2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高二下学期月考英语试卷(3月份)含解析
展开2022-2023学年山东省烟台市高二(下)月考英语试卷(3月份)
学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
题号
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总分
得分
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题)
一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)
A
Etiquette (礼仪) For Teens Aged 13-18
Provide your teen with that "edge" that will help them succeed in life and make for successful adulthood!
In today's fast-paced digital world teens are no longer having face-to-face interactions with others.When presented with an unfamiliar social situation,they may feel uncomfortable,and therefore they may choose to avoid socializing.
Our two-day workshop will give them a solid foundation of etiquette and manners as well as help prepare your teen for the many new social and business situations they will face as young adults.It will provide them with the self-confidence,enthusiasm,and motivation that are essential as they move into the next phase of their lives.The following topics will be covered in the two-day workshop.
Day One
Proper Introductions-Handshakes&Eye Contact-Body Language-The Art Of Small Talk-How To Speak In The Right Tone With Clarity-Leadership-Qualities-How To Make A Positive First Impression
Be The Perfect Guest-Invitations&Thank-You Notes-Social Networking-Dating
Etiquette-Common Courtesies In Public Places
Day Two
Table Skills&Dining Manners-The Informal/Formal Place Setting-American/Continental Dining-Proper Use Of Dining Utensils (用具)-Eating Various Foods-Seating A Lady At The Table-Tipping Guidelines
Interviewing Tips For College&Job Interviews-Dressing The Part-Be A Good Listener-Interview Follow-Up Calls&Thank-You Notes-Grooming (打扮)&Skin Care-The Graduation Celebration
Fee:$ 285.00,including snacks,the certificate,and workbooks
Date:Jan.5&6
Time:8:00am-4:00pm
Registration closes at:11:59pm Dec.29
Invite a friend to apply for the workshop and you can receive a $10.00 credit toward your course fee.If you are interested in joining the two-day workshop,fill out our application form online.
1. What's the two-day workshop mainly intended to do? ______
A. Help teens know themselves.
B. Provide teens with survival skills.
C. Motivate teens to study efficiently.
D. Assist teens in learning social skills.
2. What will teens learn on the first day? ______
A. How to behave at table. B. How to chat with someone.
C. How to tip others properly. D. How to prepare for an interview.
3. How much will Green pay if he invites a friend to the workshop? ______
A. $295.00. B. $285.00. C. $275.00. D. $265.00.
B
Growing up in Havana,Cuba,Mario Garcia was a well-known child actor.He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set.It began with a chance encounter.Mario had been sitting on a bench outside a studio in Havana,waiting while his father and his band were performing.
Suddenly,someone approached him and said, "We are trying to test for this commercial. " So he got up and had an audition (试境).Even with no acting experience,it quickly felt like a natural career path.From the commercial,he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.
But a revolution came and in its wake,his career was broken off.Mario was 15 when he had to fly to America as a refugee (难民).He landed in Miami,where he went to live with his aunt and uncle while his parents stayed in Cuba.They joined him in Miami about a year later.
Mario clearly recalled the day he left:Feb.28,1962.He was in high school that first year in Florida.It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language,no parents and going to school.He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter.He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron.But Mario's optimism never failed him.He went on to earn his Ph.D.in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.
He currently teaches journalism at Columbia University.Still,he said, "I'm not giving up on getting a good part in a movie. " Mario's latest acting job was as an extra in the new musical drama film In the Heights.He continues to audition for new roles.
4. What do we know about Mario's early acting career?
A. It had something to do with good luck.
B. It arose from his passion for acting.
C. It didn't arouse his interest in art at all.
D. It was driven by his urge to achieve fame.
5. What happened to Mario on February 28,1962?
A. He involved himself in a revolution.
B. He failed to join his family in Miami.
C. He gave up his acting career completely.
D. He had to start a new life in America.
6. What can be learned about Mario's first year in Florida?
A. It was full of stories but interesting.
B. It was painful but ended in success.
C. It was hard and challenging for Mario.
D. It was a blow to Mario and his family.
7. What message does Mario's story mainly convey?
A. Ups and downs make one strong.
B. An optimistic man can stick it out.
C. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
D. Experience helps to promote excellence.
C
From the top of Mount Qomolangma to the bottom of the Mariana Trench,plastic continues to pollute the environment,and it creates a significant threat to all life forms on Earth.Despite knowing the effects of plastic pollution,we have not been able to ban the use of plastic products.Now,thanks to the invention of a 17-year-old girl,Arora,we finally have a better choice.This plastic-like material is made from prawn (大虾) shells,and it breaks down 1.5 million times faster than most of the commercial plastic products we use today.
The Australian teen first became aware of the impact of plastic waste on the environment when shopping with her mother.She wondered why her mother had to pay for the plastic bags.When asked,the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it.This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one.
