北京市北京市丰台区2022-2023学年高一下学期4月期中英语试题

丰台区2022-2023学年度第二学期期中练习

高一英语（A卷）

（练习时间：90分钟）

第一部分 知识运用 （共两节，30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

I first began experiencing anxiety and depression at the age of 14, after being bullied (欺凌) at school for years. While at first anxiety and depression would come and go, it    1    became a constant part of my life.

I was so eager to find the    2    to overcoming my anxiety and depression that I tried everything: mood-changing medication, special teas, and yoga. But I

   3    felt I hadn’t come close to managing the problem.

But one afternoon, my eyes    4    an article in a magazine I was reading that talked about how dogs were able to help people with anxiety and depression. The very next day, I    5    to get a dog—a corgi. When I brought my little Buddy home, I didn’t    6    how much he would change my life.

Once the “puppy excitement”    7   , my anxiety and depression came back as usual. One morning, I woke up with those    8    feeling again. I didn’t want to get out of bed. I turned to pull the    9    back over my head and give up. That’s when I saw Buddy.

Buddy started jumping all over me, licking my face and    10    me know that it was time to go outside. It was as if he were saying, “There is no time to be sad; the world is    11   !” And for the first time in my life, my life was

   12   .

It’s been more than a year since that day, and I’ve never spent another morning    13    to get out of bed. I’ve not cried myself to sleep or spent my days    14     in fear and regret. Sure, I still have days when I feel sad and anxious. But with Buddy, my best friend, by my side, I’ve eventually learned how to    15    these feelings and emotions.

1. A. easily B. finally C. obviously D. actually
2. A. comment B. instruction C. solution D. message
3. A. again B. too C. only D. still
4. A. spread out B. paid off C. fell upon D. turned up
5. A. decided B. challenged C. regarded D. explored
6. A. doubt B. recognize C. realize D. advocate

7. A. went away   B. put away     C. give away     D. break away

8. A. strange B. warm C. silent D. familiar

9. A. sheets B. covers C. clothes D. towels

10. A. letting B. noticing  C. helping D. watching

11. A. exciting B. challenging C. boring D. amazing

12. A. changing B. moving C. struggling D. settling

13. A. unknown B. inconvenient C. unable D. impossible

14. A. lost B. stuck C. controlled D. caught

15. A. match B. mention C. compare D. manage

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

In the past few years, the number of wild animals has decreased due to human activities such as destroying the natural habitat of wild animals. If nothing    16      

(do), man will be punished by nature.    17    (lucky), people begin to take actions. They    18    (build) some nature reserves now so that animals can live in peace. If everyone has the sense of protecting wildlife, it is certain    19    an atmosphere of wildlife protection will come into being.

B

Marie Curie was born in Poland in the late 19th century. She was very clever when she was a little kid. Her parents thought she    20    (become) an outstanding woman, so they sent her abroad to study. In her twenties, she met Pierre Curie and they then married. Although having a very difficult time, they finally discovered the element ‘Radium’, for    21   she was awarded a Nobel Prize. Actually, she was the first woman    22    (win) the Nobel Prize twice.

C

Students are busy. Between classes, homework and family, there can be a lot to balance. So why do we suggest that you join a student organization? In fact, doing this will have a great effect on the students,    23    goals are to become better in school and future life. First of all, you will feel delighted to have so many    24

(opportunity) to learn more about yourselves and your strengths. You can also find out    25    you’re good at, whether that’s listening, staying organized, or serving others. This self-awareness will be beneficial in your future career.

第二部分 阅读理解（30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Science is one of the most interesting and fun subjects for kids. There are endless chances for practical experiments that are sure to surprise and excite children’s imaginations. A great way to get into experimenting with science is with the use of magnets. The properties (性质) of magnets allow for an “invisible force” to move objects seemingly on their own!

If your kids are looking for something a little trickier, why not let them try using magnets to make their own compass (指南针)?

For this experiment, you will need two needles, a strong magnet, a pencil, a cup and some string.

Step 1: Rub the pointed end of the needle along one side of the magnet; this can be either the north or south end. Make sure you are rubbing the needle in one direction, not back and forth. You might need to do this about 30 times to magnetise the needle.

Step 2: Test the magnetised needle with the spare needle to see if it can pick it up. If it can, the needle is ready to use for the experiment. If it doesn’t pick it up, you will need to rub the needle a few more times on the same end of the magnet you were using before.

