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外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope同步训练题
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这是一份外研版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 6 Disaster and hope同步训练题，文件包含高中外研版英语新教材必修第3册单元检测卷6docx、高中外研版英语新教材必修第3册6单元检测卷六wav等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
单元检测卷(六)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation take place probably?
A．At home.
B．In a shop.
C．In a swimming pool.
2．On which days doesn’t the man’s son work?
A．Monday，Wednesday and Friday.
B．Tuesday，Thursday and Sunday.
C．Monday，Friday and Saturday.
3．Who is going after Jack?
A．Mr Green.
B．Mrs Green.
C．His brother.
4．What does the man mean?
A．The car doesn’t need cleaning.
B．He cleaned the car last time.
C．Mark should clean the car this time.
5．When should the delivery be made to the man?
A．On Sunday.
B．On Saturday.
C．On Thursday.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What did the IOC President announce?
A．The winner to host the 34th Winter Olympic Games.
B．The winner to host the 24th Winter Olympic Games.
C．The winner to host the 44th Winter Olympic Games.
7．How many more nods did Beijing get than its rival—Almaty?
A．Forty. B．Fortyfour. C．Four.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How long does the woman need the car?
A．For three weeks.
B．For thirteen days.
C．For three days.
9．Which car does the woman choose at last?
A．The silver one.
B．The black one.
C．The red one.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman want?
A．An overcoat.
B．A jacket.
C．A skirt.
11．Who promised to solve the problem for the woman?
A．The tailor.
B．The manager.
C．The tailor’s assistant.
12．When will the speakers go to the tailor’s?
A．Next Saturday morning.
B．Next Saturday afternoon.
C．Next Sunday morning.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers doing?
A．Saying goodbye to each other.
B．Waiting for a flight.
C．Exchanging their pictures.
14．What do we know about Jane?
A．She is studying at Cambridge University.
B．She will graduate next July.
C．She is twentyone years old.
15．Who is the woman’s daughter?
A．Jane. B．Beth. C．Tina.
16．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The man has been traveling for a month.
B．The man’s son is a college teacher.
C．The woman likes playing the piano.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do restaurants in America seldom accept?
A．Cash.
B．Checks.
C．Credit cards.
18．What do we know about popular restaurants?
A．They have many reservations every day.
B．They serve alcohol to guests under 20.
C．They accept reservations for large parties.
19．How much should you tip for superior service in a restaurant?
A．15% of the total bill.
B．20% of the total bill.
C．25% of the total bill.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Americans smoke less than Europeans.
B．Asians smoke less than Europeans.
C．The legal smoking age in America is 21.
答案 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C 9．A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.A 17．B 18.C 19.B 20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：May I help you?
W：Yes，I would like to buy a swimming suit for my older sister as a birthday present.
Text 2
W：I hear your son is working parttime at the supermarket.
M：Yes，he works on Monday，Wednesday and Friday from 4∶00 p．m.to 7∶00 p．m.and all day on Saturday.
Text 3
M：Wait a minute.I recognize the man who’s following Jack.It’s Mr.Green.
W：Now I remember.Mr.Green told me yesterday his brother was coming.
Text 4
W：The car hasn’t been cleaned for a few days.
M：No，it hasn’t.
W：It’s very dirty.Someone ought to clean it today.
M：It’s Mark’s turn.
Text 5
M：Can you deliver this，please?
W：It depends on where you live，sir.
M：In Camden Town.
W：Yes，we deliver there.But it will cost two pounds fifty.
M：All right.But I’m only in on Saturday.
Text 6
W：Good news!
M：What’s it?
W：The IOC President Thomas Bach announced the winner just now.
M：What winner?
W：Silly bookworm！Beijing has got the right to host the twentyfourth Winter Olympic Games in 2022.
M：That’s really good news！Tell me something further，please.
W：Beijing and its cobidder Zhangjiakou won 44 nods against Almaty’s 40 in the voting，becoming the first city to host both summer and winter Olympics.
M：Wonderful！I’ll do something for the Winter Olympic Games from now on.
Text 7
M：Hello，can I help you?
W：I’d like to rent a Toyata Corolla.
M：All right.How long will you need it?
W：For three days.
M：Have you ever rented a car before?
W：No，I haven’t.Can I choose the color of the car?
M：Sure.We have Toyata Corollas in black，red and silver.
W：I don’t like black or red.
M：Then you can have the other one！Please show me your ID card and I will copy it.
W：OK.Anything else?
M：Sign your name on the application form，and here are the keys to the car.
W：Thanks！What time do I have to bring it back?
M：It needs to come back by noon of the third day.
W：All right.Thanks!
M：Drive safely.
Text 8
W：Can you recommend a good tailor?
M：Yes，why?
W：I want a new overcoat for the winter.
M：Oh，how about the tailor near my school?
W：I don’t think that one is very good.I had a dress made there，but it pulled open under the arms a few days later.
M：Why didn’t you go back and reason with the tailor?
W：I did，but he refused to do anything about it and quarreled with me.In the end，I had to talk to the manager.
M：What did he say?
W：He said he would see what he could do.
M：Well，that’s good.
W：But I don’t want to have the same kind of trouble.Do you know any other tailors in town?
M：Well，there’s one next to the 6th Department Store.He’s said to be very good.
W：Could you take me there someday?
M：Certainly.How about next Sunday morning?
W：OK.That’s very kind of you.
Text 9
W：Oh，what terrible weather！The plane must be delayed.
M：I know.I can’t wait to get home.I’ve been traveling on business for a month.I really miss my family.
W：A month is a long time to be away.Well，do you have any children?
M：I have two，a boy and a girl.Would you like to see a picture of them?
W：Sure...Oh，how nice！Now，who’s this?
M：This is Jane，my beautiful daughter.She’s twentyfour.
W：Is she married?
M：No.She is studying engineering at Cambridge University.She will graduate this June.And she has gotten a position with IBM.
W：What an excellent girl!
M：So she is！And this is my son，James.
W：How old is he?
M：He is twentyone.He’s in college now.That’s my wife，Beth，a college teacher.
W：Wow，you certainly have a lovely family!
M：Thank you.So，tell me about your family.
W：My husband and I have a daughter，Tina.She is a lovely girl and she likes playing the piano.But I don’t have a photo with me.
M：Well，it seems that you miss your daughter very much.
W：Yes.I haven’t seen her for nearly two weeks.
Text 10
If you visit America，you should be aware of some of the American customs and habits.All restaurants in America accept cash for payment，and most also accept credit cards.You will seldom find a restaurant that accepts checks.It is common to have to wait for a table in a popular restaurant.
There are many popular restaurants that do not accept reservations，or will only accept reservations for large parties，for example，six or more people.Many restaurants in America have a license to serve alcohol.The drinking age in America is 21.
