new product?
A. To increase profits. B. To improve quality.
C. To be environmentally friendly.
19、How much water can be saved in Nike’s manufacturing process?
A. 10%. B. 50%. C. 100%.
20、What is the speaker’s attitude towards Nike?
A. Cautious. B. Confident. C. Anxious.
二、阅读理解
Marvelous Scenic Walks Near London
There are plenty of walking routes in London. If you fancy something a bit more rural, then the green and pleasant land has plenty to offer.
Goring Gap and the Thames Path
If you’re in the mood for a gentle rural walk, the Thames Path is far from boring. The 5-mile footpath follows the curve of the river, winding past wildflower meadows (草地).
Post-walk pub: Pangbourne’s seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes. Bag a table on the riverside or keep toasty by one of its open fires.
Box Hill
To admire this spots rural views, first you’ve got to jump across 17 stepping stones and climb 272 steps to the top of Box Hill, where the path begins. The total distance is 6.8 miles.
Post-walk pub: The cavernous Tree on Box Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden, or sample a glass of Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.
A South Downs Ridge (山脊)
If you’ve already done the classic Seven Sisters clifftop walk or can’t face all those hills, this is a long but lovely alternative. The route covering 14.3 miles snakes along a ridge and a river valley.
Post-walk pub: There are always 10 real beers at the old-school pub The Wellington.
Chess Valley in the Chilterns
Chess Valley in the Chiltern Hills isn’t home to any chess masters, but it used to produce a kind of water plant. This walk of 4.9 miles follows the river, winding through rolling meadows and woods.
Post-walk pub: The George & Dragon is a simple old coaching pub on the High Street with a log fire, real beers and giant burgers.
21、Which of the following walks covers the shortest distance?
A. Box Hill. B. A South Downs Ridge.
C. Chess Valley in the Chilterns. D. Goring Gap and the Thames Path.
22、What do the listed scenic walks in the text have in common?
A. The pubs are pretty and old-fashioned.
B. Visitors can relax at special pubs after walks.
C. There are rivers winding through the meadows.
D. The food served there is expensive and of high quality.
23、Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A geography book. B. A travel brochure.
C. A fashion website. D. A science magazine.
“Keep a sharp lookout,” Miller told Olden, a strong German dog, glancing toward the back seat. In the poor light, Miller could just make ou the badge (徽章) shining smartly from his partner’s collar. Suddenly the car’s headlights lit up a figure breaking the lock on the building, Miller shouted the order Go! In a flash, Olden jumped through the car’s open window and bit the suspect on the leg.
Over the next few months, Miller kept his relationship with Olden strictly professional. The dog was kept outside, regardless of the weather and the time. Sometimes during storms, Olden would stick his nose out of his doghouse and bark at the back door. Miller pretended not to hear. To test Olden’s discipline, he’d give him the order Stay and then he’d leave. When he returned, Olden was still glued to the spot where he had left him. At that moment Miller wanted to give Olden a hug, but instead quietly said, “Good boy.”
One afternoon, just after Miller and Olden began their shift, an urgent call came. As Miller rushed to the spot, the suspect Steve’s car sped away. Miller ran after Steve at a full speed. Finally Steve abandoned his car in a side street. Miller jumped out of his car and raced into it too. Turning a corner, he found a gun pointing right at his chest. Hе braced for the jolt when Steve was about to fire the gun. But suddenly a thundering bark rang out and Olden burst around the corner, tearing straight for Steve. The gunman fired and fled. It took a moment for Miller to react. Doctor told Miller the bullet, meant for him, missed Olden’s heart by an inch. Fortunately, his partner survived. After arriving home, Miller led Olden to his doghouse. Suddenly he stopped and did something he’d been wanting to do since he saw Olden. Bending down, Miller wrapped his arms around Olden. Then the two started rolling around in the soft grass.
24、What was Olden ordered to do in Paragraph 1?
A. Be seated at the back seat. B. Catch the potential criminal.
C. Break the lock on the building. D. Find out his partner’s badge.
25、Which of the following best describes Miller as Olden’s trainer?
A. Kind and moderate. B. Quiet and caring.
C. Strict and professional. D. Smart and flexible.
26、What do the underlined words “braced for the jolt” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Turned off the engine. B. Caught Steve’s attention.
C. Made a narrow escape. D. Prepared for the worst result.
27、Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. A Police Dog B. A Tough Task
C. A Perfect Match D. A Dog Trainer
Researchers in the US treated healthy mice with a form of gene therapy that refreshed older cells, making the animals more youthful according to biological markers that are used to measure the effects of ageing. Repeating the trick in humans is far from straightforward, but the findings will fuel interest in new therapies that aim to slow or reverse the ageing process as a means of tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer’s.