But the journey of inventing "eco-friendly plastic" was not easy.She experimented with a number of organic materials such as cornflour and banana peels,both of which had to be ruled out because of their solubility (溶解性).One night,while having dinner,she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky.She immediately went to the lab to research.Later,she would describe that dinner as her "Eureka" moment.
She extracted the material called "chitin" from the shells and then mixed it with an insoluble protein called "fibroin",which is found in silk cocoons.Using the combination of these two organic materials,Arora created a plastic-like material that breaks down completely within just 33 days.Moreover,this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down,which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer.
Arora's invention has caused a stir,and she has won a number of awards.As an inspiring young woman,Arora wants to make a difference in the world,and she wants to encourage other young people to follow their passion and make a positive difference however they can.
8. What inspired Arora to create a kind of special plastic?
A. A cashier's words about paid plastic bags.
B. Her determination to protect the prawns.
C. A class about plastic's impact on the planet.
D. Her plan to save money on plastic products.
9. What could be a "Eureka" moment?
A. A moment of needing reflection.
B. A moment of finding the truth.
C. A moment of having sudden inspiration.
D. A moment of enjoying the celebration.
10. What can be known about the new plastic in paragraph 4?
A. It is made from non-organic materials.
B. It can break down totally in a month.
C. It can be used to help plants to grow.
D. It is extracted from an insoluble protein.
11. Which of the following can best describe Arora?
A. Brave and clever. B. Creative and inspiring.
C. Active and considerate. D. Humorous and friendly.
D
Even as self-driving cars become more and more popular,there's one problem that Silicon Valley hasn't solved:the traffic jam.But Airbus Group,a U.S.aeronautics and space company,thinks that it has a solution.The company's Silicon Valley branch recently announced it's been working on a secret project titled "Vahana",an autonomous flying vehicle that can be used for both passenger and cargo (货物)transport.
Airbus' flying taxi resembles a drone in design,and would use multiple propellers(螺旋桨)to travel medium-length distances.Developers in France and Germany are working on an electrically operated platform that would allow the flying taxi to carry multiple passengers once between city destinations.Currently,no countries allow completely autonomous aerial vehicles,so the vehicle would initially be manned by a pilot.
Flight tests of the first Vahana prototype (原型)are planned,in the hope of bringing the product to consumers quickly.That's about a decade sooner than another future-travel system Hyperloop One.
"I'm no big fan of Star Wars,but it's not crazy to imagine that one day our big cities will have flying cars making their way along roads in the sky," says Airbus Group CEO Tom Enders. "In a not too distant future,we'll use our smartphones to book a fully automated flying taxi that will land outside our front door - without any pilot."
But before you get too excited about beating rush-hour traffic,it's worth noting that the company has a lot of technological kinks to work out before the product is ready to test.The same sensor technology that allows self-driving cars to avoid accidents doesn't exist for aerial vehicles.Airbus Group isn't the only company trying to get in the autonomous air transportation game.There are a number of cargo drone companies on the market and the Ehang 184,a Chinese passenger drone,began flight testing in June.
12. Why does the present flying taxi have to be manned? ______
A. It makes urban planning hard. B. It makes future traffic busy.
C. It's not legally permitted. D. It may cause accidents.
13. What is Tom Enders's attitude towards the project? ______
A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Disapproving. D. Uncaring.
14. What does the underlined word "kinks" in paragraph 5 mean? ______
A. Barriers. B. Strategies. C. Solutions. D. Means.
15. What's the best title of the text? ______
A. A Solution to Worldwide Traffic Jams
B. Airbus Joins the Air Transportation Game
C. Airbus Will Make Flying Taxis a Reality
D. A Bright Future of Flying Vehicles
二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)
Reading poetry can be challenging, but learning how to carefully move through a poem is also very rewarding.(1) ______ But, by following the tips below, anyone can have the deeply rewarding experience of connecting to a great poem.
Sound abounds (有许多).Poetry is made to be heard.You're probably familiar with rhyming poems:roses are red, violets are blue…but there are many sound elements that poets use not only to make the poem sound beautiful, but to enhance the meaning or intention of a poem.(2) ______ What do you notice about how it sounds? How does the sound enhance an overall theme, mood, or message?
( 3) ______ Many poems may use words or reference places or times in history that may be unfamiliar to you.Be curious enough to look up all the words and references that you're unfamiliar with.You should also gather information about the poet, what was happening in their lives, and what was going on in the world around them.All of these can offer essential context to bring the poem to life.
Analyze the figurative (比喻的) language in the poem.Figurative language could be words that are repeated often in the poem or words that rhyme in each stanza (节).To get more into the figurative meaning of the poem, you should look at how the poet us literary devices like metaphor,simile, and imagery.(4) ______
Finally, you don't have to understand it to engage with it and enjoy it. If you like the way a poem sounds when you read it aloud, but don't know what it "means," that's OK!(5) ______ The great thing about art is that it can have lots of different meanings or seemingly no meaning at all and can still be enjoyed.The same goes for poetry.