Tipping is another common custom.American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill.Therefore，it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server.The common practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service，and about 20% for superior service.Smoking in America is not always considered to be a good social habit.Smoking in public is not as common in America as in many other countries.Generally，Americans smoke less than Europeans and much less than Asians.It is a fact that smoking is becoming less and less socially acceptable.Smoking is forbidden in many places.The legal smoking age in America is 18.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高一期末)
If you are dreaming of visiting one of those pictureperfect European towns filled with oldworld attractiveness and scenic beauty，here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.
Manarola
Manarola，Italy，is filled with rainbowcolored homes along the Mediterranean coast.This attractive fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine，and the paintings.There are no cars here，no traffic lights，or traffic noise.You can drive to Manarola，but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.
GarmischPartenkirchen
GarmischPartenkirchen，Germany，is an attractive mountain town，once two separate towns，one Roman and the other Teutonic.The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one，though the two sides still have different characters.The town dates back to 15 AD，filled with narrow streets lined with historic three or fourstory buildings painted with religious scenes.
Marsaxlokk
The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk，Malta，was built in 900 BC.Today，this picturelike town is the main supplier of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea.It has no modern buildings to ruin its attractiveness.With such quiet surroundings，including the traditional fishing boats，it is a particularly charming place to visit.
Port Magee
In a country filled with beautiful towns，Port Magee，is a standout，sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland.This seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history.At The Bridge Bar，you will find live music many nights of the week along with nice food and a fine glass of beer.
21．In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car?
A．Manarola.
B．GarmischPartenkirchen.
C．Marsaxlokk.
D．Port Magee.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由Manarola中最后一句“You can drive to Manarola，but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.”可知，你可以开车到Manarola，但必须把车停在这个镇的外面，然后乘公共汽车或者走着进去。故A项正确。
22．Manarola and Port Magee are perfect choices for tourists who .
A．prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town
B．want to stay on a Mediterranean island
C．have special interest in traditional fishing boats
D．need to be refreshed in a mountain town
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由Manarola中的“This attractive fishing town...”和Port Magee中的“This seaside fishing town...”可知，对于喜欢在一个古老的沿海渔村游玩的游客来说，Manarola和Port Magee是完美的选择。故A项正确。
23．Which statement about GarmischPartenkirchen is TRUE?
A．GarmischPartenkirchen is a Roman town.
B．The 1936 Winter Olympics gave birth to the town.
C．There are many wide streets painted with religious scenes.
D．The two sides of it now have similar characters.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由GarmischPartenkirchen中第二句“The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one，though the two sides still have different characters.”可知，是1936年冬季奥运会迫使它们联合为一个整体。所以1936年的冬季奥运会促成了这个镇子的诞生。故B项正确。
B
One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes.It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that，” and it is even harder to say，“I was wrong，and you were right about that.”
I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago.He told me he had been the manager of a certain store in the neighborhood where I grew up，and he asked me if I remembered the egg boxes.Then he talked of an incident and I began to remember it.
I was about eight years old at that time，and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly shopping.On that special day，I must have found my way to the food department where the incident took place.
There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was a big show of eggs in dozen and halfdozen boxes.The boxes were put three or four feet high.I must have stopped in front of them to admire the show.Just then a woman came by pushing her shopping cart and knocked off the pile of boxes.For some reasons，I decided it was up to me to put the boxes back together，so I went to work.
The manager heard the noise and came pushing over to see what had happened.When he appeared，I was on my knees checking some of the boxes to see if any of the eggs were broken，but to him it looked as though I was the person who was to blame.He scolded me loudly and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.My face turned red and I tried to explain，but it did no good.Even though I quickly forgot the incident，but the manager did not.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了十五年前被商店经理误解的事，十五年后经理向作者道歉。作者告诉我们一个人为自己之前犯下的错而主动道歉是件不容易的事。
24．How old was the author when he wrote this article?
A．About 8 years old.
B．About 18 years old.
C．About 23 years old.
D．About 15 years old.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago.”和第三段第一句中“I was about eight years old at that time...”可知，当时作者八岁，这件事发生在十五年前，因此推知作者现在二十三岁，即当作者写这篇文章的时候二十三岁，故选C。
25．Who was to blame for knocking off the pile of boxes?
A．The author. B．The manager.
C．A woman. D．The author’s mother.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Just then a woman came by pushing her shopping cart and knocked off the pile of boxes.”可知，撞倒箱子的是一位妇女，故选C。
26．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The woman who knocked off the pile of boxes was seriously scolded by the manager.
B．The author was loudly scolded by the manager.
C．A woman carelessly knocked off the pile of boxes.
D．It was the author who tried to put the boxes back together.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“He scolded me loudly and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.”可知，经理严厉指责了作者而不是撞倒箱子的妇女，所以选项A的表述是错误的，故选A。
27．The tone of the article expresses the author’s .
A．admiration for the manager’s willingness to admit mistakes
B．anger to the manager for his wrong doing
C．dissatisfaction with the woman who knocked off the pile of boxes
D．regret for the mistake he made in the store
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。作者在文章开头先提出“One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes.(愿意承认自己的错误是让大多数人欣赏的品质之一)”，然后叙述了自己的一段经历来阐述这个观点，所以这篇文章表达了作者对经理承认自己错误的欣赏，故选A。
C
(2019·江西南昌八一中学高一期末)
Stayathome kids are named “generation nini” in Spain.They are those adults who still live at home and are neither working nor studying.But the problem is not limited to Spain.It is a worldwide problem.
In Italy，they are known as “bamboccioni” or big babies.There are nearly 60 percent of 18 34yearold adults still living in their parents’ home，up from almost 50 percent since 1983.Once kept there by the love for their mama’s homecooked food，the economic crisis has seen a rise in adults left unable to hold down a steady job or afford a home of their own.Last year，an Italian government minister admitted that his mother washed his clothes and made the bed for him until he was 30.He demanded a law forcing young Italians to leave their parents’ home at 18 to stop them becoming hopelessly dependent on their parents.
In the UK，the government has made the term NEETS—not in employment，education or training for these children.In England alone the percent of NEETS aged 1924 surged to 18.8 percent of the age group in the last quarter of 2010，up 1.4 percent on the same period a year before.The number of British men in their 20s living with their parents has risen from 59 percent to 80 percent in the past 15 years，while the number of women has risen from 41 percent to 50 percent.The average age of the firsttime house buyers is now 38.
In the US，the problem is known as the “full nest syndrome(综合症状)”．Adults there are left struggling to support adult children who have stayed at home with student debts and facing few job opportunities in a weak economy.A recent study showed almost a third of American adults aged 34 and under are living with their parents.
语篇解读 几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人“啃老”现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些“啃老族”给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。
28．“Big babies” mentioned in Paragraph 2 refers to those adults who .
A．depend on their parents for a living
B．are not as smart as others
C．lose their jobs in the bad economy
D．are poorly educated
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段开头“In Italy，they are known as ‘bamboccioni’ or big babies.There are nearly 60 percent of 18 34yearold adults still living in their parents’ home”及后面的介绍可知，巨婴指的是依靠父母生活的成年人。故A项正确。
29．The Italian government minister thinks that .