The scientists drew on previous work by the Japanese Nobel winner Prof Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that a mixture of four molecules(原子)—known as Yamanaka factors—can turn adult cells into youthful stem cells that are capable of forming almost any tissue (组织) in the body.
Writing in the journal Nature Aging, the US team led by Jasper and Prof Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte at the Salk Institute in California and the San Diego Altos Institute, found that mice who received Yamanaka factors for several months were similar to younger animals in many ways, with their skin in particular showing signs of rejuvenation(恢复青春).
The experiments showed that rejuvenation was more effective when the therapy was given for a long time—7 to 10 months—starting when the animals were 12 to 15 months old, equal to age 35 to 50 in humans. When older animals, equal to 80 years old in human terms, were treated for one month, the scientists saw little impact.
Rather than using Yamanaka factors to rejuvenate aged humans, many scientists suspect that new drugs will be needed to partially reprogram cells safely and effectively. “In theory, biological age reversal or reduction could be possible. However, we are at very early stages where we need to understand the basic science behind it much better,” said Dr. Tamir Chandra, an expert in the biology of ageing at the University of Edinburgh.
28、Which of the following best describes the findings of the research?
A. Suspicious. B. Tricky. C. Amusing. D. Inspiring.
29、What can we say about Yamanaka factors?
A. They are made up of three molecules.
B. They can probably rejuvenate mice’s skin.
C. They were first found by a Japanese scientist.
D. They can become a part of mice’s body tissue.
30、What can be inferred from the findings of the experiments?
A. The therapy given for a long time works better.
B. Humans may have better outcomes than animals.
C. The rejuvenation is more effective for people aged 12 to 15.
D. Older animals can live longer with the help of the treatment.
31、What do Dr. Tamir Chandra’s words mainly tell us?
A. The researchers are far from complete.
B. The process of growing old cannot be stopped.
C. The basic rule behind rejuvenation is fully understood.
D. The new drug has been put into use safely and effectively.
Away from the bright lights of the city, if you look up at the night sky you will see an ocean of bright stars. But in the illuminated concrete jungles we humans have built ourselves, it’s a different story.
This year, Earth Hour was observed on March 26. The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change. Those celebrating turn off all their electrical appliances for one hour. It also draws attention to another serious problem that the world is currently facing—the threat of light pollution.
Light pollution happens when too much man-made light harms nature. Scientists have found that it is especially harmful to nocturnal animals. These creatures rely on the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate the animals and harm their physical health. “Wildlife species have evolved on this planet with biological rhythms—changing that has profound effects,” said Travis Longcore, a biogeographer with the Urban Wildlands Group in Los Angeles, US. A lack of darkness at night can also cause difficulties for animals in other ways.
Newly hatched(孵化) baby sea turtles rely on the brighter horizon over the ocean to guide them from the beach to the sea. However, with artificial lights next to the oceans, the small animals are easily led away from the right path. “Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn, when predators or birds get them,” said Michael Salmon, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.
Artificial light has caused a “drastic change” to the natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. “Predators use light to hunt, and prey (猎物) species use darkness as cover,” Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.
32、Why was Earth Hour created?
A. To raise awareness of air pollution.
B. To call on people to get closer to nature.
C. To draw public attention to environmental issues.
D. To reconsider the necessity of electrical devices.
33、How does light pollution affect nocturnal animals?
A. It slows their growth.
B. It changes their sleep cycles.
C. It lessens their dependence on the sun.
D. It reduces their difficulties caused by darkness.
34、What trouble does artificial lighting cause baby sea turtles?
A. It can prevent them from reaching the ocean.
B. It can affect their biological rhythms.
C. It makes them lose their way to the beach.
D. It exposes them to predators in the sea.
35、What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. The argument over artificial lights.
B. Animals that benefit from artificial lights.
C. The impact of artificial lights on environment.
D. The dangers of an imbalance in the ecosystem.
三、七选五
36、How to Organize Your Digital Files
Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet it’s far from being a perfect system. Lately, it’s been hit-or-miss for me. ①_____ I hope some of these tips will help you.
Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.
There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive(使用简便的) is to have folders for stages of your project. ②_____
The “resources” folder is for things like images, documents, and other items that are needed to complete your project. ③_____ “Final,” as you might imagine, is for the project files once the project has been approved and is done. “Scrap” is for anything you want to save from the project that doesn’t belong in the “final” folder.
④_____
It’s near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like “20211108_0978234.jpg.” So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as: 2021 ＞ 01 (for the month) ＞ 2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA. This way, you can either browse your photos by year and month or search for folders that include “Mom”, “Dad”, “Anniversary”, or “LA.”
Use tags.
In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files. ⑤_____ Say, for example, you want to see all of your photos for all of your holiday celebrations. You can set up a tag for “holidays.” And then to narrow down the results, you can search using the tag.
