2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习层级一感悟价值引领主题二聚焦社会热点情景2人类命运共同体

这是一份2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习层级一感悟价值引领主题二聚焦社会热点情景2人类命运共同体，共8页。
情景2　人类命运共同体Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·福州市高三诊断性联考]Eradajere Oleita thinks she may have a partial solution for two of our country's long­standing problems: garbage and poverty. It's called The Chip Bag Project. The 26­year­old student and environmentalist from Detroit is asking a favor of local snack lovers: Rather than throw your empty chip bags into the trash, donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags for the homeless.Chip eaters drop off their empty bags from Doritos, Lay's, and other favorites at two locations in Detroit: a print shop and a clothing store, where Oleita and her volunteer helpers collect them. After they clean the chip bags in hot soapy water, they slice them open, lay them flat, and iron them together. It takes about four hours to sew a sleeping bag, and each takes around 150 to 300 chip bags, depending on whether it's single­serve or family­size. The result is a sleeping bag that is “waterproof, lightweight, and easy to carry around，” Oleita told TheDetroitNews.Since its start in 2020, The Chip Bag Project has collected more than 800，000 chip bags and, as of last December, it has created 110 sleeping bags. Sure, it would be simpler to raise money to buy new sleeping bags. But that's only half the goal for Oleita — whose family moved to the United States from Nigeria a decade ago with the hope of attaining a better life — and her fellow volunteers. “We are committed to making an impact not only socially, but also environmentally，” she said. And, of course, there's the symbolism of salvaging bags that would otherwise be abandoned in the trash and using them to help the homeless. It's a powerful reminder that environmental injustice and poverty often go hand in hand. As Oleita told www. hourdetroit. com, “I think it's time to show connections between these issues.”1．What is the purpose of The Chip Bag Project?A．To make donations for the homeless.B．To deal with garbage and sleeping bags.C．To stop pollution caused by snack lovers.D．To protect the environment and reduce poverty.2．How does Oleita get materials for sleeping bags?A．By turning to chip eaters.B．By producing chip bags.C．By purchasing snacks.D．By cooperating with the poor.3．Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “salvaging” in the last paragraph?A．Sewing.    B．Designing.C．Emptying.    D．Recycling.4．Which of the following best describes Eradajere Oleita?A．Devoted and creative.B．Determined and honest.C．Ambitious and humorous.D．Caring and independent.B[2022·马鞍山市高三质量监测]In 2007, the African Union announced an ambitious project — to plant the Great Green Wall (GGW), a band of trees that would stretch the length of the Sahel.The GGW is an ecological restoration project designed by African people for African people. Heavy rain, droughts, wildfire and landslides have all become common throughout the world. But nowhere is quite like the Sahel. In this huge African region, climate change has materialized in a dramatic manner. In some cases, the severe conditions have left people with no option other than to migrate elsewhere to survive. It was with all of this in mind that the extraordinary, but heavily debated project was first put forward.Fourteen years have passed since the initiative formally kicked off. The stated goal was to create a 15­kilometre­wide, 8，000­kilometre­long green belt of trees and other plants that, by 2030, would span (跨越) the entire width of the Sahel, from Senegal to Djibouti. Overall, 100 million hectares (公顷) of land would be restored by 2030. It was announced that once completed, the wall could end up capturing (俘获) 250 million tones of carbon dioxide, while its creation and upkeep could create ten million jobs in rural areas.Coming to the whole project, there's still a long way to go. According to a status report by the UnitedNationsConventiontoCombatDesertification, about four million hectares of degraded land have been restored. This means that progress towards the 100 million hectares target stands at just four per cent.