A．parents should make their children feel hopeless
B．parents should never make the bed for their children
C．young people should live on their own after 18
D．it is OK for adult children to live with their parents
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He demanded a law forcing young Italians to leave their parents’ home at 18 to stop them becoming hopelessly dependent on their parents.”可知，意大利政府部长要求通过一项法律，强迫意大利青年在18岁时离开父母的家，防止他们无可救药地依赖父母。故C项正确。
30．The underlined word “surged” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “ ”．
A．moved B．reduced
C．recovered D．jumped
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“to 18.8 percent of the age group in the last quarter of 2010，up 1.4 percent on the same period a year before”可知，仅在英格兰，19到24岁的“啃老族”比例在2010年第四季度就飙升至18.8%，同比增长了1.4%，由此可知，画线词词义为“突升”。故D项正确。
31．What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．America has the most adult children compared with other countries.
B．American parents are happy to live with their children.
C．Some American adult children are causing trouble for their parents.
D．It is a tradition for adult children to live with their parents in America.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句可知，美国的老年人挣扎着养活那些背负着学生债务且待在家里、在经济低迷时期几乎没有工作机会的成年子女，即一些美国的“啃老族”给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。故C项正确。
D
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili(辣椒) in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.Plenty of research has been done on the subject，dating as far back as the 1970s.Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences，and cultural influences affect our taste buds too.But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else，CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat.But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers，” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University，who led the study.
But before you look at the study，you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste，unlike sour，sweet，bitter and salty.It is，in fact，a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill，something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study,97 participants，both male and female，were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality，for example，whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks.They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin，the plant chemical that makes a chili burn，mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water，researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly，we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it.However，this latest study has found otherwise.“It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly，it’s that you actually learn to like the burn，” Hayes explained.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项对人们喜欢热辣食物的研究，研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟人的性格有关。
32．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A．Dislike. B．Fear.
C．Put up with. D．Adapt to.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.”可知，while意为“而”，表示对比，故loathe应该与love相对。故选A(不喜欢)。
33．What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A．What we eat actually helps to develop our personalities.
B．Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C．Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D．People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和倒数第二段中的“those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.”可知，研究发现那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能更喜欢辣味的食物。故选C。
34．Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A．Because their taste buds have become less sensitive.
B．Because they love the burning sensation.
C．Because they want to challenge themselves.
D．Because the more they try spicy food，the less it burns.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，人们喜欢吃辣味的食物是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉。故选B。
35．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．What he or she likes to eat mainly decides on his or her personality.
B．That a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on the personality.
C．His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality.
D．His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文说的是一项研究结果：人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟人的性格有关。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every one complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world you still complain sometimes.Sometimes you complain：without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful. 36 Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts：
37
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive aspect in the situation.
Make a list of things we are grateful for.
We often complain about the things we don’t have without noticing those things we already have.Be grateful for what we have in our life because we are lucky simply for being ourselves. 38
Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things we can’t change. 39 Always find the positive side of each situation regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents’ and friends’ support，we can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself to vent(发泄) your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignored negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time，don’t be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family members or see a therapist.
Find what makes you happy.
40 Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choose happiness，focus on the positive sides and be kind always!
A．Change the way you think.
B．Make friends with positive people.
C．Sometimes this list can be easy full of hobbies you enjoy.
D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job?
E．The best and only thing we can do is to accept them.
F．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?
G．Set down things we are thankful for and we’ll see that we don’t have any reason to complain.
语篇解读 人人都会抱怨。即使你说你是世界上最幸福的人，你有时也会抱怨。本文提供了一些如何停止抱怨、放弃消极想法的建议。
36．答案 F
解析 根据空格前“but rarely is it ever helpful.(但是抱怨很少有用)”以及后面的“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts”可知，过渡句应该是如何设法使自己停止抱怨。故选F。
37．答案 A
解析 根据下文的“When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.”可知，当你有消极想法时，强迫自己说积极的话语。这是一种思维的改变，故A项与此处吻合。
38．答案 G
解析 小标题指出“Make a list of things we are grateful for.(列举出我们感激的事情)”，G项提到写下我们感激的事情，然后我们就会明白自己没有什么理由抱怨了。承接上文，故选G项。
39．答案 E
解析 根据空格前的“There are many things we can’t change.(有很多事情我们不能改变)”可知，既然不能改变，就接受它。与E项(我们能做的唯一也是最好的事情就是去接受它们)吻合。
40．答案 D
解析 根据空格后的“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.(也许是时候作出艰难的决定换工作或职业了)”可知，在你总是抱怨工作时，要考虑换份工作。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
John entered a college and often worked late until 12 at night.He fell into the 41 of smoking a year ago.He smoked so much that he 42 had a cigarette on his lips.He 43 while he read，while he watched television and even while he drank a cup of coffee or tea.He smoked nearly forty cigarettes a day，but he was 44 about it.
John’s friend，Frank， 45 many times to 46 him not to smoke.“Smoking is bad for your health！” he said.“You’d better give it up.” But his advice didn’t 47 .
Before long，John 48 that he often got a bad cough， 49 he went to see a doctor.The doctor 50 him carefully and asked whether he often smoked.John told him the truth.Then the doctor told him that his cough was 51 by smoking and he wouldn’t get any better unless he stopped smoking.
“If not，” said the doctor，“you will never 52 from your cough and some other illnesses may also be caused.” John became 53 and made up his mind to give up smoking.At the beginning，it was very hard for him.Every 54 he wanted to smoke，he got something to eat.At last，he was not interested in smoking at all.And he no longer had 55 .