A.Curiosity kills the confusion.
B.Look up the words you do not understand.
C.They are often used to add deeper meaning to the poem.
D.Maybe it makes sense in a way that you can't necessarily express.
E.Once you find a poem that interests you, read it out loud several times.
F.You should also pay attention to how the poet opens and closes the poem.
G.Unlike painting and music, poetry requires a little extra effort to harvest its full effects.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,共15.0分)
After a long time of struggling with lung cancer,my father passed away,due to which,my life (21)a lot after my father's death.As the eldest son in my family,I took the responsibility of raising the family.In order to (22)my sick mother and two younger brothers,I couldn't help but (23)school and work to support my family.It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time.However,a thread of hope flashed in those (24)days.It was a rainy dusk when I exposed myself to the rain and walked in the street.
Suddenly the rain stopped! (25),I looked up,only to find that "the sky" was in fact a dark blue umbrella.Then came a deep voice. "Why not run (26)an umbrella?" A middleaged man with one leg on crutch (腋杖) said to me, "run" in the rain,and you will get less wet.I shook my head with politeness,but his words shocked me deeply.Without my father's (27),could I only be a slave to the fate (命运)?
While walking together in the rain,I knew he was a promoter from the city.Having received an order from his company,he had to spend (28)time on it.Looking at this guy,I had no sympathy but (29).I took the umbrella from his hand and walked with him all the way.He told me he once had dreamed of being a policeman,but an accident (30)his dream.His present work was demanding and was not his cup of tea,however,every travelling was a wonderful start to him.To his happiness,he never (31)heart and still "ran" on the road of life...
(32)by what the man remarked,I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative.After two years' running,I got (33)and the life condition in my family (34)better gradually.
Everything is so simple:to run without an umbrella!Only when you (35)the rainy season of your life will there be bright sky ahead of you.Never give up!
21. A. affected B. suffered C. damaged D. managed
22. A. take care B. attend to C. watch out D. bring up
23. A. desert B. stop C. quit D. dismiss
24. A. bright B. white C. colorful D. dark
25. A. Interested B. Confused C. Excited D. Disappointed
26. A. with B. without C. for D. to
27. A. praise B. comfort C. protection D. attention
28. A. much B. no C. little D. some
29. A. admiration B. envy C. appreciation D. care
30. A. defeated B. damaged C. ruined D. wiped
31. A. lost B. took C. changed D. gathered
32. A. Amused B. Terrified C. Encouraged D. Shocked
33. A. my way B. my start C. my end D. my future
34. A. turned out B. worked out C. carried out D. turned into
35. A. run into B. run across C. run away with D. run out of
第II卷(非选择题)
四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)
36. Trade is a very important way for any country to earn money and create jobs. People and countries have traded for thousands of years, but in today's(1) ______ (globe) economy, information, goods and money can be moved around the world at(2) ______ unbelievable speed. Companies aim to make the best product at the(3) ______ ( low) price.
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is responsible for(4) ______ ( negotiate) international trade agreements. Most rich countries want a free trade system in(5) ______ the prices of goods are determined by the amount that people want to buy and sell. But many people believe such a system favors richer countries like the USA and Japan and want the WTO to be reformed. They argue that world trade must(6) ______ ( manage) so the poorest countries benefit more.(7) ______ other words, they want world trade to become "fair trade".
Fair trade is trade that is good for the producer, a system that ensures more of the price consumers pay(8) ______ ( go) to the producer. Fair trade staff would be paid a fair wage, have good working conditions and be allowed(9) ______ ( form) trade unions to defend their rights.
Fair trade campaigns, such as the Clean Clothes Campaign (CCC), have drawn(10) ______ (attend) to the working conditions of workers all around the world.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达(本大题共2小题,共40.0分)
37. 假定你是校学生会主席李华,你校将举行以可持续发展(sustainable development)为主题的英语演讲比赛,请给外教Caroline写一封电子邮件,邀请她担任比赛的评委。
内容包括:
1.比赛的时间和地点;
2.比赛的内容和目的。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.请按如下格式写在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline,
_________
Yours Sincerely, Li Hua
38. My husband,Donald,took our daughter Sarah out for some ice cream the night before driving her to college.As they were walking back to the car,they saw a young man sitting on the ground and giving his puppy a cone.
"A cute dog," Donald said as they walked by. "A free dog," the young man replied.Donald asked him what he meant by that and the man explained.He was moving away from Vermont and did not think the travel would be good for the dog.He had raised her from a small puppy.The man said she was a 6-month-old cross between the Doberman and the Labrador named Rhubarb.Donald took his phone number.The rest,as they say,is history.
Rhubarb was a sweet dog and very friendly and loved everyone.Whenever someone came to the house,she was always happy.She also got along with Willie,an older Samoyed we had.Willie was not well and died about a year later,but,fortunately,Rhubarb's company helped him keep going for longer than that if he had been alone.But the interesting thing about Rhubarb was that she never barked.She would sometimes get excited when she saw a chipmunk (花栗鼠) and make a little crying sound.