Step 3: With a piece of string that is a couple of inches long, get your child to tie this to the middle of the pencil. Then, at the bottom end of the hanging string, tie the magnetised needle.

Step 4: Place the pencil, with the needle hanging down, over the top of a cup so that the needle is hanging inside the cup.

Step 5: Watch as the needle moves on its own to point north.

Once your kids have got a taste for magnets, you might want to move on to more advanced experiments. Places like RS Components sell high-tech magnetic equipment that will be sure to carry on fuelling your children’s passion for science!

26. According to the passage, the spare needle is used to         . 

A. rub the magnet on the other side

B. magnetise the other needle

C. check if the other needle is magnetised

D. move on its own to point north

27. Why can the magnetised needle point north? 

A. It is tied to a hanging string.

B. It has the properties of a magnet.

C. It is connected with a magnet.

D. It is hanging down inside the cup.

28. What is the purpose of this passage?

A. To advertise high-tech magnetic equipment. 

B. To entertain kids with magnet experiments.

C. To stress the importance of practical experiments.

D. To provide a way to inspire kids’ passion for science.

B

Wang Fang, a Suzhou native, has given her heart and soul to Kunqu Opera. Wang, who has twice won the Plum Performance Award—China’s top award for theater and opera performances—started to learn the traditional art form in 1977.

Born with a melodic voice, Wang loved to sing and dance when she was little. She performed frequently, and was recruited by the Suzhou Kunqu Opera Troupe (剧团) when she was in middle school. However, her parents refused the troupe’s invitation, insisting that she should concentrate on her studies and not drop out of school. After members of the troupe visited the parents repeatedly and showed great sincerity, Wang’s parents finally agreed.

Learning the traditional art form was never easy. She started to learn how to pronounce words, sing them lyrically and make gestures gently. As an actress playing martial artists roles at first, she had to spend extra time practicing kung fu movements. Years later, Wang used the word “unimaginable” to describe how hard the days were when she first learned Kunqu. She was soaked in sweat when practicing movements in summer, while in winter she often had chilblains (冻疮) on her hands when training in shabby classrooms with broken windows. “But I made up my mind not to give up. No matter how difficult, I always got up early the next morning to practice,” Wang recalls.

Wang says she did not love Kunqu at first, but in her early 20s, when she watched the show Peony Pavilion performed by Zhang Jiqing, a master of the art form, it clicked. “I was shocked,” Wang says. “Her every movement was full of elegance and delicacy. Each of her lines and songs was perfect. I was overwhelmed (难以禁受) by the beauty of Kunqu for the first time in my life, and it has stayed with me since.” Now, Wang has herself become a master of Kunqu. Her performances have impressed generations of audiences and helped to promote the art form among young people.

29. Why did Wang’s parents turn down the troupe’s invitation at first? 

A. They didn’t think Wang had artistic talent.

B. They saw no future in learning Kunqu Opera.

C. They didn’t want Wang to ignore her studies.

D. They regarded members of the troupe as insincere.

30. What changed Wang’s attitude towards Kunqu Opera? 

A. Watching Zhang’s masterly performance.

B. Joining the Suzhou Kunqu Opera Troupe.

C. Winning the Plum Performance Award.

D. Being greatly admired by the audiences.

31. Which of the following words can best describe Wang Fang?

1. Caring and passionate.              B. Talented and ambitious. 

C. Determined and hard-working.        D. Professional and generous.

32. What can we learn from this story?

A. It is never too late to learn.    B. Rome was not built in a day.

C. Doing is better than saying.   D. Don’t judge a book by its cover.

C

Whether hunting or competing for limited space and resources, humans are the planet’s super predator (捕食者). As the human population increases, it’s getting harder for other creatures to find somewhere to hide during the day. Now new findings indicate animals around the world have become nocturnal (夜间活动的).

In a paper published in Science, researchers analyzed 76 previous scientific studies about the human impact on animal activity. They compared animals’ activity during the day and night in areas of high human disturbance (from hunting or farming to hiking and other outdoor recreations) and low human disturbance (relatively natural conditions). This study showed animals are becoming an average of 1.36 times more nocturnal due to high human disturbance.

For example, in Poland wild boars go from 48% nocturnal in natural forests to 90% nocturnal in city areas. Even activities people consider relatively innocuous, such as hiking and wildlife viewing, strongly influence animals’ daily routines. “We think that we’re leaving no trace often when we’re outdoors, but we can be having lasting result on animal behavior,” says Kaitlyn Gaynor, lead researcher for the study.