41．A.stage B．habit
C．interest D．opinion
答案 B
解析 fall into the habit of为固定短语，意为“染上……的习惯”。stage时期；opinion意见。
42．A.still B．sometimes
C．never D．always
答案 D
解析 由上文中的so much可知，此处应为“嘴里总是叼着烟”。always总是，符合语境。
43．A.stopped B．smoked
C．burst D．played
答案 B
解析 根据上文，此处应是描写约翰一连串的吸烟场景。stop停止；burst爆裂；play表演。
44．A.happy B．angry
C．mean D．active
答案 A
解析 由前一个分句内容和转折连词but可推断出这里表示他很开心。happy高兴的，符合语境。mean吝啬的；active活跃的。
45．A.forgot B．explained
C．left D．tried
答案 D
解析 由上下文可知，此处表示弗兰克多次尝试劝朋友戒烟。
46．A.advise B．beg
C．command D．call
答案 A
解析 根据下句直接引语的内容可知，此处应是“建议”约翰戒烟。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；beg sb.to do sth.恳求某人做某事；command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。
47．A.continue B．work
C．return D．answer
答案 B
解析 由But可知，弗兰克的建议并没起作用。work在此意为“起作用”。continue继续；return归还；answer回答。
48．A.recognized B．understood
C．found D．showed
答案 C
解析 根据下文约翰去看医生可知，此处表示不久约翰“发现”自己咳嗽得厉害。find发现，符合语境。recognize认出；understand理解；show展示。
49．A.but B．so
C．though D．or
答案 B
解析 前后两个分句为因果关系，由于约翰咳嗽得很厉害，因此他去看了医生。so因此，符合语境。
50．A.saw B．judged
C．watched D．examined
答案 D
解析 医生详细地给他做了“检查”并询问他是否经常抽烟。see看；judge判断；watch观察；examine检查。
51．A.followed B．rewarded
C．caused D．educated
答案 C
解析 be caused by意为“由……引起”。follow跟随；reward酬谢；educate教育。
52．A.attack B．recover
C．escape D．suffer
答案 B
解析 医生诊断出病因后，建议约翰戒烟，此处强调说如果不戒烟，他将不会“康复”。recover康复，符合语境。
53．A.generous B．selfish
C．hopeful D．worried
答案 D
解析 听了医生的话，约翰开始“担心”起来。worried担忧的，符合语境。generous慷慨的；selfish自私的；hopeful有希望的。
54．A.day B．time
C．way D．second
答案 B
解析 根据上下文，此处应是“每次”约翰想吸烟的时候。
55．A.troubles B．pains
C．coughs D．cigarettes
答案 C
解析 由于不吸烟了，所以也不“咳嗽”了，对应上文约翰去看医生的事。trouble麻烦；pain痛苦；cigarette香烟。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·河南信阳高中高一期末)
Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii.I hate to go to the beaches on 56. (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags 57. (lie) on the sand，cigarette butts(烟头)58. (bury) in the sand，and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is 59. I see tourists who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches.I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 60. it should stay at—the trash can.Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 61. pretend that it’s not there.
The dogs or the fish are not to blame for it.It’s our fault and we must blame 62.
(we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 63. (solve) this problem.It can’t be difficult to do the job.There are a lot of things that we can do.First of all，we can help pick up rubbish along 64. beaches.We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches.More importantly，we need to start now before the beaches 65. (damage) beyond repair.
语篇解读 本文介绍了夏威夷海滩严重的污染问题。号召大家从现在开始着手解决那里的污染问题。
56．答案 sunny
解析 考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为sunny。
57．答案 lying
解析 考查现在分词作后置定语。此处bags和lie之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为lying。
58．答案 buried
解析 考查过去分词作后置定语。此处cigarette butts和bury之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故答案为buried。
59．答案 that
解析 考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句，且从句中不缺主语和宾语，故用that引导。
60．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。此处place是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作介词at的宾语，故答案为that/which。
61．答案 but
解析 考查并列连词。此处表示转折关系，故答案为but。
62．答案 ourselves
解析 考查反身代词。此处是反身代词作宾语，故答案为ourselves。
63．答案 to solve
解析 考查动词不定式。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to solve。
64．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。此处指上文讲过的beaches，故答案为the。
65．答案 are damaged
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。从句的主语beaches是复数形式，和谓语动词damage之间是被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态，故答案为are damaged。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，打算今年暑假去美国旅游。请你给Travel America国际旅行社写一封电子邮件进行咨询，内容如下：
1．根据自己的计划，请其推荐合适的旅游路线(travel route)；
2．请其告知相关的旅游费用。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m planning to travel to the USA in the coming July.Therefore，I’m writing to inquire about travel routes of your agency.
I intend to stay in America for about 10 days，during which I hope to have a look at some unique natural scenery and have a taste of local customs.So，could you please recommend some suitable travel routes? In addition，I’d like to know the prices of the routes，covering all the travelling expenses.
I’m looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When a tornado(龙卷风) touched down in a small town nearby，many families were left completely ruined.One Sunday，a particular picture especially touched me.A young woman stood in front of an entirely ruined home.A young boy，seven or eight years old，stood at her side，eyes downcast.Clutching(紧握) at her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera，eyes wide with confusion and fear.The article that went with the picture gave the clothing sizes of each family member.With growing interest，I noticed that their sizes closely matched ours.This would be a good opportunity to teach my children to help those less fortunate(幸运的) than themselves.I taped the picture of the young family to our refrigerator，explaining their difficulty to my sevenyearold twins，Brad and Brett，and to threeyearold Meghan.
“These poor people now have nothing，” I said.“We’ll share what we have with them.”
I brought three large boxes and placed them on the living room floor，encouraging the boys to go through their toys and donate(捐赠) some of their less favorite things.Meghan watched seriously，as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods that they no longer needed.
Meghan walked up with Lucy，her muchloved doll，hugged tightly to her chest.She stopped in front of the box，gave her doll a final kiss，then laid her gently on top of the other toys.
“Oh，Honey，” I said.“You don’t have to give Lucy.You love her so much.”
Meghan nodded seriously，“Lucy makes me happy，Mommy.Maybe she’ll make that other little girl happy，too.”
Paragraph 1：
The boys had watched，openmouthed，when their sister
Paragraph 2：
I looked my children for a long moment.
参考范文
The boys had watched，openmouthed，when their sister placed her favorite doll in the box.Without a word，the boys rose and went to their rooms and came back carrying their favorite toys to the living room.Astonished，I realized that the boys had also recognized what little Meghan’s action meant.I think all of them want to make these poor people who have nothing happy like them.Swallowing back tears，I pulled all three of them into my arms.
I looked my children for a long moment.I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes，too.I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had found on sale last week.I hoped the young woman in the picture would love it as much as I did.What Meghan did taught me a lesson that the true spirit of donating is to give with your heart.
单元检测卷(六)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where does the conversation take place probably?
A．At home.
B．In a shop.
C．In a swimming pool.
2．On which days doesn’t the man’s son work?
A．Monday，Wednesday and Friday.
B．Tuesday，Thursday and Sunday.
C．Monday，Friday and Saturday.
3．Who is going after Jack?
A．Mr Green.
B．Mrs Green.
C．His brother.
4．What does the man mean?
A．The car doesn’t need cleaning.
B．He cleaned the car last time.
C．Mark should clean the car this time.
5．When should the delivery be made to the man?
A．On Sunday.
B．On Saturday.
C．On Thursday.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What did the IOC President announce?
A．The winner to host the 34th Winter Olympic Games.
B．The winner to host the 24th Winter Olympic Games.
C．The winner to host the 44th Winter Olympic Games.
7．How many more nods did Beijing get than its rival—Almaty?
A．Forty. B．Fortyfour. C．Four.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．How long does the woman need the car?
A．For three weeks.
B．For thirteen days.
C．For three days.
9．Which car does the woman choose at last?
A．The silver one.
B．The black one.
C．The red one.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．What does the woman want?
A．An overcoat.
B．A jacket.
C．A skirt.
11．Who promised to solve the problem for the woman?
A．The tailor.
B．The manager.
C．The tailor’s assistant.
