河南省信阳高级中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期4月测试（一）试题（Word版附解析）

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河南省信阳高级中学2022-2023学年高三下期04月测试（一）
英语试题
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Explorers Camp
·Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
·Monday-Friday,July 8-26,9am-4pm.
Week 1|July 8-12
Week 2|July 15-19
Week 3|July 22-26
·Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
·Fees: $365 per week.
·The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund （退款） is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break,followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Content
Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
21. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund？
A. June 12.
B. June 22.
C. July 19.
D. July 26.
22. How are campers divided into different groups？

A. By gender.
B. By nationality.
C. By interest.
D. By age.
23. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week？

A. 15.
B. 21.
C. 30.
D. 42.
B
Anthony Doerr's new bestseller，All the Light We Cannot See，holds special appeal for me. That's how I would describe it. From the poetic language，to the realization of what the tile actually means：that underneath the surface of history，there is light that has not been seen，and stories that have gone untold.
I'm going to be honest-love for this book didn't hit me straight away. In fact，my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier， lighter and less descriptive to read. But this book is built on beautiful imagery. Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany，and the metaphorical（隐喻性的）sense-scientific and philosophical references to light，to seeing and not seeing，and the differences between the two. It's a beautiful work of genius，but it does get a little complicated at times.
However，when we get into the meat of this World War II novel， it's also an upsetting story of a childhood torn apart by war. It's about Parisian Marie Laure who has been blind since she was six，and a German orphan called Werner who finds himself at the center of the Hitler Youth.Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy,each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.
I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page，there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel（平行的）to one another and sometimes， just sometimes， crossing in the strangest way. These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart， and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this，more than the predictably awful tale of war，that made me feel quite emotional.
24. What does the writer think of the book？
A. Light and easy to read.
C. Fascinating but too descriptive.
B. Rich in philosophical ideas.
D. Too complicated for its theme.
25. What can we learn about Marie Laure and Werner？
A. The war leads to their sensitivity.
B. They know each other at an early age.
C. The Hitler Youth pushes them to grow.
D. They both have a miserable childhood.
26. What particularly stirred the writer's emotions？
A. The book's dramatic ending.
B. The book's beautiful imagery.
C. The characters' interconnected destiny.
D. The suffering brought by World War II.
27. What is the purpose of this text？
A. To share the writer's feelings of a book.
B. To recommend a delightful bestseller.
C. To tell readers a heartbreaking story.
D. To analyze the structure of a book.
C
The sperm whale is an astonishing creature. It's longer than a semi-truck，weighs more than 90000 pounds and is the largest member of the toothed whale family. It's known to dive 6500 feet in search of food，and to stay down there for longer than an hour at a time.
Perhaps most fantastically，the sperm whale's brain weighs as much as 20 pounds-the biggest of any species on Earth. But when it comes to brains，is size all that matters？There’s a lot we don't know about the sperm whale's intelligence because it's difficult to carry out neurological（神经的）testing on such a huge marine mammal. But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for.
A 2021 study published in Biology Letters，for example,looked back to 19th-century historical logbooks from whalers. Researchers found that sperm whales were at first easy to catch-but almost immediately, the whales learned how to evade hunters and whaling success dropped by 60 percent. The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through sound waves to avoid being caught.
Animals that have big brains usually have a few things in common. They usually live long lives；for example，sperm whales can live for 70 years or longer. Additionally，they're capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more social. Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own.
What's more，humans，whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains.These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought，such as reasoning skills，memory，communication and adaptive thinking. And like humans，whales have emotional intelligence- meaning they're capable of empathy，grief and sadness. Still，in proportion to（与...成比例）our body size，the human brain is bigger than that of the sperm whale.
Yet there's still so much we don't know about how smart sperm whales really are. And just like the whalers of a century ago，we have likely been underestimating marine mammals，whether large or small，for as long as we've known of their existence.
