2023届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期3月教学质量监测（二）英语试题含解析

这是一份2023届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期3月教学质量监测（二）英语试题含解析，共41页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分为四部分，共12页等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期3月教学质量监测（二）
英语试卷
(时量:120分钟 满分:150分)
注意事项：
1.本试卷分为四部分，共12页。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号与校名填写在答题卡的相应位置。
3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
第一部分：听力(略)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In honor of National Park Week, here’s a list of some of the striking features that you can find throughout America.
Petrified Forest National Park
Petrified Forest National Park is not necessarily a dangerous place…as long as you don’t steal the stones. The fossils (化石) are beautiful and somewhat look like precious stones, which makes them an attractive souvenir. But as with all National Park lands, visitors aren’t allowed to take anything from the site, including rocks, plants and animals. And for good reason, removing any of these items can harm the local ecosystem or degrade the geological features. Legend has it that taking a rock can bring about misfortune. Due to this reason, the park receives letters with returned rocks from people wishing for forgiveness for fossil theft.
Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone National Park was the first-ever national park, established in 1872. With scenic mountains and rivers and an abundance of wildlife, Yellowstone is home to more than 10,000 hydrothermal features. These include hot springs, mudpots, and over 500 geysers formed from the 2.1 million-year-old super volcano hiding below Yellowstone’s surface. Visitors from all over the world flock to Yellowstone National Park for its geysers.
Mammoth Cave National Park
With tunnels stretching over 420 miles, Mammoth Cave is the world’s largest cave system. Nearly 10 million years ago, water began to swirl its way through the limestone bed, eventually shaping the cave’s massive tunnels. Inside the cave are the classic stalactites and stalagmites, but you’ll also find other unique formations.
Devil’s Tower National Monument
The origins of this unique rock formation is that Devil’s Tower once constituted the inside of a volcano. Eventually the softer outside rock of the eroded, leaving only the harder igneous rock behind. Among the local peoples, Devil’s Tower is highly sacred. Each community passes down legends of its creation, which typically include someone escaping a big bear and finding refuge atop the rock.
1. Why must the stones be kept in Petrified Forest National Park?
A. The park is a dangerous place.
B. They are valueless stones in the park.
C. They can cause ecological and geological effects.
D. They will definitely bring bad luck according to the legend.
2. What is special in Yellowstone National Park?
A. Amazing wildlife.
B. Picturesque scenery.
C. Old history.
D. Hydrothermal wonders.
3. Which park can you visit if you want to explore the legends of the creation?
A. Petrified Forest National Park.
B. Yellowstone National Park.
C. Mammoth Cave National Park.
D. Devil’s Tower National Monument.
B
As a writer and game designer, I’ve spent most of the past 30 years trying to do various types of creative work while sitting or standing at a computer keyboard. The power of those devices has grown exponentially, enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago.
And yet I’ve been increasingly confused to realize that the productivity such as words written, problems solved, hasn’t increased one bit with the improvement of my tools.
For a long time I tried to talk myself out of this. I figured that if my computer time didn’t work efficiently, it was because I didn’t have the right software, or wasn’t using it right. I created keyboard shortcuts. I downloaded apps to track time I spent using other apps. Nothing changed the basic observed fact: I was still trapped in the state of low productivity.
For myself I’ve found that I spend the vast majority of my working computer time staring at the screen in a state of mind that ranges from “passive” to “somewhat productive, ” and in which a few minutes can stretch unnoticed into a quarter-hour, or a couple of hours. During this process, I cheat myself into believing that because I am at my desk, at my computer, I am therefore working.
It’s so easy to move words and sentences around in Word or Scrivener or Final Draft that it feels like writing, even if what I’m actually doing would rate only a 2 on the scale in which 10 is “getting an idea and writing it down. ” That is why I now keep my project notes and journals in actual notebooks. I’ve even switched to paper for my “to-do lists,” and cross off action items literally. It’s simpler and I get more done this way.
4. What do the underlined words “exponentially” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Rapidly
B. Silently
C. Unexpectedly
D. Blindly
5. What does the author want to show in paragraph 3?
A. He avoided facing the reality of his work habits.
B. He usually chooses the simplest way to accomplish tasks.
C. He is able to learn new skills and computer programs quickly.
D. He was proud of his ability to master the use of high-tech tools.
6. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The author can focus on finishing the task at his computer.
B. The author may reduce working efficiency with longer screen time.
C. The author can be extremely productive when working at computer.
D. The author can work longer time with high efficiency at his computer.
7. What is the author’s current attitude towards writing down an idea by computer?
A. Supportive
B. Indifferent
C. Unfavorable
D. Objective
C
At all hours of the day, white-aproned bakers occupy themselves in working in the Hot Bread Kitchen, throwing flour across butcher-block tables, filling metal trays with hand-shaped bread, and shifting steaming, fresh bread to cooling shelves. The only bodies at rest in this New York City bakery are pans with bread, waiting to be sent into the oven. The skilled bakers turn out around 25 varieties ranging from classic French baguettes to crisp Armenian lavash crackers-which they sell at farmers’ markets and gourmet stores.
But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a bakery: It’s a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born women the skills and support they need to establish careers in the culinary arts. Overseeing daily operation of the place-and often rolling up her own shirtsleeves to involve in-is 35-year-old founder and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez.
By mixing her lifelong passion for society with great food, Rodriguez says she has created her dream job. In 2008, Rodriguez launched the bakery in the small Brooklyn apartment she shared with roommates, hiring two immigrant women as her first bakers. “I was definitely breaking new ground, and we faced a lot of skeptics, ” she says of those early days. “But for every person who questioned it, there were five people who were interested in supporting us.” Today, Hot Bread Kitchen employs a staff of 35 and occupies a nearly 5,000-square-foot space in La Marqueta, a public market in East Harlem.
The women who bake and package Hot Bread Kitchen’s offerings range in age from 21 to 60. Coming from lands such as Haiti, Nepal, and the Dominican Republic, some have lived in the U. S. for as little as a year. Others, including production manager Antonia Garcia, who is originally from Mexico, have called America home for more than a decade. These women’s diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery’s products, like heritage tortillas and the wildly popular m’smen, a buttery bread.
The program has far surpassed Rodriguez’s original hopes. Since its humble beginnings, Hot Bread Kitchen has trained 27 women from 12 countries. They receive paid, on-the-job experience, as well as courses in bakery sciences, and English as part of a yearlong training program.
8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Constant activity of skilled workers.
