2023北京丰台高三二模英语试题及答案（不含听力）

2023北京丰台高三二模

英 语 试 题

本试卷共12页，100 分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

笔试(共三部分100分)

第一部分 知识运用 (共两节，30分)

第一节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Dave King is in his second winter of snowplowing(铲雪) people's driveways for free.

April Frazier is one person who has benefited from King's kindness. She is a single mother. After one storm last year, she was busy looking after her kids and just knew she was not going to be able to get out there and 1______ the snow.

Frazier saw a post online in which King invited people to contact him if they needed help with that day's storm. She 2______ to him and offered to pay him, but he refused.

Frazier was grateful- -and has been 3______ to see, with every storm since. King has reported to her house and plowed her driveway, never 4______ penny(一分钱). Now he also plows her parents' driveway for free. And one time, he 5______ plowed her parents' neighbors' driveways without anyone asking him. “He is loyal and 6______,” said Frazier.

King got the idea when he overheard a neighbor complaining she was having difficulty with the snow in her driveway. It occurred to King that he could plow the driveways of people in need for free.

King went online and invited anyone who needed their driveways plowed to get in touch with him. People were 7______ at first, as though he had some kind of dishonest plan going. But they were quick to find out he was 8______ and started taking him up on his offer.

King hopes to 9______ this kindness and generosity and set up a whole network of volunteers to help people in need.

“King is making a positive difference in the community," Frazier said. “He is an unsung hero for this town. He inspires hope in 10______.”

1. A. feel    B. remove   C. collect    D. appreciate

2. A. reached out  B. looked up   C. held on   D. gave in

3. A. proud   B. anxious   C. puzzled   D. surprised

4. A. spotting   B. costing   C. expecting   D. rejecting

5. A. even   B. almost    C. still    D. rather

6. A. humorous  B. committed   C. optimistic   D. imaginative

7. A. bored   B. disappointed   C. cautious   D. frightened

8. A. genuine   B. popular   C. courageous  D. wise

9. A. receive   B. expand   C. keep    D. practice

10. A. creativity  B. honesty   C. confidence   D. humanity

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

The skin of a small fish from Thailand is almost completely clear. As it swims, its muscles move, 11_______(result) in reflections of many colors. After shining different kinds of light and lasers onto the fish in a laboratory, researchers made a 12_______(discover) that the small structures in its muscles are what turns light into rainbow colors. Other creatures can also create the rainbow effect when colors change. Usually, they have outer surfaces 13_______ reflect the light, like a butterfly's wings.

B

With exciting moves, fantastic music and competitors using cool names, breaking is a sport like no other. Also. 14_______(know) as breakdancing, it will become one of the Olympic sports 15_______ the Games are held in 2024. It is not yet known how the 2024 Olympic contest 16_______(arrange). It is likely that there will be separate female and male battles, and possibly mixed-doubles events with both men and women.

C

As one of China's ten 17_______(famous) teas, Longjing tea is characterized by its green color, delicate smell, rich taste and beautiful shape. The beautiful forms of a bud(嫩芽) 18_______ one leaf or two leaves are acknowledged as quality tea. The picking work of such tea leaves demands a high accuracy and 19_______(depend) largely on hand labor. To improve efficiency, a tea-picking robot was made and it is in trial operation now. It can position 20_______ the target bud and leaf are and cut them precisely.

第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)

第一节 (共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Become a Competent Medical Writer in 4 Weeks!

Hurry! This offer ends soon! Claim your spot TODAY!

Three years ago, I started a. family and have experienced. financial stress since then. I could pay my bills alright, but that was all I could do. I couldn't even afford a family holiday.

Fortunately, I discovered medical writing. I learned that it was about writing scientific documents. And I felt I had the necessary skills to start medical writing as a side hustle(副业)、By the end of the year, I had my first contract as a freelance medical writer. I felt really secure financially and career -wise.

Today, we 've observed more medical writers are wanted. So, in collaboration with some colleagues, we 've prepared the most important lessons to help you become a competent medical writer: (By Alex)

The Complete Medical Writing Training

This online course is perfect for people with a life science degree. Here's the full course outline.

Week 1 The scientific writing process

Introduction to medical writing: Learn about medical writing and decide your path.

The writing process: How to write the scientific document in four simple steps.

Researching to write: Find reliable sources easily to inform your medical writing and identify brilliant ideas from the literature.

Week 2 Writing effectively

Outlining to write: The simplest strategy to structure any document perfectly for easier writing and better flow.

Referencing: Learn when to cite and how to use common referencing styles and automate your referencing using online tools.