28. Why do people know little about the sperm whale's intelligence？
A. Sperm whales' big size makes research difficult.
B. It didn't attract scientists' attention until recently.
C. Whalers didn't keep enough records of their hunting.
D. Sperm whales usually stay deep down in the ocean.
29. What does the underlined word “evade”mean in paragraph 3？
A. Track.
B. Avoid.
C. Locate.
D. Trick.
30. What conclusion can we draw from paragraph 5？
A. The nerve cells distinguish humans from animals.
B. Sperm whales have smaller brains than humans.
C. Spindle neurons make higher intelligence possible.
D. Emotional intelligence is unique to whales and humans.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text？
A. Sperm Whales Are Astonishingly Smart
B. Sperm Whales Have the Biggest Brain
C. Break the Code of Whale Language
D. Unlock the Mystery of Sea Mammals
D
As the concept of emotional intelligence（EI）has gone global，we've watched professionals fail as they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don't know where to focus their efforts or they haven't understood how to improve these skills on a practical level. In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders, we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self-perception （how you see yourself）differs from your reputation （how others see you）. This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions. For example，most of us think that we're good listeners，but very often that's really not the case. Without this external reality check，it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance. Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self-perception and reputation，you should use a 360-degree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI. The key is to find one to give you feedback, which is focused on development and not on performance assessment. And that can give you a detailed understanding of how other people's assessments of you differ from your own assessments.
Secondly，when you get your feedback from an assessment,let that inform what you want to improve. But also consider what your goals are. When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional intelligence，you're at a huge disadvantage if you're only interested because others say you should be. Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically（内在的）motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you've gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations. Understanding the influences of your current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over along period of time as you do the work of strengthening your emotional intelligence.
32. What do we know from the first paragraph？
A. Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.
B. EI plays a key role in professional development.
C. Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
D. You know how to improve EI better with others' help.
33. According to the passage,which of the following is an“external reality check”？
A. You got help from your parents when making a key decision.
B. Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
C. You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution.
D. Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others.
34. What's the main idea of Paragraph 4？
A. It's most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI.
B. It's hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense.
C. When you want to improve EI，you should take your goals into consideration.
D. Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI.
35. Which of the following might the author agree with？
A. Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
B. EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is.
C. The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D. Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever，why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？Compared to other alternatives， it's comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains，especially the steeping car accommodations，sell out very quickly. 36 But no matter when you travel，
it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details，make suggestions，and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 37 Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you're riding on trains，you won t be provided with a blanket for free，even if your trip is an overnight one. 38 ，In the summer in
Particular，the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week，so missing yours can be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the
schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book,knit,do a crossword puzzle，or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3600（the number of seconds in an hour）by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile（the distance between two mileposts）. If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile,you're going 67.92 mph.
A. Train trips aren't for impatient types.
B. You'll have views from both sides of the train.
C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D. That's particularly true during busy summer months.
E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分：满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上相应番号处将该项涂黑。
As the train picked up its speed,the passengers slowly settled down on their seats. A window seat is always my favorite.I 41 the lower berth（铺位），so that I could enjoy the 42 of outside from the moving train. I don't know why I always preferred to get the 43 seat.An elderly lady 44 the front seat of mine. I looked at her. She must be in her eighties,I guessed. At one point,we met our 45 . She smiled at me and I gave her a response. Both of us were 46 .By that time,the train was in its full speed.
It was 7:00 pm,evening time. So， 47 time was still in a long way，I couldn't 48 myself any longer and asked，“Auntie，where are you going？”
She looked at me and friendly said,“ 49 camp,dear.”
Suddenly my enthusiasm 50 to know the reason. I politely said. “Auntie，you are 51 someone？”
She smiled and said，“Yes！”
Just to continue the conversation，I talked to her in a very cheerful 52 “Auntie, you must be feeling so 53 to see your child and your grandchildren.”
54 ，this question hurt her a little but boldly she answered，“Oh，dear! You are so sweet! Anyway, I had only one son who was 55 and was killed in a battle just a few days before. I bought so many new clothes for him. So，I thought why not 56 my son's clothes for some other soldiers，so that I would control my 57 and would be happy thinking that my own son has 58 it.”
