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英语Unit 4 A glimpse of the future课后练习题
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这是一份英语Unit 4 A glimpse of the future课后练习题，文件包含高中外研版英语新教材选修第3册单元检测卷4docx、高中外研版英语新教材选修第3册4单元检测卷4mp3等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共20页， 欢迎下载使用。
单元检测卷(四)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the man do during the coming holiday?
A．Stay with his grandparents.
B．Stay at home.
C．Do some volunteer work.
2．How does the woman feel?
A．Nervous. B．Excited. C．Grateful.
3．Where does the man like to live most?
A．In New York.
B．In Paris.
C．In Sydney.
4．What was the weather like last night?
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.
5．How much does a ticket cost?
A．$7. B．$24. C．$25.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How did the man get the tickets?
A．His brother gave them to him.
B．He got them by lining up at the ticket office.
C．He called the ticket office and booked them.
7．With whom will the man go to the concert?
A．The woman.
B．His brother.
C．He will go alone.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Why is Sam back home early today?
A．He doesn’t feel very well.
B．Allan will help him with his math.
C．His teachers will have a meeting.
9．What will Sam help his mother do?
A．Do the dishes.
B．Peel the potatoes.
C．Cut the tomatoes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why are there so many ski shows?
A．To promote an extreme sport.
B．To attract more visitors.
C．To arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
11．What is the man’s father?
A．A skier.
B．A scientist.
C．A ski club owner.
12．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Their hobbies.
B．Ski shows.
C．The snowmaking industry.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Of the things in the woman’s bag，which does she need badly?
A．Money.
B．Her visa.
C．Her bank cards.
14．What did the woman do after losing her bag?
A．She phoned the staff in the theatre for help.
B．She went to the police station.
C．She went back to the theatre.
15．What does the man advise the woman to do now?
A．Have breakfast.
B．Ask the police for help.
C．Look for the bag.
16．What will the man do next?
A．Meet his uncle.
B．Put an advertisement in the China Daily.
C．Make a phone call to his uncle.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What color was the rain boot long ago?
A．Dark brown.
B．Light blue.
C．Black or dull green.
18．When did the rain boot become fashionable for the first time?
A．In 1817. B．In 1890. C．In 2004.
19．Which is NOT mentioned about the things the British upper classes take with them?
A．Dogs.
B．Waterproof coats.
C．Sunglasses.
20．How often is that shoe company selling a pair of boots?
A．Every 4 seconds.
B．Every 15 seconds.
C．Every 30 seconds.
答案 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.C
9．A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C
17．C 18.A 19.C 20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：What’s your plan for the coming holiday?
W：I’m going to stay with my grandparents for two weeks and then stay at home.What’s your plan?
M：I’m going to be a volunteer to help disabled people.Would you like to join us?
Text 2
W：You know what? I won the gold medal in the women marathon.
M：Wow，congratulations! How about having a party to celebrate?
Text 3
M：I have been to Sydney，San Francisco，Washington and New York，but I prefer to live in Paris.
W：Of course.You’ve been here for so many years.
Text 4
M：It looks like it’s going to be sunny.I can’t believe there was such a heavy wind last night.
W：Yes.The wind broke several windows.But they say we’re going to get some rain later.
Text 5
M：I want three tickets for the movie.Here is 25 dollars.
W：Here are your three tickets，and here is the change—four dollars.
Text 6
M：Hi，I got them，two tickets to Wang Feng’s concert.
W：You’re kidding! How did you get them?
M：My brother gave them to me.You know，I went out at four in the morning and lined up，but there were already a lot of people there.I couldn’t buy any tickets.However，my brother called and told me he had two extra tickets.
W：You were very lucky.
M：I know you’re a fan of Wang Feng.If you are free tomorrow，would you like to come with me?
W：That would be wonderful! Thank you very much!
Text 7
M：Mom，I’m back.
W：Hi，Sam.You get home from school early today.
M：Yeah，our teachers will have a meeting so we all go home early.
W：Well，now that you are here，you can help me with dinner.I need those potatoes peeled and cut.
M：Mom，give me a break.Allan’s coming over to help me with my math final.
W：Well，in that case，you can do the dishes and clean up after dinner.
M：OK.Can I invite Allan to stay for dinner?
W：Of course.You and Allan have become good friends，haven’t you?
M：Thanks，mom.Of course we are best friends now.
Text 8
W：Hey，look over there.Let’s go and have a look.
M：Sure.It’s probably the ski show.There were many ski clubs putting on shows to attract more visitors.
W：Look at that.It’s so dangerous！My mum would never allow me to do that.
M：It’s an extreme sports show.What else can they do to attract more visitors?
W：You are right.By the way，how did they get so much snow here?
M：Don’t you know?
W：Hey，not everyone is as lucky as you to have a father who is a scientist.
M：Sorry.Well，they have a very advanced snowmaking machine.
W：Do you think the snowmaking can cause pollution?
M：It’s possible.But the boss here says they are doing whatever they can to prevent pollution.
W：That’s good.
Text 9
M：You look a bit worried today.Is there anything wrong?
W：Well，yes，there is something wrong，actually.Perhaps you can give me some advice.
M：Of course，if I can.
W：Well，last night when I returned from the theatre，I found that I’d lost my bag.
M：Oh，dear! That’s terrible! What was in your bag?
W：Well，some money，of course，my visa，all my bank cards and some photos.
M：Well，if I were you，I’d go to the police station straight away and report it.
W：Yes，I’ve already done that，and they said they’d look for my bag.But we’re leaving soon and I need my visa badly.
M：Oh，dear! What a pity! Are you sure you lost it in the theatre?
W：Yes，quite sure.
M：I think you should put an advertisement in the China Daily，saying when and where you lost it.
W：But that takes too long.
M：Wait a minute! My uncle lives very close to the theatre.I’ll telephone him and ask him to go there to inquire about it.You’d better have breakfast now and I’ll meet you later.
W：Oh，thank you.I hope he can find it.
Text 10
Long ago，rain boots usually came in black or dull green.Farmers wore them.But now shops are selling them in every color and with beautiful decorations.That’s because the rain boot has been fashionable since around 2004.
But the rain boot has been in fashion forward before.It began in 1817 when the Duke of Wellington started wearing a narrower，simpler boot.Being a famous war hero，men were quick to copy his style and the boot soon became a fashion.It went out of fashion at the end of the 19th century，but farmers，workers，dog walkers carried on wearing them.
So why have they become fashionable again？It’s part of the general trend for big boots：biker boots and cowboy boots are popular.But surely it’s a class thing too.The British upper classes like going outdoors—often seen with waterproof coats，dogs and rain boots.
One shoe company has reported sales of the boots up 673% this year—they’re selling 15 pairs of boots a minute.However，now everyone has them.They’re not special any more and sales will definitely fall.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Community Affairs
*Open Plans—Fixing the Great Mistake
6∶00 pm，Center for Architecture，Tafel Hall 536 LaGuardia Place，Manhattan
Advocating for livable streets and alternative transportation，Mark Gorton explores the history of transportation in New York with a focus on how urban planning policies that prioritize(优先考虑) the automobile have affected many other aspects of life in the city.
Admission: $10
For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.
