压轴题09 特殊句式-2023年中考英语压轴题专项训练（全国通用）

压轴题09 特殊句式

题型/考向一：部分倒装、完全倒装

题型/考向二：强调句

题型/考向三: 省略句

考向1 部分倒装

即将主语与助动词倒置，其结构与一般疑问句大致相同。英语中构成部分倒装的主要情形有：

1. 含否定意义的词(如never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。

Hardly had she begun speaking when there was a knock on the door. 她刚开始说话就听到了敲门声。

Little do we know his life. 我们对他的生活了解得很少。

By no means should you tell him about it. 你绝不要告诉他这事。

2. only加状语（副词/介词短语/从句）放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。

Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。

Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时他才知道出了什么事。

3. so (neither, nor)表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so (neither, nor) + 助动词 + 主语”这样的倒装句式。如：

He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌，我也会。

He didn't see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。

She is very beautiful and so was her mother when she was young.

她很漂亮，她妈妈年轻时也很漂亮。

4.当虚拟条件句含有were, should, had时，可省略if, 将were，should, had 置干句首。

Were I Tom(= If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。

Had I realized that(= If I had realized that), I would have done something.

我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动。

5. so... that结构中，将SO + adj. (adv. )置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序。

So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好待在家里。

So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。

完全倒装

即将谓语移到主语前。英语中构成完全倒装的情形主要有：

1. 以here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头的句子，且句子主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。

Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。

Now comes your turn. 现在该你了。

Then came a new difficulty. 然后又产生了一个新的困难。

The door opened and in came Mr Li. 门开了，李先生走了进来。

2. 将表语和地点状语（多为介词短语）置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用倒装语序。

Among them was my friend Jim. 他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。

Around the lake are some tall trees. 湖的四周有些高树。

考向二 强调句

（一）强调句型

 1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。

 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

 2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

 3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？

 e.g. When and where was it that you were born?

 4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

 强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

 强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

 强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

 强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

 5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

（二）not … until … 句型的强调句

 1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分

 e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

  强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

 2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

（三）谓语动词的强调

 1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。

 e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。

  He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

  Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

 2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。

考向三 省略句

为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可省略。省略可分以下几种情况：

（一）简单句中的省略

 1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略。其它省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。

 e.g. (I) Thank you for your help.（括号内为省略的词语，下同）

  (I) see you tomorrow.   (It) Doesn’t matter.

 2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。

 e.g. (There is) No smoking. (Is there) Anything wrong? Why (do you) not say hello to him?

 3、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。

 e.g. ---- Are you going there?  ---- I’d like to (go there).

  He did not give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance).

 注意：如果该宾语是be动词或完成时态，则须在to之后加上be或have。

 e.g. ---- Are you an engineer?   ---- No, but I want to be.

  ---- He hasn’t finished the task yet.   ---- Well, he ought to have.

 4、省略表语。

 e.g. ---- Are you thirsty?   ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).

 5、同时省略几个成分。

 e.g. Let’s meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.

  ---- Have you finished your work?   ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.

（二）并列句中的省略

 两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。

 e.g. My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.

  I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.

（三）主从复合句中的省略

 1、主句中有一些成分被省略。

 e.g. (I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill.

  (It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.

 2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或that）代替。

 e.g. ---- Is he coming back tonight?   ---- I think so.

  ---- Is he feeling better today?   ---- I’m afraid not.

 这种用法常见的有：How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so 及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。（但I don’t think so比I think not更常用）。

（四）其它省略

 1、连词that的省略：

①、宾语从句中常省略连词that，但也有不能省略的情况（参看“名词性从句”等有关部分）。

 ②、在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。

 ③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。

 2、不定式符号to的省略

 ①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。

 e.g. I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.

②、某些使役动词（如let, make, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等）后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。

e.g. ---- I saw the boy fall from the tree.  ---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree.

③、介词but前若有动词do，后面的不定式不带to。

e.g. The boy did nothing but play.

3、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去“主语 + be”部分。（参看“状语从句”有关部分）

4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序有变化（参见“倒装句”有关部分）

5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。

e.g. The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).

1．（2023·安徽合肥·校考一模）—Oh, dear. You have stepped on my foot.

—Oh, ________. I’m terribly sorry.

A．so have I B．so did I C．so I have D．so I do

2．（2023·全国·九年级专题练习）—I’ve never been to Disneyland, in Shanghai, Judy.  

—________

A．So have I. B．Neither have I. C．Neither am I. D．So I have

3．（2023·江苏徐州·统考一模）—I felt very sorry that I heard an earthquake took place in Turkey on 6 February.

—________.

A．So did I B．So I did C．Neither I did D．Neither did I

4．（2023·江苏南京·模拟预测）—Keven has made up his mind to continue with his dream job.

—________ and ________.