12．When will the speakers go to the tailor’s?
A．Next Saturday morning.
B．Next Saturday afternoon.
C．Next Sunday morning.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．What are the speakers doing?
A．Saying goodbye to each other.
B．Waiting for a flight.
C．Exchanging their pictures.
14．What do we know about Jane?
A．She is studying at Cambridge University.
B．She will graduate next July.
C．She is twentyone years old.
15．Who is the woman’s daughter?
A．Jane. B．Beth. C．Tina.
16．What can we learn from the conversation?
A．The man has been traveling for a month.
B．The man’s son is a college teacher.
C．The woman likes playing the piano.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What do restaurants in America seldom accept?
A．Cash.
B．Checks.
C．Credit cards.
18．What do we know about popular restaurants?
A．They have many reservations every day.
B．They serve alcohol to guests under 20.
C．They accept reservations for large parties.
19．How much should you tip for superior service in a restaurant?
A．15% of the total bill.
B．20% of the total bill.
C．25% of the total bill.
20．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Americans smoke less than Europeans.
B．Asians smoke less than Europeans.
C．The legal smoking age in America is 21.
答案 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.C 9．A 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.A 17．B 18.C 19.B 20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：May I help you?
W：Yes，I would like to buy a swimming suit for my older sister as a birthday present.
Text 2
W：I hear your son is working parttime at the supermarket.
M：Yes，he works on Monday，Wednesday and Friday from 4∶00 p．m.to 7∶00 p．m.and all day on Saturday.
Text 3
M：Wait a minute.I recognize the man who’s following Jack.It’s Mr.Green.
W：Now I remember.Mr.Green told me yesterday his brother was coming.
Text 4
W：The car hasn’t been cleaned for a few days.
M：No，it hasn’t.
W：It’s very dirty.Someone ought to clean it today.
M：It’s Mark’s turn.
Text 5
M：Can you deliver this，please?
W：It depends on where you live，sir.
M：In Camden Town.
W：Yes，we deliver there.But it will cost two pounds fifty.
M：All right.But I’m only in on Saturday.
Text 6
W：Good news!
M：What’s it?
W：The IOC President Thomas Bach announced the winner just now.
M：What winner?
W：Silly bookworm！Beijing has got the right to host the twentyfourth Winter Olympic Games in 2022.
M：That’s really good news！Tell me something further，please.
W：Beijing and its cobidder Zhangjiakou won 44 nods against Almaty’s 40 in the voting，becoming the first city to host both summer and winter Olympics.
M：Wonderful！I’ll do something for the Winter Olympic Games from now on.
Text 7
M：Hello，can I help you?
W：I’d like to rent a Toyata Corolla.
M：All right.How long will you need it?
W：For three days.
M：Have you ever rented a car before?
W：No，I haven’t.Can I choose the color of the car?
M：Sure.We have Toyata Corollas in black，red and silver.
W：I don’t like black or red.
M：Then you can have the other one！Please show me your ID card and I will copy it.
W：OK.Anything else?
M：Sign your name on the application form，and here are the keys to the car.
W：Thanks！What time do I have to bring it back?
M：It needs to come back by noon of the third day.
W：All right.Thanks!
M：Drive safely.
Text 8
W：Can you recommend a good tailor?
M：Yes，why?
W：I want a new overcoat for the winter.
M：Oh，how about the tailor near my school?
W：I don’t think that one is very good.I had a dress made there，but it pulled open under the arms a few days later.
M：Why didn’t you go back and reason with the tailor?
W：I did，but he refused to do anything about it and quarreled with me.In the end，I had to talk to the manager.
M：What did he say?
W：He said he would see what he could do.
M：Well，that’s good.
W：But I don’t want to have the same kind of trouble.Do you know any other tailors in town?
M：Well，there’s one next to the 6th Department Store.He’s said to be very good.
W：Could you take me there someday?
M：Certainly.How about next Sunday morning?
W：OK.That’s very kind of you.
Text 9
W：Oh，what terrible weather！The plane must be delayed.
M：I know.I can’t wait to get home.I’ve been traveling on business for a month.I really miss my family.
W：A month is a long time to be away.Well，do you have any children?
M：I have two，a boy and a girl.Would you like to see a picture of them?
W：Sure...Oh，how nice！Now，who’s this?
M：This is Jane，my beautiful daughter.She’s twentyfour.
W：Is she married?
M：No.She is studying engineering at Cambridge University.She will graduate this June.And she has gotten a position with IBM.
W：What an excellent girl!
M：So she is！And this is my son，James.
W：How old is he?
M：He is twentyone.He’s in college now.That’s my wife，Beth，a college teacher.
W：Wow，you certainly have a lovely family!
M：Thank you.So，tell me about your family.
W：My husband and I have a daughter，Tina.She is a lovely girl and she likes playing the piano.But I don’t have a photo with me.
M：Well，it seems that you miss your daughter very much.
W：Yes.I haven’t seen her for nearly two weeks.
Text 10
If you visit America，you should be aware of some of the American customs and habits.All restaurants in America accept cash for payment，and most also accept credit cards.You will seldom find a restaurant that accepts checks.It is common to have to wait for a table in a popular restaurant.
There are many popular restaurants that do not accept reservations，or will only accept reservations for large parties，for example，six or more people.Many restaurants in America have a license to serve alcohol.The drinking age in America is 21.
Tipping is another common custom.American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill.Therefore，it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server.The common practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service，and about 20% for superior service.Smoking in America is not always considered to be a good social habit.Smoking in public is not as common in America as in many other countries.Generally，Americans smoke less than Europeans and much less than Asians.It is a fact that smoking is becoming less and less socially acceptable.Smoking is forbidden in many places.The legal smoking age in America is 18.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2019·黑龙江哈尔滨三中高一期末)
If you are dreaming of visiting one of those pictureperfect European towns filled with oldworld attractiveness and scenic beauty，here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.
Manarola
Manarola，Italy，is filled with rainbowcolored homes along the Mediterranean coast.This attractive fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine，and the paintings.There are no cars here，no traffic lights，or traffic noise.You can drive to Manarola，but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.
GarmischPartenkirchen
GarmischPartenkirchen，Germany，is an attractive mountain town，once two separate towns，one Roman and the other Teutonic.The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one，though the two sides still have different characters.The town dates back to 15 AD，filled with narrow streets lined with historic three or fourstory buildings painted with religious scenes.
Marsaxlokk
The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk，Malta，was built in 900 BC.Today，this picturelike town is the main supplier of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea.It has no modern buildings to ruin its attractiveness.With such quiet surroundings，including the traditional fishing boats，it is a particularly charming place to visit.
Port Magee
In a country filled with beautiful towns，Port Magee，is a standout，sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland.This seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history.At The Bridge Bar，you will find live music many nights of the week along with nice food and a fine glass of beer.
21．In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car?
A．Manarola.
B．GarmischPartenkirchen.
C．Marsaxlokk.