I was shocked hearing her heartbreaking story！But I 59 the old lady from the core of my heart when I was thinking of her 60 heart！
41.A. preferred
42.A. beauty
43.A. back
44.A. undertook
45.A. heads
46.A. silent
47.A. supper
48.A. balance
49.A. City
50.A. shrank
51.A. mourning
52.A. mood
53.A. curious
54.A. Instead
55.A. east away
56.A. distribute
57.A. thrill
58.A. worn
B. reserved
B. fantasy
B. front
B. occupied
B. hands
B. amazed
B. bed
B. commit
B. Neighborhood
B. accelerated
B. visiting
B. rhythm
B. tentative
B. Eventually
B. called up
B. spare
B. scare
B. found
C. overlooked
C. impression
C. window
C. controlled
C. faces
C. considerate
C. play
C. excuse
C. School
C. doubled
C. missing
C. condition
C. excited
C. Hopefully
C. picked up
C. collect
C. sorrow
C. dyed
D. substituted
D. miracle
D. best
D. possessed
D. eyes
D. concerned
D. chat
D. resist
D. Army
D. chanced
D. considering
D. situation
D. sincere
D. Perhaps
D. brought in
D. share
D. delight
D. worshiped
59. A.saluted
60. A.broken
B. recognized
B. fascinating
C. understood
C. stubborn
D. memorized
D. brave
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
During China's dynastic period， emperors planned the city of Beijing 61
arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term“hutong”， 62（original）meaning“water well”in Mongolian，appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty，the center was the Forbidden City， 63 （surround）in concentric（同心的）circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 64 （permit）to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 65
（feature）beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars（柱子）.The hutongs they formed were orderly，lined by 66 （space）homes and walled gardens.
Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 67 （simple）in design and decoration，and the hutongs were narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 68 capital of China，almost every hutong has its stories，and some are even associated with historic 69 （event）. In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace,and the Temple of Heaven,the hutongs reflect 70 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（٨），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
During the past ten years, I suffered from terrible headaches.And it seems to be getting bad.Late last night，I got a sudden headache that was worse than all the others. It was so terrible that I could hardly bear them.Although I took all kinds of painkillers， but I didn't feel any better. It seemed that there was nothing else I could do， because I called my doctor and asked him to come over. One of our neighbor happened to be with us at the time. He was not a doctor，but he offered his help，“Do you mind if I try a special kind of traditional Chinese treatment for you？ These needles might help with your headache.”I agree.He quickly took out a few needles from his bag. Without the moment's delay，he put a few needles into the skin on my head in several different places.Before long，I felt complete good.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份倡议书：
1.保护环境是我们的职责。
2.我们要养成环保的习惯：
（1）尽量步行上学或骑自行车上学；
（2）不随地扔垃圾：
（3）节约用水；
（4）…...
3.发出环保的号召。
注意：1.词数：100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear fiends,
As we can see，the environment around us is getting worse and worse.