One hot night when she was about 4 years old,we went to bed with the windows open and the doors unlocked.At about 3 a.m.,I woke up to the sound of Rhubarb barking.I woke Donald and we got out of bed.
Rhubarb was coming toward us.We turned on the lights and noticed the door to the kitchen was open.Then we saw the door leading into the house from the garage was also open.We quickly locked all the doors,and we did not get any sleep that night.It was deep into the night,so we didn't call the police.
Paragraph 1:
The next day we noticed there was cigarette ash on the floor.__________
Paragraph 2:
My purse was right next to the door.__________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】D、B、C
【解析】(1)D.推理判断题。根据第二段"In today's fast-paced digital world teens are no longer having face-to-face interactions with others.When presented with an unfamiliar social situation,they may feel uncomfortable,and therefore they may choose to avoid socializing.(在当今快节奏的数字世界里,青少年不再与他人进行面对面的互动。当面对一个不熟悉的社交场合时,他们可能会感到不舒服,因此他们可能会选择避免社交)"以及第三段"Our two-day workshop will give them a solid foundation of etiquette and manners as well as help prepare your teen for the many new social and business situations they will face as young adults.It will provide them with the self-confidence,enthusiasm,and motivation that are essential as they move into the next phase of their lives.(我们为期两天的研讨会将给他们提供一个坚实的礼仪和礼仪基础,同时帮助你的孩子为他们即将面对的许多新的社会和商业环境做好准备。它将为他们提供自信、热情和动力,这些是他们进入生命的下一个阶段所必需的。)可推知,为期两天的研讨会的主要目的是帮助青少年学习社交技能。故选D.
(2)B.细节理解题。根据Day One部分中"Proper Introductions-Handshakes & Eye Contact -Body Language- The Art Of Small Talk- -How To Speak In The Right Tone With Clarity-Leadership-Qualities -How To Make A Positive First Impression(恰当的介绍---握手和眼神接触---肢体语言---闲谈的艺术---如何用正确的语调清晰地说话---领导才能---如何给人留下积极的第一印象。)可知,青少年在研讨会第一天会学到如何与某人聊天。故选B.
(3)C.细节理解题。根据"Fee:285.00,including snacks,the certificate,and workbooks(费用:285,包括零食、证书和练习册。)以及最后一段中"Invite a friend to apply for the workshop and you can receive a 10.00 credit toward your course fee(邀请一个朋友来申请研讨会,你可以得至10的课程费用优惠)可知,如果Green邀请一个朋友参加研讨会,他应该付285-10=275美元。故选C.
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个为期两天的帮助青少年学习社交技能的研讨会,介绍了费用、时间等信息。
考查广告布告类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文,把握大意,然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
4~7.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】(1)A.推理判断题。根据第一段的He was about 10 years old the first time he ever stepped on the set.It began with a chance encounter.(他第一次踏上片场大约是在10岁的时候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)和第二段Suddenly,someone approached him and said, "We are trying to test for this commercial. " So he got up and had an audition (试境).Even with no acting experience,it quickly felt like a natural career path.From the commercial,he went on to be on TV series and a movie and all that.(突然,有人走近他说:"我们正在试拍这个广告。"于是他起身去试镜。即使没有任何表演经验,我也很快觉得这是一条很自然的职业道路。从广告开始,他又出演了电视剧和电影等等。)可知,马里奥在毫无经验时,偶然获得了一个试镜机会,开启了他的职业生涯,由此可知,马里奥早期的演艺生涯是有点好运的。故选A。
(2)D.细节理解题。根据第四段的Mario clearly recalled the day he left:Feb.28,1962.He was in high school that first year in Florida.It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language,no parents and going to school.(马里奥清楚地记得他离开的那一天:1962年2月28日。他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡,没有语言,没有父母,还要上学,这是一个挑战。)可知,马里奥在1962年2月28日这一天要开始独立在美国开始新生活,故选D。
(3)C.推理判断题。根据第四段的He was in high school that first year in Florida.It was a challenge living in a foreign country with no language,no parents and going to school.He had to go from being an actor to being a waiter.He always went to an alley behind the restaurant and sat on a wooden box and dried the tears with his apron.(他在佛罗里达读高中的第一年。生活在异国他乡,没有语言,没有父母,还要上学,这是一个挑战。他不得不从一个演员变成一个服务员。他总是走到餐馆后面的一条巷子里,坐在一个木箱子上,用围裙擦干眼泪。)可知,在美国第一年的生活对马里奥来说非常困难且具有挑战性。故选C。
(4)B.推理判断题。根据第四段的But Mario's optimism never failed him.He went on to earn his Ph.D.in Spanish language and literature from the University of Miami.(但马里奥的乐观从未将他打败。后来,他在迈阿密大学获得了西班牙语和文学博士学位。)可知,乐观的马里奥在非常困难且具有挑战性的情况下可以坚持并取得成功,由此可知,马里奥的故事主要传达了一个道理:乐观的人能坚持到底。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一位明星马里奥加西亚,偶然获得一次试镜机会开启演艺生涯的故事,在这个过程中他经历了很多艰难困苦,但乐观的马里奥没有被打败并获得了成功。
1.直接信息题:直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息,选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题:间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息,但在语言表达上与原文有差异,做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题:综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话,可能是原文的几句话,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析,而不能断章取义。
8~11.【答案】A、C、C、B
【解析】(1)A.细节理解题。根据第二段的"When asked,the cashier informed her how plastic hurts the planet and that the additional charge was there to encourage people not to use it.This inspired Arora to create a kind of plastic that would break down faster than the conventional one."当被问到时,收银员告诉她塑料对地球有多大的伤害,而且额外的收费是为了鼓励人们不要使用塑料。这激发了Arora创造出一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。可知,收银员关于付费塑料袋的话激发了Arora创造一种特殊塑料袋的灵感。故选A.