B. Varieties of fresh baked goods.
C. Many different types of equipment used in bakeries.
D. Difficult working conditions of bakery employees.
9. Which of the following can best describe Jessamyn Rodriguez?
A. Adventurou1s and modest. B. Ambitious and gifted.
C. Hard-working and courageous. D. Devoted and stubborn.
10. How does the author establish the diversity of Hot Bread Kitchen?
A. By describing the courses offered to employees.
B. By introducing the backgrounds of the employees.
C. By describing the bakery’s location at La Marqueta.
D. By introducing the bakery’s development since 2008.
11. What is the main idea of the article?
A. Employees from diverse homelands produce various products.
B. The hardworking women have helped Hot Bread Kitchen develop quickly.
C. Rodriguez became a successful baker after establishing Hot Bread Kitchen.
D. Hot Bread Kitchen provides professional opportunities for immigrant women.
D
CERTAIN CREATURES-namely, bees-have evolved to be skillful flying builders. To assemble (组装) a nest, worker insects team up to do various work to the specification of a complex design that ends up being many times their size. This process takes months, many times longer than the average lifespan of all but the queen. Meanwhile the insects must adjust as they go.
It is these insect building teams that inspired Mirko Kovac, a roboticist at Imperial College London, to develop a way to improve the flexibility of 3D printing. A typical 3D printer is limited by the range of its nozzle (喷嘴), and can only make objects smaller than itself. Dr Kovac’s team has removed these limitation by using flying robots.
Dr Kovac describes a system of flying robots that is composed of two types of multi-rotor drones: builders and scanners. The builders carry the 3D-printing nozzle. The scanners are robots equipped with cameras that are responsible for monitoring the progress of the builders.
The building process alternates between builders and scanners, layer by layer, printing and adjusting, until a structure is complete. First, a builder remains suspended over its area of operation and begins to release a jet or rush of the building material along its flight path. The choice of material is important——it must be lightweight enough for the drones to carry but strong enough to hold the subsequent layers that will be built on top. Once the builder robot has sprayed a layer of material, the scanner robot flies over, inspects the progress. The system then computes the next layer that the builder should make, while also correcting for any errors that might have been discovered in what has already been built.
Because the flying robots can, in theory, operate anywhere, they could fix things in dangerous or otherwise inaccessible places. Dr Kovac says that his robots could be used to spot and seal leaks in oil or gas pipelines, repair leaky insulation or fix cracks on tall buildings. Thinking more long term, Dr Kovac even sees a potential future for his construction robots, building on the surfaces of the Moon or Mars.
12. Why does the author mention bees in the text?
A. To become a theme.
B. To introduce a topic.
C. To give an explanation.
D. To analyze the cause.
13. What is the character of typical 3D printers?
A. They can expand the range of printing.
B. They can make adjustment while printing.
C. They are more flexible than traditional ones.
D. They can make objects smaller than themselves.
14. What can we learn from the building process?
A. The Builders can correct the errors while calculating.
B. The building material should be strong enough for scanner.
C. Builders and scanners can print and monitor at the same time.
D. The building process has strict requirement of the building material.
15. What can be the suitable title for the text?
A. Teams of flying robots can make 3D objects.
B. Teams of flying robots have a limited future.
C. The flexibility of typical 3D printer has been improved.
D. Teams of flying robots have been used in dangerous situation.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your Brain Was Made For Walking
If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? ___16___.
Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. ___17___A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.
The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. ___18___
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation, the antithesis of energy. Without energy, you can’t wonder or create. ___19___ Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.
___20___ Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
A. Physical movement is unintentional.
B. In fact, you probably do it every day.
C. So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking?
D. That is why walking-with a friend, or alone-feeds creative thinking.
E. Interrupting your routine with a walk can produce fresh ideas for problems.
F. Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas.
G. Disconnecting from multimedia increases performance on all problem-solving tasks.
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a flight from Dallas Texas, to Cincinnati, Ohio, to visit a friend in 2008, event planner Paige Chenault daydreamed about the well-designed birthday parties she’d throw for her daughter one day. Then, flipping through a magazine, she saw a photo of a poor Haitian boy. “I think, this kid has ___21___ .” Paige says.
The image stayed with her, and she ___22___ to do something to help. “I decided I would use my talents to ___23___birthday parties for homeless kids,” Paige says.
For the next four years, Paige and her husband, Colin, took time out from ___24___ to visit ___25___ to determine how best to pull off the parties.
Finally, in January 2012, Paige ___26___ the Birthday Party Project and called for friends and family to help ___27___ Dallas’s 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers, celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids ___28___ . “That first party was better than I could have ever ___29___,” says Paige.
Now Paige and her ___30___ of three paid employees work with regional volunteers, aka “birthday enthusiasts” to plan ___31___ themed parties at 15 shelters across the country, some of which house abused or___32___ kids. Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.
One of Paige’s favorite parts of each party is when the kids make a wish and ___33___ the candles. “They ___34___get a chance to dream big,” says Paige.
Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties. Paige says, “The one thing I’ve always wanted is for my kid to be ___35___ . Our actions speak louder than words.”
21. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
22. A. persuaded B. appealed C. resolved D. preferred
23. A. take B. get C. turn D. throw
24. A. parenthood B. childhood C. neighborhood D. brotherhood
25. A. communities B. shelters C. factories D. hospitals
26. A. approved B. designed C. launched D. submitted
27. A. decorate B. charge C. compete D. link
28. A. in bed B. in surpise C. in attendance D. in danger
29. A. admitted B. regarded C. claimed D. imagined
30. A. audience B. family C. staff D. class
31. A. monthly B. daily C. yearly D. weekly
32. A. trapped B. abandoned C. adopted D. distinguished
33. A. cut out B. carry out C. hand out D. blow out
34. A. usually B. frequently C. rarely D. occasionally
35. A. optimistic B. generous C. reliable D. humble
第二节(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Texas, the second most populous US state, embraced Lunar New Year celebrations last month, ___36___ were more fabulously than ever before, in places ranging ___37___ public libraries to children’s museums, local bars and Asian restaurants in both big cities and some small towns.
Post Houston, a downtown entertainment and cultural center in the state’s largest city, ___38___(host) a massive Lunar New Year festival on Sunday with eye-catching performances, a carnival-like Asian pop-up market___39___(feature) food vendors, games, crafts and other cultural activities, as well as a grand party in the night. Lion and dragon dances, ___40___ (accompany) by the booming, rhythmic beating of drums and gongs, whipped up a festive atmosphere, gaining thunderous applause and cheers from ___41___ crowd of more than 1, 000 spectators.