A. With tags, you can connect multiple files across folders.
B. For photos, use a date structure and keywords for your folders.
C. This way, you can always know which is the final project file to grab.
D. The standards will keep files organized and make them easier on the eye.
E. “In progress” is for the current working version or versions of the project.
F. To find files more efficiently I’ve been rearranging my digital filing system.
G. Move your photos to a more specific folder or back them up on an external storage device.
四、完形填空（15空）
Misty Copeland spends most days twisting, spinning and 1 . She practices and 2 the graceful movements of her art. When she isn’t performing she is practicing. When she isn’t practicing, she is stretching. She takes classes almost every day. She takes care of her body so she doesn’t 3 it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre.
“I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their 4 .” says Misty. “I love my body,” she adds.
Was she 5 confident? Actually, she was a 6 girl and avoided the spotlight. But Misty loved music and movement. When she was thirteen, Misty’s teacher suggested she 7 a free ballet class at the Boys & Girls Club. For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to 8 . Finally, she gave it a 9 . At first, she felt 10 in the class. She didn’t know anything about ballet, and she was 11 than most of the students. Over time, 12 , she began to enjoy the lessons. She discovered that her body—especially her long legs and flexible muscles—was just 13 for ballet. After the class season ended, Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio. Most ballerinas (女舞者) start their training much younger than thirteen. But Misty’s natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.
Over the next five years, ballet was Misty’s 14 . She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs. “Performing was my favourite part because I felt 15 and open onstage,” she says. “For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged.”
37、A. wandering B. leaping C. exercising D. dancing
38、A. perfects B. conquers C. examines D. describes
39、A. hurt B. injure C. spoil D. abuse
40、A. appearance B. voice C. techniques D. instruments
41、A. found B. made C. born D. trained
42、A. humble B. quiet C. cautious D. shy
43、A. attend B. register C. learn D. watch
44、A. stand up B. catch up C. cut in D. join in
45、A. rest B. chance C. try D. thought
46、A. out of place B. out of order C. out of mind D. out of control
47、A. younger B. older C. taller D. shorter
48、A. meanwhile B. however C. moreover D. thus
49、A. ready B. good C. right D. qualified
50、A. life B. major C. prospect D. stage
51、A. improved B. calm C. free D. secure
五、语法填空
52、 Hot pot, as a traditional Chinese folk dish, ①_____(become) a favorite dish throughout China since at least the Han Dynasty, ②_____ is particularly true during winter months. There are different ③_____(style) of hot pot with differently flavored thick soup in China, from spicy hot pot in Sichuan, seafood-based hot pot in Guangdong to mutton hot pot in Hong Kong. No matter what your ④_____(prefer) is, Chinese hot pot has something to interest you.
The spicy hot pot featured in Sichuan is probably the most famous among the native Chinese. When ⑤_____(visit) Chongqing, you will have ⑥_____ opportunity to taste authentic(真正的) Chinese hot pot. Chongqing hot pot is known as má là (“numb and spicy”) due ⑦_____ the inclusion of Sichuan peppers and is unique in the types of meat and the types of sauce ⑧_____(use) for its base.
Though the flavor of Chinese hot pot varies from region to region, the dining customs are similar. Hot pot is ⑨_____(typical) served in a metal bowl at the center of the dining table. As the soup in the pot is cooked at almost boiling point, the ingredients (原料) ⑩_____(add) into the boiling thick soup. The ingredients can vary from thinly-sliced meat, vegetables, mushrooms, potatoes, and cabbage, to seafood, fish balls and tofu.
六、书面表达
53、假定你是李华，酷爱自行车旅行。你校交换生Terry打算周末进行环湖自行车旅行，向你征求意见。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的建议；
2.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Terry,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
七、读后续写
54、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alan and the other campers sat around the fire chewing meat chops. It would be Alan’s first night in a tent, and he was excited but a little nervous.
As they ate, the conservation officer spoke. “Much of the wildlife in this area comes out only at night. So after supper, let’s start a night watch. Volunteers will take turns to stay down here by the fire, away from the tents. Those who take part will get a chance to see a world that many of you never knew existed.”
Alan’s stomach tightened. Then he heard the officer continue, “There are no dangerous animals this close to Cape Town. Any volunteers?”
A tough-looking kid with red hair muttered something about needing a good night’s sleep. Another boy spoke up. “I’ll take a shift.” The kid who’d sat next to Alan on the bus volunteered. Alan sat tight. Then one of the girls raised her hand with a giggle. Alan frowned. If a girl could do it, he could, too. He volunteered.
A few more kids raised their hands and then the officer explained, “This is how it works. When the rest of you go to bed in a tent, the first watcher takes his or her place by the fire. The duty of watcher is to keep the fire going gently. After thirty minutes, he or she wakes the next person.”
Alan heard his voice asking, “Are you sure it’s absolutely safe?”
The officer looked at him. “The danger is minimal. We wouldn’t have taken you here otherwise. Do you still want to volunteer?” Alan nodded but felt uneasy.
