考点10 祈使句与感叹句-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习（上海专用）

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（二）感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。
考向一、祈使句
（一）祈使句的定义
用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。当主语是第二人称，通常省略。
（二）祈使句的类型和结构
（三）祈使句的重点句型
1. “祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。
2. “祈使句+r+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，r表示“否则；要不然”。
Hurry up, and yu’ll catch the train. (=If yu hurry up, yu’ll catch the train.)
Hurry up, r yu’ll miss the train. (=If yu dn’t hurry up, yu’ll miss the train.)
3. 含有祈使句的直接引语变成间接引语时，其常用结构为“ask/request/tell/rder sb(nt)t d sth.”。如：
“Speak ludly，please!” the teacher said t me．(=The teacher asked me t speak ludly．)
“Dn’t smke in the meeting rm!” he said t Tm．(=He tld Tm nt t smke in the meeting rm．)
1．（2021·上海奉贤·一模）Jerry, t frm a mind picture if yu want t remember the lng wrd.
A．triesB．tryingC．tryD．t try
考向二、感叹句
（一）感叹句的定义
感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子，句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。
（二）感叹句的常见类型
（三）陈述句转感叹句：“一断·二加·三换位”
This is a beautiful flwer·
This flwer is beautiful．
“一断”：在谓语动词后将此句划断。
This is｜a beautiful flwer．
This flwer is｜beautiful．
“二加”：在第二部分前加 “What或Hw”；中心词为名词时加“What”，是形容词、副词加“Hw”。
What a beautiful flwer…
Hw beautiful…
“三换位”：将第一部分与第二部分对换位置。
What a beautiful flwer this is！
Hw beautiful this flwer is！
请将以下陈述句变成感叹句。
① It’s an interesting film.
② It’s wnderful weather.
③ He did the wrk carefully.
④ Time passed quickly.
1．（2022·上海·模拟预测）—Lk! The plants are green and the flwers are pening.
—Yes, it’s spring nw. ________ nice seasn!
A．WhatB．What aC．What anD．Hw
1．（2021·上海金山·八年级期末）Dwnlad this app, ________ yu will find it easy t learn cking.
A．rB．sC．andD．but
2．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Dn’t be afraid t make mistakes, ________ yu’ll never really learn the language.
A．andB．rC．sD．but
3．（2022·上海奉贤·二模）_______ terrible it is that the price f il has risen t ver $100!
A．What aB．WhatC．HwD．Hw a
4．（2022·上海崇明·模拟预测）________ amazing trip it was! I even swam with dlphins last summer.
A．HwB．WhatC．What aD．What an
5．（2022·上海奉贤·一模）________ bad weather! The strngest trnad (龙卷风) in histry hit six states in America last mnth.
A．What aB．WhatC．HwD．Hw a
6．（2022·上海嘉定·一模）________ exciting news yu’ve tld us! A new undergrund line will be built next year.
A．WhatB．What aC．What anD．Hw
7．（2022·上海·模拟预测）________ relaxing it is fr me t watch cartns! They are usually funny and dramatic.
A．WhatB．HwC．What aD．Hw a
8．（2022·上海崇明·一模）________ excellent perfrmance the Chinese diver gave in the 2020 Olympic Games!
A．WhatB．What aC．What anD．Hw
9．（2021·上海浦东新·二模）Get enugh sleep, ________ yu will always be full f energy in class.
A．butB．frC．rD．and
10．（2021·上海·模拟预测）“Jasn, ________ afraid f speaking in public. Just believe in yurself.”said Mum.
A．nt beB．nt t beC．be ntD．dn’t be
11．（2021·上海浦东新·七年级期末）________ afraid. I wn’t let these dgs bite yu!
A．NtB．Dn’tC．Nt beD．Dn’t be
12．（2021·上海·模拟预测）Clse yur eyes and________yu are sitting n a clud. Hw d yu feel?
A．imagineB．imaginingC．imaginedD．t imagine
13．（2022·上海虹口·二模）Oh, my gd! ________awful mess in the kitchen the children have made!
A．WhatB．What aC．What anD．Hw
14．（2022·上海闵行·二模）________ excellent perfrmance the artists gave at the CCTV Gala n New Year’s Eve!
A．WhatB．HwC．What aD．What an
15．（2022·上海黄浦·二模）________ gd time we had playing vlleyball n the beach!
A．HwB．Hw aC．WhatD．What a
16．（2022·上海徐汇·模拟预测）Space is beautiful and full f mystery. I can’t tell yu _______ amazing it is.
A．hwB．whatC．what aD．what an
17．（2022·上海青浦·二模）________ wnderful magic wrld the film Fantastic Beasts has presented t us!
A．HwB．WhatC．What anD．What a
18．（2022·上海·模拟预测）G n a diet, ________ yu will nt lse yur weight.
A．andB．sC．butD．r
19．（2022·上海长宁·二模）________ prud Adam felt when he was elected captain f his basketball team just nw!
A．WhatB．What aC．HwD．Hw a
20．（2022·上海金山·二模）________ enjyable it is t have a picnic in the Riverside Green Space at weekends!
A．WhatB．What anC．Hw anD．Hw
21．（2022·上海黄浦·二模）________ great fun it is t g skating in such a chilly weather!