“We didn’t have a lot of activities in the past. But ___42___ (thankful), times are changing” said Brooks. “It is a great representation of the culture. . . It’s just a great way for people to accept it, respect it, ___43___ also embrace it.” Getting into the spirit of Lunar New Year, the woman said her hope for the Year of the Rabbit is “health, happiness, prosperity and peace for everyone, and ___44___(equal) for everybody and every culture. It’s what everybody deserves ____45____(have) in this world, in America and everywhere.”
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你准备给即将回国的外教Mike送一个有中国文化特色的小礼物并附便函一封。内容包括：
1.表达对他的感谢；
2.对你的小礼物作一个简单说明；
3.邀请Mike再来中国体验中国传统文化。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。
How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, both from Canada, had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three meters off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move then. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. With incredible calmness and his former experience in the mountain, Jeremy then gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. They had to wait and hope that help would come. While they waited for help, Jeremy used his jacket and an extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together. Sensing his friend’s pain and anxiety, Jeremy gently comforted him and gave him constant encouragement in a determined tone.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried that the boys had not returned. Desperate tears welling up in the eyes, the mothers frantically prayed to God for their sons’ safety. They got in touch with park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them on Cathedral Mountain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, after four long and tiring hours’ climbing down, they came across their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案:1-5 ACBCB 6-10 BCAAB 11-15 CACAB 16-20 CABAC



2023届湖南省岳阳市高三下学期3月教学质量监测（二）
英语试卷 答案解析
(时量:120分钟 满分:150分)
注意事项：
1.本试卷分为四部分，共12页。
2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号与校名填写在答题卡的相应位置。
3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。
第一部分：听力(略)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In honor of National Park Week, here’s a list of some of the striking features that you can find throughout America.
Petrified Forest National Park
Petrified Forest National Park is not necessarily a dangerous place…as long as you don’t steal the stones. The fossils (化石) are beautiful and somewhat look like precious stones, which makes them an attractive souvenir. But as with all National Park lands, visitors aren’t allowed to take anything from the site, including rocks, plants and animals. And for good reason, removing any of these items can harm the local ecosystem or degrade the geological features. Legend has it that taking a rock can bring about misfortune. Due to this reason, the park receives letters with returned rocks from people wishing for forgiveness for fossil theft.
Yellowstone National Park
Yellowstone National Park was the first-ever national park, established in 1872. With scenic mountains and rivers and an abundance of wildlife, Yellowstone is home to more than 10,000 hydrothermal features. These include hot springs, mudpots, and over 500 geysers formed from the 2.1 million-year-old super volcano hiding below Yellowstone’s surface. Visitors from all over the world flock to Yellowstone National Park for its geysers.
Mammoth Cave National Park
With tunnels stretching over 420 miles, Mammoth Cave is the world’s largest cave system. Nearly 10 million years ago, water began to swirl its way through the limestone bed, eventually shaping the cave’s massive tunnels. Inside the cave are the classic stalactites and stalagmites, but you’ll also find other unique formations.
Devil’s Tower National Monument
The origins of this unique rock formation is that Devil’s Tower once constituted the inside of a volcano. Eventually, the softer outside rock of the eroded, leaving only the harder igneous rock behind. Among the local peoples, Devil’s Tower is highly sacred. Each community passes down legends of its creation, which typically include someone escaping a big bear and finding refuge atop the rock.
1. Why must the stones be kept in Petrified Forest National Park?
A. The park is a dangerous place.
B. They are valueless stones in the park.
C. They can cause ecological and geological effects.
D. They will definitely bring bad luck according to the legend.
2. What is special in Yellowstone National Park?
A. Amazing wildlife.
B. Picturesque scenery.
C. Old history.
D. Hydrothermal wonders.
3. Which park can you visit if you want to explore the legends of the creation?
A. Petrified Forest National Park.
B. Yellowstone National Park.
C. Mammoth Cave National Park.
D. Devil’s Tower National Monument.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了美国的一些有显著特征的国家公园。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Petrified Forest National Park下面的“And for good reason, removing any of these items can harm the local ecosystem or degrade the geological features. (而且有充分的理由，拿走这些东西中的任何一个都会损害当地的生态系统或破坏地质特征。)”可知，石头必须留在公园而不能带走的原因是这种行为会造成生态和地质影响。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Yellowstone National Park下面的“With scenic mountains and rivers and an abundance of wildlife, Yellowstone is home to more than 10,000 hydrothermal features. (黄石公园有风景优美的山川和丰富的野生动物，还拥有一万多处热液地貌。)”可知，黄石公园的特别之处在于它的热液地貌。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Devil’s Tower National Monument下面的“Each community passes down legends of its creation, which typically include someone escaping a big bear and finding refuge atop the rock. (每个社区都流传着其形成的传说，其中通常包括有人逃离一只大熊，在岩石上寻找避难所。)”可知，魔鬼塔有许多传说，所以这里是探索其传说的不错选择。故选D。
B
As a writer and game designer, I’ve spent most of the past 30 years trying to do various types of creative work while sitting or standing at a computer keyboard. The power of those devices has grown exponentially, enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago.
And yet I’ve been increasingly confused to realize that the productivity such as words written, problems solved, hasn’t increased one bit with the improvement of my tools.
For a long time I tried to talk myself out of this. I figured that if my computer time didn’t work efficiently, it was because I didn’t have the right software, or wasn’t using it right. I created keyboard shortcuts. I downloaded apps to track time I spent using other apps. Nothing changed the basic observed fact: I was still trapped in the state of low productivity.
For myself, I’ve found that I spend the vast majority of my working computer time staring at the screen in a state of mind that ranges from “passive” to “somewhat productive, ” and in which a few minutes can stretch unnoticed into a quarter-hour, or a couple of hours. During this process, I cheat myself into believing that because I am at my desk, at my computer, I am therefore working.
It’s so easy to move words and sentences around in Word or Scrivener or Final Draft that it feels like writing, even if what I’m actually doing would rate only a 2 on the scale in which 10 is “getting an idea and writing it down. ” That is why I now keep my project notes and journals in actual notebooks. I’ve even switched to paper for my “to-do lists,” and cross off action items literally. It’s simpler and I get more done this way.
4. What do the underlined words “exponentially” mean in paragraph 1?
A. Rapidly
B. Silently
C. Unexpectedly
D. Blindly
5. What does the author want to show in paragraph 3?
A. He avoided facing the reality of his work habits.
B. He usually chooses the simplest way to accomplish tasks.
C. He is able to learn new skills and computer programs quickly.
D. He was proud of his ability to master the use of high-tech tools.
6. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?