(2)C.推理判断题。根据第三段的"One night,while having dinner,she noticed that the shells of prawns look plasticky.She immediately went to the lab to research.Later,she would describe that dinner as her "Eureka" moment. "有天晚上吃晚饭的时候,她注意到虾壳看起来像塑料,她立马去实验室进行了研究。后来,她把那顿晚餐形容为她的 "Eureka" 时刻。可知, "Eureka" 时刻是她突然产生灵感的时刻。故选C.
(3)C.细节理解题。根据第四段的"Moreover,this plastic releases nitrogen when breaking down,which is why it can be used as plant fertilizer."这种塑料在分解的时候可以释放氮元素,这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料。可知,这种新塑料可以帮助植物生长。故选C.
(4)B.推理判断题。从全文内容可知,Arora 发明了可快速分解的类似塑料的材料,故她是有创造力的;又根据最后一段她对青少年的激励可推知,Arora 是鼓舞人心的。A.Brave and clever勇敢和聪明的;B.Creative and inspiring有创造性和鼓舞人心的;C.Active and considerate积极体贴的;D.Humorous and friendly幽默而友好的。故选B.
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了17岁的女孩Arora为了保护环境并减少塑料污染发明了类似塑料的材料。它是由虾壳制成的,它的分解速度比我们今天使用的大多数商业塑料产品快150万倍。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、C
【解析】(1)C.推理判断题。根据第二段中的Currently,no countries allow pletelyautonomous aerial vehicles,so the vehicle would initially be manned by apilot.(目前,没有国家允许完全自主的飞行器,所以飞行器最初将由飞行员驾驶。)可知,目前没有一个国家允许完全自主的空中交通工具。C.It's not legally permitted.(这是不合法的)正确。故选C.
(2)B.观点态度题。根据第四段中的"I'm no big fan of Star Wars,but it's not crazy to imagine that one day our big cities will have flying cars making their way along roads in the sky," says Airbus Group CEO Tom Enders."In a not too distant future,we'll use our smartphones to book a fully automated flying taxi that will land outside our front door - without any pilot."(空中客车集团首席执行官汤姆•恩德斯表示:"我不是《星球大战》的狂热粉丝,但想象有一天我们的大城市会有飞行汽车在空中道路上行驶,这并不疯狂。""在不久的将来,我们将用智能手机预订一辆完全自动化的飞行出租车,它将在我们的前门降落--不需要任何飞行员。")可知,Tom Enders 对于自动飞行器的看法是乐观的。A.Doubtful.怀疑的;B.Positive.乐观的;C.Disapproving.不同意的;D.Uncaring.不关心的。故选B.
(3)A.词义猜测题。根据第五段中的The same sensor technology that allowsself-driving cars to avoid accidents doesn' t exist for aerial vehicles.(让自动驾驶汽车避免事故的传感器技术并不存在于飞行器上。)可知,能让和自动驾驶汽车一样避免事故的传感技术在空中交通工具上并不存在,还有很多技术问题需要解决。所以kinks在文中意为"问题;障碍"。A.Barriers.障碍;B.Strategies.策略;C.Solutions.解决方案;D.Means.手段。故选A.
(4)C.标题判断题。本文主要讲述了美国空中客车集团正在研究可以同时用于客运和货运的自动飞行器。C.Airbus Will Make Flying Taxis a Reality(空中客车将使飞行出租车成为现实)为最佳标题。故选C.