Earlier that day, the officer had challenged the campers to spot animal tracks along the river. That was fun. But being alone in the dark was not. Alan’s flashlight was already fading to a dim glow because he had used it too often. Looking around, Alan thought he saw a large bird swooping(俯冲) and wondered if it was an owl. He had seen small paw prints in the sand by the river. Was the owl hunting for the creature that had made them?
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph1:
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph2:
The next morning, the officer asked for reports.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：A
解析：W: Ah, Sam. Would you like to have a cup of coffee as usual?
M: Not today, Mary. I’m celebrating my promotion. I’ll have a beer, and grab a glass of wine for yourself.
W: Congratulations! Let’s have fun today!
2、答案：A
解析：M: Hey, did you get tickets for World War Dramatic tonight?
W: No, I don’t feel like watching an action movie. How about something funny instead?
3、答案：C
解析：M: Turn your engine off, please. Do you know why I have pulled you over today, miss?
W: I know. I was doing eighty mph in a sixty mph zone, but I’m a doctor. I’m rushing to my hospital to try to save a patient.
4、答案：B
解析：M: Is that your aunt? I could not understand her. She speaks with an unusual accent.
W: Yes, her father was in the army. So she lived in lots of different countries while growing up. She speaks many different languages too.
5、答案：A
解析：M: My son has started to learn taking photos lately. He seems to spend a lot of time alone doing it.
W: Maybe you should encourage him to join a photography club, so he can learn and make new friends at the same time.
6、答案： A
解析：W: Hi, James. We haven’t seen each other for ages. Are you still doing the part-time job in the college library?
M: No. I’ve been working at a zoo for more than a month.
W: A zoo? That sounds very funny. Which zoo?
M: The Wildlife Park here in the city.
W: Did you find this job through an employment agency?
M: I did try to find a job through an employment agency and the Internet, but this job was introduced to me by my friend, Kamal. He is a secretary in a computer company near the zoo.
W: Uh, I see. You are so lucky.
7、答案： B
解析：
8、答案：C
解析：M: I see your old roommate Marie is featured on the cover of Vogue magazine.
W: Yes, and she was on Bella two months ago.
M: I can’t believe I’ve met her.
W: Her ship has certainly soared recently.
M: You sound bitter.
W: No, not really. I’m not jealous. It’s just that she doesn’t speak to any of her old friends any more.
M: Fame changes people, not always for the better.
W: I know. I just thought we were really close.
M: Guess you’re stuck with me then.
W: Friends for life.
M: Why don’t we go do something this evening?
W: Like what?
M: Like go bowling or see a show at the theater. Something to get your mind off this.
W: Honestly, I’m fine. I think I just need a hot bath and a good book.
9、答案： B
解析：
10、答案： A
解析：M: Hi Mom. I’m home.
W: Oh no! Look at you! Get straight upstairs and take a bath. How come you got so dirty?
M: It’s a dirty game. I just need to have a bit of a wash.
W: You need a lot more than a wash. You look like you’ve been rolling around in mud.
M: OK, I’ll have a shower. If you think I look bad, you should see the rest of the team.
W: It’s just crazy playing football on a day like today.
M: We’re not afraid of the small rain. Rugby players get even dirtier than us.
W: Why couldn’t you choose a nice clean game, like table tennis? You could even play that during a snowstorm.
M: Oh Mom, you’ll never understand. It’s a tough game. That’s the way we like it to be.
W: Maybe if you were the one who had to wash your clothes afterward, you would feel different.
11、答案： B
解析：
12、答案： A
解析：
13、答案： A
解析：M: You’re starring in this brand new film. What makes it different from other films we’ve seen you in before?
W: Well, this is my first time producing as well as acting. We also have an all-female cast, so there are no men coming to the rescue.
M: Because in the world of the movie, men no longer exist.
W: That’s right. Although it has a lot of action, it’s primarily a science-fiction film. It is about what would happen if there were only women left in the world.
M: So not your usual romantic comedies.
W: No, I’ve done a lot of those, and people associate me with those. So it felt good to break away and try something new.
M: From the short scenes from the film, it looks as though there is a lot of action and fights. How long did it take to make?
W: I read the script about three years ago, and then we gradually gathered together a cast and crew. But once we started filming, it only took 6 months. The special effects took double that.
M: So when can we expect to see it in cinemas?
W: It’s coming out on 14th December in America, and then a week later around the world.
M: Well, as I’m from the UK, I guess I’ll have to wait patiently for 7 days.
W: Sorry, out of my hands.
M: It’s been a pleasure talking to you.