A．So he has; so have I B．So has he; so have I C．So he has; so I have D．So has he; so I have

5．（2023·浙江温州·模拟预测）—The boy’s made so many mistakes in this paper.

—It’s OK. ________. This paper is very difficult.

A．So have other students B．So do other students

C．Neither has other students D．Neither have other students

6．（2022秋·山东青岛·九年级统考期末）—Jim studies English very hard.

— ________

A．So Tim does. B．So does Tim. C．So Tim is. D．So is Tim.

7．（2022·吉林长春·东北师大附中校考模拟预测）—You’ve left the light on, Mary.

— ________. I’ll go and turn it off.

A．So I have B．Neither do I C．Neither have I D．So have I

8．（2022·重庆·二模）I don’t care whether Tom will attend the meeting tomorrow, ________ my boss.

A．so does B．so will C．neither does D．neither will

9．（2022春·江苏苏州·九年级校考开学考试）—Will your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday?

—If you don’t go, _________.

A．so does he B．so will he

C．neither will he D．neither does he

10．（2022·江西吉安·统考模拟预测）—It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?

—Yes. ________ yesterday.

A．So was it B．So it was C．So it is D．So is it

11．（2022·甘肃定西·统考二模）—I think you are different now.

—Of course, times have changed and ________.

A．so I have B．so have I C．neither I have D．neither have I

12．（2022·甘肃天水·校考模拟预测）—Bob’s gone to Xi’an.

—________ his parents.

A．So has B．So have C．Nor has D．Neither have

13．（2022·甘肃金昌·校考二模）—I didn’t go anywhere last summer holiday. How boring!

—________. But I’m going somewhere for a holiday this summer.

A．So did I B．Neither did I C．So I did D．Neither I did

14．（2022春·江苏无锡·九年级校联考期中）—I felt very sorry that I heard China Eastern Airlines MU 5735 crashed on 21 March.

— ________ .

A．So did I B．So I did C．Neither I did D．Neither did I

15．（2022秋·重庆梁平·九年级统考期末）—Lisa has made great progress in Chinese.

—________. She passed the Chinese exam yesterday.

A．So has she B．So she does C．So does she D．So she has

16．（2022·甘肃酒泉·校考模拟预测）—Tom has made great progress in English recently.

—________. He has been studying so hard these days.

A．So he has B．So has he C．So he does D．So does he

17．（2022秋·北京西城·九年级北师大实验中学校考期中）Jerry stayed up late last night. ________ he was sleepy in the class.

A．No problem B．No idea C．No wonder D．No matter

18．（2022春·江苏常州·九年级常州市第二十四中学校考期中）—I have never watched the film Hello Mom! What about you?

— ________ I am busy preparing for my job interview. How about watching it together next weekend?

A．Me too B．Me neither C．I hope so D．I am afraid so

19．（2022·四川泸州·校考一模）— I’m sorry, sir. I can’t finish the work on time.

— Never mind. ________, the work is quite difficult.

A．At least B．For instance

C．After all D．First of all

20．（2022·江苏南京·统考二模）— Congratulations! You get full marks in the listening and speaking test.

— Hooray! ________, I am worrying about it these days.

A．What’s more B．To be honest C．Above all D．In my opinion

21．（2023·甘肃白银·校考一模）—Would you like to go shopping with me, mum?

—If dad doesn’t go, ______.

A．neither do I B．so do I C．neither will I D．so will I

22．（2023·江苏南京·模拟预测）Tom and I belong to a team. If he doesn’t agree on the plan, ________.

A．neither do I B．neither I will C．nor do I D．neither will I

23．（2023·安徽合肥·统考一模）—Wang Hong speaks English very well.

—_______. She can talk with Americans freely.

A．So she does B．So does she C．Neither she does D．Neither does she

24．（2022·甘肃定西·模拟预测）—Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.

—_________.The weather is pleasant.

A．So it is B．So is it

C．So it does. D．So does it

25．（2023·江苏无锡·校考一模）A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________.

A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit

26．（2022秋·吉林长春·九年级统考期末）It’s impolite to make noise while ________ noodles in some country.

A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate

27．（2022·山东滨州·统考一模）Director Zhang Yimou said, “All Chinese people have a strong sense of pride and love for our country and ________.”

A．neither do I B．so I do C．so do I D．neither I do

28．（2022·江苏常州·校联考一模）— Will you go to the party with us tonight?

— I’m not sure. If Sandy doesn’t go, _________.

A．so do I B．neither will I C．So will I D．neither do I

29．（2022·新疆乌鲁木齐·统考一模）— My younger brother Frank prefers to be clean and tidy.

—________ and ________.

A．So he does; so do I B．So does he; so do I

C．So he does; so I do D．So does he; so I do

30．（2023·西藏拉萨·校考模拟预测）He is a doctor. ________ am I.

A．Such B．So C．Neither D．Nor