*River to River Festival—Extraordinary Moves: STREB Human Fountain
6∶00 pm,200 Vesey Street，Manhattan
Inspired by the Bellagio Fountains in Las Vegas，Human Fountain involves performers jumping from as high as 30 feet from an open honeycomb structure in order to create cascades(人工瀑布) of airborne liquid muscle.The outcome is a mixture of slam dancing，amazing human flight，and wild action sport，which captures kids，adults and the general public’s hearts，minds and bodies.
Admission：FREE
For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.
*Scandinavia House—Nordic Summer Jam
6∶30 pm,58 Park Avenue，Manhattan
Contemporary singer and songwriter Anders Holst’s music shows roots in jazz，soul and European pop music.
Admission: $10
For more information，please call 2128479740 or visit www.scandinaviahouse.org.
*Hot Festival—Tickets to Manhood
7∶30 pm，Dixon Place,161A Chrystie Street，Manhattan
What makes a man today? How do boys grow into men? Through humorous，touching stories，a glimpse is offered into the events that turn boys into men.Performed by Douglas Allen，Maximiliano Balduzzi，Spencer Scott Barros，Gerard Joseph and James Scruggs.
Admission: $15 in advance; $18 at door.
For more information，please call 2122190736 or visit www.hotfestival.org.
21．Which of the following focuses on music?
A．Open Plans.
B．Hot Festival.
C．Scandinavia House.
D．River to River Festival.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由Scandinavia House—Nordic Summer Jam中的“Contemporary singer and songwriter Anders Holst’s music shows roots in jazz，soul and European pop music.”可知，Scandinavia House集中于音乐，故选C。
22．If John wants to take part in an activity for free，he should .
A．call 2129450505
B．call 2122190736
C．visit www.scandinaviahouse.org
D．visit www.hotfestival.org
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第二个活动中的“Admission：FREE For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.”可知，如果John想要参加一次免费的活动，他应该打2129450505或访问www.stueb.org，故选A。
23．Who makes explorations of the transportation’s history in New York?
A．Anders Holst. B．Mark Gorton.
C．Douglas Allen. D．Gerard Joseph.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第一个活动中的“Mark Gorton explores the history of transportation in New York with a focus on how urban planning policies...”可知，Mark Gorton探索纽约的交通运输史，故选B。
B
A tenyearold from Howell，Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.The event happened late on an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his mom.
That’s when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezing cold weather，the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.But instead of dismissing it like most kids his age would have，he insisted that his mother，Dawn，find out what was going on.Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather，but he refused to take no for an answer.
Dawn finally gave in and decided to drive to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth to Danny’s hunch(直觉)．Sure enough，as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.Upon getting there，she realized that it was not a dog the young boy had seen，but Kathleen St.Onge.The 80yearold had fallen down on some ice in her garage and had been lying there for two hours，unable to get up.
Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911.The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms St.Onge，while they waited for the ambulance to arrive.Though still in hospital，the elderly woman is recovering well and forever grateful to Danny，for following up on his hunch!
语篇解读 这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事。
24．When seeing a figure in an open garage，Danny .
A．recognized it was an old man
B．thought it was a homeless dog
C．realized something was wrong
D．believed it was nothing important
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Given the freezing cold weather，the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.”可知，Danny意识到发生了不对劲的事情。故选C。
25．When Dawn got closer to the garage，she .
A．noticed the dog had gone away
B．knew Danny’s hunch was wrong
C．found an old lady waving for help
D．felt something must have been stolen
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Sure enough，as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.”可知，当Dawn更靠近车库时，她看到一位老妇人挥手寻求帮助。故选C。
26．Which of the following can best describe Danny?
A．Brave and patient.
B．Friendly and honest.
C．Considerate and optimistic.
D．Persistent and warmhearted.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段第二句可推断出，Danny是一个坚持而又热心的孩子。故选D。
27．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Always Follow Your Hunch
B．Be Ready to Help Save the Elderly
C．Unknown Hero Brings Love and Hope
D．10yearold Saves Elderly Neighbor’s Life
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。由全文的主题句“A tenyearold from Howell，Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.”可知，本文主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事。故选D。
C
Elon Musk，perhaps the world’s most famous businessman，has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.
On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface(BMI)，starting from the design of a “neural lace(神经织网)”，a net of thin electrodes(电极) that capture the information from the brain.However，the electrodes must be flexible，so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time.And to make the implantation(植入) of so many electrodes safe，painless and effective，the process has to be automated.
Mr Musk’s team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals.Its presentation included videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine.This robot grabs “threads”，and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole.The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.
With all these technological breakthroughs，the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis.They designed a small device that would sit behind someone’s ear，picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.In a few years，using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today.Finally，Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems，thus enabling the species to survive.
Though，as this announcement shows，Mr Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race，the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out.The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves，but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery，whether by sewing machine or otherwise，is actually a good idea.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了埃隆·马斯克提出的新型脑机交互的想法，并从现今研究成果和未来应用前景进行了详细说明。
28．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that .
A．electrodes should be flexible to extend life
B．Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas
C．a neural lace is used to store information from the brain
D．electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Elon Musk...has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.”(埃隆·马斯克……有一种习惯，他发表的言论超出了可信度的范围)以及第二段中“On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface (BMI)” (2019年7月16日，他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法)可知，埃隆·马斯克经常能提出人们闻所未闻的想法。故选B项。
29．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Useful. B．Common.
C．Professional. D．Appropriate.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。由画线词后的“as wearing wireless earphones today”可知，几年后，使用大脑植入物来控制你的设备可能会像今天戴着无线耳机一样普遍。故选B项。
30．What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?
A．Convincing people to accept the surgery.
B．Developing devices to perform the surgery.
C．Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.
D．Informing people of the success of the surgery.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最大的阻碍可能不是写软件，而是说服人们做必要的外科手术。意在表明BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A项。
31．What is the best title of this passage?
A．The Neural Lace，a New Type of BMI
B．Elon Musk，the Hero of Human Beings
C．Artificial Intelligence，the Way to Survive
D．A Brain Implant，a Step to Control Machines
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。根据第二段中“On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface (BMI)”可知，2019年7月16日，他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法。接下来全文围绕新型脑机交互(BMI)展开说明，因此可知A项“神经织网，一种新型的脑机交互”切题。
D
As the effects of climate change set in，coastal cities such as the Italian city of Venice and the American city of New Orlean are slowly sinking.So is Bangkok.Officials in the city and scientists say they do not know how long people will be able to continue living in the Thai capital.
Thailand’s military rulers are considering action.The National Reform Council wants the government to form a committee to deal with the warnings that Bangkok could be permanently underwater many years from now.
The Saen Canal was built in Bangkok in the late 1830s.In a neighborhood near the waterway，walkways are breaking up.Walls on homes，small businesses and an Islamic center appear to be bending.The area is sinking about two centimeters a year，which is two times the average rate for the rest of Bangkok.
“I don’t know what to do，” says Vijitri Puangsiri，who has lived in the neighborhood for 44 years.Her home needs to be repaired every year because of the sinking ground.The walkway in front of her centuryold house where she operates a small restaurant must also be repeatedly repaired.