D．Port Magee.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由Manarola中最后一句“You can drive to Manarola，but you will have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.”可知，你可以开车到Manarola，但必须把车停在这个镇的外面，然后乘公共汽车或者走着进去。故A项正确。
22．Manarola and Port Magee are perfect choices for tourists who .
A．prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town
B．want to stay on a Mediterranean island
C．have special interest in traditional fishing boats
D．need to be refreshed in a mountain town
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由Manarola中的“This attractive fishing town...”和Port Magee中的“This seaside fishing town...”可知，对于喜欢在一个古老的沿海渔村游玩的游客来说，Manarola和Port Magee是完美的选择。故A项正确。
23．Which statement about GarmischPartenkirchen is TRUE?
A．GarmischPartenkirchen is a Roman town.
B．The 1936 Winter Olympics gave birth to the town.
C．There are many wide streets painted with religious scenes.
D．The two sides of it now have similar characters.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由GarmischPartenkirchen中第二句“The 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to become one，though the two sides still have different characters.”可知，是1936年冬季奥运会迫使它们联合为一个整体。所以1936年的冬季奥运会促成了这个镇子的诞生。故B项正确。
B
One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes.It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that，” and it is even harder to say，“I was wrong，and you were right about that.”
I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago.He told me he had been the manager of a certain store in the neighborhood where I grew up，and he asked me if I remembered the egg boxes.Then he talked of an incident and I began to remember it.
I was about eight years old at that time，and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly shopping.On that special day，I must have found my way to the food department where the incident took place.
There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was a big show of eggs in dozen and halfdozen boxes.The boxes were put three or four feet high.I must have stopped in front of them to admire the show.Just then a woman came by pushing her shopping cart and knocked off the pile of boxes.For some reasons，I decided it was up to me to put the boxes back together，so I went to work.
The manager heard the noise and came pushing over to see what had happened.When he appeared，I was on my knees checking some of the boxes to see if any of the eggs were broken，but to him it looked as though I was the person who was to blame.He scolded me loudly and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.My face turned red and I tried to explain，but it did no good.Even though I quickly forgot the incident，but the manager did not.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了十五年前被商店经理误解的事，十五年后经理向作者道歉。作者告诉我们一个人为自己之前犯下的错而主动道歉是件不容易的事。
24．How old was the author when he wrote this article?
A．About 8 years old.
B．About 18 years old.
C．About 23 years old.
D．About 15 years old.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago.”和第三段第一句中“I was about eight years old at that time...”可知，当时作者八岁，这件事发生在十五年前，因此推知作者现在二十三岁，即当作者写这篇文章的时候二十三岁，故选C。
25．Who was to blame for knocking off the pile of boxes?
A．The author. B．The manager.
C．A woman. D．The author’s mother.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Just then a woman came by pushing her shopping cart and knocked off the pile of boxes.”可知，撞倒箱子的是一位妇女，故选C。
26．Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The woman who knocked off the pile of boxes was seriously scolded by the manager.
B．The author was loudly scolded by the manager.
C．A woman carelessly knocked off the pile of boxes.
D．It was the author who tried to put the boxes back together.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“He scolded me loudly and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.”可知，经理严厉指责了作者而不是撞倒箱子的妇女，所以选项A的表述是错误的，故选A。
27．The tone of the article expresses the author’s .
A．admiration for the manager’s willingness to admit mistakes
B．anger to the manager for his wrong doing
C．dissatisfaction with the woman who knocked off the pile of boxes
D．regret for the mistake he made in the store
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。作者在文章开头先提出“One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one’s mistakes.(愿意承认自己的错误是让大多数人欣赏的品质之一)”，然后叙述了自己的一段经历来阐述这个观点，所以这篇文章表达了作者对经理承认自己错误的欣赏，故选A。
C
(2019·江西南昌八一中学高一期末)
Stayathome kids are named “generation nini” in Spain.They are those adults who still live at home and are neither working nor studying.But the problem is not limited to Spain.It is a worldwide problem.
In Italy，they are known as “bamboccioni” or big babies.There are nearly 60 percent of 18 34yearold adults still living in their parents’ home，up from almost 50 percent since 1983.Once kept there by the love for their mama’s homecooked food，the economic crisis has seen a rise in adults left unable to hold down a steady job or afford a home of their own.Last year，an Italian government minister admitted that his mother washed his clothes and made the bed for him until he was 30.He demanded a law forcing young Italians to leave their parents’ home at 18 to stop them becoming hopelessly dependent on their parents.
In the UK，the government has made the term NEETS—not in employment，education or training for these children.In England alone the percent of NEETS aged 1924 surged to 18.8 percent of the age group in the last quarter of 2010，up 1.4 percent on the same period a year before.The number of British men in their 20s living with their parents has risen from 59 percent to 80 percent in the past 15 years，while the number of women has risen from 41 percent to 50 percent.The average age of the firsttime house buyers is now 38.
In the US，the problem is known as the “full nest syndrome(综合症状)”．Adults there are left struggling to support adult children who have stayed at home with student debts and facing few job opportunities in a weak economy.A recent study showed almost a third of American adults aged 34 and under are living with their parents.
语篇解读 几个欧洲国家和美国的年轻人“啃老”现象十分严重，很多成年人仍住在父母家里，不可救药地依赖父母，这些“啃老族”给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。
28．“Big babies” mentioned in Paragraph 2 refers to those adults who .
A．depend on their parents for a living
B．are not as smart as others
C．lose their jobs in the bad economy
D．are poorly educated
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段开头“In Italy，they are known as ‘bamboccioni’ or big babies.There are nearly 60 percent of 18 34yearold adults still living in their parents’ home”及后面的介绍可知，巨婴指的是依靠父母生活的成年人。故A项正确。
29．The Italian government minister thinks that .
A．parents should make their children feel hopeless
B．parents should never make the bed for their children
C．young people should live on their own after 18
D．it is OK for adult children to live with their parents
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“He demanded a law forcing young Italians to leave their parents’ home at 18 to stop them becoming hopelessly dependent on their parents.”可知，意大利政府部长要求通过一项法律，强迫意大利青年在18岁时离开父母的家，防止他们无可救药地依赖父母。故C项正确。
30．The underlined word “surged” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “ ”．
A．moved B．reduced
C．recovered D．jumped
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“to 18.8 percent of the age group in the last quarter of 2010，up 1.4 percent on the same period a year before”可知，仅在英格兰，19到24岁的“啃老族”比例在2010年第四季度就飙升至18.8%，同比增长了1.4%，由此可知，画线词词义为“突升”。故D项正确。
31．What does the last paragraph tell us?
A．America has the most adult children compared with other countries.
B．American parents are happy to live with their children.
C．Some American adult children are causing trouble for their parents.
