考点24 写作方法技巧（二）书信讲稿-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习（上海专用）

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考点24 写作方法技巧（二）书信讲稿应用文

中考书面表达题贴近学生实际生活，紧密联系热点话题，写作话题真实从而让考生有话可写。书面表达情景实用性程度高，上海试题都符合同学们的认知水平和日常生活经历，题目设计关注学生成长，注意培养其良好的道德品质和健全的人格。



考向一：书信写法点拨
在英语信件(信函)写作中尤其要注意书写格式:英文书信由信头、称呼、正文、结束语、结尾谦称几部分组成。
1.信头。指写信人的地址和写信日期，写于信纸右上角。地址由小到大写，日期写在地址下。称呼顶格写在左上角，后面的标点用逗号。
2.称呼。常以Dear开头，如果不清楚收信人性别，则写Dear Sir or Madam。
3.正文。在称呼下一行开始，可顶格，也可段首缩进。
正文的开头通常有两类:
(1)主动给对方写信，开头应当写明写信的目的或背景，再详细叙述。
常用开头有:I am writing to you to...我写信给你是为了.....
I am sorry to hear that ...得知....我很难过。
I am very glad to write a letter to you. These days we are talking about ...很高兴写信给你，最近我们正在谈论.....
It's been a long time since we met last time.我们已经好久不见了。
(2)写回信给对方，开头应当先表明感谢收到来信。常用开头有:
Thank you for your letter From your letter I learnt that ..感谢你的来信，从你的信中，我得----.
I am sorry for not writing to you sooner.抱歉没有早些回信。
I am glad you ask me for help.感谢你向我求助。
4.结束语。在正文下自成段，表达祝愿或希望。常用的结束语有:
Best wishes!请接受我的美好祝福!
Looking forward to your reply!期待你的回信!
I hope to hear from you soon.期待不久能收到你的回复。
Hope my suggestions will be helpful.希望我的建议能帮到你。
I hope what I said can help you.希望我说的对你有所助益。
Have a good time!过得愉快!
5.结尾谦称。写于结束语下一行。如正文左顶格写，结尾谦称也左顶格。如正又段结尾谦称则从信偏右的地方开始写。注意首字母大写，后面使用逗号。常用的谦称有:Yours,
Yours ever,
Yours sincerely,
Truly yours,
Yours respectfully,

假设你是李华，你的英国朋友 Tony 对“中国红”一词很感兴趣，想了解“中国红”在中国人日常生活中的体现，请你根据以下表格信息写一封回信帮助他了解。
地位
最受欢迎的颜色之一
代表
幸福，可以带来好运
使用场所
婚礼，春节等
表达方式
剪纸，中国结，红包，灯笼
提示词：婚礼 wedding，中国结 Chinese Knot，红包 red packet， 代表 stand for
Dear Tony,
It’s great to receive your letter. I’m writing to tell you something about Chinese red. ____________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about Chinese red.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Tony,
It’s great to receive your letter. I’m writing to tell you something about Chinese red. Chinese red, considered as the symbolic color of China, is extremely popular with Chinese people. It usually represents happiness, and we believe that it can bring us good luck.
People in our country attach such great importance to Chinese red that they use many red objects in some important events. For instance, in a wedding, you can see that the bride is in a red wedding dress and the wedding room is decorated with red. What’s more, the houses are also filled with red paper cuts, lanterns and Chinese Knots during the Spring Festival. Children will get red pockets for best wishes as well. Obviously, Chinese red plays a significant role and enjoys the highest popularity in China.
I truly hope my letter will help you understand better about Chinese red.
Yours,
Li Hua
考向二：演讲稿写法点拨
Hello, ladies and gentlemen! (开场称呼)
表明演讲目的/亮明观点:
It's my great honor to deliver a speech here. Today 'd like to say something about ..在此演讲我深感荣幸。今天我想谈一.谈.....
Today, I’d love to share with you something about...今天我非常乐意与你们分享关于...的内容。
It's nice to speak about ... here.在这里谈- .谈....很有益。
We should keep ... in mind.我们要牢记.....
具体介绍/证明观点/详述建议
结束语:
I am sure ..我确信....
Let's make joint efforts to ...让我们共同努力去......
Let's try our best to ...让我们尽力去....
Don't forget to .. in your life.别忘了在日常生活中....
Do you agree with me?你们同意我的观点吗?