“If you travel on the canal boats，you can see how this is all hollow，” Somsak Kongeeng says，“The buildings are sinking because they were not built on solid foundations.” He joked that if we come back to see him again in 20 years，the water level will be almost as high as his head.But he is also partly serious.That might be only a small overstatement in a city that is，on average，just two meters above sea level.
Observers say two reasons for the sinking are a rising sea level and too much pumping of groundwater.Another reason，they say，is the decision by developers to build so many highrises because they earn quantities of money by doing so.This kind of development worries those who are concerned with the rising water level.
语篇解读 由于气候变化的影响，地面下沉、海平面上升，这将危害沿海地区居民的住房安全。文中作者介绍了曼谷地基日渐下沉的情况及原因。
32．What do we know from the passage?
A．Vijitri Puangsiri’s home needs repairing owing to the broken walkway.
B．The Saen Canal was a supporting evidence of the sinking ground.
C．Somsak Kongeeng simply treats the sinking as a joke.
D．Bangkok is not suitable for people to live in any more.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The Saen Canal was built in Bangkok in the late 1830s.In a neighborhood near the waterway，walkways are breaking up.”以及“The area is sinking about two centimeters a year，which is two times the average rate for the rest of Bangkok.”可知，The Saen Canal有力地证明了地面在下沉。故选B。
33．To slow down the sinking of the city in a practical way，we suggest .
A．replacing the loose soil with concrete
B．forbidding pumping groundwater
C．controlling the construction of highrises
D．stopping the rising of sea level
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，城市下沉的另一个原因是开发商决定修建高楼大厦赚钱，所以要防止地面下沉，就应该控制高层建筑的建设。故选C。
34．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To appeal to protect the city of Bangkok.
B．To explain the reasons for the sinking.
C．To stress the significance of Bangkok.
D．To inform us of the situation of Bangkok.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了曼谷城市日渐下沉的情况，并讲述了下降的原因，故其写作目的应该是提出问题，希望问题得到解决，呼吁保护好曼谷。故选A。
35．What is the best title of this passage?
A．The Saen Canal—Cause of the Sinking
B．A Warning from Bangkok
C．Bangkok—a Coastal City at Risk
D．Reasons for Sinking Buildings
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：沿海城市由于气候原因，岌岌可危。下文就曼谷的地面下沉问题进行了详细介绍。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”． 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with lifegiving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈)． 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G．All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气和阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”给病人治疗了。
36．答案 E
解析 根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。再根据空前的“go out and get some fresh air”可知，E项中的“fresh air”与之呼应。故选E。
37．答案 A
解析 根据前面的分析可知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用。根据常识和本段下文内容可知，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项(新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部)。
38．答案 G
解析 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选G项(在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”)。these places指G项中的Healing Gardens。
39．答案 C
解析 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对病人康复的积极作用。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。故设空处起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的It也是指代这种情况。故应选C项(身处大自然可以使人精神焕发)。
40．答案 D
解析 根据下文中提到的“While the sun’s rays...give us beneficial Vitamin D．”可知，该段介绍的是阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及“阳光”，故选D(获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光)。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Over the years，thanks to my life’s obstacles，I understood the meaning of faith and the strong will to survive.It was Hurricane Ike that made me fully 41 the beauty of our strength and a human’s motivation to recover.
Mom had a twoweek 42 in summer.While we enjoyed our holiday in Southeast Texas，we didn’t realize the fact that Ike would cause months and likely years of “labor”．By September 7th，the “eyes of Texas” were watching Hurricane Ike more 43 ，making the typical mad rush for lastminute hurricane 44 .Two days later，both oil and ice were in high demand.
In the early hours of September 11th，some neighbors were planning to 45 the storm in their homes， 46 others were making final preparations to get away.At first，we decided to stay.But that afternoon，the HoustonGalveston area would be on the more 47 side of the storm.Mom and I packed some of our most precious belongings in the car and 48 the East Texas town of Lufkin.
As Ike pushed farther inland，we 49 power in Lufkin.On Sunday，our nextdoor neighbor told us via cell phone that our house had remained well.Our hopes could not have been 50 .But a few hours later，the neighbors reported that our brick chimney had 51 ，and it was sitting on our living room， 52 a hole in the roof between two skylights(天窗)．
We wouldn’t be allowed to return home 53 September 17th.I climbed upstairs，and looked toward the hole in the roof which showed a beautiful blue sky.Without hesitation，I shouted，“Wow! A third skylight！” My neighbors could not believe I was making jokes 54 crying，but 55 is always good medicine.It was with that joke that I knew，given time，everything would be okay.
语篇解读 作者通过讲述飓风Ike来临前人们的准备和飓风走后的情况，告诉我们面对灾难时要保持积极乐观的心态。
41．A.reserve B．explore
C．appreciate D．improve
答案 C
解析 从上文的“Over the years，thanks to my life’s obstacles”可知，是飓风Ike让我充分感激我们的力量之美和人类恢复的动力。reserve保留；explore 探索；appreciate欣赏，感激；improve提高。故选C。
42．A.meeting B．journey
C．schedule D．vacation
答案 D
解析 根据下句中的“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知，夏天妈妈有一个为期两周的假期。meeting会议；journey 旅行；schedule时刻表；vacation假期。故选D。
43．A.closely B．constantly
C．warningly D．differently
答案 A
解析 由语境知，此处指对飓风Ike的观察更密切。closely密切地；constantly不断地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故选A。
44．A.adventure B．supplies
C．equipment D．consensus
答案 B
解析 从下文的“Two days later，both oil and ice were in high demand.”可知，人们在飓风来临前的最后一分钟疯狂购买供应品。adventure冒险；supply供给品；equipment 设备；consensus一致的意见。故选B。
45．A.put away B．get through
C．test out D．suffer from
答案 B
解析 根据空后的“the storm in their homes”可知，一些邻居计划在家里熬过风暴。put away收好；get through熬过(困难时期)，渡过(难关)；test out检验；suffer from遭受。故选B。
46．A.since B．when
C．while D．until
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的some neighbors和下文中的others可知，此处是两种人的不同做法。since自从；when当……时候；while然而；until 直到。然而，其他人在为离开做最后的准备，这里表示对比。故选C。
47．A.relevant B．abundant
C．peaceful D．dangerous
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的“Mom and I packed some of our most precious belongings in the car and the East Texas town of Lufkin.”可知，HoustonGalveston地区将处于风暴的更危险的地带。relevant相关的；abundant丰富的；peaceful宁静的；dangerous危险的。故选D。
48．A.set out B．headed for
C．settled down D．looked ahead
答案 B
解析 前往得克萨斯州东边的Lufkin。set out出发；head for前往；settle down定居下来；look ahead展望未来。故选B。
49．A.lost B．reduced
C．produced D．provided
答案 A
解析 因为Ike更靠近内陆，我们在Lufkin时停电了。lose失去；reduce减少；produce生产；provide提供。故选A。
50．A.clearer B．higher
C．lower D．wilder
答案 B
解析 我们不能有更高的期望了。clearer更清楚的；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蛮的。故选B。
51．A.passed B．stood
C．followed D．gone
答案 D
解析 几个小时后，邻居说我们的烟囱不见了。pass通过；stand站立；follow跟随；go不见了。故选D。
52．A.advocating B．filling
C．leaving D．kicking
答案 C
解析 在两个天窗之间的屋顶上留了一个洞。advocate提倡；fill填满；leave离开，遗留；kick踢。故选C。
53．A.by B．before
C．after D．until
答案 D
解析 直到9月17号我们才被允许回家。by通过；before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到。故选D。
54．A.in spite of B．instead of
C．apart from D．ahead of
答案 B
解析 in spite of尽管；instead of 代替；apart from除了；ahead of在……之前。邻居们无法相信我在开玩笑而不是在哭。故选B。
55．A.laughter B．will
C．strength D．faith
答案 A
解析 从上文的内容可知，面对灾难作者没有哭泣而是笑着面对。laughter笑声；will 意志；strength力量；faith信念。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We’ve all turned to sad music to make us feel 56. (good) at some point in our lives，but why does doubling down on the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼)?