Scientists think becoming nocturnal may hurt those species (物种) highly adapted to the sun. They might not be able to live well at night, which would eventually hurt their chances of survival and reproduction. Perhaps even more alarming effects could be in the wider ecosystem. In California’s Santa Cruz Mountains, coyotes have been more nocturnal in response to hikers and have started to change their diets from daytime prey, such as squirrels and birds, to nocturnal prey, such as rats and rabbits.

Exactly how ecological communities will change, and whether it will be for better or worse, requires further study. Some nighttime shifts may benefit both animals and humans, Gaynor notes. For instance, tiger attacks on people in Nepal are decreasing as tigers become more nocturnal.

Studies like this one will eventually help conservation managers make better decisions about how to protect ecosystems. “We’ll need to understand local dynamics to really understand how we should be changing management of wildlife populations or human activities,” Gaynor notes. “One potential approach might be to manage the timing of human activities so that we leave some of the daylight for other animals.”

33. How do animals respond to increasing human disturbance?

A. By limiting their food intake.   

B. By leaving their habitats.

C. By controlling their population.   

D. By adjusting their normal daily activities.

34. What does the underlined word “innocuous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Harmless.　　B. Recreational.  C. Organized.  D. Irregular.

35. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The human impact on animal activity has led to a new ecological balance.

B. Animals’ becoming nocturnal may cause some kinds of animals to die out.

C. Animals’ becoming nocturnal may encourage the variety of species.

D. All the animals’ natural ways of life may be affected by humans.

36. What is Gaynor probably going to explain in the next paragraph?

A. How humans manage their activity schedule.

B. Why humans need to control the number of wildlife.
 C. How ecological communities will change.

D. Why nighttime shift does good to both animals and humans.

D

When schools go through budget (预算) cuts, foreign language classes are often placed on the cutting block. School administrators often do not understand how important foreign language study is for their students’ success in the real world. Far from cutting language classes, schools should be demanding them for all students. Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.

Language study strengthens students’ minds. Many studies have indicated that multilingual people—people who speak more than one language—are better at certain tasks. Specifically, multilingual people have better executive (执行的) function than people who speak only one language. Executive function is the way the brain manages all the information it’s given, such as performing different tasks and deciding what to focus on. In brain scans, multilingual people show increased activity in the areas of the brain that control executive function. Researchers have guessed that this advantage exists because multilingual people must constantly decide which words from which language to use. As a result, multilingual people get lots of practice with executive function. Their brains can then apply those skills to other tasks, like paying attention or multitasking. This effect is especially strong for people who grow up speaking more than one language. The earlier students start language classes, the more benefits they may get from language study.

Moreover, language study helps prepare students for their future careers. Today, language skills are in high demand in the job market and more and more businesses work in many countries across the world. As businesses become global, they need people who can communicate easily across national borders. To prepare for their careers, more students should be learning foreign languages. From 2010 to 2015, the demand in the United States for workers who speak a second language doubled. This trend included workers of all skill levels and backgrounds.

Of course, in order to make better use of the advantages of foreign language study, middle school foreign language classes should not just make students memorize new words and pronunciation. They must also teach students about new cultures. Foreign language classes should be required to include lessons about history, literature, customs, and government along with the languages themselves. These subjects will help students become better global citizens and support their studies in other subjects.

Requiring middle school students to study a foreign language offers them chances to sharpen their brains. It also gives them tools that will help them become productive members of today’s global society.

37. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?

A. More foreign language classes should be offered in middle schools.

B. Studying a foreign language should be a middle school requirement.

C. Foreign language classes should be cut because of the limited funds.

D. Taking foreign language classes in middle schools should be a choice.

38. We can learn from the passage that         .

A. foreign language classes should teach students traditional cultures

B. people can learn languages better when they are getting older

C. being able to work in another country doubles people’s job chances

D. people who speak more than one language can perform different tasks better

39. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?