假如你是李华，将报名参加某英语报社为迎接“五四”青年节而举办的名为“青春”（youth）的主题演讲比赛，你准备结合自己的生活写一篇演讲稿投稿。（文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息）

Dear fellow students,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening!
【答案】例文
Dear fellow students,
I’m very honored to stand here and give you a short speech! I hope you will like it. Everyone has his own understanding of youth.
Some people say that youth is a scrap of paper, of no use. But they are wrong. They do not understand the meaning of life.
I think Youth is a song, sing the life the most memorable fragment; youth is a painting, draw the outline of the most wonderful scene; youth is a poem, to praise the most beautiful moment in life; youth is the only way which must be passed to each of us in our life, it plays a significant role.
I hope my short speech will make you see the things clearly.
Thanks for listening!
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作。内容是以“青春”（youth）为主题，并结合自己的生活写一篇演讲稿，参加某英语报社的演讲比赛。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述作文内容；时态采用一般现在时为主。首先提出演讲的内容；第二介绍别人对青春理解的误区；第三介绍自己对青春的理解；最后是希望。


1．假如你是李华，是你们班的英语课代表，你们班许多同学在学习英语方面遇到了困难，向你求助，请你根据以下提示写一篇英文演讲稿，给他们提供一些好的建议。
1.多阅读，培养良好语感；
2.看英文影片，了解西方文化；
3.坚持写英文日记，提高写作技巧；
4.补充1—2点。
要求：
1.词数80左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
2.要点齐全，可适当发挥；
3.不得出现真实姓名和校名；
4.条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范。
Good morning, everyone,
Today I want to talk about how to learn English well. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】     Good morning, everyone,
     Today I want to talk about how to learn English well.
     First of all, we should read more English every day, in order to develop a good sense of language. Second, we can watch more English movies, so that we can understand the western culture. Third, we should keep an English diary every day to improve our writing skills. Fourthly, we should listen to tapes often to improve our listening. Finally, try to speak more English when you are free.
     As long as you stick to these points, you will certainly improve your English.
【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇演讲稿。根据要点提示，给班级里在学习英语方面遇到了困难的同学一些好的建议。
2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般现在时；人称采用第一人称为主。文章可分为三段，第一段文章已给出，点明目的；第二段介绍具体的建议；第三段表示只要大家坚持英语就会提高。行文确保无单词语法错误，语句通顺。
2．这学期，同学们体验了不一样的学习方式。英语课上，老师请你作为班级代表发言交流。请根据以下图示，写一篇英文发言稿分享你的心得体会。

注意：
1.请先在答题卡上填写图示中空格。（一空一词）；
2.须全面反映图文信息；
3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4.词数80-100字。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】A possible version:
Hello, everyone! Today I will talk about online learning.
It has many advantages. When we are ill, we can study at home. Besides, we can watch the video again when meeting problems.
However, there are some problems. Students are sometimes late for classes and some even play computer games in class. Some have arguments with their parents. To be good learners, we should follow rules of online learning. We’d better keep a balance between learning and playing. If necessary, have proper communication with parents.
Hope everyone can be a good learner. Thank you for your listening.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇发言稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据图示内容，介绍在线学习的相关内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明谈论的主题是在线学习；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容，介绍在线学习的优点和问题并给出建议；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①talk about谈论关于
②be late for迟到
③have arguments with sb与某人争论
④keep a balance保持平衡
[高分句型]
①When we are ill, we can study at home.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②Students are sometimes late for classes and some even play computer games in class.（and连接并列句）
3．假如你是戴维，你的朋友汤姆写信向你求助如何控制自己的情绪：他经常感到心烦，一点小事就能让他生气，他感觉很糟糕。请你根据提示内容给他写一封回信，告诉他如何克服这些情绪。80词左右，信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。提示：
1. 听音乐；
2. 和你信任的人聊聊；
3. 运动。
Dear Tom,
I know your feelings. Don’t worry about them. Everything will be OK if you try to do something.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Dear Tom,
I know your feelings. Don’t worry about them. Everything will be OK if you try to do something.
Firstly, when you feel bad, you can listen to music. Nice music can help make you relaxed and forget all the unhappy things and problems. Secondly, talk to someone you trust. For example, you can talk to your parents. Parents can share their experience of dealing with bad moods. Keeping feelings inside can make things worse. Thirdly, go for a run, play tennis or do other outdoor sports. Exercise can make you feel relaxed.
Hope all the ways can be helpful to you!
Yours,
David
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，根据提示给Tom写一封回信，告诉他如何控制情绪，可适当增添细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接开头，引出主题；
第二步，从“听音乐，和信任的人聊天及做运动”三个方面具体讲述如何控制情绪；
第三步，书写结语，通过表达“希望方法有用”来结语。
[亮点词汇]
①deal with处理
②outdoor sports户外运动
③be helpful to sb对某人有帮助
[高分句型]
①Firstly, when you feel bad, you can listen to music.（when引导时间状语从句）
②Keeping feelings inside can make things worse.（动名词作主语）