A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains 57. we match our music to our feelings.It looks like sad music can be enjoyable—rather than 58. (simple) depressing—because it triggers positive memories that can help to lift our mood.Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 59. (be) two groups of possible 60. (explain) for why we enjoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology，and one from cognitive neuroscience(认知神经学)．
In terms of social psychology，one way of 61. (think) about this is that we feel much better about 62. (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse，a process known as downward social comparison.Everything’s going to be okay，because this person 63.
(have) an even worse day than you are.
Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 64. music that mirrors the tone of their current life circumstances—the songs act as 65. sort of tuning fork(音叉) for our own situations and they resonate(共鸣) with us.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些，但是为什么更多的悲伤反而会让我们走出低谷呢？文章对此进行了阐述。
56．答案 better
解析 考查形容词比较级。空格处位于系动词feel后，应用形容词形式。根据句意“让我们感觉更好受一些”，应使用形容词比较级形式。且空格处与第三段中的“feel much better”呼应，故填better。
57．答案 when/as
解析 考查时间状语从句中的连词。分析句子可知，这是一个时间状语从句，空处表示“当……时”。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词填when/as。
58．答案 simply
解析 考查副词。空格处修饰形容词depressing，应用副词形式。故填simply。
59．答案 are
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。这里是there be句型，be动词与其后主语保持一致。句中“two groups of”为复数意义，又由时态可知，空处应填are。
60．答案 explanations
解析 考查名词复数。空格处位于形容词后介词前，应用名词形式。explain的名词形式为explanation，且为可数名词。由空前的“two groups”可知，空格处名词应用复数形式。故填explanations。
61．答案 thinking
解析 考查动名词。空格位于介词of后，且think about是动词词组，所以空格处填动名词形式。故填thinking。
62．答案 ourselves
解析 考查反身代词。we与about后的宾语指代的是同一类人，所以介词后宾语使用反身代词。we的反身代词为ourselves，故填ourselves。
63．答案 is having/has
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，这是原因状语从句，前半句使用的是一般现在时，所以从句部分也使用一般时态。根据句意，从句部分使用一般现在时或现在进行时都可以，主语this person是第三人称单数，故填is having/has。
64．答案 to
解析 考查介词。 listen是不及物动词，后面接名词时需要加介词to，故填to。
65．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。a sort of意为“一种”，为固定搭配。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校计划周六举行唐诗朗诵比赛(Tang poetry recitation contest)，请给交流生Chris写封邮件，邀请他参赛，内容包括：
1．邀请对方参赛；
2．告知比赛时间、地点；
3．就如何准备提出建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
I’m writing to invite you to participate in a Tang poetry recitation contest of our school as you have always been enthusiastic about Tang poems.
As planned，the contest is to be held in our library next Saturday.It begins at 9 a．m.，lasting about two hours.
So precious is the opportunity that you can’t miss it.Here are some suggestions as to how to prepare for it.You need to select a suitable poem in advance.Besides，you may as well practice reading till you can recite it fluently.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We were three thousand miles away from home on a Random Acts of Kindness and Volunteerism Road Trip.We were short of money，so we had two goals today：
1．Try out our new “Smile！” signs and see how much kindness and joy we could spread in Pike Place Market.
2．Raise at least $80 by doing street performances.Singing，drawing or storytelling.This would be enough for gas to Portland and a small hotel room.
We weren’t sure how people would react to our signs.It’s so easy to walk past a busy crowd，lost in your own world，refusing to make eye contact with strangers，and feeling alone despite being surrounded by hundreds of people just like you.Finally，I gathered courage to raise our signs and shouted，“Hi here！” to a young couple.They looked over，confused for a moment，read our signs and broke into smiles.Then we saw more smiling faces in the crowd.
Before long，our signs were wildly popular.Tourists wanted photos with us.Strangers stopped to ask us about our signs.We told them the story of our acts of kindness road trip and listened to their stories，too.
Sometimes I’d see unfriendly faces and feel particularly nervous to show them our bright signs.But I was always rewarded with a big smile whenever I did so.Suddenly they were no longer faces of strangers but those of neighbors and friends.This world is full of good people we just don’t know yet.We got so wrapped up in our wonderful “Smile！” project that we forgot the other goal.Before we knew it，the sun was setting，and we had no money for our trip to Portland.
注意： 续写词数应为150左右。
We sat down to watch a musician play the guitar while we thought about our second goal.
Our little band of five attracted a large audience.
参考范文
We sat down to watch a musician play the guitar while we thought about our second goal.It seemed that it was tough to achieve.Now we didn’t have much time to lose.Suddenly，a good idea flashed through my mind.I gathered my courage and walked straight toward the musician and asked him to do us a favor.To our great delight，he enthusiastically supported our money project and agreed to form a band with us.With an empty hat on the ground in front of us，we began our performance.
Our little band of five attracted a large audience.We received a storm of applause.A gentleman in his fifties was the first to put some change into our hat.His act of kindness was soon followed by more donations.A little boy，holding his mom’s hand，carefully dropped a coin and gave us the most beautiful smile in the world.Before it was dark，we were sure we had made it.The amount of money gathered totalled $92.What a sweet victory! We thanked the musician and went on with our journey.In the depth of my heart，I would keep these heartwarming moments forever.
单元检测卷(四)
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the man do during the coming holiday?
A．Stay with his grandparents.
B．Stay at home.
C．Do some volunteer work.
2．How does the woman feel?
A．Nervous. B．Excited. C．Grateful.
3．Where does the man like to live most?
A．In New York.
B．In Paris.
C．In Sydney.
4．What was the weather like last night?
A．Rainy. B．Sunny. C．Windy.
5．How much does a ticket cost?
A．$7. B．$24. C．$25.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．How did the man get the tickets?
A．His brother gave them to him.
B．He got them by lining up at the ticket office.
C．He called the ticket office and booked them.
7．With whom will the man go to the concert?
A．The woman.
B．His brother.
C．He will go alone.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．Why is Sam back home early today?
A．He doesn’t feel very well.
B．Allan will help him with his math.
C．His teachers will have a meeting.
9．What will Sam help his mother do?
A．Do the dishes.
B．Peel the potatoes.
C．Cut the tomatoes.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why are there so many ski shows?
A．To promote an extreme sport.
B．To attract more visitors.
C．To arouse people’s awareness of protecting the environment.
11．What is the man’s father?
A．A skier.
B．A scientist.
C．A ski club owner.
12．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Their hobbies.