“When we started restoring the soil, we realized the area at risk was much wider than we initially thought，” explains Elvis Paul Tangem, the African Union's GGW coordinator. “We had few funds to push the initiative as much as we wanted to. There was skepticism among investors, who didn't understand the project, but also among the African states themselves, which needed time to figure out if the GGW was a priority. ”5．What is the purpose of the GGW project?A．To improve the local ecology.B．To develop the rural economy.C．To predict climate patterns.D．To strengthen regional ties.6．What do the statistics in Paragraph 3 show about the initiative?A．The service period.B．The total budget.C．The target groups.D．The expected benefits.7．How does Elvis Paul Tangem feel about the project?A．Skeptical.    B．Worried.C．Confident.    D．Satisfied.8．What message does the author intend to convey in the text?A．African countries should stand together.B．The progress of the GGW project is slow.C．Fighting climate change is our top priority.D．Natural disasters are worse than we thought.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·绵阳市第二次诊断性考试]4 Ways to Be More Environmentally Friendly DailyOften, we may not think our lifestyle is that harmful to nature. __1__. Here are some of the tips that can help you learn how to be environmentally friendly in your daily life.Reevaluate Your Current LifestyleBefore you can begin your green living lifestyle, you will need to take a good look at what you currently do in your daily life. __2__. And take a look at ways you can introduce eco­friendly products into your routine. Consider, for example, your bathroom and the products you use in this room. This includes toilet paper, your cleaning supplies, your makeup, etc. For each room you evaluate, create a list of possible changes you could make with regard to being environmentally friendly.__3__One of the easiest ways to help with your green living project is to limit your use of plastic. This includes not purchasing plastic water bottles and using a reusable one, a very easy change to make, as well as limiting your plastic bag use at the supermarket by bringing in your own reusable bags.Reduce Products Full of ChemicalsUnfortunately, chemicals are in so many of the products we use. In some cases, we can get rid of the chemicals that affect us and the environment by making our own products. Therefore, clean supplies with a simple mixture of vinegar, water, lemon juice and some essential oils which are all natural. It will give you a great clean! __4__. You can limit the chemicals that enter your world, too.Consider Your Carbon FootprintYou can lower your carbon footprint by focusing on a few environmental changes. Consider biking, walking, public transportation in place of your car whenever you can. Take shorter showers, use less electricity and so on. __5__.A．Say No to PlasticB．Bring Your Own BagsC．Go through each room in your houseD．It can also show that you're environmentally consciousE.The things in our house may be friendly to the ecosystemF．However, there are ways to make it better for the environmentG．These tricks also help reduce your bill, a win­win if you ask meⅢ.语法填空[2022·合肥市质量检测]Effective measures such as building a botanic garden and a fish breeding (繁殖) station 1.________ (take) to protect the biodiversity (生物多样性) in China's southwestern Baihetan Dam area so far. As the world's second­largest hydropower project, the Baihetan Dam began generating power on June 28, 2021. Among the top concerns about the dam 2.________ (be) the biodiversity in the local region. But many local residents believe that worry is unnecessary.Ever since experts and engineers got down to 3.________ (construct) the Baihetan Dam, local villagers like Lv Jicheng have been signing up to help take care of a wide range of 4.________ (plant). “The local birds and fish have also been well protected throughout the entire process of dam building，” said Lv.Chen Yang，a local official, said a lot of work had been done 5.