D．It is a tradition for adult children to live with their parents in America.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段第二句可知，美国的老年人挣扎着养活那些背负着学生债务且待在家里、在经济低迷时期几乎没有工作机会的成年子女，即一些美国的“啃老族”给父母带来了巨大的麻烦。故C项正确。
D
What’s your opinion on spicy food? Some people cannot handle even the smallest amount of chili(辣椒) in their dinner while others can’t get enough of it.
Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.Plenty of research has been done on the subject，dating as far back as the 1970s.Previous results showed that a love of chili is related to childhood experiences，and cultural influences affect our taste buds too.But the latest study has found that a person’s love of spicy food may be linked to his or her personality more than anything else，CBC News reported.
“We have always assumed that liking drives intake—we eat what we like and we like what we eat.But no one has actually directly bothered to connect these personality traits with intake of chili peppers，” said Professor John Hayes from Pennsylvania State University，who led the study.
But before you look at the study，you should first know that “spicy” is not a taste，unlike sour，sweet，bitter and salty.It is，in fact，a burning sensation that you feel on the surface of your tongue. This got scientists thinking that maybe a love of spicy food is brought about by people’s longing for thrill，something they usually get from watching action movies or riding a roller coaster.
In the study,97 participants，both male and female，were asked to fill out questionnaires about certain traits of their personality，for example，whether they like new experiences or tend to avoid risks.They were then given a glass of water with capsaicin，the plant chemical that makes a chili burn，mixed into it.
By comparing the answers to the questionnaire and what participants said they felt about the spicy water，researchers found that those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.
Interestingly，we used to believe that the reason some people can withstand spicy food is that their tongues have become less sensitive to it.However，this latest study has found otherwise.“It’s not that it doesn’t burn as badly，it’s that you actually learn to like the burn，” Hayes explained.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一项对人们喜欢热辣食物的研究，研究表明，人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟人的性格有关。
32．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “loathe” in the second paragraph?
A．Dislike. B．Fear.
C．Put up with. D．Adapt to.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Scientists have long been puzzled by why some people love chili while others loathe it.”可知，while意为“而”，表示对比，故loathe应该与love相对。故选A(不喜欢)。
33．What did Professor John Hayes and his team discover from their study?
A．What we eat actually helps to develop our personalities.
B．Males are more likely to enjoy spicy food than females.
C．Those trying to avoid risks tend to be less interested in spicy food.
D．People are wrong to treat spicy as a kind of taste rather than a feeling.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句和倒数第二段中的“those who tended to enjoy action movies or take risks were about six times more likely to enjoy the spicy water.”可知，研究发现那些倾向于看动作片和冒险的人可能更喜欢辣味的食物。故选C。
34．Why do some people like spicy food according to the recent study?
A．Because their taste buds have become less sensitive.
B．Because they love the burning sensation.
C．Because they want to challenge themselves.
D．Because the more they try spicy food，the less it burns.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，人们喜欢吃辣味的食物是因为人们喜欢燃烧的感觉。故选B。
35．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．What he or she likes to eat mainly decides on his or her personality.
B．That a person enjoys spicy food depends largely on the personality.
C．His or her childhood experiences decide on his or her personality.
D．His or her cultural background decides on his or her personality.
答案 B
解析 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文说的是一项研究结果：人们喜欢吃辣味的食物跟人的性格有关。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every one complains.Even if you argue that you are the happiest person in the world you still complain sometimes.Sometimes you complain：without even realizing it，but rarely is it ever helpful. 36 Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts：
37
When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change you when you complain and help you to see the positive aspect in the situation.
Make a list of things we are grateful for.
We often complain about the things we don’t have without noticing those things we already have.Be grateful for what we have in our life because we are lucky simply for being ourselves. 38
Learn to adapt to the changes.
There are many things we can’t change. 39 Always find the positive side of each situation regardless of however difficult the situation is.With parents’ and friends’ support，we can survive any life changes.
Allow yourself to vent(发泄) your feelings every once in a while.
Constantly ignored negative thoughts could add up.If you are really going through a rough time，don’t be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family members or see a therapist.
Find what makes you happy.
40 Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are about and see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choose happiness，focus on the positive sides and be kind always!
A．Change the way you think.
B．Make friends with positive people.
C．Sometimes this list can be easy full of hobbies you enjoy.
D．Are you constantly complaining about your present job?
E．The best and only thing we can do is to accept them.
F．So how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?
G．Set down things we are thankful for and we’ll see that we don’t have any reason to complain.
语篇解读 人人都会抱怨。即使你说你是世界上最幸福的人，你有时也会抱怨。本文提供了一些如何停止抱怨、放弃消极想法的建议。
36．答案 F
解析 根据空格前“but rarely is it ever helpful.(但是抱怨很少有用)”以及后面的“Here are some tips to stop complaining and give up the negative thoughts”可知，过渡句应该是如何设法使自己停止抱怨。故选F。
37．答案 A
解析 根据下文的“When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative comment about something or someone，stop and force yourself to say something positive instead.”可知，当你有消极想法时，强迫自己说积极的话语。这是一种思维的改变，故A项与此处吻合。
38．答案 G
解析 小标题指出“Make a list of things we are grateful for.(列举出我们感激的事情)”，G项提到写下我们感激的事情，然后我们就会明白自己没有什么理由抱怨了。承接上文，故选G项。
39．答案 E
解析 根据空格前的“There are many things we can’t change.(有很多事情我们不能改变)”可知，既然不能改变，就接受它。与E项(我们能做的唯一也是最好的事情就是去接受它们)吻合。
40．答案 D
解析 根据空格后的“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on to another job or career.(也许是时候作出艰难的决定换工作或职业了)”可知，在你总是抱怨工作时，要考虑换份工作。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
John entered a college and often worked late until 12 at night.He fell into the 41 of smoking a year ago.He smoked so much that he 42 had a cigarette on his lips.He 43 while he read，while he watched television and even while he drank a cup of coffee or tea.He smoked nearly forty cigarettes a day，but he was 44 about it.
John’s friend，Frank， 45 many times to 46 him not to smoke.“Smoking is bad for your health！” he said.“You’d better give it up.” But his advice didn’t 47 .
Before long，John 48 that he often got a bad cough， 49 he went to see a doctor.The doctor 50 him carefully and asked whether he often smoked.John told him the truth.Then the doctor told him that his cough was 51 by smoking and he wouldn’t get any better unless he stopped smoking.
“If not，” said the doctor，“you will never 52 from your cough and some other illnesses may also be caused.” John became 53 and made up his mind to give up smoking.At the beginning，it was very hard for him.Every 54 he wanted to smoke，he got something to eat.At last，he was not interested in smoking at all.And he no longer had 55 .