A. The author can focus on finishing the task at his computer.
B. The author may reduce working efficiency with longer screen time.
C. The author can be extremely productive when working at computer.
D. The author can work longer time with high efficiency at his computer.
7. What is the author’s current attitude towards writing down an idea by computer?
A. Supportive
B. Indifferent
C. Unfavorable
D. Objective
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们电脑并不能提升效率，相反把东西记在纸质笔记本上更简单有效。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句“The power of those devices has grown exponentially, enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago.(这些设备功能exponentially增长，使我能够通过点击或敲击键盘来创造奇迹，这在几年前是无法想象的)”中“enabling me with a click or a keystroke to create wonders that would have been unimaginable just a few years ago”可知，这些设备现在的能力的能力是以前无法想象的，由此推知，划线词是指“快速地，迅速地”，与rapidly同义。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“For a long time I tried to talk myself out of this. I figured that if my computer time didn’t work efficiently, it was because I didn’t have the right software, or wasn’t using it right. I created keyboard shortcuts. I downloaded apps to track time I spent using other apps.(在很长一段时间里，我试图说服自己不要这样想。我想，如果我使用电脑的时间不高效，那是因为我没有使用正确的软件，或者没有正确地使用它。我创建了快捷键。我下载了一些应用程序来记录我使用其他应用程序的时间)”可推知，作者在第三段中表明他最初不愿意接受自己工作效率低的现实，不愿意承认工作习惯有问题的现实。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“For myself, I’ve found that I spend the vast majority of my working computer time staring at the screen in a state of mind that ranges from “passive” to “somewhat productive, ” and in which a few minutes can stretch unnoticed into a quarter-hour, or a couple of hours. During this process, I cheat myself into believing that because I am at my desk, at my computer, I am therefore working.(就我自己而言，我发现我在电脑工作的大部分时间里都在“被动”到“有点高效”的状态下盯着屏幕，而在这种状态下，几分钟可能会不知不觉地延长到一刻钟或几个小时。在这个过程中，我欺骗自己，让自己相信，因为我在我的办公桌前，在我的电脑前，所以我是在工作)”可推知，作者在电脑前并不一定是在工作，长时间看屏幕还可能会降低工作效率。故选B项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“That is why I now keep my project notes and journals in actual notebooks. I’ve even switched to paper for my ‘to-do lists,’ and cross off action items literally. It’s simpler and I get more done this way.(这就是为什么我现在把我的项目笔记和日记保存在真正的笔记本上。我甚至把我的“任务清单”换成了纸，然后逐字划掉。这样更简单，我能完成更多的工作。)”可知，作者现在把东西都写在真正的纸质笔记本上，认为这样更简单有效，说明他不喜欢“用电脑记录想法”。故选C项。
C
At all hours of the day, white-aproned bakers occupy themselves in working in the Hot Bread Kitchen, throwing flour across butcher-block tables, filling metal trays with hand-shaped bread, and shifting steaming, fresh bread to cooling shelves. The only bodies at rest in this New York City bakery are pans with bread, waiting to be sent into the oven. The skilled bakers turn out around 25 varieties ranging from classic French baguettes to crisp Armenian lavash crackers-which they sell at farmers’ markets and gourmet stores.
But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a bakery: It’s a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born women the skills and support they need to establish careers in the culinary arts. Overseeing daily operation of the place-and often rolling up her own shirtsleeves to involve in-is 35-year-old founder and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez.
By mixing her lifelong passion for society with great food, Rodriguez says she has created her dream job. In 2008, Rodriguez launched the bakery in the small Brooklyn apartment she shared with roommates, hiring two immigrant women as her first bakers. “I was definitely breaking new ground, and we faced a lot of skeptics, ” she says of those early days. “But for every person who questioned it, there were five people who were interested in supporting us.” Today, Hot Bread Kitchen employs a staff of 35 and occupies a nearly 5,000-square-foot space in La Marqueta, a public market in East Harlem.
The women who bake and package Hot Bread Kitchen’s offerings range in age from 21 to 60. Coming from lands such as Haiti, Nepal, and the Dominican Republic, some have lived in the U. S. for as little as a year. Others, including production manager Antonia Garcia, who is originally from Mexico, have called America home for more than a decade. These women’s diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery’s products, like heritage tortillas and the wildly popular m’smen, a buttery bread.
The program has far surpassed Rodriguez’s original hopes. Since its humble beginnings, Hot Bread Kitchen has trained 27 women from 12 countries. They receive paid, on-the-job experience, as well as courses in bakery sciences, and English as part of a yearlong training program.
8. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
A. Constant activity of skilled workers.
B. Varieties of fresh baked goods.
C. Many different types of equipment used in bakeries.
D. Difficult working conditions of bakery employees.
9. Which of the following can best describe Jessamyn Rodriguez?
A. Adventurou1s and modest. B. Ambitious and gifted.
C Hard-working and courageous. D. Devoted and stubborn.