The Students' Union
河南省信阳高级中学2022-2023学年高三下期04月测试（一）
英语答案
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A
答案 21. A 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“·The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund（退款）is June 15.（取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日）”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题：根据Camp Structure部分中的“The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.（白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议）”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“·Monday-Friday，July8-26，9am-4pm.（7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点）”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme(9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break，followed by another three-hour class engaging with am afternoon theme（1pm to 4pm）.（露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点））”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程，故选C。
B
【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇书评。文章中，作者主要介绍了安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》，作者主要介绍了这本书的主要内容，以及作者对于这本书的感想。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr’s new bestseller，All the Light We Cannot See.holds special appeal for me.（安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。）”以及第二段“In fact, my first attempt to read it last month ended with me putting it aside and going to find something easier, lighter and less descriptive to read.But this book is built on beautiful imagery.Both in the literal sense-the physical world of 1940s Paris and Germany，and the metaphorical（隐喻性的）sense-scientific and philosophical references to light to seeing and not seeing and the differences between the two.（事实上，上个月我第一次尝试读它的时候，我把它放在一边，去找一些更简单、更轻松、描述性更少的书来读，但这本书是建立在美丽的意象之上的意象之上的。无论是在字面意义上——20世纪40年代的巴黎和德国的物理世界，还是在隐喻意义上——对光的科学和哲学参考，看到和看不到，以及两者之间的差异。）”可知，在作者看来，这部书很吸引人，同时又极具描述性。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“However，when we get into the meat of this World War II novel， it's also an upsetting story of a childhood tom apart by war.”（然而，当我们进入这本二战小说的核心部分时，它也是一个关于被战争撕裂的童年的令人沮丧的故事。）根据第三段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.（他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。）”可知，这两个人的童年都很悲惨。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Both of their stories are told with sensitivity and sympathy，each one forced down a path by their personal circumstances and by that destructive monster-war.（他们俩的故事都充满了敏感和同情，每个人都被他们的个人环境和毁灭性的怪物战争逼上了一条路。）”以及最后一段“These two lives we are introduced to seem to be worlds apart，and yet they come together and influence one another. It was this，more than the predictably awful tale of war，that made me feel quite emotional（我们被介绍的这两种生活似乎是两个不同的世界，但他们走到一起，互相影响。正是这一点，而不是那些可以预见的可怕的战争故事，让我感到非常激动。）”可知，打动作者的正是这种人物相互关联的命运。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anthony Doerr's new bestseller，All the Light We Cannot See，holds special appeal for me.That's how I would describe it.From the poetic language，to the realization of what the file actually means：that underneath the surface of history，there is light that has not been seen，and stories that have gone untold（安东尼·多尔的最新畅销书《我们看不见的光》对我有着特殊的吸引力。这就是我对它的描述。从诗意的语言，到意识到标题的真正含义：在历史的表面下，有未被看到的光，和未被讲述的故事。)”以及最后一段“I think this is the kind of book you will never appreciate if you stop too soon-I learned that lesson. From the first to last page，there is a theme of invisible lines running parallel（平行的）to one another and sometimes， just sometimes， crossing in the strangest way.（我认为这是一本书，如果你停得太快，你就永远不会欣赏它----我学到了这一课，从第一页到最后一页，有一个主题是看不见的线彼此平行运行，有时，只是有时，以最奇怪的方式交叉。）”可知，文章的目的是分享作者对一本书的感受。故选A。
C
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大型海洋幼物——抹香鲸。研究人员发现，目前已有线索表明抹香鲸比人类所以为的要聪明得多。
【28题详解】
细节理解题，根据文章第二段“There’s a lot we don’t know about the sperm whale's intelligence because it's difficult to carry out neurological（神经的）testing on such a huge marine mammal（我们对抹香鲸的智力知之甚少，因为很难对这样一种巨大的海洋哺乳动物进行神经学测试。）”可知，抹香鲸的巨大体型使得我的很难对它进行神经测试。故选A。
【29题详解】
词义猜测题，根据划线单词下一句.“whaling success dropped by 60 percent（捕集的成功率下降了60%）”可知，抹香鲸是学会了如何躲避捕鱼人。选项A“Track跟踪”；选项B“Avoid（避免）”；选项C“Locate（定位）”;选项D.“Trick（戏弄）”。故选B。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“What's more，humans，whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains.These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought,such as reasoning skills，memory，communication and adaptive thinking.And like humans,whales have emotional intelligence meaning they're capable of empathy，grief and sadness.（更重要的是英文类，鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元，这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维，和人类一样，鲸鱼也有情商——这意味着它们能够感同身受、悲伤和悲伤。）”可知，纺锤形神经元使生物能够进行深入思考和适应性思维等，而这一切，使得生物会具有一定智商。故选C。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“But some clues point to sperm whales being much smarter than we give them credit for（但一些线索表明抹香鲸比我们想象的要聪明得多。）”、第三段“The study suggests that the whales passed information to one another through soundwaves to avoid being caught.（研究表明，鲸鱼通过声波相互传递信息，以避免被捕获。）”、第四段“Additionally，they're capable of complex behaviors and they tend to be more social.Whales may work together to hunt or communicate in a language all their own.（此外，它们有能力做出复杂的行为，而且往往更善于社交。鲸鱼可能会一起捕猎，或者用它们自己的语言交流。》”以及第五段“What's more，humans，whales and dolphins all have spindle neurons in their brains. These nerve cells make us capable of deeper thought，such as reasoning skills，memory，communication and adaptive thinking.（更重要的是，人类、鲸鱼和海豚的大脑中都有纺锤形神经元。这些神经细胞使我们能够进行更深入的思考，比如推理技能、记忆、沟通和适应性思维。）”可知，文章主要讲述了抹香鲸是一种高智商的生物，极其聪明。故选A。
D
【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题，根据第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders，we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually（在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。）”可知，你知道如何在别人的帮助下更好地提高情商。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题，根据第二段的“This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions.（对于EI的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和阅读我们互动中的情感成分视而不见。）”和“Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.（从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们改变行为的必要性和动机。）”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果没有这种外部现实检查，你将很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。”因此external reality check指的是“部现实检查外”，你的老师教导你要有更好的学习态度就是一种外部现实检查。故选B.