A. What should be taught in foreign language classes.

B. How students make better use of the advantages of foreign language study.

C. Why students should learn history, literature and customs.

D. Why foreign language study supports students’ studies in other subjects.

40. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A. Requirements of Finding a Job

B. Qualities of Becoming Better Global Citizens

C. Advantages of Learning Foreign Languages

D. Suggestions of Teaching Foreign Languages

第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，40分)

第一节（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）

 阅读下面短文，请根据文意从方框中选出适当的词语并用恰当的形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

At 3:42 on July 28, 1976, an earthquake    41    the city of Tangshan. It

   42    to the city. Everywhere nearly everything    43   . All hope was not lost. Soon after the earthquake, a lot of soldiers and doctors came to Tangshan to help. They built shelters and    44   . Slowly, the city began to breathe again.

There are a lot of examples of great people around us. Martin Luther King fought and    45    for black people in the US. Gandhi led his country to    46    from British rule. Christopher Reeve suffered from severe injuries, but with the support of his family and friends, he    47    and finally returned to his film and charity career. The most impressive one is Tu Youyou, who overcame many difficulties and    48    for hundreds of times to find the cure for malaria. All of above are admirable.

第二节（共4小题；第49、50题各2分，第51题3分，第52题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。

The Secret to Improving Your Memory

If you want to improve your memory, you need to know how your brain works. You might be surprised to hear that your lifestyle habits might be making it difficult for you to correctly record each piece of information, experience, or learning.

It would appear that the secret to improving your memory is really simple. It’s to take breaks. As a matter of fact, the brain has more limited energy resources than you probably think. Therefore, it tires quickly and its levels of attention begin to drop after about 30 to 45 minutes.

The hippocampus (海马体) is the area of your brain that’s responsible for consolidating (巩固) your short-term memories in the long term. Furthermore, for this consolidation to be possible, there must be an connection with different regions of the cerebral cortex (大脑皮层). Currently, we know that, for best connectivity, we must rest. Therefore, factors such as tiredness, negative feelings, or stress make it difficult to connect one area to the other. Studies found taking breaks of between nine and 15 minutes improves memory, both in healthy people and in those with neurological damage.

However, there’s one small detail that’s important. The rest must be real rest. In other words, you should go to a quiet space and not have any distractions (分心的事) around you. This includes not having your cell phone nearby. The secret to improving your memory requires you to rest for between ten and 15 minutes leaving your mind completely empty. In fact, knowing how to rest is decisive for your cognitive function, balancing your emotions, and renewing your energy.

Your lifestyle plays an extremely important role in the way your memory functions. Rest isn’t wasting time. In fact, allowing yourself small breaks is investing in your health and well-being.

49. What is the secret to improve your memory?
50. What factors may influence the connection between different regions of cerebral cortex?
51. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

        Taking rests is important for your memory and spending about 15 minutes in playing with your phone will help improve it.

52. In addition to what is mentioned in the passage, what else can you do to improve your memory? (In about 40 words)

第三节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校将组织一次主题为 “我最敬佩的人” 的英文演讲比赛，请你写一篇演讲稿,内容包括：

1. 你最敬佩的人是谁；

2. 你为什么最敬佩他(她)；

3. 他(她)对你的影响。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

          2. 题目已给出，不计入总词数。

 The Person I Admire

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丰台区2022-2023学年度第二学期期中练习

高一英语（A）卷  参考答案

第一部分 知识运用 （共两节，30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

1. B  2. C   3. D   4. C   5. A

6. C     7. A     8. D   9. B   10. A

11. D  12. A  13. C  14. B  15. D

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

16. is done     17. Luckily    18. are building    19. that  

20. would become  21. which    22. to win   23.whose

24. opportunities    25. what

第二部分 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

26. C 27. B       28. D      29. C       30. A    

31. C     32. B       33. D      34. A       35. B      

36. A     37. B       38. D      39. A       40. C

第三部分 书面表达 (共三节，40分)

第一节（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分）

41. struck                        42. caused severe damage 

43. was destroyed                  44. rescued the injured

45. won equal rights                46. gain independence   

47. engaged in intense exercises      48. conducted research

第二节（共4小题；第49、50题各2分，第51题3分，第52题5分，共12分）

49. Taking breaks.
50. Tiredness, negative feelings, and stress.

51. Taking rests is important for your memory and spending about 15  

minutes in playing with your phone will help improve it.

According to the passage, when taking rests, you should go to a quiet space and not have any distractions around you. This includes not having your cell phone nearby. So you can’t play with your phone.

52. Firstly, when studying, I will focus my attention and don’t think about other things. Secondly, I try to understand what I am learning. By doing so, I can remember things for a long time. Thirdly, by going over what I have learned in time, I will not forget the things easily.

第三节 (20分)

略。