41．A.stage B．habit
C．interest D．opinion
答案 B
解析 fall into the habit of为固定短语，意为“染上……的习惯”。stage时期；opinion意见。
42．A.still B．sometimes
C．never D．always
答案 D
解析 由上文中的so much可知，此处应为“嘴里总是叼着烟”。always总是，符合语境。
43．A.stopped B．smoked
C．burst D．played
答案 B
解析 根据上文，此处应是描写约翰一连串的吸烟场景。stop停止；burst爆裂；play表演。
44．A.happy B．angry
C．mean D．active
答案 A
解析 由前一个分句内容和转折连词but可推断出这里表示他很开心。happy高兴的，符合语境。mean吝啬的；active活跃的。
45．A.forgot B．explained
C．left D．tried
答案 D
解析 由上下文可知，此处表示弗兰克多次尝试劝朋友戒烟。
46．A.advise B．beg
C．command D．call
答案 A
解析 根据下句直接引语的内容可知，此处应是“建议”约翰戒烟。advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事；beg sb.to do sth.恳求某人做某事；command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事。
47．A.continue B．work
C．return D．answer
答案 B
解析 由But可知，弗兰克的建议并没起作用。work在此意为“起作用”。continue继续；return归还；answer回答。
48．A.recognized B．understood
C．found D．showed
答案 C
解析 根据下文约翰去看医生可知，此处表示不久约翰“发现”自己咳嗽得厉害。find发现，符合语境。recognize认出；understand理解；show展示。
49．A.but B．so
C．though D．or
答案 B
解析 前后两个分句为因果关系，由于约翰咳嗽得很厉害，因此他去看了医生。so因此，符合语境。
50．A.saw B．judged
C．watched D．examined
答案 D
解析 医生详细地给他做了“检查”并询问他是否经常抽烟。see看；judge判断；watch观察；examine检查。
51．A.followed B．rewarded
C．caused D．educated
答案 C
解析 be caused by意为“由……引起”。follow跟随；reward酬谢；educate教育。
52．A.attack B．recover
C．escape D．suffer
答案 B
解析 医生诊断出病因后，建议约翰戒烟，此处强调说如果不戒烟，他将不会“康复”。recover康复，符合语境。
53．A.generous B．selfish
C．hopeful D．worried
答案 D
解析 听了医生的话，约翰开始“担心”起来。worried担忧的，符合语境。generous慷慨的；selfish自私的；hopeful有希望的。
54．A.day B．time
C．way D．second
答案 B
解析 根据上下文，此处应是“每次”约翰想吸烟的时候。
55．A.troubles B．pains
C．coughs D．cigarettes
答案 C
解析 由于不吸烟了，所以也不“咳嗽”了，对应上文约翰去看医生的事。trouble麻烦；pain痛苦；cigarette香烟。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2019·河南信阳高中高一期末)
Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii.I hate to go to the beaches on 56. (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags 57. (lie) on the sand，cigarette butts(烟头)58. (bury) in the sand，and soda cans floating in the ocean.
One thing that really annoys me is 59. I see tourists who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches.I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 60. it should stay at—the trash can.Another thing that annoys me is that some people walk right by rubbish 61. pretend that it’s not there.
The dogs or the fish are not to blame for it.It’s our fault and we must blame 62.
(we)．Everyone has to do his or her part 63. (solve) this problem.It can’t be difficult to do the job.There are a lot of things that we can do.First of all，we can help pick up rubbish along 64. beaches.We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches.More importantly，we need to start now before the beaches 65. (damage) beyond repair.
语篇解读 本文介绍了夏威夷海滩严重的污染问题。号召大家从现在开始着手解决那里的污染问题。
56．答案 sunny
解析 考查形容词。此处是形容词修饰名词，故答案为sunny。
57．答案 lying
解析 考查现在分词作后置定语。此处bags和lie之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为lying。
58．答案 buried
解析 考查过去分词作后置定语。此处cigarette butts和bury之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故答案为buried。
59．答案 that
解析 考查名词性从句。此处引导表语从句，且从句中不缺主语和宾语，故用that引导。
60．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。此处place是先行词，指物，在后面的定语从句中作介词at的宾语，故答案为that/which。
61．答案 but
解析 考查并列连词。此处表示转折关系，故答案为but。
62．答案 ourselves
解析 考查反身代词。此处是反身代词作宾语，故答案为ourselves。
63．答案 to solve
解析 考查动词不定式。此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to solve。
64．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。此处指上文讲过的beaches，故答案为the。
65．答案 are damaged
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。从句的主语beaches是复数形式，和谓语动词damage之间是被动关系，所以句子用一般现在时的被动语态，故答案为are damaged。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，打算今年暑假去美国旅游。请你给Travel America国际旅行社写一封电子邮件进行咨询，内容如下：
1．根据自己的计划，请其推荐合适的旅游路线(travel route)；
2．请其告知相关的旅游费用。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Sir/Madam，
I’m planning to travel to the USA in the coming July.Therefore，I’m writing to inquire about travel routes of your agency.
I intend to stay in America for about 10 days，during which I hope to have a look at some unique natural scenery and have a taste of local customs.So，could you please recommend some suitable travel routes? In addition，I’d like to know the prices of the routes，covering all the travelling expenses.
I’m looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
When a tornado(龙卷风) touched down in a small town nearby，many families were left completely ruined.One Sunday，a particular picture especially touched me.A young woman stood in front of an entirely ruined home.A young boy，seven or eight years old，stood at her side，eyes downcast.Clutching(紧握) at her skirt was a tiny girl who stared into the camera，eyes wide with confusion and fear.The article that went with the picture gave the clothing sizes of each family member.With growing interest，I noticed that their sizes closely matched ours.This would be a good opportunity to teach my children to help those less fortunate(幸运的) than themselves.I taped the picture of the young family to our refrigerator，explaining their difficulty to my sevenyearold twins，Brad and Brett，and to threeyearold Meghan.
“These poor people now have nothing，” I said.“We’ll share what we have with them.”
I brought three large boxes and placed them on the living room floor，encouraging the boys to go through their toys and donate(捐赠) some of their less favorite things.Meghan watched seriously，as the boys and I filled one of the boxes with canned goods and foods that they no longer needed.
Meghan walked up with Lucy，her muchloved doll，hugged tightly to her chest.She stopped in front of the box，gave her doll a final kiss，then laid her gently on top of the other toys.
“Oh，Honey，” I said.“You don’t have to give Lucy.You love her so much.”
Meghan nodded seriously，“Lucy makes me happy，Mommy.Maybe she’ll make that other little girl happy，too.”
Paragraph 1：
The boys had watched，openmouthed，when their sister
Paragraph 2：
I looked my children for a long moment.
参考范文
The boys had watched，openmouthed，when their sister placed her favorite doll in the box.Without a word，the boys rose and went to their rooms and came back carrying their favorite toys to the living room.Astonished，I realized that the boys had also recognized what little Meghan’s action meant.I think all of them want to make these poor people who have nothing happy like them.Swallowing back tears，I pulled all three of them into my arms.
I looked my children for a long moment.I removed my old jacket from the box of clothes，too.I replaced it with the new hunter green jacket that I had found on sale last week.I hoped the young woman in the picture would love it as much as I did.What Meghan did taught me a lesson that the true spirit of donating is to give with your heart.
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