B．Ski shows.
C．The snowmaking industry.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．Of the things in the woman’s bag，which does she need badly?
A．Money.
B．Her visa.
C．Her bank cards.
14．What did the woman do after losing her bag?
A．She phoned the staff in the theatre for help.
B．She went to the police station.
C．She went back to the theatre.
15．What does the man advise the woman to do now?
A．Have breakfast.
B．Ask the police for help.
C．Look for the bag.
16．What will the man do next?
A．Meet his uncle.
B．Put an advertisement in the China Daily.
C．Make a phone call to his uncle.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What color was the rain boot long ago?
A．Dark brown.
B．Light blue.
C．Black or dull green.
18．When did the rain boot become fashionable for the first time?
A．In 1817. B．In 1890. C．In 2004.
19．Which is NOT mentioned about the things the British upper classes take with them?
A．Dogs.
B．Waterproof coats.
C．Sunglasses.
20．How often is that shoe company selling a pair of boots?
A．Every 4 seconds.
B．Every 15 seconds.
C．Every 30 seconds.
答案 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.A 8.C
9．A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C
17．C 18.A 19.C 20.A
听力材料
Text 1
M：What’s your plan for the coming holiday?
W：I’m going to stay with my grandparents for two weeks and then stay at home.What’s your plan?
M：I’m going to be a volunteer to help disabled people.Would you like to join us?
Text 2
W：You know what? I won the gold medal in the women marathon.
M：Wow，congratulations! How about having a party to celebrate?
Text 3
M：I have been to Sydney，San Francisco，Washington and New York，but I prefer to live in Paris.
W：Of course.You’ve been here for so many years.
Text 4
M：It looks like it’s going to be sunny.I can’t believe there was such a heavy wind last night.
W：Yes.The wind broke several windows.But they say we’re going to get some rain later.
Text 5
M：I want three tickets for the movie.Here is 25 dollars.
W：Here are your three tickets，and here is the change—four dollars.
Text 6
M：Hi，I got them，two tickets to Wang Feng’s concert.
W：You’re kidding! How did you get them?
M：My brother gave them to me.You know，I went out at four in the morning and lined up，but there were already a lot of people there.I couldn’t buy any tickets.However，my brother called and told me he had two extra tickets.
W：You were very lucky.
M：I know you’re a fan of Wang Feng.If you are free tomorrow，would you like to come with me?
W：That would be wonderful! Thank you very much!
Text 7
M：Mom，I’m back.
W：Hi，Sam.You get home from school early today.
M：Yeah，our teachers will have a meeting so we all go home early.
W：Well，now that you are here，you can help me with dinner.I need those potatoes peeled and cut.
M：Mom，give me a break.Allan’s coming over to help me with my math final.
W：Well，in that case，you can do the dishes and clean up after dinner.
M：OK.Can I invite Allan to stay for dinner?
W：Of course.You and Allan have become good friends，haven’t you?
M：Thanks，mom.Of course we are best friends now.
Text 8
W：Hey，look over there.Let’s go and have a look.
M：Sure.It’s probably the ski show.There were many ski clubs putting on shows to attract more visitors.
W：Look at that.It’s so dangerous！My mum would never allow me to do that.
M：It’s an extreme sports show.What else can they do to attract more visitors?
W：You are right.By the way，how did they get so much snow here?
M：Don’t you know?
W：Hey，not everyone is as lucky as you to have a father who is a scientist.
M：Sorry.Well，they have a very advanced snowmaking machine.
W：Do you think the snowmaking can cause pollution?
M：It’s possible.But the boss here says they are doing whatever they can to prevent pollution.
W：That’s good.
Text 9
M：You look a bit worried today.Is there anything wrong?
W：Well，yes，there is something wrong，actually.Perhaps you can give me some advice.
M：Of course，if I can.
W：Well，last night when I returned from the theatre，I found that I’d lost my bag.
M：Oh，dear! That’s terrible! What was in your bag?
W：Well，some money，of course，my visa，all my bank cards and some photos.
M：Well，if I were you，I’d go to the police station straight away and report it.
W：Yes，I’ve already done that，and they said they’d look for my bag.But we’re leaving soon and I need my visa badly.
M：Oh，dear! What a pity! Are you sure you lost it in the theatre?
W：Yes，quite sure.
M：I think you should put an advertisement in the China Daily，saying when and where you lost it.
W：But that takes too long.
M：Wait a minute! My uncle lives very close to the theatre.I’ll telephone him and ask him to go there to inquire about it.You’d better have breakfast now and I’ll meet you later.
W：Oh，thank you.I hope he can find it.
Text 10
Long ago，rain boots usually came in black or dull green.Farmers wore them.But now shops are selling them in every color and with beautiful decorations.That’s because the rain boot has been fashionable since around 2004.
But the rain boot has been in fashion forward before.It began in 1817 when the Duke of Wellington started wearing a narrower，simpler boot.Being a famous war hero，men were quick to copy his style and the boot soon became a fashion.It went out of fashion at the end of the 19th century，but farmers，workers，dog walkers carried on wearing them.
So why have they become fashionable again？It’s part of the general trend for big boots：biker boots and cowboy boots are popular.But surely it’s a class thing too.The British upper classes like going outdoors—often seen with waterproof coats，dogs and rain boots.
One shoe company has reported sales of the boots up 673% this year—they’re selling 15 pairs of boots a minute.However，now everyone has them.They’re not special any more and sales will definitely fall.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Community Affairs
*Open Plans—Fixing the Great Mistake
6∶00 pm，Center for Architecture，Tafel Hall 536 LaGuardia Place，Manhattan
Advocating for livable streets and alternative transportation，Mark Gorton explores the history of transportation in New York with a focus on how urban planning policies that prioritize(优先考虑) the automobile have affected many other aspects of life in the city.
Admission: $10
For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.
*River to River Festival—Extraordinary Moves: STREB Human Fountain
6∶00 pm,200 Vesey Street，Manhattan
Inspired by the Bellagio Fountains in Las Vegas，Human Fountain involves performers jumping from as high as 30 feet from an open honeycomb structure in order to create cascades(人工瀑布) of airborne liquid muscle.The outcome is a mixture of slam dancing，amazing human flight，and wild action sport，which captures kids，adults and the general public’s hearts，minds and bodies.
Admission：FREE
For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.
*Scandinavia House—Nordic Summer Jam
6∶30 pm,58 Park Avenue，Manhattan
Contemporary singer and songwriter Anders Holst’s music shows roots in jazz，soul and European pop music.
Admission: $10
For more information，please call 2128479740 or visit www.scandinaviahouse.org.
*Hot Festival—Tickets to Manhood
7∶30 pm，Dixon Place,161A Chrystie Street，Manhattan
What makes a man today? How do boys grow into men? Through humorous，touching stories，a glimpse is offered into the events that turn boys into men.Performed by Douglas Allen，Maximiliano Balduzzi，Spencer Scott Barros，Gerard Joseph and James Scruggs.
Admission: $15 in advance; $18 at door.
For more information，please call 2122190736 or visit www.hotfestival.org.
21．Which of the following focuses on music?
A．Open Plans.
B．Hot Festival.
C．Scandinavia House.