10. How does the author establish the diversity of Hot Bread Kitchen?
A. By describing the courses offered to employees.
B. By introducing the backgrounds of the employees.
C. By describing the bakery’s location at La Marqueta.
D. By introducing the bakery’s development since 2008.
11. What is the main idea of the article?
A. Employees from diverse homelands produce various products.
B. The hardworking women have helped Hot Bread Kitchen develop quickly.
C. Rodriguez became a successful baker after establishing Hot Bread Kitchen.
D. Hot Bread Kitchen provides professional opportunities for immigrant women.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了Jessamyn Rodriguez建立了非营利组织Hot Bread Kitchen来为移民女性提供职业机会。文章介绍了这一组织的一些特点。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“At all hours of the day, white-aproned bakers occupy themselves in working in the Hot Bread Kitchen, throwing flour across butcher-block tables, filling metal trays with hand-shaped bread, and shifting steaming, fresh bread to cooling shelves. The only bodies at rest in this New York City bakery are pans with bread, waiting to be sent into the oven. The skilled bakers turn out around 25 varieties ranging from classic French baguettes to crisp Armenian lavash crackers-which they sell at farmers’ markets and gourmet stores.(一天中的任何时候，穿着白围裙的面包师都在热面包厨房里忙着工作，把面粉撒在砧板上，把手形面包装满金属托盘，把热气腾腾的新鲜面包放到冷却的架子上。在纽约市的这家面包店里，唯一休息的尸体是装着面包的平底锅，等待被送入烤箱。这些熟练的面包师制作了大约25个品种，从经典的法式长棍面包到亚美尼亚脆脆的拉瓦什饼干，他们在农贸市场和美食商店出售)”可知，第一段主要讲了熟练工人的持续活动。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Overseeing daily operation of the place-and often rolling up her own shirtsleeves to involve in-is 35-year-old founder and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez.(35岁的创始人兼首席执行官Jessamyn Rodriguez负责这家餐厅的日常运营，她经常卷起衬衫袖子参与其中)”以及第三段““I was definitely breaking new ground, and we faced a lot of skeptics, ” she says of those early days.(“我绝对是在开辟新天地，我们面临着很多怀疑，”她在谈到早期的日子时说)”可推知，Jessamyn Rodriguez勤奋且勇敢。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The women who bake and package Hot Bread Kitchen’s offerings range in age from 21 to 60. Coming from lands such as Haiti, Nepal, and the Dominican Republic, some have lived in the U. S. for as little as a year. Others, including production manager Antonia Garcia, who is originally from Mexico, have called America home for more than a decade. These women’s diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery’s products, like heritage tortillas and the wildly popular m’smen, a buttery bread.(烘焙和包装热面包厨房产品的女性年龄从21岁到60岁不等。他们来自海地、尼泊尔和多米尼加共和国等地，有些人只在美国生活了一年。其他人，包括来自墨西哥的生产经理Antonia Garcia，十多年来一直把美国当作自己的家。这些女性来自不同国家的背景反映在这家面包店的许多产品上，比如传统玉米饼和广受欢迎的黄油面包)”可知，作者通过引入不同背景的员工来建立Hot Bread Kitchen的多样性。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a bakery: It’s a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born women the skills and support they need to establish careers in the culinary arts.(但Hot Bread Kitchen不仅仅是一家面包店：它是一个非营利组织，旨在为外国出生的女性提供她们在烹饪艺术领域建立职业生涯所需的技能和支持)”结合文章还介绍了这一组织的一些特点。可知，这篇文章的主旨是Hot Bread Kitchen为移民女性提供职业机会。故选D。
D
CERTAIN CREATURES-namely, bees-have evolved to be skillful flying builders. To assemble (组装) a nest, worker insects team up to do various work to the specification of a complex design that ends up being many times their size. This process takes months, many times longer than the average lifespan of all but the queen. Meanwhile the insects must adjust as they go.
It is these insect building teams that inspired Mirko Kovac, a roboticist at Imperial College London, to develop a way to improve the flexibility of 3D printing. A typical 3D printer is limited by the range of its nozzle (喷嘴), and can only make objects smaller than itself. Dr Kovac’s team has removed these limitation by using flying robots.
Dr Kovac describes a system of flying robots that is composed of two types of multi-rotor drones: builders and scanners The builders carry the 3D-printing nozzle. The scanners are robots equipped with cameras that are responsible for monitoring the progress of the builders.
The building process alternates between builders and scanners, layer by layer, printing and adjusting, until a structure is complete. First, a builder remains suspended over its area of operation and begins to release a jet or rush of the building material along its flight path. The choice of material is important——it must be lightweight enough for the drones to carry but strong enough to hold the subsequent layers that will be built on top. Once the builder robot has sprayed a layer of material, the scanner robot flies over, inspects the progress. The system then computes the next layer that the builder should make, while also correcting for any errors that might have been discovered in what has already been built.
Because the flying robots can, in theory, operate anywhere, they could fix things in dangerous or otherwise inaccessible places. Dr Kovac says that his robots could be used to spot and seal leaks in oil or gas pipelines, repair leaky insulation or fix cracks on tall buildings. Thinking more long term, Dr Kovac even sees a potential future for his construction robots, building on the surfaces of the Moon or Mars.
12. Why does the author mention bees in the text?
A. To become a theme.
B. To introduce a topic.
C. To give an explanation.
D. To analyze the cause.
13. What is the character of typical 3D printers?
A. They can expand the range of printing.
B. They can make adjustment while printing.
C. They are more flexible than traditional ones.
D. They can make objects smaller than themselves.
14. What can we learn from the building process?
A. The Builders can correct the errors while calculating.
B. The building material should be strong enough for scanner.
C. Builders and scanners can print and monitor at the same time.
D. The building process has strict requirement of the building material.
15. What can be the suitable title for the text?
A. Teams of flying robots can make 3D objects.
B. Teams of flying robots have a limited future.
C. The flexibility of typical 3D printer has been improved.
D. Teams of flying robots have been used in dangerous situation.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家受到昆虫建巢穴的启发开发了一种提高3D打印机的灵活性的方法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“CERTAIN CREATURES-namely, bees-have evolved to be skillful flying builders. (某些生物，即蜜蜂已经进化成熟练的飞行建设者)”和第二段中“It is these insect building teams that inspired Mirko Kovac, a roboticist at Imperial College London, to develop a way to improve the flexibility of 3D printing. (正是这些昆虫制造团队激发了伦敦帝国理工学院机器人学家Mirko Kovac的灵感，开发了一种提高3D打印灵活性的方法)”可知，文中提到蜜蜂是为了介绍本文的主题。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“A typical 3D printer is limited by the range of its nozzle (喷嘴), and can only make objects smaller than itself. (典型的3D打印机受到喷嘴范围的限制，只能使物体比自己小)”可知，典型的3D打印机的特点是只能把物体做得比自己小。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The choice of material is important——it must be lightweight enough for the drones to carry but strong enough to hold the subsequent layers that will be built on top. (材料的选择很重要——它必须足够轻，可以让无人机携带，但足够坚固，可以容纳将要建造在上面的后续层)”可知，我们可以从建造过程中了解到建造工艺对建造材料有严格的要求。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Dr Kovac describes a system of flying robots that is composed of two types of multi-rotor drones: builders and scanners. (正是这些昆虫制造团队激发了伦敦帝国理工学院机器人学家Mirko Kovac的灵感，开发了一种提高3D打印灵活性的方法)”等内容可知，本文介绍了科学家受到昆虫建巢穴的启发开发了一种提高3D打印机的灵活性的方法。C项“典型的3D打印机的灵活性得到了提高”符合主题。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Your Brain Was Made For Walking
If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? ___16___.
Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. ___17___A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work.
The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. ___18___
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation, the antithesis of energy. Without energy, you can’t wonder or create. ___19___ Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities.