14、答案： C
解析：
15、答案： A
解析：
16、答案： C
解析：
17、答案： B
解析：At Nike, we understand that our customer base is shifting. Not only do you want the best sports shoes and clothing, but you want to make sure that the manufacturing and supply of those goods are not impacting the environment. Like you, we see climate change as a threat to the sports we love to play and watch. That is why I am happy to announce the launch of our first pair of sports shoes made from 100% recycled product. This is the first in a number of products that will be released under our new “Move to Zero” strategy. We hope that by 2025, all of our products, including sportswear, bags and footwear, will have zero impact upon the environment. This is our most ambitious project to date. Nike’s global strategy is associated with one goal—to save our planet. We are doing this in two ways. First, our manufacturing will only use recycled material while also using 50% less water than before. Second, we will be creating a supply chain that operates with zero impact on the environment. We know that Nike is loved and respected around the world as a quality brand, and now we want it to be a force for good.
18、答案： C
解析：
19、答案： B
解析：
20、答案： B
21、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。由此篇文章Goring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句The 5-milefootpath follows the curve of the river, winding past wildflower meadows.(这条5英里长的步道沿着河流的曲线蜿蜒经过野花草地。)可知距离是5英里,Box Hill部分中的关键句The total distance is 6.8 miles.(总距离为6.8英里。)可知是6.8英里,A South Downs ridge部分中的关键句The route covering 14.3 miles snakes along a ridge and a river valley.(这条路线全长14.3英里,蜿蜒于山脊和河谷之间。)可知是14.3英里,Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句This walk of 4.9 miles follows the river...(这条4.9英里的路沿着河走……)可知是4.9英里,因此距离最短的是Chess Valley in the Chilterns。故选C。
22、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。通过阅读文章可知,每一个步行旅游点都有提及Post-walk pub(步行后酒吧推荐),因此可以看出每个步行道之后都有小酒馆,且根据Goring Gap and the Thames Path部分中的关键句Post-walk pub: Pangbourne’s seventeenth-century pub The Swan serves high-end dishes. Bag a table on the riverside or keep toasty by one of its open fires.(步行后的酒吧:庞伯恩17世纪的酒吧The Swan供应高档菜肴。在河边收拾一张桌子,或者在篝火旁烤一烤。)Box Hill部分中的关键句Post-walk pub: The cavernous Tree on Box Hill has an attractive menu and huge beer garden, or sample a glass of Juniper Hill at Denbies Winerie.(步行后的酒吧:盒子山上洞穴般的树有一个吸引人的菜单和巨大的啤酒花园,或在Denbies Winerie品尝一杯杜松山。)A South Downs Ridge(山脊)部分中的关键句Post-walk pub: There are always 10 real beers at the old-school pub The Wellington.(散步后的酒吧:在老派的惠灵顿酒吧总有10种真正的啤酒。)Chess Valley in the Chilterns部分中的关键句Post-walk pub: The George & Dragon is a simple old coaching pub on the High Street with a log fire, real beers and giant burgers.(散步后的酒吧:乔治和龙是高街上一家简单的老教练酒吧,有篝火、真正的啤酒和巨大的汉堡。)可知,17世纪的风格的、吸引人的菜单、十种啤酒、老式驿站,都是有特色的小酒馆,由此可推知,它们的共同点在于游客可以在散步后到有特色的酒吧放松。故选B。
23、答案：B
解析：文章出处题。通过阅读文章可知,文章首段There are plenty of walking routes in London. If you fancy something a bit more rural, then the green and pleasant land has plenty to offer.(伦敦有很多步行路线。如果你喜欢一些更乡村的东西,那么绿色和宜人的土地有很多东西可以提供。)揭示了文章话题,即步行旅游方案的话题,可以推论出这篇文章可能会出自旅游宣传册。故选B。
24、答案：B
25、答案：C
26、答案：D
27、答案：C
28、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中Repeating the trick in humans is far from straightforward, but the findings will fuel interest in new therapies that aim to slow or reverse the ageing process as a means of tackling age-related diseases such as cancers and Alzheimer’s.(在人类身上重复这一技巧远非易事,但这一发现将激发人们对旨在减缓或逆转衰老过程的新疗法的兴趣,作为治疗癌症和阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病的一种手段。)可知,这一研究发现将激发人们的兴趣,也对治疗其他疾病有重大启发,所以D项“激励人的;启发灵感的”最好地描述了这一研究发现。故选D。
29、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中The scientists drew on previous work by the Japanese Nobel winner Prof Shinya Yamanaka, who showed that a mixture of four molecules(原子)—known as Yamanaka factors—can turn adult cells into youthful stem cells that are capable of forming almost any tissue (组织) in the body.(科学家们借鉴了日本诺贝尔奖得主Shinya Yamanaka教授之前的研究成果。Shinya Yamanaka教授展示了一种四种分子的混合物即山中因子—可以将成年细胞转化为年轻的干细胞,这些干细胞几乎能够形成体内的任何组织。)以及第三段中...found that mice who received Yamanaka factors for several months were similar to younger animals in many ways, with their skin in particular showing signs of rejuvenation(恢复青春).(研究发现,连续几个月接受山中因子治疗的小鼠在许多方面与年轻的小鼠相似,尤其是它们的皮肤呈现出年轻化的迹象。)可知,研究表明Yamanaka factors(山中因子)可以将小白鼠的皮肤变得更年轻化,故选B。