【34题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Secondly，when you get your feedback from an assessment，let that inform what you want to improve， But also consider what your goals are.（其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。）”可知，第四段主要讲述了当你想要提高EI时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders，we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve-and then to actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.（在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。）”可知，作者可能会同意的是有效的EI发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。【36题详解】
根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains，especially the sleeping car accommodations，sell out very quickly（提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。）”以及下文“But no matter when you travel，it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.（但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。）”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。
【37题详解】。
根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets.（一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。）”以及下文“Then you won't have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.（这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。）”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。
【38】题详解】
根据上文“When you're riding on trains，you won't be provided with a blanket for free，even if your trip is an overnight one.（当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。）”以及下文”“In the summer in particular，the air conditioning can make them quite cold.（特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。）”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘容最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week，so missing yours can be a disaster（大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。）”以及下文“Note： The times listed on the schedules are departure times，not arrival times.（注意：时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。）”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Have fun.（玩得开心）”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do， divide 3600（the number of seconds in an hour）by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts）.”（要计算你的速度，用3600（一小时的秒数）除以你走一英里（两个里程碑之间的距离）所花费的秒数。）”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境，故选A项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分：满分30分）
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. D 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. B 56. B 57. C 58. A 59. A 60.D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。“我”在火车遇到一位老人，她失去了年轻的参军的儿子，却想把给儿子买的衣服给其他士兵，认为那就像自己的儿子穿在身上一样。她的故事令人心碎，但她勇敢的心也让“我”心生敬佩。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我预定了下铺，这样我就可以在行进中的火车上欣赏外面的美景。A. preferred更喜欢；B. reserved预定；C. overlooked忽略；D. substituted代替。根据后文“the lower berth”可知，作者预定（购买）了下铺。故选B项。【42题详解】