本文是一篇说明文。尽管无人驾驶汽车越来越受欢迎,但还有一个问题没有解决:交通堵塞。为解决这一问题,美国空中客车集团(Airbus Group)正在研究可以同时用于客运和货运的自动飞行器。
做这类阅读理解,要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。
16~20.【答案】G、E、A、C、D
【解析】(1)G. 推理判断题。结合前文"Reading poetry can be challenging, but learning how to carefully move through a poem is also very rewarding."(阅读诗歌是一种挑战,但学习如何仔细阅读诗歌也是非常有益的。)后文"by following the tips below, anyone can have the deeply rewarding experience of connecting to a great poem."(按照下面的提示,任何人都可以拥有与一首伟大诗歌联系在一起的深刻体验。)可知,要体会到诗歌的益处是需要一些技巧的,所以空白处要填的为要体会到诗歌带来的好处是需要努力,才能获得它的全部效果。选项G."Unlike painting and music, poetry requires a little extra effort to harvest its full effects."(与绘画和音乐不同,诗歌需要一点额外的努力,来获得它的全部效果。)符合题意,故选G.
(2)E. 推理判断题。根据前文"Poetry is made to be heard. "(诗歌就是为了被人听见而创作的。)后文"What do you notice about how it sounds? How does the sound enhance an overall theme, mood, or message?"(你注意到它听起来怎么样了吗?声音是如何增强整个主题、情绪或信息的?)可知,此处是指你把诗歌读出来,这样你才能注意到它听起来怎么样。选项 E."Once you find a poem that interests you, read it out loud several times."(一旦你发现一首你感兴趣的诗,大声读几遍。)符合题意,故选E.
(3)A. 标题归纳题。根据下文"Be curious enough to look up all the words and references that you're unfamiliar with."(有足够的好奇心去查阅所有你不熟悉的单词和参考资料。)可知,谈到了好奇心对查阅不熟悉的单词和参考资料的意义。因而本段应围绕好奇心展开。选项A."Curiosity kills the confusion."(好奇心消除困惑。)选项中Curiosity 与段中的curious 相一致,故选A.
(4)C. 推理判断题。根据前文"To get more into the figurative meaning of the poem, you should look at how the poet use literary devices like metaphor, simile, and imagery. "(为了进一步了解这首诗的比喻意义,你应该看看诗人如何运用文学手法,比如隐喻,明喻和意象。)可知,接下来可以描述的为使用这些文学手法的意义。选项C."They are often used to add deeper meaning to the poem."(它们经常被用来为诗歌增添更深层的意义。)选项中they指代上文提到的文学手法,符合题意,故选C.
(5)D. 推理判断题。根据前文"Finally, you don't have to understand it to engage with it and enjoy it If you like the way a poem sounds when you read it aloud, but don't know what it "means," that's OK!"(最后,如果你大声朗读一首诗时喜欢它的发音,但是不知道它的"意思",没关系!)后文"The great thing about art is that it can have lots of different meanings or seemingly no meaning at all and can still be enjoyed. The same goes for poetry."(艺术的伟大之处在于,它可以有很多不同的意义,或者看起来根本没有意义,而且仍然可以被欣赏。诗歌也是一样。)可知,你不理解诗歌,也可以享受它。诗歌的意义是欣赏,在于享受。因此空白处填的内容为诗歌的意义也许在某种程度上,你无法表达出来。选项D."Maybe it makes sense in a way that you can't necessarily express."(也许在某种程度上,你无法表达出来。)符合题意,故选D.
本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了如何来体验阅读诗歌带来的好处。
技巧
①通读全文,了解文章大意;
②细读七个选项,找出和文章相对应的关键词,分析选项间的逻辑关系;
③根据文章整体结构、具体内容,结合关键词,选出最佳选项;
④将所选答案代入文中,再次通读全文,重点查看逻辑关系和关联结构是否合理。
21~35.【答案】B、B、C、D、B、B、C、A、A、C、A、C、B、A、D
【解析】(1)考查动词及语境理解。A.affected影响;B.suffered 遭受;C.damaged 损害;D.managed 管理。根据下文It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time.(在我看来,那时的生活总是很艰难。)可知作者的父亲死后,作者遭受了很多。故选B。
(2)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.take care 照顾;B.attend to 参加;C.watch out小心;D.bring up养育。根据上文As the eldest son in my family,I took the responsibility of raising the family.(作为家里的长子,我承担起了养家糊口的责任。)可知为了照顾生病的母亲和两个弟弟,作者不得不辍学工作来养家糊口。故选B。
(3)考查动词及语境理解。A.desert抛弃;B.stop 停止;C.quit放弃;D.dismiss解雇。根据下文and work to support my family.可知作者不得不辍学。故选C。
(4)考查形容词及语境理解。A.bright 明亮的;B.white 白色的;C.colorful 多彩的;D.dark 黑暗的。根据上文It seemed to me that life was always hard at that time..(在我看来,那时的生活总是很艰难。)可知然而,一线希望在那些黑暗的日子里闪过。故选D。
(5)考查形容词及语境理解。A.Interested 有兴趣的;B.Confused困惑的;C.Excited 兴奋的;D.Disappointed失望的。根据上文It was a rainy dusk when I exposed myself to the rain and walked in the street.(那是一个下着雨的黄昏,我冒着雨走在街上。)可知作者很困惑故选 B。
