2021-2022学年江苏省如皋中学高三下学期5月阶段性考试英语试题（原卷+解析版）

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  江苏省如皋中学2022届高三下学期阶段性考试英语第一部分 听力( 共两节，满分 30 分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节( 共 5小题; 每小题 1.5分，满分 7.5分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the woman forget to take？A. Her bag.  B. Her umbrella.  C. Her phone.2. What's the relationship between the speakers？A. Colleagues.  B. Husband and wife.  C. Employer and employee.3. When will the man adjust the equipment temperature？A. In 20 minutes.  B. In 10 minutes.  C. In 15 minutes.4. What do we learn from the conversation？A. William is not interested in the scholarship.B. No one wants the scholarship.C. William really wants the scholarship.5. Where did this conversation most probably take place？A. In a kitchen  B. In a garden  C. At a picnic第二节( 共 15小题; 每小题 1.5分，满分 22.5分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What did the woman do last night？A. She went to a party.  B. She did some cooking.  C. She visited her family.7. Why won't the man go home？A. He only has a short vocation.B. He can't afford the fare.C. He needs to do some volunteering.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8. What does the woman want to know?A. How to cancel a credit card.B. How to save some money.C. How to withdraw some money.9. What do you know about the conversation?A. The woman will get a bank account.B. The woman is in a bank.C. The woman lives near Kingfield Street.10. Where will the woman go?A. Green College.  B. Dudley Road.  C. Kingfield Street.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What color is the woman in today？A.  Blue.  B. Pink.  C. Yellow.12. What impression might pink create according to the man？A. Mature.  B. Sweet.  C. Energetic.13. What does John say about his wife？A. She has a good taste in dressing.B. She is just a beginner of clothing.C. She is a well-known color expert.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。14. What is the man doing now?A. Looking for his watch  B. Looking for his phone.  C. Looking for his keys.15. Where are the speakers?A. In the car.  B. In the yard.  C. In the bedroom.16. What is the woman's advice?A. Taking a short break.B. Thinking about yesterday's paths.C Searching for it together.17. What will the woman do next?A. Call Amy. B. Check the laundry. C. Repair the washing machine.听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。18. How much dessert do American consume per person per year?A. 5 kg.  B. 10 kg.  C. 15 kg.19. What shows the popularity of desserts in America?A. Desserts weekends.  B. Desserts shops.  C. Desserts websites.20. What does the speech mainly talk about?A. The origin of desserts.B. The dessert consumption in Great Britain.C. The status of desserts in America.第二部分 阅读( 共两节，满分 50分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASummer servicesSummer services contacts area non-profit organizations to determine the number of volunteers needed at the organizations throughout the summer weeks. Students sign up for volunteer expectations with Summer Services at the Activities Fair on Opening Weekend. Trips are scheduled throughout the summer on Saturdays.Harvard Summer School OrchestraThe Harvard Summer School Orchestra is currently in its thirty-fifth season and the direction of Juith Zuckerman. Practice sessions are from 6:30 p.m. to 9 p.m., in Sanders Theatre, on the following dates: Friday, June 28; Mondays, starting from July 1; and Friday, July 26. The performance is scheduled for Saturday, July 27, at 8 p.m. in Sanders Theatre, memorial Hall. For more information, please email hsso@verizon. net.Harvard Summer Pops BandThis band is open to most instrument players from both Harvard and the Greater Boston area, regardless of age or experience.Practice sessions are Wednesdays in Sanders Theatre from 7:15 p.m. to 9:30 p.m., starting from 24 June. The band will perform two concerts. The first on 23 July at 4 p.m. in Tercentenary Theater, Harvard Yard, and the second on 26 July at 3 p.m. at the Hatch Memorial Shell in Boston. For more information, email meolson @ fas. Harvard. edu.Harvard Summer ChorusThe chorus, founded in 1936, is led by Andrew Clark, Harvard University 's Director of Choral Activities. Practice sessions are Tuesdays and Thursdays, 7 p.m. to 9:30 p.m., in Sander Theatre, starting from Tuesday,25 June. The final performance is scheduled for Friday, 2 August at 8 p.m., in Sanders Theatre, Memorial Hall. Visited the Harvard Summer Chorus website or email harvardsummerchorus@gmail.com for more information.1. Which of the following suits those who are only available on the weekend?A. Summer services.B. Harvard Summer School Orchestra.C. Harvard Summer Pops Band.D. Harvard Summer Chorus.2. What do we know about Harvard Summer Pops Band?A. There are two practice sessions in total.B. It's only suitable for experienced players.C. Each practice session lasts nearly three hours.D. The concerts will be held in different theatres.3. What do the three musical clubs have in common?A. They all date back to over three decades ago.B. They all have performances in Sanders Theatre.C. All of their activities are scheduled in the summer vacation.D. They all have practice sessions at least twice a week.BThe literary world has a new star. Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this year’s winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration (揭示) of the effects of colonialism (殖民主义)and the fate of the refugee (难民)”.Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania. In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories. Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering caused by war and colonialism.“The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world,” Gurnah told The New York Times.His 1994 novel Paradise, which tells the story of a boy growing up in early 20th century Tanzania, marked his breakthrough as a novelist and won the Booker Prize. Afterlives, his most recent work, continues the narrative of Paradise and takes place during the period of German colonialism in Tanzania.Before he retired, Gurnah,73, was a professor of English and Postcolonial Literatures at the University of Kent in England. Although Gurnah’s first language is Swahili, he adopted English as his literary language. His writing often contains traces of Arabic, Swahili and German, as well.Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognized as one of the world’s more preeminent post-colonial writers”.Ethiopian-American novelist Maaza Mengiste described Gunah’s writings as being “like a gentle blade (刀刃) slowly moving in”.“He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of heart for people of East Africa,” Mengiste said. “He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren’t heard, but there’s an insistence there that we listen.”4. What are Gurnah’s works mainly about?A. The life of the people in Tanzania. B. Effects of war and colonialism.C. Experiences of living abroad. D. Growth in an underdeveloped nation.5. What can we know about Gurnah?A. He was inspired to write by his refugee experience.B. He used to be a professor of law and literature.C. He publishes his works in Arabic and Swahili.D. He was not well-known until he won the Nobel Prize.6. What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnah’s writing?A. It is elegantly written in his native language.B. It is widely welcomed by people around the world.C. It is powerful and employs sharp language.D. It calls for attention to the life of the underclass.7. What does the underlined word “preeminent” in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Awful. B. Potential. C. Outstanding. D. Particular.CThey say procrastination (拖延) is the thief of time — actually deadlines are. New research has found that if you want someone to help you out with something, it is best not to set a deadline at all. But if you do set a deadline, make it short. Professor Stephen Knowles tested the effect of deadline length on task completion for their research. Participants were invited to complete an online survey concerning a charity donation. They were given either one week, one month, or no deadline to respond. Professor Knowles says although the topic of the survey was about charity, the results are true of any situation where someone asks another person for help. The study found responses to the survey were lowest for the one-month deadline and highest when no deadline was specified (明确规定). No deadline and the one-week deadline led to many early responses, while a long deadline appeared to give people permission to procrastinate, and then forget. Professor Knowles wasn’t surprised to find that specifying a shorter deadline increased the chances of receiving a response compared to a longer deadline. However, he did find it interesting that they received the most responses when no deadline was specified. “We interpret this as evidence that specifying a longer deadline, as opposed to a short deadline or no deadline at all, removes the urgency to act,” he says. “People therefore put off undertaking the task, and since they are inattentive or forget, postponing it results in lower response rates.”He says of the research that it is possible that not specifying a deadline might still have led participants to assume that there is an unspoken deadline. Professor Knowles hopes his research can help reduce the amount of procrastinating people do. “Many people procrastinate. They have the best intentions of helping someone out, but just do not get around to doing it.”8 Why did Professor Knowles do the research?A. To study the role a deadline plays in procrastination.B. To find out whether people are interested in charity.C. To attract public attention to the effects of procrastination.D. To test the effect of procrastination on task completion.9. What most likely leads to procrastination?A. No deadlines. B. Short deadlines.C. Specific deadlines. D. Long deadlines.10. Why do people procrastinate when given a long deadline?A They oppose the deadline. B. They are unwilling to act.C. They lack a sense of urgency. D. They are too busy to remember.11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Procrastination — the Thief of TimeB. Procrastination — an Urgent Problem to SolveC. Deadline — a Result of ProcrastinationD. Deadline — the Key to Reducing ProcrastinationDEyes are said to be the window to the soul — but researchers at Google see them as indicators of a person’s health. A study suggests that Google’s computers can predict whether someone is at risk of a heart attack by analyzing a photograph of their retina (视网膜).The research relied on a convolutional neural network, a type of deep-learning algorithm (算法) that is transforming how biologists analyse images. Google’s approach is part