考查名调调义辨析。句意：我预定了下铺，这样我就可以在行进中的火车上欣赏外面的美景。A. beauty美（景、事物、人）；B. fantasy幻想；C. impression印象；D. miracle奇迹。根据空前“enjoy”和后文“of outside from the moving tram”可知作者想欣赏外面的美景。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道为什么我总是喜欢靠窗的座位。A. back后部；B. front前部；C. window 窗户；D. best最好的事物（或人）。根据上文提到的欣赏窗外的美景，可知作者喜欢靠窗的位置。故选C项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位上了年纪的女士坐了我的前座。A. undertook承担；B. occupied占用，占据（空间，时间）；C. controlled控制；D. possessed拥有。根据后文“the front seat of mine”可知，这位女士坐了我前面的位置，即占用了座位。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：偶然间，我们四目相接。A. heads头；B. hands手；C. faces脸；D. eyes眼睛。根据后文“She smiled at me”可知，我们的眼神相对了。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词文辨析。句意：我们俩都没说话。A. silent沉默的；B. amazed惊奇的；C. considerate考虑周到的；D. concerned关心的。根据前文“She smiled at me and I gave her a response ”可知，我们只是礼貌地回对方以微笑，因此是沉默的。故选A项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：离睡觉的时间还早着呢。A. supper晚餐；B. bed休；C. play 玩耍，游戏；D. chat 聊天。根据前文“It was7:00 pm，evening time.”及后文“and asked”可知，作者认为现在还没到睡觉时间，并想通过聊天打发时间。故选B项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我实在忍不住寂寞，就问道，“阿姨，您这是到哪儿去呀？”A. balance平衡；B. commit犯（罪），承诺；C. excuse 原谅；D. resist 抵制。根据前文“I couldn't”和后文“asked”可知作者无法抑制自己的好奇心。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她看看我，友好地说：“我到军营里去，亲爱的。”A. City城市；B. Neighborhood 邻区；C. School学校；D. Amy军队。根据后文“my son's clothes for some other soldiers”可知，这位女士的儿子也是一名士兵，所以她要去军营“army camp”。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我顿时兴致倍增，更想刨根问底了。A. shrank缩小；B. accelerated 加速；C. doubled 翻倍；D. chanced冒险做。根据后文“I politely said.”可知，作者在得知女士要去军营后又问了问题，因此作者的兴致倍增。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我礼貌地问，“您去拜访什么人吗？”A. mourning悼念；B. visiting参观，拜访；C. missing 想念；D. considering考虑。根据后文“to see your child and your grandchildren”可知，作者问女士是不是去拜访某个人。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。为了继续谈话，我心情非常愉快地和她说话。A. mood心境，情绪；B. rhythm节奏；C. condition条件；D. situation情况。根据前文“in a very cheerful”可知，作者和女士聊天时，心情很愉快。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“阿姨，能看到自己的孩子和孙子，您一定很高兴”。A. curious好奇的；B. tentative试探性的，暂定的；C. excited兴奋的；D. sincere真诚的。根据后文“to see your child and your grandchildren”推测出，作者并不知情（女士的年轻儿子已去世），所以作者问女士，去看自己的儿子和孙子是否很兴奋。故选C项。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到我的问题，她似乎有些被戳到痛处，但她还是宽容的答道，“哦，亲爱的，你太好了。”A. Instead相反；B. Eventually最终；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Perhaps也许。由于此时作者并不知情，所以作者从女士的反应止推测，觉得自己的问题也许伤害到了她。故选D项。
【55】题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不过，我只有一个儿子，他在几天前被征召入伍，在一场战斗中丧生。A. castaway 丢掉，浪费；B. called up打电话，召集，使想起；C. picked up捡起，接（某人），不费力地学；D. brought in 引进，生产，增加。根据后文“and was killed in a battle”可知，女士的儿子被召集参军，并在一场战斗中丧生。故选B项。
【56题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我就想，为什么不把给儿子的衣服送给其他的士兵呢，这样一来，我的悲伤或许会减轻一些，看到他们穿着这些衣服，就像我自己的儿子穿着一样，我一定会很高兴。A. distribute 分配；B. spare拿出（时间、金钱等）；C. collect收集；D. share分享。根据后文“my son's clothes for some other
soldiers”可知，既然儿子已经去世，作者想把原本给儿子买的衣服拿出来给别的士兵。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我就想，为什么不把给儿子的衣服送给其他的士兵呢，这样一来，我的悲伤或许会减轻一些，看到他们穿着这些衣服，就像我自己的儿子穿着一样，我一定会很高兴。A. thrill兴奋；B. scare害怕；C. sorrow悲伤；D. delight.高兴。根据空前“control my”和后文“and would be happy”
可知，通过把衣服送给别的士兵，这位女士可以控制自己的悲伤，并开心起来。故选C项。
【58题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我就想，为什么不把给儿子的衣服送给其他的士兵呢，这样一来，我的悲伤或许会减轻一些，看到他们穿着这些衣服，就像我自己的儿子穿着一样，我一定会很高兴。A. worn穿（wear的过去分词）；B. found发现；C. dyed染色；D. worshiped敬奉，崇拜。根据前文“my son's clothes for
some other soldiers”和“thinking and would be happy thinking that my own son has____it”可知，作者让别的士兵穿上这些衣服，就觉得自己的儿子穿上了一样，想到这里就会开心。故选A项。
【59题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：可是，我又从心底生出对这位老妇人的敬意。我想，她的心多么坚强呀！A. saluted 敬礼，向……致敬；B. recognized认出；C. understood理解；D. memorized记住。根据前文“I was shocked hearing her heartbreaking story！”和“But”可知，虽然这个故事本身令人心碎，值得同情，但是女士的做法和她跟我聊天时的状态，让我由衷地敬佩她的勇敢坚强，即我从心底向她致敬。故选A项。