___20___ Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder.
A. Physical movement is unintentional.
B. In fact, you probably do it every day.
C. So why not set a creativity goal that starts with walking?
D. That is why walking-with a friend, or alone-feeds creative thinking.
E. Interrupting your routine with a walk can produce fresh ideas for problems.
F. Researchers have traced connections between walking and generating ideas.
G. Disconnecting from multimedia increases performance on all problem-solving tasks.
【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了散步可以有助于创造性思维的培养。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If a president, a legendary philosopher, and one of the bestselling authors of all time credited the same secret for their success, would you try to follow it too? What if the secret was something you already knew how to do? (如果一位总统、一位传奇哲学家和一位有史以来最畅销的作家都认为他们成功的秘诀是相同的，你也会尝试遵循它吗？如果这个秘密是你已经知道怎么做的呢？)”结合后文提到了成功的秘诀是散步，可推测本句是在回答上文的问题，并引出下文散步的话题。故B选项“事实上，你可能每天都在做”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Get walking! It’s not just some people who made a case for it as a prime creativity booster. (散步！不仅仅是一些人认为它是一种主要的创造力助推器！)”以及后文“A Stanford University study found that participants were 81 percent more creative when walking as opposed to sitting. According to the study, walking outside-versus on a treadmill-produces the most novel and highest quality analogies in participants who walked and then sat down to do creative work. (斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，参与者走路时的创造力比坐着时高出81%。根据这项研究，在户外行走与在跑步机上行走相比，在步行后坐下来做创造性工作的参与者中产生了最新颖和最高质量的类比)”可知，后文提到了大学的户外行走的研究，可见有研究人员在研究走路和产生想法之间的联系。故F选项“研究人员追踪了走路和产生想法之间的联系”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据上文“The movement aspect of walking is obviously key. You’ve probably heard the phrase Exercise your creativity, which refers to the brain as muscle. Our creative mindset is stimulated by physical movement. (走路的动作显然是关键。你可能听说过“锻炼你的创造力”这句话，它把大脑比作肌肉。我们的创造性思维是由身体运动激发的)”可知，上文提到了“创造性思维是由身体运动激发的”，即回答了为什么散步可以培养创造性思维的问题。故D选项“这就是为什么散步——和朋友一起，或者独自一人——能培养创造性思维”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. The National Human Activity Pattern Survey reveals that Americans spend 87 percent of their time indoors. Being inside, you’re more likely to stagnation, the antithesis of energy. Without energy, you can’t wonder or create. (但风景几乎和汗水一样重要。全国人类活动模式调查显示，美国人87%的时间都在室内度过。待在室内，你更有可能停滞不前，这是能量的对立面。没有能量，你就无法好奇或创造)”以及后文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone, which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. (只要走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和你的舒适区，如果你想打开你的心扉，迎接新的可能性，这是必要的)”可知，上文提到待在室内无法培养创造力，后文则建议走出去，可知本句属于过渡句，指出散步的作用：打断你的日常工作可以让你对问题产生新的想法。故E选项“用散步来打断你的日常工作可以让你对问题产生新的想法”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
根据后文“Engage more closely with your surroundings for the next four weeks. Turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world, to hear conversations and natural sounds, to notice the way people move. Walk not just for exercise. Walk for wonder. (在接下来的四周里，要更密切地接触周围的环境。关掉手机，给自己一个融入世界的机会，去倾听对话和自然的声音，去注意人们移动的方式。走路不只是为了锻炼。为惊奇而行走)”可知，后文主要提出了如何专注地散步，融入世界，且提到“走路不只是为了锻炼。为惊奇而行走”，即设定创造性的目标。故C选项“那么为什么不从步行开始设定一个创造力目标呢？”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a flight from Dallas, Texas, to Cincinnati, Ohio, to visit a friend in 2008, event planner Paige Chenault daydreamed about the well-designed birthday parties she’d throw for her daughter one day. Then, flipping through a magazine, she saw a photo of a poor Haitian boy. “I think, this kid has ___21___ .” Paige says.
The image stayed with her, and she ___22___ to do something to help. “I decided I would use my talents to ___23___birthday parties for homeless kids,” Paige says.
For the next four years, Paige and her husband, Colin, took time out from ___24___ to visit ___25___ to determine how best to pull off the parties.
Finally, in January 2012, Paige ___26___ the Birthday Party Project and called for friends and family to help ___27___ Dallas’s 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers, celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids ___28___ . “That first party was better than I could have ever ___29___,” says Paige.
Now Paige and her ___30___ of three paid employees work with regional volunteers, aka “birthday enthusiasts” to plan ___31___ themed parties at 15 shelters across the country, some of which house abused or___32___ kids. Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.
One of Paige’s favorite parts of each party is when the kids make a wish and ___33___ the candles. “They ___34___get a chance to dream big,” says Paige.
Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties. Paige says, “The one thing I’ve always wanted is for my kid to be ___35___ . Our actions speak louder than words.”
21. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something
22. A. persuaded B. appealed C. resolved D. preferred
23. A. take B. get C. turn D. throw
24. A. parenthood B. childhood C. neighborhood D. brotherhood
25. A. communities B. shelters C. factories D. hospitals
26. A. approved B. designed C. launched D. submitted
27. A. decorate B. charge C. compete D. link
28. A. in bed B. in surpise C. in attendance D. in danger
29. A. admitted B. regarded C. claimed D. imagined
30. A. audience B. family C. staff D. class
31. A. monthly B. daily C. yearly D. weekly
32. A. trapped B. abandoned C. adopted D. distinguished
33. A. cut out B. carry out C. hand out D. blow out
34. A. usually B. frequently C. rarely D. occasionally
35. A. optimistic B. generous C. reliable D. humble
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为记叙文。2008年，在从得克萨斯州达拉斯飞往俄亥俄州辛辛那提看望朋友的航班上，活动策划人佩吉·切诺特梦想着有一天能为女儿举办盛大的生日派对（佩吉当时怀孕五个月）。然后，她翻阅一本杂志，看到了一张照片，照片上是一个贫穷的海地男孩，瘦骨嶙峋。于是就开始了帮助那些孩子们的行动。
【21题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：“我想，这个孩子什么都没有。”Paige说。A. everything每件事；B. nothing没有什么；C. anything任何事物；D. something某物。根据前文“she saw a photo of a poor Haitian boy.”可知，她看到一个贫穷的男孩，所以认为这个男孩什么都没有。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个画面一直萦绕在她的脑海里，她决心做点什么来帮助他。A. persuaded劝说；B. appealed上诉；C. resolved下定决心；D. preferred较喜欢。根据后文“I decided I would use my talents to 　　3　　birthday parties for homeless kids”可知，佩吉·切诺特决定去帮助男孩。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我决定用我的才能为无家可归的孩子们举办生日派对，”佩吉说。A. take取走；B. get得到；C. turn转动；D. throw举行聚会。根据后文“determine how best to pull off the parties”可知，是举办生日派对。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的四年里，佩吉和她的丈夫科林(Colin)从为人父母的工作中抽出时间，走访收容所，以确定如何最好地举办派对。A. parenthood做父母的身份；B. childhood童年；C. neighborhood邻里；D. brotherhood兄弟情谊。根据前文“Paige and her husband, Colin”可知，此处说的是他们两人的身份，应该是为人父母的身份。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的四年里，佩吉和她的丈夫科林(Colin)从为人父母的工作中抽出时间，走访收容所，以确定如何最好地举办派对。A. communities社区；B. shelters收容所；C. factories工厂；D. hospitals医院。根据后文“Finally, in January 2012, Paige 　　6　　 the Birthday Party Project and called for friends and family to help 　　7　　 Dallas’s 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter with balloons and streamers”可知，他们是去收容所。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，佩吉在2012年1月发起了“生日派对计划”(Birthday Party Project)，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A. approved赞成；B. designed设计；C. launched发起；D. submitted提交。根据后文“the Birthday Party Project and called for friends and family to help 　　7　　 Dallas’s 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter”可知项目已经开始了，结合选项应该是发起项目。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，佩吉在2012年1月发起了“生日派对计划”(Birthday Party Project)，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的 75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A. decorate装饰；B. charge收费；C. compete竞争；D. link链接。根据后文“with balloons and streamers”可知，此处是用气球和彩带来装饰。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：最后，佩吉在2012年1月发起了“生日派对计划”(Birthday Party Project)，呼吁朋友和家人用气球和彩带帮助装饰达拉斯的75-occupant Family Gateway Shelter，为11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加。A. in bed卧床，睡着；B. in surpise惊讶地；C. in attendance 出席（某活动）；D. in danger处于危险之中。根据前文“celebrating the birthdays of 11 boys and girls, with 60 more homeless kids”并结合选项，可知，此处是给11名男孩和女孩庆祝生日，还有60多名无家可归的孩子参加之意。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“第一个派对比我想象的要好，”佩吉说。A. admitted承认；B. regarded认为；C. claimed宣称；D. imagined想象。根据前文“That first party was better than I could have ever”可知，第一次派对比想象中要好。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，佩吉和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A. audience观众；B. family家人；C. staff全体职工；D. class班级。根据后文“paid employees work with regional volunteers”可知，佩吉支付了报酬，所以是她的员工。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，佩吉和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A. monthly每个月的；B. daily每天的；C. yearly每年的；D. weekly每周的。根据后文“Each child celebrating a birthday that month gets a $30 gift, a decorative place mat, and an individual cake or cupcake.”可知，派对是每月都举办一次。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，佩吉和她的三名带薪员工与地区志愿者(又名“生日爱好者”)合作，在全国15个收容所计划每月举办主题派对，其中一些收容所收留了受虐待或被遗弃的儿童。A. trapped受困的；B. abandoned被遗弃的；C. adopted被收养的；D. distinguished尊贵的。根据前文“abused or”中的or可知，空处和abused并列且意思相近，结合选项可知，B项“abandoned被遗弃的”符合。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次派对上，佩吉最喜欢的一个环节就是孩子们许愿，吹蜡烛。A. cut out切断；B. carry out实施；C. hand out分发；D. blow out吹灭。根据前文“the kids make a wish”和后文“the candles.”结合常识可知，此处是指生日许愿吹蜡烛。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他们很少有机会有大梦想，”佩吉说。A. usually通常；B. frequently频繁地；C. rarely罕有；D. occasionally偶尔地。根据前文“some of which house abused or　　12　　 kids. ”可知，这些无家可归的孩子很少有大梦想，此处指过生日的大梦想。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：佩吉说:“我一直想要的一件事就是我的孩子慷慨大方。我们的行动比语言更响亮。”A. optimistic乐观的；B. generous慷慨的；C. reliable可信赖的；D. humble谦逊的。根据前文“Her daughter, Lizzie, now seven, often helps out at the parties.”可知，她的女儿也经常帮助他们举办活动去帮助贫困儿童，所以佩吉希望女儿能学会慷慨。故选B项。
第二节(共10个小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Texas, the second most populous US state, embraced Lunar New Year celebrations last month, ___36___ were more fabulously than ever before, in places ranging ___37___ public libraries to children’s museums, local bars and Asian restaurants in both big cities and some small towns.
Post Houston, a downtown entertainment and cultural center in the state’s largest city, ___38___(host) a massive Lunar New Year festival on Sunday with eye-catching performances, a carnival-like Asian pop-up market___39___(feature) food vendors, games, crafts and other cultural activities, as well as a grand party in the night. Lion and dragon dances, ___40___ (accompany) by the booming, rhythmic beating of drums and gongs, whipped up a festive atmosphere, gaining thunderous applause and cheers from ___41___ crowd of more than 1, 000 spectators.
“We didn’t have a lot of activities in the past. But ___42___ (thankful), times are changing” said Brooks. “It is a great representation of the culture. . . It’s just a great way for people to accept it, respect it, ___43___ also embrace it.” Getting into the spirit of Lunar New Year, the woman said her hope for the Year of the Rabbit is “health, happiness, prosperity and peace for everyone, and ___44___(equal) for everybody and every culture. It’s what everybody deserves ____45____(have) in this world, in America and everywhere.”