of a wave of new deep-learning applications that are making image processing easier and could even identify overlooked biological phenomena.The approach took off in the tech sector around 2012, but scientists struggled to apply the networks to biology, in part because of cultural differences between fields. “Take a group of smart biologists and put them in a room of smart computer scientists and they will talk two different languages to each other, and have different mindsets,” says Daphne Koller, chief computing officer at Calico.However, through years of study, some scientists have seen a shift that has never happened before in how well machine learning can accomplish biological tasks that have to do with imaging. Others are most excited by the idea that analysing images with convolutional neural networks could unknowingly reveal unnoticeable biological phenomena, encouraging biologists to ask questions they might not have considered before.Such discoveries could help to advance disease research. If deep learning can reveal markers of cancer in an individual cell, it could help to bring about new assumptions about how cancer spreads.Other machine-learning experts in biology have set their sights on new frontiers, now that convolutional neural networks are taking flight for image processing. “Imaging is important, but so is chemistry and molecular (分子) data,” says Alex Wolf, a computational biologist. Wolf hopes to improve neural networks so that they can analyse gene expression. “I think there will be a very big breakthrough in the next few years,” he says.12. What do we know about a convolutional neural network?A. It can predict diseases. B. It is a learning machine.C. It can transform images. D. It is an image processor.13. What can we infer from Daphne Koller’s words?A. Barriers exist in certain fields. B. Scientists have different research aims.C. Characters prevent scientific cooperation. D. Technical limitation is the biggest challenge.14. With further study of convolutional neural networks, ______.A. many biological questions get answeredB. it drives biologists to explore the field widelyC. image analysis can go on without being noticedD. many deep-learning applications have been improved15. What is implied in the last paragraph?A. Neural networks are promising. B. It is convenient to process images.C. It is necessary to work on new frontiers. D. Analyzing gene expression is imperfect.第二节( 共 5小题; 每小题 2.5分，满分 12.5分)阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Rethinking Obesity(肥胖症)In principle, it sounds simple: eat less and move more. This dietary advice for dealing with obesity has been around for decades. ____16____ So why hasn’t this approach to weight control worked?One possibility is that we haven’t tried hard enough. Perhaps we have lacked the discipline and willpower to maintain healthy dietary and exercise habits—a challenge made more difficult today for those surrounded by inexpensive, tasty highly processed foods.____17____ In a recent paper, my colleagues and I question the basic assumption of whether taking in more calories than you burn really is the primary cause of obesity. We argue that we are driven to overeat because we are getting fatter.The key to how this works in obesity is insulin (胰岛素) processed, rapidly digestible carbohydrates (碳水化合物食品) raise our insulin level too high. ____18____ A few hours after eating a high-carb meal, the number of calories in the blood stream falls suddenly, so we get hungrier sooner after eating. The two opposing views of cause and effect in obesity have very different implications for how to prevent and treat weight problems. The usual approach focuses on how much to eat, with prescriptions (处方) for daily calorie intake. ____19____ Higher-fat foods may help get rid of body fat, a possibility supported by clinical trials comparing high-fat diets with low-fat ones.This way of thinking might help explain why calorie restriction usually fails long before a person with obesity approaches an ideal body weight. A low-calorie, low-fat diet further restricts an already limited supply of energy to the body, worsening hunger without addressing the underlying tendency to store too many calories in body fat. ____20____Although much more research will be needed to test this idea, it is time to question the basic assumptions about cause and effect calories and weight gain that have controlled our thinking.A. Yet, worldwide obesity rates just keep going up.B. In our view the emphasis should be place a on what to eat.C It is important to control the amount of food consumed by us.D. Obesity is a disease that affects 650 million adults worldwide.E. Or perhaps the problem is the focus on “calorie balance” itself.F. Weight loss becomes a battle between mind and metabolism(新陈代谢).G. This causes fat cells to take in to many calories, leaving fewer for the rest of the body.