Week 3 Other essentials

Scientific research: Update yourself on various clinical research approaches, designs and methods for better medical writing output

Essential biostatistics: How to use common statistical terms from the medical literature correctly in your writing

Week 4 Writing assignments

There are 8 marked writing assignments with feedback to help you improve your writing.

21. Why did Alex start medical writing?

A. To improve medical skills.

B. To have more leisure time.

C. To get out of financial trouble.

D. To prepare for the writing training.

22. What will people learn by attending the courses?

A. The ways of evaluating the assignments.

B. The steps of writing a scientific document.

C. The skills in using online writing correction tools.

D. The strategies for structuring medical knowledge.

23. What's the main purpose of the passage?

A. To attract people to the training course.

B. To share the content of the writing course.

C. To introduce the benefits of medical writing.

D. To emphasize the importance of medical writing.

B

When I was little, my dad would let me sit beside him on the porch while he painted. He would tell me how the cow by itself is just a cow, and the meadow by itself is just grass and flowers, and the sun peeking through the trees is just a beam of light, but put them all together and you've got magic.

I understood what he was saying, but I've never felt what he was saying until one day when I was up in the sycamore tree to rescue a kite stuck in the branches.

It was a long way up, but I thought I'd give it a shot. I started climbing. Then I looked down. And suddenly I got dizzy and weak. I was miles off the ground! But the kite was still beyond my reach. I caught my breath and forced myself to concentrate on the kite as I climbed up.

When I had the kite free, I needed a minute to rest. That's when the fear of being up so high began to lift, and in its place came the most amazing feeling that I was flying. Just soaring above the earth, sailing among the clouds.

Then I began to notice how wonderful the breeze smelled. It seemed like sunshine and wild grass and rain! I couldn't stop breathing it in, filling my lungs again and again with the sweetest smell I'd ever known.

I never got over the view. I kept thinking of what it felt like to be up so high in that tree. I wanted to see it, to feel it, again. And again.

It wasn't long before I wasn't afraid of being up so high and found the spot that became my spot. I could sit there for hours, just looking out at the world. Sunsets were amazing. Some days they'd be purple and pink, some days they'd be a blazing orange, setting fire to clouds across the horizon.

It was on a day like that when my father's notion(观念) moved from my head to my heart. The view from my sycamore was more than rooftops and clouds and wind and colors combined.

And I started marveling(惊奇) at how I was feeling both humble and majestic. How was that possible? How could I be so full of peace and full of wonder?

It was magic.

24. Why did the author climb up the sycamore tree?

A. To play in the tree.

B. To get a trapped kite.

C. To prove her courage.

D. To practice climbing skills.

25. The author's climbing experience was ________.

A. unusual but painful

B. competitive and imaginative

C. adventurous but rewarding

D. well-planned and interesting

26. Why did the author like being up high in the tree?

A. Because the tree had the sweetest smell.

B. Because it could help her to concentrate.

C. Because her father encouraged her to do so.

D. Because she could enjoy more than good views.

27. What message does the author want to convey?

A. Practice makes perfect.

B. Positive action leads to happiness.

C. Beautiful things don't ask for attention.

D. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

C

Newspapers, advertisements, and labels surround us everywhere, turning our environment into a mass of texts to be read or ignored. As the quantity of information, we receive continually increases and as information spreading is shifting from page to screen, it may be time to ask how changes in our way of reading may affect our mental life. For how we receive information bears vitally on the ways we experience and interpret reality.

What is most obvious in the evolution of reading is the gradual displacement of the vertical(垂直的) by the horizontal- -a shift from intensive to extensive reading. In our culture, access is not a problem, but proliferation(激增) is. And the reading act is necessarily different than it was in its earliest days. Awed by the availability of texts, the reader tends to move across surfaces without allowing the words to resonate(共鸣) inwardly.

Interestingly, this shift from vertical to horizontal parallels the overall societal shift from bounded lifetimes spent in single locales to lives lived in wider geographical areas amid streams of data. This larger access was once regarded as worldliness- one traveled, knew the life of cities, the ways of diverse people...It has now become the birthright of anyone who owns a television set.

How do we square the advantages and disadvantages of horizontal and vertical awareness? The villagers, who know everything about their surroundings, are blessedly unaware of events in distant lands. The media obsessed urbanites, by contrast, never lose their awareness of what happens in different parts of the world.

We may ask, which people are happier? The villagers may have found more sense in things owing both to the limited range of their concern and the depth on their information. But restricted conditions and habit also suggest boredom and limitation. The lack of a larger perspective( 视角) leads to suspiciousness and cautious conservatism, but for the same reason, the constant availability of data and macro-perspectives has its own decreasing returns. When everything is happening everywhere, it gets harder to care about anything.