(6)考查介词及语境理解。A.with 和;B.without 没有;C.for 为了;D.to 到。根据句意,没有伞为什么不跑呢?故选B。
(7)考查名词及语境理解。A.praise 表扬;B.comfort 安慰;C.protection 保护;D.attention 注意。根据句意,没有父亲的保护,我只能是命运的奴隶吗?故选C。
(8)考查形容词及语境理解。A.much 多;B.no 没有;C.little少;D.some一些。根据Having received an order from his company可知他不得不花大量的时间在这上面。故选A。
(9)考查名词及语境理解。A.admiration 钦佩;B.envy妒忌;C.appreciation 感激;D.care 关心。根据上文While walking together in the rain,I knew he was a promoter from the city.Having received an order from his company(我们一起在雨中走着,我知道他是一个城市来的推广商。收到他公司的订单)可知作者没有同情,只有钦佩。故选A。
(10)考查动词及语境理解。A.defeated 失败;B.damaged 损害;C.ruined 毁坏;D.wiped 擦。根据句意,他告诉我,他曾经梦想成为一名警察,但是一场事故毁灭了他的梦想。故选C。
(11)考查动词及语境理解。A.lost 失去;B.took 带走;C.changed 改变;D.gathered 聚集。根据下文and still "ran"on the road of life...可知他从没有失去信心。故选A。
(12)考查动词及语境理解。A.Amused 高兴;B.Terrified 可怕;C.Encouraged 鼓舞;D.Shocked震惊。根据下文I headed for a southern city and became an insurance representative.(我去了南方的一个城市,当了一名保险代表。)可知作者受到这个男子言辞的鼓励。故选C。
(13)考查名词短语及语境理解。A.my way 我的路;B.my start 我的开始;C.my end我的结束;D.my future我的未来。根据句意,经过两年的奔波,我有了自己的开始,我的家庭生活状况结果是逐渐好转了。故选B。
(14)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.turned out 证明是;B.worked out 解决;C.carried out 实施;D.turned into 转变成。根据句意,经过两年的奔波,我有了自己的开始,我的家庭生活状况结果是逐渐好转了。故选A。
(15)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.run into撞上;B.run across 偶然遇到;C.run away with 轻易获得;D.run out of 用完。根据句意,只有当你走出人生的雨季,你的前面才会有明亮的天空。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文,由于父亲去世,作为家里的长子,作者必须辍学工作来养家糊口,那时作者觉得自己的世界是黑暗的,在受到一位销售员的鼓舞后,作者重振起来,使家庭状况逐渐好转了起来。
做完形填空题之前,必须先浏览全文,了解短文的大意,这是非常重要的一个步骤。通过短文所提供的信息,借助语感及相关知识的推断,可以从整体上把握短文的轮廓。在通读全文,了解大意的基础上,便可着手答题。根据习惯用法、固定搭配,并从上下文中找关键性暗示,注意前后对照,逐句精读,逐题分析选项。所有的答案选出之后,应再次通读全文,对所选的答案进行核实调整。
36.【答案】【小题1】global
【小题2】an
【小题3】lowest
【小题4】negotiating
【小题5】which
【小题6】be managed
【小题7】In
【小题8】goes
【小题9】to form
【小题10】attention
【解析】(1)global.考查形容词。句意:人民和国家之间的贸易已经有几千年的历史了,但在今天的全球经济中,信息、商品和货币可以以令人难以置信的速度在世界各地流动。分析可知,设空处修饰后文名词economy,应用形容词global,作定语。故填global。
(2)an.考查冠词。句意:人民和国家之间的贸易已经有几千年的历史了,但在今天的全球经济中,信息、商品和货币可以以令人难以置信的速度在世界各地流动。at a/an …speed"以……的速度",固定短语,unbelievable是发音以元音音素开头的单词,应用an。故填an。
(3)lowest.考查形容词。句意:公司的目标是以最低的价格生产最好的产品。根据上文the best及设空处前的定冠词the,以及句意可知,应填形容词最高级lowest。故填lowest。
(4)negotiating.考查动名词。句意:世界贸易组织负责协商国际贸易协定。设空处作介词for的宾语,应用动名词形式。故填negotiating。
(5)which.考查定语从句。句意:大多数富裕国家希望建立一个自由贸易体系,商品价格由人们想要购买和出售的数量决定。此处为"介词+关系代词"结构的定语从句,修饰先行词a free trade system,在"介词+关系代词"结构定语从句中只能用which。故填which。
(6)be managed.考查语态。句意:他们认为必须对世界贸易进行管理,这样最贫穷的国家才能获得更多的利益。此处主语world trade与manage之间为被动关系,且must后要跟动词原形。故填be managed。
(7)In.考查介词。句意:换句话说,他们希望世界贸易成为"公平贸易"。in other words"换句话说",固定短语;设空处位于句首,句首单词首字母要大写。故填In。
(8)goes.考查时态。句意:公平贸易是对生产者有利的贸易,是确保消费者付出的价钱更多流向生产者的制度。结合文章时态及上文"Fair trade is trade that is good for the producer"可知,应用一般现在时;主语为a system,单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填goes。
(9)to form.考查动词不定式。句意:公平贸易员工将得到公平的工资,拥有良好的工作条件,并被允许组建工会来捍卫自己的权利。be allowed to do sth."被允许做某事",固定用法,符合句意。故填to form。
(10)attention.考查名词。句意:公平贸易运动,如"干净衣服运动",已经引起了世界各地工人对工作条件的关注。分析可知,设空处作宾语,应用名词,draw attention to"引起关注",符合句意。故填attention。
这是一篇说明文。贸易对任何国家来说都是赚钱和创造就业的重要途径。人民和国家之间的贸易已经有几千年的历史了,但在今天的全球经济中,信息、商品和货币可以以令人难以置信的速度在世界各地流动。文章论述了公平贸易产生的原因以及重要性。
语法填空题考查学生的语言综合运用能力。解题时,要在理解文章的基础上,灵活运用语法知识,如词性,时态,名词单复数,连接词,代词,冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后,还要通读全文,核对所填单词形式是否正确,是否符合语境。
37.【答案】Dear Caroline,