第三部分 语言运用( 共两节，满分 30分)第一节( 共 15小题; 每小题 1分，满分 15分)Once upon a time, my father and I got lost in a forest in France. I must have been about twelve or thirteen. Anyway, it was before the time when most people ___21___ a mobile phone. It was in the Loire Valley. About half an hour, my dad ___22___ the truth. “Oh, it seems that we’re lost.” We walked around and around in circles, trying to find the path, ___23___ with no luck. I could tell my dad was starting to ___24___, even as he was trying to hide it from me. We had been in the forest for hours then and both knew my mom would be in a state of absolute ___25___. At school, I had just been told the story of the hikers who had died in the wilderness and I found it easy to ___26___ that would be our fate too. “If we keep going in a ___27___ line we’ll get out of here,” my dad said.And he was right. ___28___ we heard the sound of cars and ___29___ a main road. We were eleven miles from the village where we had ___30___, but at least we had signposts. And I often think of that strategy, when I am totally ___31___ — literally or metaphorically (比喻). I thought of it when I was in the middle of a ___32___, when my heart beat rapidly with ___33___ and didn’t know how I could carry on living. Walking one foot in front of the other, in the same ___34___, will always get you further than running around in circles. It’s about the ___35___ to keep walking forward.21. A. owned B. borrowed C. invented D. promoted22. A. revealed B. realized C. told D. faced23. A. all B. if C. yet D. so24. A. complain B. erupt C. regret D. panic25. A. terror B. anger C. disappointment D. loss26. A. decide B. announce C. imagine D. clarify27. A. simple B. short C. straight D. similar28. A. Regularly B. Eventually C. Surprisingly D. Generally29. A. chose B. missed C. followed D. reached30. A. set off B. passed C. called at D. lived31. A. lost B. sensitive C. angry D. stuck32. A. term B. race C. performance D. breakdown33. A. excitement B. surprise C. fear D. interest34. A. way B. cycle C. direction D. distance35. A. ambition B. determination C. inspiration D. cooperation第二节( 共 10小题，每小题 1.5分，满分 15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The game of weiqi can date back to 4000 years ago. There are mentions of a similar game____36____(call)yì made by Confucius and Mencius____37____it is not certain that it is the same game.The name “Go” comes from its name in Japan. Like many Japanese traditions it____38____(adopt)from China during the Tang dynasty____39____Chinese influence was at its peak. As it made its way to the west via Japan, it is the Japanese form of the game that is most____40____(wide)played now. The game, which can be literally translated as “encirclement game”, was long considered to be an appropriate study for scholars as it taught people a____41____(vary)of strategies(策略).____42____(rule)of weiqi are extraordinarily simple. There are 180 identical(完全一样的)white pieces and 181 identical black pieces____43____(fight)against each other on a board 19×19 lines. Black starts first and then the players take it in turn to place one piece into____44____unoccupied place on the board until all the pieces have been played. There is nothing special about a 19×19 board, and____45____(small)sizes are used by beginners.第四部分 写作( 共两节，满分 40  分)第一节 应用文( 满分 15  分)46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，邀请了即将来访的新西兰学生交流团参加你校成人礼。请给领队Mrs. Evans再写一份电子邮件，附上活动具体安排（附件）。你的邮件正文内容包括：1. 成人礼大致安排；2. 希望读完附件，提出建议；3. 期盼到来。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：成人礼the coming-of-age ceremony；附件attachment第二节( 满分 25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My parents do a lot of embarrassing things! Usually, it’s my dad who sings silly songs or tells corny jokes around my friends. But a few weeks ago, it was my mother who played the embarrassing-parent role.While my mom and I were shopping, we ran into my teacher, who mentioned that the school didn’t have a music teacher to help our class put together a performance for Winter Fair. And, right then and there, my mom said, “I know the perfect song and dance. I’ll teach it to the kids!”Before I could say “Please don’t”, my mom had agreed to come to my class every morning at 9:30 for a week. Oh, and just to be clear, it’s not as if she’s a professional entertainer. My parents run a small grocery store, and the only singing my mom does is in the shower.“Um” I said on our way home, “are you sure this is such a good idea?” “Of course!” she said. “If we want your school Winter Fair to happen, people need to step up and volunteer.” “I know volunteering is important,” I said, “but couldn’t you help out in Tex and Indi’s kindergarten instead?” She laughed, “Don’t be silly. We will have fun!”“OK, fellas!” my teacher said at 9:28 on Monday. “We’re going to stop silent reading a little early today because a special guest is here to help us with a performance for Winter Fair. Let’s all welcome Arizona’s mother.”I looked up to discover my mom standing at the front of the room wearing the world’s silliest snowflake hat. “I’m super excited to be here with you!” my mom said, “I’m going to teach you a fun little song-and-dance performance I learned a few years back, when I did some theater in college. Here goes!”Oh please, oh please, I said over and over in my head, let there be a fire drill, or an assembly, or a power failure, or anything to stop my mom from completely embarrassing herself — and me!!!But apparently, my mom was not at all concerned about looking silly. She turned on some background music and started singing and dancing away.注意：1. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；2. 续写词数应为150左右。Paragraph 1“How I wish I could find a place to hide!” was all I could think. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2My mom turned out to be more than a little OK at performing. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________