A．WhatB．What aC．Hw aD．Hw
22．（2022·上海·模拟预测）________ useful suggestin the teacher gave me n hw t slve this prblem!
A．HwB．WhatC．What aD．What an
23．（2022·上海·模拟预测）________ wnderful Crss the Yalu River (《跨过鸭绿江》) is! I’d like t see it again.
A．WhatB．What aC．Hw aD．Hw
24．（2022·上海·模拟预测）Players excitedly talk abut ________ amazing the new Harry Ptter-themed mbile phne game is.
A．hwB．whatC．what aD．what an
25．（2022·上海静安·一模）________ great fun it is t d a prject with my grup members!
A．WhatB．HwC．What aD．What an
26．（2022·上海黄浦·一模）_________ pity it is that yu have missed such a wnderful film!
A．WhatB．What aC．HwD．Hw a
27．（2021·上海浦东新·九年级期中）Take a bat trip, ________ yu will be attracted by the beauty f the Li River.
A．andB．rC．sD．but
28．（2021·上海嘉定·二模）Check what yu have written, _______ yu may make sme mistakes in yur applicatin frm.
A．rB．andC．butD．s
29．（2021·上海嘉定·二模）Lucy, _______ me yur dictinary, please. I want t lk up the new wrd.
A．passB．passedC．passingD．t pass
30．（2021·上海松江·二模）Take the medicine nw, _________ the fever wn’t cme dwn.
A．rB．andC．butD．s
1．（2021·山东济南·中考真题）—________ swim in this river. It’s quite deep.
—Thanks fr telling me.
A．NB．NtC．Dn’tD．Desn’t
2．（2022·上海·中考真题）_______ exciting singing cntest they had yesterday!
A．WhatB．HwC．What anD．Hw an
3．（2022·云南昆明·中考真题）—Shenzhu XIV carried three Chinese astrnauts int space successfully.
—Ww, ________ exciting news! We are s prud.
A．whatB．what aC．what anD．hw
4．（2022·西藏·中考真题）Dn’t ________ any nise when yu are in the library.
A．makesB．makeC．makingD．made
5．（2022·上海·中考真题）Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ yu will stay healthy.
A．andB．rC．butD．fr
6．（2018·上海·中考真题）The self-diving plane prves t be useful in many ways.___smart inventin it is!
A．WhatB．What aC．What anD．Hw
7．（2015·上海·中考真题）______ imprtant it is fr kids t imagine freely !
A．whatB．what aC．what anD．hw
8．（2012·上海·中考真题）______ wnderful cncert they are putting n in the city square!
A．HwB．WhatC．What aD．What an
9．（2015·上海·中考真题）Please ______ yur exam papers nce again befre handing them in.
A．ging verB．went ver
C．g verD．t g ver
10．（2020·上海·中考真题）—Tm，________here t carry the luggage upstairs fr me，will yu？ —All right．
A．cmeB．cameC．cmingD．t cme
11．（2019·上海·中考真题） beautifully little Simn dances in frnt f the camera!
A．WhatB．What aC．HwD．Hw a
12．（2021·上海·中考真题）________ amazing the film Hi, Mm is! Mther’s lve always tuches my heart.
A．Hw anB．HwC．What anD．What
13．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）________ clever girl Kitty is! She can cme up with sme creative ways t finish the prject.
A．WhatB．Hw aC．HwD．What a
14．（2022·四川达州·中考真题）—Gu Ailing ________ her dream and wn tw gld medals in Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics.
—___________excellent girl!
A．achieved; HwB．came true; HwC．achieved; What anD．came true; What an
15．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）—Finish yur hmewrk, ________ yu can’t play cmputer games, Jim.
—All right, Mum.
A．butB．tillC．andD．r
16．（2015·上海·中考真题） Leave the reference bks behind, _____ yu wn’t be able t think independently.
A．rB．andC．sD．but
17．（2011·上海·中考真题）Take the exam carefully, _____ yu wn’t get full marks.
A．butB．andC．rD．s
18．（2014·上海·中考真题）_____ carefully, Michael! There’s a schl ahead.
A．DriveB．T drive
C．DrveD．Driving
19．（2016·上海·中考真题） wnderful speech Emma gave at the UN cnference!
A．HwB．WhatC．What aD．What an
20．（2014·上海·中考真题）The rbt can help me sweep the flr. smart inventin it is!
A．WhatB．What a
C．What anD．Hw类型
肯定结构
否定结构
D型
动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分
Keep ff the grass.
句首+dn't
Dn’t frget me.
Be型
Be +表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分
Be careful.
句首+dn't
Dn’t be late fr schl.
Let型
Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分
Let me help yu.
Dn't + let +宾语+动词原形+ 其它成分
Let + 宾语 + nt + 动词原形 + 其它成分
Dn't let him g.
Let him nt g.
N型
N+名词/动名词
N smking.
类型
结构
例句
what
What + a/an ＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语
What a clever girl she is!
What an interesting bk it is!
What ＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语
What beautiful flwers!
What gd children they are!
What ＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语
What fine weather it is tday!
What imprtant news it is!
hw
Hw ＋形容词 / 副词＋主语＋谓语
Hw careful she is!
Hw fast he runs!
Hw ＋形容词＋ a/an ＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语
Hw beautiful a girl she is!
Hw ＋主语＋谓语
Hw time flies!