【答案】36. which
37. from 38. hosted
39. featuring
40. accompanied
41. a 42. thankfully
43. and 44. equality
45. to have
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了德克萨斯州休斯顿的农历新年庆祝活动。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：美国人口第二多的州德克萨斯州上个月迎来了农历新年庆祝活动，从公共图书馆到儿童博物馆，从当地酒吧到大城市和一些小城镇的亚洲餐馆，庆祝活动比以往任何时候都更加精彩。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Lunar New Year celebrations，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：美国人口第二多州德克萨斯州上个月迎来了农历新年庆祝活动，从公共图书馆到儿童博物馆，从当地酒吧到大城市和一些小城镇的亚洲餐馆，庆祝活动比以往任何时候都更加精彩。from...to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填from。
【38题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：休斯顿是该州最大城市的市中心娱乐和文化中心，周日举办了一场盛大的农历新年活动，表演引人注目，还有一个类似嘉年华的亚洲快闪市场，包括食品摊贩、游戏、工艺品和其他文化活动，以及夜间的盛大派对。分析句子可知，host(主办，主办)是句中谓语动词，与主语Post Houston之间是主动关系，结合句中时间状语on Sunday可知，应使用一般过去时态，谓语动词用过去式。故填hosted。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：休斯顿是该州最大城市的市中心娱乐和文化中心，周日举办了一场盛大的农历新年活动，表演引人注目，还有一个类似嘉年华的亚洲快闪市场，包括食品摊贩、游戏、工艺品和其他文化活动，以及夜间的盛大派对。分析句子可知，feature(以……为特色)作后置定语修饰名词pop-up market，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语pop-up market之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动。故填featuring。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：舞狮和舞龙，伴随着轰隆的、有节奏的锣鼓声，激起了节日的气氛，赢得了1000多名观众雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。分析句子可知，accompany(伴随)作后置定语修饰名词Lion and dragon dances，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Lion and dragon dances之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填accompanied。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：舞狮和舞龙，伴随着轰隆的、有节奏的锣鼓声，激起了节日的气氛，赢得了1000多名观众雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。可数名词crowd在句中表示“一群……”，泛指，crowd发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰；a crowd of...“一大群；许多的”。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：但值得庆幸的是，时代正在改变。根据句意，提示词作评注性状语，表示“庆幸的是”，应用副词thankfully。故填thankfully。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：这是一种让人们接受、尊重并拥抱它的好方法。分析句子可知，动词“accept it”、“respect it”和“embrace it”是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：在谈到农历新年的精神时，这位妇女说她对兔年的希望是“每个人都健康、幸福、繁荣与和平，每个人和每种文化都平等。这是在这个世界上、在美国和在其他地方，每个人都应该拥有的”。根据句意和连词and可知，提示词与名词“health, happiness, prosperity and peace”是并列关系，也应用名词形式equality，且抽象名词不可数。故填equality。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在谈到农历新年的精神时，这位妇女说她对兔年的希望是“每个人都健康、幸福、繁荣与和平，每个人和每种文化都平等。这是在这个世界上、在美国和在其他地方，每个人都应该拥有的”。deserve to do...是固定搭配，用不定式作宾语。故填to have。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你准备给即将回国的外教Mike送一个有中国文化特色的小礼物并附便函一封。内容包括：
1.表达对他的感谢；
2.对你的小礼物作一个简单说明；
3.邀请Mike再来中国体验中国传统文化。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Mike,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mike，
How time flies! It’s too bad that you have to leave soon. No words can express my gratitude to you for what you have done in our school.
To express my appreciation, I chose the paper-cut as a gift, a reminder of our unforgettable time here. The vivid pictures cut out from common colorful paper are a traditional yet popular choice for decoration in my country.
As one of your guides, I hope you’ll like the small gift and come back to experience more Chinese traditional culture.
With best wishes!
Sincerely Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给即将回国的外教Mike送一个有中国文化特色的小礼物并附便函一封。
【详解】1.词汇积累
感谢：gratitude→thanks
礼物：gift→present
生动的：vivid→lively
希望：hope→expect
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The vivid pictures cut out from common colorful paper are a traditional yet popular choice for decoration in my country.
拓展句：The vivid pictures which are cut out from common colorful paper are a traditional yet popular choice for decoration in my country.
【点睛】【高分句型1】No words can express my gratitude to you for what you have done in our school. (运用了what引导的名词性从句作宾语)
【高分句型2】To express my appreciation, I chose the paper-cut as a gift, a reminder of our unforgettable time here. (运用了非谓语动词不定式作目的状语)
第二节读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
How far would you go to help a friend? Jeremy Savage, aged 17, and Ian Marshall, aged 16, both from Canada, had their friendship tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves while their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
However, trouble began when they started the climb down. On one very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three meters off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him badly injured and not able to move then. Jeremy had to decide what to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and then tried to help Ian stand up, but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. With incredible calmness and his former experience in the mountain, Jeremy then gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. They had to wait and hope that help would come. While they waited for help, Jeremy used his jacket and an extra shirt to keep Ian warm and they rested together. Sensing his friend’s pain and anxiety, Jeremy gently comforted him and gave him constant encouragement in a determined tone.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very worried that the boys had not returned. Desperate tears welling up in the eyes, the mothers frantically prayed to God for their sons’ safety. They got in touch with park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them on Cathedral Mountain.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, after four long and tiring hours’ climbing down, they came across their parents.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】As the evening grew darker and the temperature dropped, Ian told Jeremy to leave him and go back to their parents. But Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too dangerous for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night. However, with the surroundings from chilly to freezing, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the campsite. Sometimes Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Sometimes he carried him in his arms.
Finally, after four long and tiring hours’ climbing down, they came across their parents. Upon seeing the two boys, their parents dashed to wrap them in their arms. All the fear, cold and even pain were seemingly driven away by the reunion with their parents. Jeremy and Ian burst into tears, sobbing out what had happened in this adventure. On the way to the hospital, Ian held on tight to Jeremy’s hand, saying,“I’ll always remember what you did for me. You saved my life.” Jeremy winked at him with a smiling face, “That’s the greatest thing that a person can do for his friend.”
【解析】
【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeremy Savage和Ian Marshall在爬山过程中，Ian从三米高的地方掉了下来，受了严重的伤。Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的故事。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“夜幕降临，气温下降，伊恩让杰里米离开他，回到父母身边。”可知，第一段可描写Jeremy不离不弃，奋力相救的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，经过四个小时漫长而疲惫的爬下，他们遇到了父母。”可知，第二段可描写二人获救的过程。
2.续写线索：冻得瑟瑟发抖——决定背Ian下山——回程很艰难——Ian乞求Jeremy丢下他——Jeremy摇头——一束光闪烁——二人欣喜若狂——遇到父母——二人获救
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①决定：decide/determine/make up mind
②突然大哭：burst into tears/burst out crying
③拯救：save/rescue
情绪类
①恐惧：fear/horror/terror
②疲惫的：tiring/weary/fatigue
【点睛】[高分句型1]However, with the surroundings from chilly to freezing, Jeremy decided that the only way to help his friend was to carry him down the mountain.(that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]Jeremy and Ian burst into tears, sobbing out what had happened in this adventure.(what引导的宾语从句)