30、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段中The experiments showed that rejuvenation was more effective when the therapy was given fora long time—7 to 10 months—starting when the animals were 12 to 15 months old, equal to age 35 to 50 in humans.(实验表明,当治疗时间较长(7到10个月)时,恢复活力更有效,从动物12到15个月大开始,相当于人类的35到50岁。)可以推知,长期治疗效果更好。故选A。
31、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Tamir Chandra博士的话"In theory, biological age reversal or reduction could be possible. However, we are at very early stages where we need to understand the basic science behind it much better,"(从理论上讲,生物年龄逆转或缩短是可能的。然而,我们还处于非常早期的阶段,我们需要更好地理解它背后的基础科学,)可知,我们现在的研究还处于早期阶段,远未完成。故选A。
32、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中The annual tradition, started by the World Wildlife Fund(WWF) in 2007 in Sydney, Australia, was created to raise awareness for climate change.(2007年,世界野生动物基金会在澳大利亚悉尼创立了这个年度传统日,旨在提高人们对气候变化的认识。)可知,创立“地球一小时”是为了引起公众对环境问题的关注。因此C.To draw public attention to environmental issues.(引起公众对环境问题的关注)符合题意。故选C。
33、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的These creatures rely on the natural light cycle provided by the movement of the sun to help coordinate their sleep cycles. When this is disturbed by constant bright lights from man-made structures, it can seriously disorientate the animals and harm their physical health.(这些生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠周期。当人造建筑物持续发出的亮光打乱了这种状态时,就会使动物失去方向感,危害它们的身体健康。)可知,生物依靠太阳运动提供的自然光循环来协调它们的睡眠,而光污染打乱了这种状态,从而改变了动物的睡眠周期。B.It changes their sleep cycles.(这改变了他们的睡眠周期。)故选B。
34、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hatchlings are attracted to lights and crawl inland, or crawl aimlessly down the beach, sometimes until dawn, when predators or birds get them,” said Michael Salmon, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, Florida.(佛罗里达州博卡拉顿市佛罗里达大西洋大学的生物学家Michael Salmon说:“幼龟被灯光吸引,会向内陆爬行,或者漫无目的地沿着海滩爬行,有时会一直到天亮,这时食肉动物或鸟类会抓住它们。”)可知,人工照明会让小海龟在去海滩的路上迷路。因此C.It makes them lose their way to the beach.(这让他们迷失了去海滩的路。)符合题意。故选C。
35、答案：C
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段Artificial light has caused a “drastic change” to the natural environment of animals, research scientist Christopher Kyba told the International Dark-Sky Association. “Predators use light to hunt, and prey (猎物) species use darkness as cover,” Kyba explained. If a predator has such an extra advantage in hunting its prey, this can lead to an imbalance in the ecosystem as the hunted species are no longer able to maintain their population when they become over-hunted.(研究科学家Christopher Kyba告诉国际暗天协会,人造光已经给动物的自然环境带来了“巨大的变化”。“捕食者利用光线捕食,而猎物物种利用黑暗作为掩护,”Kyba解释说。如果食肉动物在捕捉猎物方面有这样的额外优势,这会导致生态系统的失衡,因为被捕猎的物种在过度捕猎时,不再能够维持其数量。)可知,本段主要讲了人造光对生态系统的影响,即导致生态系统失衡。因此C.The impact of artificial lights on environment.(人造光对环境的影响。)是最后一段的主旨大意。故选C。
36、答案：FCEBA
解析：①根据“Searching for a file on your computer is a whole lot easier than digging through a pile of papers, yet it's far from being a perfect system. Lately, it's been hit-or-miss for me.(在你的电脑上搜索一个文件比翻一堆文件要容易得多,但它远不是一个完美的系统。最近,这对我来说是一触即发)”以及空后“I hope some of these tips will help you.(我希望这些建议对你有所帮助)”可知,空处承上启下,表明作者对如何能够有效的找到电脑上的文件做了一些操作。F项“为了更有效地查找文件,我一直在重新安排我的数字文件系统。”符合语境。故选F。
②根据“There are plenty of ways to title your subfolders for projects, but one of the most intuitive(使用简便的) is to have folders for stages of your project.(有很多方法可以为项目的子文件夹命名,但最直观的方法之一是为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹)”可知,空处总结前面给出的方法所带来的好处,为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹最终能够让你随时知道要获取的文件是哪个。C项“这样,您就可以随时知道要获取的最终项目文件是哪个。”符合语境。C项中的this way 指代前文中的“one of the most intuitive”这种最简便的方法之一。故选C。