4．Write a letter of at least 60 words according to the given situation (根据以下情境写一封不少于60个词的信，标点符号不占格。信的开头和署名已给，不计入总字数。)
“汉语桥“中文能力大赛的成功举办说明越来越多的外国学生对中华优秀文化很感兴趣。假设你是李华，你的外国网友Peter对中华文化很感兴趣，想了解并学习。请从以下中华文化的六种表现中，选择你最喜欢的一种推荐给他，并说明理由。
中华武术 (Chinese martial arts）京剧 (Peking Opera）中华书法 (Chinese calligraphy)
中文歌曲 (Chinese songs）中华美食 (Chinese food）中华剪纸 (Chinese paper-cutting)
(注意：1. 信中不得出现考生姓名、校名等个人信息，否则不予评分。2. 照抄阅读语篇不得分。)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Dear Peter,
     I know you are interested in Chinese culture. Now let me introduce one of the most important culture—Chinese paper-cutting.
    It has a history of more than 5,000 years. It is easily made. You only need some paper and a pair of scissors. You can change the paper into some different shapes, such as animals, flowers and so on. When Spring Festival comes, you can see people stick them on the windows and walls. It is a symbol of good luck. You can learn how to make Chinese paper-cutting by watching videos.
    We also have other traditional culture. If you want to learn more, please tell me. Looking forward to your reply.


Yours,
Peter
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍剪纸是中国传统文化之一；
第二步，介绍剪纸的相关情况，包括它的历史，制作以及代表的意义。
[亮点词汇]
①more than多于
②change into把……变成……
③a symbol of……的象征
[高分句型]
①Now let me introduce one of the most important culture—Chinese paper-cutting（“one of the+形容词最高级”的结构）
②When Spring Festival comes, you can see people stick them on the windows and walls.（when引导的时间状语从句）
5．假如你是李华，上周收到来自意大利笔友Linda的一封信，在信中她告诉你她对中国传统艺术非常感兴趣，希望能了解中国瓷器（Porcelain）。请根据下列表格所给关键词和图片信息，给她写一封回信。
注意：
1.词数100左右（开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数）
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Chinese Porcelain
Material
kaolin, a special kind of clay
Function
make plates; give as a gift
Process
(shape)                (fire)             (polish and paint)
Meaning
wealth and higher class

Dear Linda, I got your letter last week. In your letter, you told me that __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】例文
Dear Linda,
I got your letter last week. In your letter, you told me that you are very interested in Chinese traditional art and want to know about Chinese porcelain. OK, let me tell you.
Chinese Porcelain is made from kaolin, a special kind of clay. It’s used to make plates in our daily life and is also given as a gift. To make Chinese porcelain, it usually has to experience some processes. First, kaolin is shaped by hand and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they’re fired at a very high heat. Finally it is polished and painted with nature designs. It takes several weeks to complete everything. Now Chinese porcelain has some special meanings. It’s seen as a symbol of wealth and higher class.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为信件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接开头，表明写信目的；
第二步，从材料、作用、过程和意义等方面介绍中国瓷器。
[亮点词汇]
①be interested in对……感兴趣
②be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）
③a symbol of……的象征
[高分句型]
①It’s used to make plates in our daily life and is also given as a gift.（含and的并列复合句）
②It takes several weeks to complete everything.（It固定句型）
6．《西游记》是中国初中生必读书目之一。假如你是小明，请根据下图提示，向你远在美国的笔友Eric写封英文信，简要介绍该书和你的读后感，并向他推荐这本书，并请他推荐一本美国作家的书。

注意：1.须全面反映图文提示信息；
2.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
3.词数100左右。
参考词汇:monster n. 妖怪
Dear Eric, How’s everything going? I have read a good book named Journey to the West.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Xiao Ming


【答案】例文：
Dear Eric,
How’s everything going? I have read a good book named Journey to the West. It is one of the Four Great Classical Novels in China. I have watched the cartoon Monkey King many times since I was young.
It was written by Wu Cheng’en, a great writer in ancient China. The story tells us about four main characters. They are Tang Monk, the Monkey King , Piggie and Monk Sha.They get over many difficulties on the way to the West. Finally, they make it.
The Monkey King is my favorite character. He is so smart and brave that he can protect his master and brothers well. He never gives up when he faces difficulties and challenges. The book is so interesting that I lose myself in it. But it’s difficult to understand the ancient Chinese well. I believe I’ll have a better understanding of it if I read it more times. I think it’s worth reading.
Could you please share one novel written by an American writer with me? I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Xiao Ming
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文；
②时态：主要时态是“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已经给出，重点内容是图片上的所有提示信息，另外，还需要向他推荐该书，并请Eric推荐一本美国作家的书，此点不能遗漏。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明《西游记》的重要性，以及如何了解书中故事的。
第二步，表明关于该书的作者和主要内容，主要内容要体现教育意义。
第三步，描写书中最喜欢的人物和对于该书的看法，重点突出它值得读，即向Eric推荐此书。
第四步，表明请求Eric推荐书，并表达期待。
[亮点词汇]
①get over difficulties克服困难
②look forward to期待
③hear from收到来信
④face difficulties and challenges面对困难和挑战
⑤be worth reading值得一读
[高分句型]
①The book is so interesting that I lose myself in it.（so...that...如此……以至于……）
②But it’s difficult to understand the ancient Chinese well.（“it’s +形容词+ to do sth”句型）