How do we assign value? Where do we find the fixed context that allows us to create a narrative of sense about our lives? Ideally, I suppose, one would have the best of both worlds- -the purposeful fixity of the local, as well as the availability of enhancing views: a natural ecology of information and context.

28. What can we learn about the first two paragraphs?

A. Readers today tend to ignore deep engagement with texts.

B. It's difficult to shift from vertical to horizontal reading.

C. Where and how we read texts shapes our mental life.

D. People are tired of information proliferation.

29. According to the passage, villagers ______.

A. have a deeper understanding of their surroundings

B. show no interest in what happens in the world

C. are less bored than media-obsessed urbanites

D. cannot adapt to changing situations

30. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Vertical awareness allows us to care about others.

B. Changes in our reading habits lead to the societal shift.

C. It's wise to keep a balance between a local and a global view.

D. Horizontal reading affects our mindset more than vertical reading.

D

Coastal cities worldwide are squeezed by two opposing forces: urban sprawl(扩张) and the rising sea. This struggle is intensely visible in the flatlands where expanding neighborhoods routinely flood and saltwater flooding damages the river mouths that protect communities from the worst of our climate crisis.

Massive resources are being put into environmental restoration projects, and development is subject to many layers of approvals. Yet in 2022 the commissioners of a coastal city voted to expand a legal boundary that contains sprawl to allow a 400-acre warehouse project. They are failing to see the value of this land in the greater ecosystem.

Wetlands, coastal plains and forests do cheaply (or even for free) what seawalls and pumps do at a cost of billions of dollars. They are vital infrastructure(基础设施) that makes us more resilient against climate change, and the cost of destroying them or weakening their ability to function must be factored into the decisions we make to build and grow.

To do so, the economic incentives to develop any natural landscape should be weighed against the protective economic value that land already provides. Economists call this an “avoided damage" valuation. Local planning boards might consider the value of a sand dune or swamp in flood protection versus the expense of replacing it with a seawall and water pump system. Maintaining and restoring natural infrastructure to support healthy functioning saves money, time and lives.

The concept of “natural capital", or the idea that ecosystem services should be valued in a similar manner as any form of wealth, dates back to the 1970s. Markets have always valued wood as a commodity(商品), for example, but not the services that came along with producing it, such as soil maintenance, carbon storage, and nutrient cycling. We didn't need a market for resources that industrialists saw as abundant(丰富的) and endlessly renewable. This exploitative(开发资源的) assumption turned out to be very wrong. Failing to measure the benefits of ecosystem services in policy and management decisions is a major reason many of those ecosystems disappeared.

It also seems crass to place a dollar amount on ecosystems that we'd rather view as priceless, existing for their own sake and valuable to humans in ways that are beyond capitalism. This preciousness is ethically sound. But developers have long confused pricelessness with worthlessness, allowing them to profit without paying for the consequences of destroying the environment.

Economic value is never the only reason nature is worth preserving; it is simply a powerful, underused tool to help us make decisions about how to live more sustainably in a climate-changed world. If policy makers considered natural infrastructure in the language of economics, they might recognize just how deeply we rely on it.

31. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A. The consequences of the saltwater flooding.

B. The cause of the urban sprawl and the rising sea.

C. An approval to an environmental restoration project.

D. The problem caused by the expansion of coastal cities.

32. What can we learn from the passage?

A. The idea of natural capital can enhance the profit of commodity.

B. The economic growth boosts the protection of natural landscape.

C. The abundance of resources is not the reason for devaluing them.

D. The exploitation of nature reflects the “avoided damage" valuation.

33. What does the underlined word “crass” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A. Inadvisable.

B. Beneficial.

C. Relevant.

D. Unrealistic.

34. What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To appeal for stricter control over city scale.

B. To propose the use of nature as infrastructure.

C. To stress the importance of ecosystem services.

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The term “growth mindset" has become something of a buzzword in our life. You can find it everywhere you look- -in the seminars of motivational speakers, in the education course descriptions， and in the mission statements of companies. 35______

One of the biggest misconceptions about growth mindset is that it is the same thing as being open-minded in your beliefs. This is untrue. Being open-minded in your beliefs is often the belief on what true growth mindset is, but this is actually called “false growth mindset" in the research community. 36______ What this means is that they have a fixed belief on their intelligence level, which is exactly what a fixed mindset is. They believe that they are growing, when in reality they are not.