③根据Use “resources”, “in progress”, “final”, and “scrap” folders for projects.(对项目使用“资源”、“进行中”、“最终”和“废弃”文件夹)以及第三段的内容可知,本段详细的介绍了这几种文件夹。按顺序,The “resources” folder和“Final,”之间是“in progress”。所以本空是对“in progress”这种文件夹的介绍。E项“ ‘进行中’文件夹用于项目的当前工作版本。”符合语境。故选E。
④根据It's near impossible to find a photo quickly when you have thousands of photos all named something like "20211108_0978234.jpg." So for photos, I like to have a date structure and folders for key events or categories, such as:2021>01(for the month)>2021-01 Mom and Dad 50 Anniversary LA.(当你有数千张照片都命名为"20211108_0978234.jpg"时,几乎不可能很快找到一张照片。因此,对于照片,我喜欢为关键事件或类别设置日期结构和文件夹,例如:2021>01(月份)>2021-01妈妈和爸爸50周年纪念洛杉矶)可知,本段讲述如何设置储存照片的文件夹。B项“对于照片,请为文件夹使用日期结构和关键字。”适合作本段的标题。B项中的photos在下文中得到了复现。故选B。
⑤根据大标题“Use tags.(使用标记)”以及“In addition to creating a folder structure that works for you, consider tagging files.(除了创建适合您的文件夹结构外,还可以考虑标记文件)”可知,本段所给建议为标记文件。空处表明使用标记的好处。A项“使用标记,可以跨文件夹连接多个文件。”符合语境。A项中的With tags和前文中的consider tagging files想呼应。故选A。
37、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.wandering流浪;B.leaping跳跃;C.exercising锻炼;D.dancing跳舞。句意:Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。根据下文"She takes care of her body so she doesn't 3 it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre."可知,Misty Copeland在努力练习舞蹈,此处指扭动、旋转和跳跃。故选B。
38、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.perfects完善;B.conquers征服;C.examines检查;D.describes描述。句意:她练习和完善她的艺术优美的动作。根据下文"When she isn't performing she is practicing. When she isn't practicing, she is stretching. She takes classes almost everyday."可知,Misty Copeland是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作。故选A。
39、答案：B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.hurt伤害;B.injure使受伤;C.spoil破坏;D.abuse滥用。句意:她很注意自己的身体,以免在去芭蕾舞剧院工作时伤害到自己的身体。根据上文"She takes care of her body"可知,是为了避免伤害到自己的身体。故选B。
40、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance外观;B.voice声音;C.techniques技术;D.instruments乐器。句意:“我对待我的身体就像任何音乐家对待他们的乐器一样。”Misty说。根据上文"musician"可知,此处指音乐家们的乐器。故选D。
41、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.found发现;B.made制造;C.born出生;D.trained培训。句意:她天生自信吗?根据下文"Actually, she was a 6 girl and avoided the spotlight."可知,此处在问她天生就自信吗。故选C。
42、答案：D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.humble谦逊的;B.quiet安静的;C.cautious谨慎的;D.shy害羞的。句意:事实上,她是一个害羞的女孩,回避聚光灯。根据下文"avoided the spotlight"可知,她是一个害羞的女孩。故选D。
43、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.attend参加;B.register登记;C.learn学习;D.watch观看。句意:13岁时,Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的免费芭蕾课。根据下文"a free ballet class at the Boys & Girls Club"可知,此处指参加课程。故选A。
44、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up起立;B.catch up追赶;C.cut in切入;D.join in加入。句意:整整两个星期,Misty都坐在体育馆的长凳上看这门课,不敢加入其中。根据上文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"可知,Misty仅仅是观看,不敢加入其中。故选D。
45、答案：C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.rest休息;B.chance机会;C.try尝试;D.thought思想。句意:最后,她试了一下。根据上文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class"和下文"At first, she felt 10 in the class."可知,最后,她试了一下。故选C。
46、答案：A
解析：考查介词短语及语境理解。A.out of place格格不入;B.out of order发生故障;C.out of mind心不在焉;D.out of control失控。句意:一开始,她觉得在班里格格不入。根据下文"She didn't know anything about ballet"可知,她感到格格不入。故选A。
47、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.younger更年轻的;B.older年龄更大的;C.taller更高的;D.shorter更短的。句意:她对芭蕾一无所知,而且她比大多数学生都大。根据下文"Most ballerinas(女舞者) start their training much younger than thirteen."可知,她比大多数学生都大。故选B。
48、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.meanwhile同时;B.however然而;C.moreover此外;D.thus因此。句意:然而,随着时间的推移,她开始喜欢上这些课程了。根据上文"At first, she felt 10 in the class. She didn't know anything about ballet"及下文"she began to enjoy the lessons"可知,前后句意存在转折关系,应用转折副词。故选B。
49、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.ready准备就绪的;B.good好的;C.right合适的;D.qualified合格的。句意:她发现她的身体—尤其是她的长腿和灵活的肌肉—正好适合跳芭蕾。根据下文"especially her long legs and flexible muscles"及"After the class season ended, Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio."可知,她发现她的身体正好适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