D．River to River Festival.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。由Scandinavia House—Nordic Summer Jam中的“Contemporary singer and songwriter Anders Holst’s music shows roots in jazz，soul and European pop music.”可知，Scandinavia House集中于音乐，故选C。
22．If John wants to take part in an activity for free，he should .
A．call 2129450505
B．call 2122190736
C．visit www.scandinaviahouse.org
D．visit www.hotfestival.org
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。由第二个活动中的“Admission：FREE For more information，please call 2129450505 or visit www.streb.org.”可知，如果John想要参加一次免费的活动，他应该打2129450505或访问www.stueb.org，故选A。
23．Who makes explorations of the transportation’s history in New York?
A．Anders Holst. B．Mark Gorton.
C．Douglas Allen. D．Gerard Joseph.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。由第一个活动中的“Mark Gorton explores the history of transportation in New York with a focus on how urban planning policies...”可知，Mark Gorton探索纽约的交通运输史，故选B。
B
A tenyearold from Howell，Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.The event happened late on an evening when Danny DiPietro was being driven home from hockey practice by his mom.
That’s when the young boy noticed an open garage and a figure that he believed was a dog outside an apartment building near his house.Given the freezing cold weather，the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.But instead of dismissing it like most kids his age would have，he insisted that his mother，Dawn，find out what was going on.Dawn tried to make Danny believe that no one would leave a dog out in such cold weather，but he refused to take no for an answer.
Dawn finally gave in and decided to drive to the area with the family dog and see if there was any truth to Danny’s hunch(直觉)．Sure enough，as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.Upon getting there，she realized that it was not a dog the young boy had seen，but Kathleen St.Onge.The 80yearold had fallen down on some ice in her garage and had been lying there for two hours，unable to get up.
Dawn rushed home to get her husband to help and called 911.The two then returned with some blankets to cover Ms St.Onge，while they waited for the ambulance to arrive.Though still in hospital，the elderly woman is recovering well and forever grateful to Danny，for following up on his hunch!
语篇解读 这篇文章主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事。
24．When seeing a figure in an open garage，Danny .
A．recognized it was an old man
B．thought it was a homeless dog
C．realized something was wrong
D．believed it was nothing important
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Given the freezing cold weather，the young boy got a feeling that something was not right.”可知，Danny意识到发生了不对劲的事情。故选C。
25．When Dawn got closer to the garage，she .
A．noticed the dog had gone away
B．knew Danny’s hunch was wrong
C．found an old lady waving for help
D．felt something must have been stolen
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Sure enough，as she got closer to the apartment building she noticed a garage that was wide open and someone waving madly for help.”可知，当Dawn更靠近车库时，她看到一位老妇人挥手寻求帮助。故选C。
26．Which of the following can best describe Danny?
A．Brave and patient.
B．Friendly and honest.
C．Considerate and optimistic.
D．Persistent and warmhearted.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和最后一段第二句可推断出，Danny是一个坚持而又热心的孩子。故选D。
27．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Always Follow Your Hunch
B．Be Ready to Help Save the Elderly
C．Unknown Hero Brings Love and Hope
D．10yearold Saves Elderly Neighbor’s Life
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。由全文的主题句“A tenyearold from Howell，Michigan is being praised as a hero thanks to his persistence(坚持) that led to saving the life of an elderly neighbor.”可知，本文主要讲了一个十岁的小男孩用自己的坚持，救了一位上了年纪的邻居的故事。故选D。
C
Elon Musk，perhaps the world’s most famous businessman，has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.
On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface(BMI)，starting from the design of a “neural lace(神经织网)”，a net of thin electrodes(电极) that capture the information from the brain.However，the electrodes must be flexible，so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time.And to make the implantation(植入) of so many electrodes safe，painless and effective，the process has to be automated.
Mr Musk’s team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals.Its presentation included videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine.This robot grabs “threads”，and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole.The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.
With all these technological breakthroughs，the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis.They designed a small device that would sit behind someone’s ear，picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.In a few years，using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today.Finally，Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems，thus enabling the species to survive.
Though，as this announcement shows，Mr Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race，the idea that some machines at least will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out.The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves，but rather persuading people that the necessary surgery，whether by sewing machine or otherwise，is actually a good idea.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了埃隆·马斯克提出的新型脑机交互的想法，并从现今研究成果和未来应用前景进行了详细说明。
28．We can learn from the first two paragraphs that .
A．electrodes should be flexible to extend life
B．Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideas
C．a neural lace is used to store information from the brain
D．electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Elon Musk...has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.”(埃隆·马斯克……有一种习惯，他发表的言论超出了可信度的范围)以及第二段中“On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface (BMI)” (2019年7月16日，他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法)可知，埃隆·马斯克经常能提出人们闻所未闻的想法。故选B项。
29．What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Useful. B．Common.
C．Professional. D．Appropriate.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。由画线词后的“as wearing wireless earphones today”可知，几年后，使用大脑植入物来控制你的设备可能会像今天戴着无线耳机一样普遍。故选B项。
30．What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?
A．Convincing people to accept the surgery.
B．Developing devices to perform the surgery.
C．Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.
D．Informing people of the success of the surgery.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，最大的阻碍可能不是写软件，而是说服人们做必要的外科手术。意在表明BMI最艰难的部分是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A项。
31．What is the best title of this passage?
A．The Neural Lace，a New Type of BMI
B．Elon Musk，the Hero of Human Beings
C．Artificial Intelligence，the Way to Survive
D．A Brain Implant，a Step to Control Machines
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。根据第二段中“On July 16th,2019，he introduced a new type of brainmachine interface (BMI)”可知，2019年7月16日，他提出了一个关于新型脑机交互的想法。接下来全文围绕新型脑机交互(BMI)展开说明，因此可知A项“神经织网，一种新型的脑机交互”切题。
D
As the effects of climate change set in，coastal cities such as the Italian city of Venice and the American city of New Orlean are slowly sinking.So is Bangkok.Officials in the city and scientists say they do not know how long people will be able to continue living in the Thai capital.
Thailand’s military rulers are considering action.The National Reform Council wants the government to form a committee to deal with the warnings that Bangkok could be permanently underwater many years from now.
The Saen Canal was built in Bangkok in the late 1830s.In a neighborhood near the waterway，walkways are breaking up.Walls on homes，small businesses and an Islamic center appear to be bending.The area is sinking about two centimeters a year，which is two times the average rate for the rest of Bangkok.
“I don’t know what to do，” says Vijitri Puangsiri，who has lived in the neighborhood for 44 years.Her home needs to be repaired every year because of the sinking ground.The walkway in front of her centuryold house where she operates a small restaurant must also be repeatedly repaired.
“If you travel on the canal boats，you can see how this is all hollow，” Somsak Kongeeng says，“The buildings are sinking because they were not built on solid foundations.” He joked that if we come back to see him again in 20 years，the water level will be almost as high as his head.But he is also partly serious.That might be only a small overstatement in a city that is，on average，just two meters above sea level.
Observers say two reasons for the sinking are a rising sea level and too much pumping of groundwater.Another reason，they say，is the decision by developers to build so many highrises because they earn quantities of money by doing so.This kind of development worries those who are concerned with the rising water level.