Being open-minded to other people's beliefs and new things is great, but it does not mean that you are actually learning anything. Furthermore, there is no way to ever have a truly complete growth mindset. 37______ It is important that you accept this and embrace it, while still desiring to experience growth anyway. This is the only way you can truly foster as much of a growth mindset as humanly possible.

38______ Unproductive efforts that are merely done for the reward or outcome are not considered to be growth mindset. True growth mindset has nothing to do with reward or outcome. Rather, it is based entirely on the learning and growing process itself. When you are invested in a growth mindset, you are invested in the process regardless of the outcome.

39______ You cannot simply “have" a growth mindset. You have to want one, and invest in having one. Understanding the truth about growth mindset will enable you to understand exactly how this trait can assist you in life.

A. Mindset is a lot harder than “just do it".

B. It is virtually impossible, as we are all fixed in some way or another.

C. Another false belief is that growth mindset is about rewarded efforts.

D. A second misconception is that people's motivation comes from the process.

E. But despite its popularity, some people don't understand what it actually means.

F. This is essentially people who have an “I already have it, and I always have" attitude.

G. Growth mindset assists people in having greater results from what they set out to accomplish.

第三部分书 书面表达(共两节，32 分)

第一节 (共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Brain, 58, was treated in intensive care for a severe case. As soon as his condition had stabilized, he was sent home with equipment including a phone and a blood pressure monitor.

“Every day I would input my vital signs on the app," Brain said. “If anything went wrong or wasn't right, a nurse would call me straight away.”

Brain spent six weeks on this “virtual ward(病房)”, run by his local NHS hospital in partnership with Doccla, a healthcare technology company. He is one of thousands of patients to have been treated in new “hospitals at home", seen by NHS leaders as a “lifeline” for overwhelmed hospitals that have run out of beds. 2, 500 virtual ward beds were already in use, ensuring that people could “get the care they need from their own homes"

Retz, founder of Docile, said soon there could be "regional command centers”, where a doctor or nurse monitored data from hundreds of patients displayed on a dashboard. “It works in a similar way to traditional ward rounds in a hospital, with patients submitting data once or twice a day, which is reviewed by a doctor," he said.

Noel O'Kelly. clinical director at Spirit Health. said, “Older people want to spend as little time in hospital as possible and avoid hospital visits, particularly as frequent visits and long periods of time spent in hospital can be damaging to the health of older patients. We have already seen very encouraging results from the use of virtual wards for older patients.”

Virtual wards allow real potential to support people to recover well in the community. The model is not a silver bullet and health leaders are mindful that it should not worsen health inequalities, but it could present a vital lifeline for the system.

40. How was Brain treated after his condition stabilized?

41. What do “regional command centers” and traditional ward rounds have in common?

42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

➢Older patients want to spend as little time in hospital as possible because medical resources in hospitals are limited.

43. Besides what's mentioned in the passage, what other benefit(s) do you think virtual hospitals may have? (In about 40 words)

第二节(20 分)

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim来信询问你毕业后的暑期安排。请你用英文给他写- -封电子邮件，谈谈你的打算及原因。

注意: 1.词数100左右;

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

参考答案

第一部分 知识运用

第一节

1. B  2.A  3. D  4. C  5.A  6. B  7. C  8.A  9. B  10. D

第二节

11. resulting

12. discovery

13. that/which

14. known

15. when

16. will be arranged

17. most famous

18. with

19. depends

20. where

第二部分 阅读理解

第一节

21.C  22. B 23. A 24. B 25. C 26.D 27. D 28.A  29.A                            30. C

31. D 32.C  33. A 34. B

第二节

35. E 36. F 37. B 38.C  39. A .

第三部分 书面表达

第一节

40. He was sent home with equipment including a phone and a blood pressure monitor.

41. Patients submit data once or twice a day, which is reviewed by a doctor.

42. Older patients want to spend as little time in hospital as possible because medical resources in hospitals are limited.

According to the passage, older patients want to spend as little time in hospital as possible because long periods of time spent in hospital can be damaging to their health.

43. 略。

第二节

Dear Jim,

How is everything going? I'd like to share with you my plans for the upcoming summer vacation.

First, I'm going to take a trip with my parents. It's a great way to unwind and recharge after a year of hard work. Moreover, we can explore breathtaking scenery and spend quality time together during the journey.

Learning some new skills is also on my agenda. Passionate about programming, I'm planning to attend relevant online courses to take my programming skills to the next level, which will be beneficial for my future major.

I just can't wait to kick off my summer vacation! Have you got any vacation plans yet? Looking forward to your reply.

Yours,

Li Hua