________ (preserve) the environment, especially the biodiversity in the area. “We built a botanic garden 6.________ aim is to provide a home for trees more than 100 years old transplanted from the area which will be flooded，” said Chen. “We have also built a fish breeding station and established a fish collection system that moves fish 7.________ the lower side of the dam to the upper side.”The works will continue down the road. Chen said he and his colleagues would carry on scientific research work on ecological restoration, including soil 8.________(improve) on high and steep slopes, which would be 9.________ (high) significant for the dry­hot valley regions and the entire Jinsha River Basin in 10.________ long run.    情景2　人类命运共同体Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自然——保护环境——回收炸薯片袋做睡袋【语篇解读】　本文讲述了26岁的Eradajere Oleita利用回收的炸薯片袋为无家可归人士制作睡袋的事迹。1．答案与解析：D　推断。根据第一段中的“she may have a partial solution for two of our country's long­standing problems: garbage and poverty. It's called The Chip Bag Project”可以推断出，The Chip Bag Project旨在保护环境并减少贫困，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：A　理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“asking a favor of local snack lovers...donate them so she can turn them into sleeping bags”可知，Oleita通过求助爱吃炸薯片的人把空的炸薯片袋捐给他们来获得制作睡袋的原材料，故A项正确。3．答案与解析：D　理解词汇。根据画线词后的“that would otherwise be abandoned in the trash”可知，如果不这么做这些袋子会被丢入垃圾堆里。因此，画线词的意思应该与“被丢弃”相反，故D项“回收利用”与画线词意义接近。4．答案与解析：A　推断。根据文章内容可知，Oleita把炸薯片袋回收制成睡袋，这说明Oleita非常有创造力；再根据第三段中的“We are committed to making an impact”可以看出，Oleita是一个专注的人。故A项正确。B语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——非洲的绿色长城【语篇解读】　大雨、干旱、野火和山体滑坡导致非洲萨赫勒地区生存条件恶劣，为此非洲联盟宣布在2030年之前在该地区建立一个15千米宽、8 000千米长的绿化带。5．答案与解析：A　理解具体信息。根据第二段的“The GGW is...for African people”可知，打造绿色长城项目旨在改善非洲当地的生态环境。6．答案与解析：D　理解具体信息。通读第三段可知，建成绿色长城后，到2030年总共将有1亿公顷的土地被恢复，将收集2.5亿吨二氧化碳，为农村地区创造1 000万个就业机会。由此可知，第三段提及的数据说明了该项计划的预期收益。7．答案与解析：B　推断。根据最后一段“Elvis Paul Tangem”所说的话“We had few...was a priority”可知，“Elvis Paul Tangem”认为他们没有足够的资金来推动这项计划；投资者中存在怀疑，他们不理解这个项目；非洲国家自己也存在怀疑，他们需要时间来弄清楚GGW是否是优先项目。由此可推知，“Elvis Paul Tangem”很担心该计划。8．答案与解析：B　推断。通读第四段可知，从整体来看这个项目还有很长的路要走；根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的一份现状报告，大约400万公顷的退化土地已经恢复，这意味着，实现1亿公顷目标的进展仅为4%。由此可推知，绿色长城项目的进展比较缓慢。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——环保——四种日常环保策略【语篇解读】　本文介绍了四种日常环保方法。1．答案与解析：F　“we may not think our lifestyle is that harmful to nature”与F项之间为转折关系，“Here are some...your daily life”承接F项而来。综上可知，F项填在此处能起到承上启下的作用。2．答案与解析：C　C项“Go through each room in your house”与下文中的“Consider, for example, your bathroom...in this room”和“For each room you evaluate...”相照应，故本空应填C项。3．答案与解析：A　空格下面段落中的“limit your use of plastic”、“not purchasing plastic water bottles”和“limiting your plastic bag use”与A项“Say No to Plastic”相吻合，故本空填A项。4．答案与解析：D　空前句子中的it指代的是“a simple mixture of vinegar, water...”，该句子从功能上对“a simple mixture of vinegar, water...”进行了说明。很明显D项其实是对“a simple mixture of vinegar, water...”的进一步说明，D项中的It指代的也是“a simple mixture of vinegar, water...”。综上可知，本空填D项。5．答案与解析：G　G项中的These tricks指的是“biking, walking, public transportation in place of your car whenever you can”和“Take shorter showers, use less electricity and so on”，G项道出了这些做法的额外好处，故本空填G项。Ⅲ.语法填空语篇类型：新闻报道　主题语境：人与自然——保护生物多样性——白鹤滩大坝的生态环境保护【语篇解读】　自白鹤滩大坝开建以来，人们一直担心生态环境遭到破坏，其实政府部门已采取了诸如建设植物园和养鱼站等有效措施来保护其生态环境且这些措施效果良好。1．答案与解析：have been taken　根据“so far”可知，该句用现在完成时；主语Effective measures为复数，与动词take之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。所以填have been taken。2．答案与解析：is　该句为倒装语序，主语为the biodiversity，是单数；该句陈述的是现状，故用一般现在时。所以填is。3．答案与解析：constructing　get down to...意为“开始……”，其中to为介词，后接动名词作宾语。4．答案与解析：plants　plant为可数名词，根据a wide range of可知，应用复数形式。5．答案与解析：to preserve　动词不定式表示目的。该处表示已经做了很多工作来保护环境，表示目的，故用动词不定式。6．答案与解析：whose　分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a botanic garden，空处和名词aim之间为所属关系，故填whose。7．答案与解析：from　from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。8．答案与解析：improvement　介词后接名词，根据介词including可知，空处用名词形式。9．答案与解析：highly　副词修饰形容词，空处修饰形容词significant，故用副词形式。10．答案与解析：the　in the long run为固定搭配，意为“从长远来看”。