语篇解读 由于气候变化的影响，地面下沉、海平面上升，这将危害沿海地区居民的住房安全。文中作者介绍了曼谷地基日渐下沉的情况及原因。
32．What do we know from the passage?
A．Vijitri Puangsiri’s home needs repairing owing to the broken walkway.
B．The Saen Canal was a supporting evidence of the sinking ground.
C．Somsak Kongeeng simply treats the sinking as a joke.
D．Bangkok is not suitable for people to live in any more.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“The Saen Canal was built in Bangkok in the late 1830s.In a neighborhood near the waterway，walkways are breaking up.”以及“The area is sinking about two centimeters a year，which is two times the average rate for the rest of Bangkok.”可知，The Saen Canal有力地证明了地面在下沉。故选B。
33．To slow down the sinking of the city in a practical way，we suggest .
A．replacing the loose soil with concrete
B．forbidding pumping groundwater
C．controlling the construction of highrises
D．stopping the rising of sea level
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，城市下沉的另一个原因是开发商决定修建高楼大厦赚钱，所以要防止地面下沉，就应该控制高层建筑的建设。故选C。
34．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To appeal to protect the city of Bangkok.
B．To explain the reasons for the sinking.
C．To stress the significance of Bangkok.
D．To inform us of the situation of Bangkok.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了曼谷城市日渐下沉的情况，并讲述了下降的原因，故其写作目的应该是提出问题，希望问题得到解决，呼吁保护好曼谷。故选A。
35．What is the best title of this passage?
A．The Saen Canal—Cause of the Sinking
B．A Warning from Bangkok
C．Bangkok—a Coastal City at Risk
D．Reasons for Sinking Buildings
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。本文在第一段点出主题：沿海城市由于气候原因，岌岌可危。下文就曼谷的地面下沉问题进行了详细介绍。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·全国Ⅰ)
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air”． 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean—which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities—then the air is filled with lifegiving，energizing oxygen.If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉) and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈)． 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪)．Greenery is good for us.Hospital patients who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun’s rays can age and harm our skin，they also give us beneficial Vitamin D．To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin—put on sunscreen right as you head outside.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working，and that’s plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day’s worth of Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B．So what are you waiting for?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
F．Just as importantly，we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G．All across the country，recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新鲜空气的好处：新鲜空气中的氧气和阳光对人们的身心健康均有好处。人们已经开始利用大自然和治愈疾病的关系，建造“康复花园”给病人治疗了。
36．答案 E
解析 根据下一句中的“the answer is a big YES”可知，该空应该是一个一般疑问句，选项中只有E选项是一般疑问句。再根据空前的“go out and get some fresh air”可知，E项中的“fresh air”与之呼应。故选E。
37．答案 A
解析 根据前面的分析可知，该空应该提到新鲜空气的基本作用。根据常识和本段下文内容可知，我们知道吸入的空气首先进入的是肺部，然后才会使我们的肌肉和大脑受益，故该空应选A选项(新鲜空气清洁我们的肺部)。
38．答案 G
解析 根据下一句中提到的“these places”可推知，该空应该提到表示地点的复数名词。选项中只有G选项提到该类名词，故选G项(在全国，康复中心已经开始建造“康复花园”)。these places指G项中的Healing Gardens。
39．答案 C
解析 前文介绍的是“康复花园”中的绿色植物对病人康复的积极作用。空后提到“它给我们一种平和感”。故设空处起承上启下的作用，仍然要提到处于“康复花园”这种自然环境中的好处，空后的It也是指代这种情况。故应选C项(身处大自然可以使人精神焕发)。
40．答案 D
解析 根据下文中提到的“While the sun’s rays...give us beneficial Vitamin D．”可知，该段介绍的是阳光的好处。故该选项应该提到阳光。选项中只有D选项涉及“阳光”，故选D(获得新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光)。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Over the years，thanks to my life’s obstacles，I understood the meaning of faith and the strong will to survive.It was Hurricane Ike that made me fully 41 the beauty of our strength and a human’s motivation to recover.
Mom had a twoweek 42 in summer.While we enjoyed our holiday in Southeast Texas，we didn’t realize the fact that Ike would cause months and likely years of “labor”．By September 7th，the “eyes of Texas” were watching Hurricane Ike more 43 ，making the typical mad rush for lastminute hurricane 44 .Two days later，both oil and ice were in high demand.
In the early hours of September 11th，some neighbors were planning to 45 the storm in their homes， 46 others were making final preparations to get away.At first，we decided to stay.But that afternoon，the HoustonGalveston area would be on the more 47 side of the storm.Mom and I packed some of our most precious belongings in the car and 48 the East Texas town of Lufkin.
As Ike pushed farther inland，we 49 power in Lufkin.On Sunday，our nextdoor neighbor told us via cell phone that our house had remained well.Our hopes could not have been 50 .But a few hours later，the neighbors reported that our brick chimney had 51 ，and it was sitting on our living room， 52 a hole in the roof between two skylights(天窗)．
We wouldn’t be allowed to return home 53 September 17th.I climbed upstairs，and looked toward the hole in the roof which showed a beautiful blue sky.Without hesitation，I shouted，“Wow! A third skylight！” My neighbors could not believe I was making jokes 54 crying，but 55 is always good medicine.It was with that joke that I knew，given time，everything would be okay.
语篇解读 作者通过讲述飓风Ike来临前人们的准备和飓风走后的情况，告诉我们面对灾难时要保持积极乐观的心态。
41．A.reserve B．explore
C．appreciate D．improve
答案 C
解析 从上文的“Over the years，thanks to my life’s obstacles”可知，是飓风Ike让我充分感激我们的力量之美和人类恢复的动力。reserve保留；explore 探索；appreciate欣赏，感激；improve提高。故选C。
42．A.meeting B．journey
C．schedule D．vacation
答案 D
解析 根据下句中的“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知，夏天妈妈有一个为期两周的假期。meeting会议；journey 旅行；schedule时刻表；vacation假期。故选D。
43．A.closely B．constantly
C．warningly D．differently
答案 A
解析 由语境知，此处指对飓风Ike的观察更密切。closely密切地；constantly不断地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故选A。
44．A.adventure B．supplies
C．equipment D．consensus
答案 B
解析 从下文的“Two days later，both oil and ice were in high demand.”可知，人们在飓风来临前的最后一分钟疯狂购买供应品。adventure冒险；supply供给品；equipment 设备；consensus一致的意见。故选B。
45．A.put away B．get through
C．test out D．suffer from
答案 B
解析 根据空后的“the storm in their homes”可知，一些邻居计划在家里熬过风暴。put away收好；get through熬过(困难时期)，渡过(难关)；test out检验；suffer from遭受。故选B。
46．A.since B．when
C．while D．until
答案 C
解析 根据上文中的some neighbors和下文中的others可知，此处是两种人的不同做法。since自从；when当……时候；while然而；until 直到。然而，其他人在为离开做最后的准备，这里表示对比。故选C。
47．A.relevant B．abundant
C．peaceful D．dangerous
答案 D
解析 根据下文中的“Mom and I packed some of our most precious belongings in the car and the East Texas town of Lufkin.”可知，HoustonGalveston地区将处于风暴的更危险的地带。relevant相关的；abundant丰富的；peaceful宁静的；dangerous危险的。故选D。
48．A.set out B．headed for
C．settled down D．looked ahead
答案 B
解析 前往得克萨斯州东边的Lufkin。set out出发；head for前往；settle down定居下来；look ahead展望未来。故选B。
49．A.lost B．reduced
C．produced D．provided
答案 A
解析 因为Ike更靠近内陆，我们在Lufkin时停电了。lose失去；reduce减少；produce生产；provide提供。故选A。
50．A.clearer B．higher
C．lower D．wilder
答案 B
解析 我们不能有更高的期望了。clearer更清楚的；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蛮的。故选B。
51．A.passed B．stood
C．followed D．gone
答案 D
解析 几个小时后，邻居说我们的烟囱不见了。pass通过；stand站立；follow跟随；go不见了。故选D。
52．A.advocating B．filling
C．leaving D．kicking
答案 C
解析 在两个天窗之间的屋顶上留了一个洞。advocate提倡；fill填满；leave离开，遗留；kick踢。故选C。
53．A.by B．before
C．after D．until
答案 D
解析 直到9月17号我们才被允许回家。by通过；before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到。故选D。
54．A.in spite of B．instead of
C．apart from D．ahead of
答案 B
解析 in spite of尽管；instead of 代替；apart from除了；ahead of在……之前。邻居们无法相信我在开玩笑而不是在哭。故选B。
55．A.laughter B．will
C．strength D．faith
答案 A
解析 从上文的内容可知，面对灾难作者没有哭泣而是笑着面对。laughter笑声；will 意志；strength力量；faith信念。故选A。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We’ve all turned to sad music to make us feel 56. (good) at some point in our lives，but why does doubling down on the sadness help drag us out of the mire(泥沼)?