【60题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可是，我又从心底生出对这位老妇人的敬意。我想，她的心多么坚强呀！A. broken 破碎的；B. fascinating极有吸引力的，迷人的；C. stubborn顽固的；D. brave勇敢的。根据语境可知，女士虽然失去了儿子，但她依然去军营，把衣服送给别的士兵，而且宽容地、镇静地和我聊天，可以看出她有一颗勇敢坚强的心。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
【答案】61. and 62. originally 63. surrounded 64. were permitted 65. featured 66.spacious 67.simpler 68.as 69.events 70.the
【解析】
【原文】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
【61题详解】
考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
【63题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
【64题详解】
考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。【65题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。
【66题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
【67题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
【68题详解】
考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
【69题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关，根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。
【70题详解】
考查短词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠诃the修饰。故填the。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
【答案】第一处：suffered前加have 第二处：bad→worse 第三处：them→it第四处：删除but 第五处：because→so 第六处：neighbor→neighbors/neighbours 第七处：for→on 第八处：agree→agreed第九处：the-a 第十处：complete→completely
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述在过去的十年里，作者饱受头痛之苦，一个邻居用中医疗法治好了作者的头痛。
【详解】第一处：考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，我饱受头痛之苦，根据时间状语During the past ten years，可知谓语应用现在完成时，主语是I，故suffered前加have。
第二处：考查形容词比较级。句意：而且情况似乎变得更糟。根据上文“During the past ten years，I suffered from terrible headaches.”可知应是情况变得更糟，故bad改为worse。
第三处：考查代词。句意：这太可怕了，我几乎无法忍受，分析可知，这里bear的宾语是指代头疼，应用it，故填them改为it。
第四处：考查连词。句意：尽管我吃了各种各样的止痛药，我还是没有感觉好一点。本句已经用Although 连接，这里的but是多余的，故删除but。
第五处：考查连词。句意：似乎我没有别的办法了，所以我打电话给我的医生，请他过来。根据上下语境可知前半句是原因，后半句是结果，故because改为so。
第六处：考查名词的数。句意：当时我们的一个邻居碰巧和我们在一起。前面有one of，后面的名词应用复数形式，故neighbor 改为neighbors/neighbours。
第七处：考查介词。句意：他不是医生，但他愿意帮忙：“你介意我给你用一种特殊的中医疗法吗？”根据句意可知是在作者身上尝试中医疗法，所以应用介词 on，而 for用于原因或者目的，故 for 改为on。
第八处：考查时态。句意：我同意了。分析可知，本何描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故agree改为agreed。
第九处：考查冠词。句意：他毫不迟疑地在我头上的好儿处皮肤上扎了几根针。分析可知这里是a moment，意为“片刻，一刻”，符合句意，故the改为a。
第十处：考查副词。句意：不久，我感觉完全好了。修饰形容词good，应用副词作状语，故complete改为completely。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
Dear friends,
As we can see，the environment around us is getting worse and worse. Our life and health have been affected greatly. The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it, not only for ourselves but also for our future generations. Fortunately，more and more people have become aware of this problem. Many effective measures have been taken to deal with it.
I think we should follow the following advice. First,go to school on foot or by bike as often as possible. Second，never throw rubbish here and there so that we can enjoy a clean environment. Third，save water, for it is the source of life. Fourth，turn off the light before leaving the room. It is time that we should do something to
protect our environment. Only by taking care of our earth today will we have a more beautiful tomorrow.
Thank you！
The Students' Union