7．伟大音乐家贝多芬说：涓滴之水终可以磨损大石，不是由于它力量强大，而是由于昼夜不舍的滴坠。坚持做好一件事情，成就更好的自己。请以“One thing I keep doing”为题，用英语写一篇发言稿，参加学校的英语主题演讲活动。
内容包括：
1.简要描述你在坚持做的事；
2.你坚持这么做的原因；
3.你坚持以后的感受；
4.坚持做这件事带来的影响和变化；
5.号召同学们坚持做对自己有益处的事情。
要求：
1.不少于80 词。开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数.；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.认真书写，保持卷面清晰整洁；
4.不得出现真实人名和校名。
One thing I keep doing
Good morning, everyone!
I am very happy to be here to make a speech today. The topic is one thing I keep doing._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you for listening!
【答案】例文
One thing I keep doing
Good morning, everyone!
I am very happy to be here to make a speech today. The topic is one thing I keep doing. Knowledge may be acquired through many ways, the best of which is reading. In the age of high technology, reading deserves to be paid attention to. So I keep reading every day.
To begin with, it is the most flexible way of getting information. Many people think it not only helps them better understand society as well as nature, but also broaden their horizon. Additionally, reading, to some degree, is of great benefit to interpersonal communication apart from self-improvement. It can also enrich our life and bring people pleasure. What’s more, reading is also regarded by many as a means of better survival.
Personally, I appreciate reading classical literature in my spare time,which provides me with a thorough understanding of life and society. Through practicing reading between the lines and beyond the lines, I find my comprehension ability stably improved.
That’s all. Thank you for listening!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为发言稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“内容”中的各个要点，并适当添加细节，突出重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，直接简明点题。描述自己所坚持做的事。

第二步，具体阐述内容。从“原因，感受，变化”几个方面介绍坚持做的事。
第三步，结束语。号召同学们一起来做有益的事。
[亮点词汇]
①the most flexible way最灵活的方式
②to some degree在某种程度上
③a thorough understanding彻底理解
[高分句型一]
Personally, I appreciate reading classical literature in my spare time, which provides me with a thorough understanding of life and society.（which引导定语从句）

8．“人生寄一世，奄忽若飙尘。”在人生旅途之中，总会有迷茫、有彷徨。青春虽懵懂，但相信每个人都会有支撑自己为美好未来奋勇向前的人生格言。“Failure is the mother of success.” “No pains, no gains.”
临近毕业之际，本校将举办《青春寄语》英文演讲大赛。请你写一篇英文演讲稿，介绍你的人生格言，说明在初中三年你是怎么恪守自己人生格言的，并写出你对学弟学妹们的希冀和祝福。
要求：
1. 词数：80-120 词，可适当发挥；
2. 文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和所在学校的名称。
Dear everyone,
It’s such a great honor to talk about my personal motto with all of you today.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your listening!
【答案】例文：
Dear everyone,
It’s such a great honor to talk about my personal motto with all of you today.
My favourite motto is that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. Every time I had a problem, I would encourage myself by saying the motto. To my great surprise, things really became better when I put my heart into them. For example, I was once weak in speaking English. I was very upset at the beginning, but then I remembered this motto. So I decided to try everything possible to improve my spoken English. From then on, I practised speaking English for an hour every day. Half an year later, my classmates were all impressed by my improvement. Now I am sharing the motto with you, hoping it will help you one day. Wish you all a happy life.
Thanks for your listening!
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
② 时态：时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主；
③ 提示：写作内容提示已给出，考生要注意不要遗漏内容提示中的信息，并且要在内容提示的基础上适当发挥，文章内容更加丰满。
[写作步骤]
第一步：介绍自己的人生格言；
第二步：说明在初中三年是如何恪守自己的人生格言的，此处，最好能举例说明；
第三步：表达对学弟学妹们的希冀和祝福。
[亮点词汇]
① To one’s surprise令某人感到惊讶的是
② be weak in doing sth.不擅长做某事
③ at the beginning一开始
④ practise doing sth.练习做某事
[高分句型]
① Every time I had a problem, I would encourage myself by saying the motto.（Every time引导时间状语从句）
②To my great surprise, things really became better when I put my heart into them.（when引导的时间状语从句）
③Now I am sharing the motto with you, hoping it will help you one day.（现在分词作原因状语）