A new study sheds light on what’s going on inside our brains 57. we match our music to our feelings.It looks like sad music can be enjoyable—rather than 58. (simple) depressing—because it triggers positive memories that can help to lift our mood.Psychologist Adrian North from Curtin University in Australia says there 59. (be) two groups of possible 60. (explain) for why we enjoy listening to sad music like this: one from social psychology，and one from cognitive neuroscience(认知神经学)．
In terms of social psychology，one way of 61. (think) about this is that we feel much better about 62. (we) if we focus on someone who’s doing even worse，a process known as downward social comparison.Everything’s going to be okay，because this person 63.
(have) an even worse day than you are.
Another theory from social psychology is that people like to listen 64. music that mirrors the tone of their current life circumstances—the songs act as 65. sort of tuning fork(音叉) for our own situations and they resonate(共鸣) with us.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。我们都曾在生命中的某些时刻通过听悲伤的歌来让自己好受一些，但是为什么更多的悲伤反而会让我们走出低谷呢？文章对此进行了阐述。
56．答案 better
解析 考查形容词比较级。空格处位于系动词feel后，应用形容词形式。根据句意“让我们感觉更好受一些”，应使用形容词比较级形式。且空格处与第三段中的“feel much better”呼应，故填better。
57．答案 when/as
解析 考查时间状语从句中的连词。分析句子可知，这是一个时间状语从句，空处表示“当……时”。由于空格后句子使用的是一般现在时，所以空格处连词填when/as。
58．答案 simply
解析 考查副词。空格处修饰形容词depressing，应用副词形式。故填simply。
59．答案 are
解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。这里是there be句型，be动词与其后主语保持一致。句中“two groups of”为复数意义，又由时态可知，空处应填are。
60．答案 explanations
解析 考查名词复数。空格处位于形容词后介词前，应用名词形式。explain的名词形式为explanation，且为可数名词。由空前的“two groups”可知，空格处名词应用复数形式。故填explanations。
61．答案 thinking
解析 考查动名词。空格位于介词of后，且think about是动词词组，所以空格处填动名词形式。故填thinking。
62．答案 ourselves
解析 考查反身代词。we与about后的宾语指代的是同一类人，所以介词后宾语使用反身代词。we的反身代词为ourselves，故填ourselves。
63．答案 is having/has
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，这是原因状语从句，前半句使用的是一般现在时，所以从句部分也使用一般时态。根据句意，从句部分使用一般现在时或现在进行时都可以，主语this person是第三人称单数，故填is having/has。
64．答案 to
解析 考查介词。 listen是不及物动词，后面接名词时需要加介词to，故填to。
65．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。a sort of意为“一种”，为固定搭配。故填a。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，你校计划周六举行唐诗朗诵比赛(Tang poetry recitation contest)，请给交流生Chris写封邮件，邀请他参赛，内容包括：
1．邀请对方参赛；
2．告知比赛时间、地点；
3．就如何准备提出建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
I’m writing to invite you to participate in a Tang poetry recitation contest of our school as you have always been enthusiastic about Tang poems.
As planned，the contest is to be held in our library next Saturday.It begins at 9 a．m.，lasting about two hours.
So precious is the opportunity that you can’t miss it.Here are some suggestions as to how to prepare for it.You need to select a suitable poem in advance.Besides，you may as well practice reading till you can recite it fluently.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We were three thousand miles away from home on a Random Acts of Kindness and Volunteerism Road Trip.We were short of money，so we had two goals today：
1．Try out our new “Smile！” signs and see how much kindness and joy we could spread in Pike Place Market.
2．Raise at least $80 by doing street performances.Singing，drawing or storytelling.This would be enough for gas to Portland and a small hotel room.
We weren’t sure how people would react to our signs.It’s so easy to walk past a busy crowd，lost in your own world，refusing to make eye contact with strangers，and feeling alone despite being surrounded by hundreds of people just like you.Finally，I gathered courage to raise our signs and shouted，“Hi here！” to a young couple.They looked over，confused for a moment，read our signs and broke into smiles.Then we saw more smiling faces in the crowd.
Before long，our signs were wildly popular.Tourists wanted photos with us.Strangers stopped to ask us about our signs.We told them the story of our acts of kindness road trip and listened to their stories，too.
Sometimes I’d see unfriendly faces and feel particularly nervous to show them our bright signs.But I was always rewarded with a big smile whenever I did so.Suddenly they were no longer faces of strangers but those of neighbors and friends.This world is full of good people we just don’t know yet.We got so wrapped up in our wonderful “Smile！” project that we forgot the other goal.Before we knew it，the sun was setting，and we had no money for our trip to Portland.
注意： 续写词数应为150左右。
We sat down to watch a musician play the guitar while we thought about our second goal.
Our little band of five attracted a large audience.
参考范文
We sat down to watch a musician play the guitar while we thought about our second goal.It seemed that it was tough to achieve.Now we didn’t have much time to lose.Suddenly，a good idea flashed through my mind.I gathered my courage and walked straight toward the musician and asked him to do us a favor.To our great delight，he enthusiastically supported our money project and agreed to form a band with us.With an empty hat on the ground in front of us，we began our performance.
Our little band of five attracted a large audience.We received a storm of applause.A gentleman in his fifties was the first to put some change into our hat.His act of kindness was soon followed by more donations.A little boy，holding his mom’s hand，carefully dropped a coin and gave us the most beautiful smile in the world.Before it was dark，we were sure we had made it.The amount of money gathered totalled $92.What a sweet victory! We thanked the musician and went on with our journey.In the depth of my heart，I would keep these heartwarming moments forever.
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