I'm writing on behalf of my fellow students to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school hall on November 15th.(比赛的时间和地点)
It is scheduled to start at 2 p.m.and last for about three hours.Ten contestants will deliver their prepared speeches on the given topic "sustainable development",which is aimed at spreading the knowledge about sustainable development,increasing our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study as well.【高分句型一】(比赛的内容和目的)
We hope you will accept the invitation if it is convenient for you.【高分句型二】Please call me at 44876655 if you have any questions.I am looking forward to your reply.(期盼)
Yours sincerely, Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一:Ten contestants will deliver their prepared speeches on the given topic "sustainable development",which is aimed at spreading the knowledge about sustainable development,increasing our awareness of it and arousing our interest in English study as well.
翻译:十位参赛者将以"可持续发展"为主题发表事先准备好的演讲,目的是传播有关可持续发展的知识,提高我们对可持续发展的认识,并激发我们对英语学习的兴趣。
分析:本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二:We hope you will accept the invitation if it is convenient for you.
翻译:如果你方便的话,我们希望你能接受邀请。
分析:本句使用了hope后跟that引导的宾语从句,省略了that,和if引导的条件状语从句。
写作步骤:
第一步:审题,确定体裁格式、主体时态、中心人称和内容要点,避免填表式或履历表式表达。
第二步:拟定提纲,创造良好的开端;叙述得体,布局谋篇;巧妙过渡,完美结尾。
第三步:遣词造句,套用句型,上下衔接,地道表达,行文成篇(注意"参考词汇"的提示作用)。
38.【答案】The next day we noticed there was cigarette ash on the floor.Actually,it was a thief who entered our kitchen and garage.【高分句型一】Much to our relief,thanks to Rhubarb,the thief stole nothing.I called the police to report the break-in.I also told them nothing had been taken,but they sent a police officer over to talk with us anyway.In fact,recently many local homes had been broken in on the weekend.Most people's wallets and purses had been stolen.(描写作者一家发现晚上有人闯入,随后报警的过程)
My purse was right next to the door.However,Rhubarb had scared the thief away before he or she could steal it.When the police officer left,he said we should reward Rhubarb with a big steak dinner.【高分句型二】Rhubarb lived to be almost 12 years old,but that night was the only time she barked in her entire life.Fortunately,she never saw the need to warn us of any other danger.We were very thankful to Rhubarb.We loved her like a member of the family.(描写作者一家发现并没有丢失财物,更加感激狗狗大黄)
【解析】本文以作者家里的一条狗为线索展开,讲述了作者收养了一条名叫大黄的拉布拉多杂交犬。这条狗和家人相处愉快,在她大约4岁的时候,她成功吓跑了小偷,保护了作者一家的财物的故事。
高分句型一:Actually,it was a thief who entered our kitchen and garage.
翻译:事实上,是一个小偷进入了我们的厨房和车库。
分析:本句运用了强调句型"it was +被强调部分+that+其他"。
高分句型二:When the police officer left,he said we should reward Rhubarb with a big steak dinner.
翻译:当警察离开时,他说我们应该奖励大黄一顿丰盛的牛排晚餐。
分析:本句运用了when引导的时间状语从句和said后跟that引导的的宾语从句,that省略了。
(1)品读原文,确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路,通过精读文章,找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜(结尾)"。
(2)仔细审题,明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求,如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示,这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
(3)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求,再次快速阅读短文,抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示,确定续写段落的内容。
(4)拟写草稿,修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后,最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时,注意句子结构的多样性,语言的丰富性,并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,使上下文连贯。
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