50、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.life生活;B.major专业;C.prospect前景;D.stage阶段。句意:在接下来的五年里,芭蕾是Misty的生活。根据下文"She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs."及"For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged."可知,此处指芭蕾已成为Misty的生活。故选A。
51、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.improved改进过的;B.calm平静的;C.free自由的;D.secure安全的。句意: "表演是我最喜欢的部分,因为我在台上感到自由和开放,"她说。根据下文"For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged."可知, 她在台上感到自由和开放。故选C。
52、答案：①has become②which③styles④preference⑤visiting⑥an⑦to⑧used⑨typically⑩are added
解析：①考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:火锅,作为中国传统的民间美食,至少从汉代开始,就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食,尤其是在冬季。根据时间状语since at least the Han Dynasty(自从汉代开始)可知,主句应用现在完成时,主语Hotpot为第三人称单数,谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。
②考查定语从句。句意:火锅,作为中国传统的民间美食,至少从汉代开始,就已经成为全中国最受欢迎的美食,尤其是在冬季。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,连接词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
③考查可数名词复数。句意:在中国,从四川的麻辣火锅、广东的海鲜火锅到香港的羊肉火锅,有着不同风格的火锅和不同口味的浓汤。根据空前的形容词different(不同的)及谓语动词are可知,此处应用可数名词style的复数形式。故填styles。
④考查可数名词单数。句意:不管你喜欢什么,中国火锅总有让你感兴趣的地方。空前有形容词性物主代词your修饰,空处应填名词,prefer的名词形式是preference,表示"偏爱的事物;最喜爱的东西",是可数名词,在让步状语从句中作主语,根据空后is可知,主语为单数形式。故填preference。
⑤考查现在分词。句意:游览重庆,你将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。分析句子结构可知,在when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和be动词,visit和逻辑主语you之间是主动关系,此处应用现在分词形式。故填visiting。
⑥考查冠词。句意:游览重庆,您将有机会品尝到正宗的中国火锅。opportunity"机会"是可数名词,此处泛指“一次机会”,且opportunity是以元音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
⑦考查介词。句意:重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅,其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子可知,此处是固定搭配due to,意为"由于"。故填to。
⑧考查过去分词。句意:重庆火锅因含有四川辣椒而被称为麻辣火锅,其独特之处在于其肉和酱汁的类型。分析句子结构可知,空处应用非谓语动词形式,动词use与其逻辑主语sauce之间构成被动关系,应用其过去分词作后置定语,types of sauce used for its base指"用作其底料的酱料类型"。故填used。
⑨考查副词。句意:火锅通常放在餐桌中央的一个金属碗里。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词作状语修饰动词served。故填typically。
⑩考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:由于锅里的汤快要煮到沸点,食材就被加入沸腾的浓汤中。分析句子结构可知,空处为主句谓语动词,主语the ingredients与动词add之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态;且上文时态为一般现在时,此处也应用一般现在时;the ingredients是复数形式,be动词用are。故填are added。
53、答案：
Dear Terry,
Learning that you plan to take a cycling trip around the lake this weekend, I am writing to share some practical advice with you.
In the first place, choose a route with little or no traffic, which will reduce travel pressure, making cycling trip an easy job. Besides, it is wise of you to wear suitable cycling clothes and bicycle helmet. Last but not least, there is no doubt that it’s a good idea to prepare enough food and water, which will meet the supply of nutrients during cycling.
I wish you will have a pleasant journey!
Yours,
Li Hua
54、答案：
Hearing a noise, Alan froze, feeling something was there in the darkness. A ripple of fear crept up on him as he cast a glance there. Heart beating wildly, Alan made his way to the noise, with both of his legs trembling uncontrollably. A closer look convinced him that it was only a rabbit, which quickly disappeared in the dark. In relief, he felt the gentle breeze rubbing his face. The moon shedding its silver light on the woods, Alan was greeted by the sound of birds and insects. Enveloped by fragrant air, he felt as if in the wonderland.
The next morning, the officer asked for reports. Other campers bragged about their adventure in the dark—how they ran into some “horrible” creatures and bravely scared them off. The officer, wearing a doubtful look, offered no comments. When it was Alan’s turn, he told the truth that there were no scary animals but breathtaking scenery to be explored. A smile blossomed on the officer’s face. That was exactly what the camping was all about. Only after one overcame the fear in his own heart could he embrace the real beauty of nature.