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2023届辽宁省部分学校高三下学期二模英语试题（含答案）
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这是一份2023届辽宁省部分学校高三下学期二模英语试题（含答案），共28页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，申请信，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届辽宁省部分学校高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall. St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment including pop rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF101AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales”premier comedy club where having a omat time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF105BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things. Sherman Cymnu is cxcied to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road,Cardiff CF244YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals,dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years.Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardif’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place,Cardiff CF103LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1．What do St David’s Hall and The Glee Club have in common?
A．Both of them have won awards.
B．Both of them have a large capacity.
C．They are equally famous for comedies.
D．They both provide live music for audience.
2．What can people do at Sherman Cymru’s theatre?
A．Watch musicals.
B．Do innovative things.
C．Enjoy live entertainment.
D．Make theatre with celebrities.
3．Which website can you visit to enjoy amazing drama?
A．www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
B．www.shermancymru.co.uk
C．www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
D．www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
Brigadier general William Orlando Darby, born in Fort Smith, Arkansas, is best known for his organization of the Ist Ranger Battalion during World War ⅡI.
Darby attended Belle Grove School through the sixth grade and then went to Fort Smith Senior High School. After his graduation in 1929, he received an appointment to West Point Military Academy,where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science on June. 13,1933. Later Darby was chosen to organize and train military forces, and the 1st United States Army Ranger Battalion was set up on July 9, 1942. They carried out a number of successful night attacks.
When Robinson E. Duff, assistant division commander of the l0th Mountain Division, was wounded, Darby volunteered to take the place of him and led the 10th Mountain Division during the advance on Lake Garda. On April 30,1945, he was in the process of outlining plans for the next day when an explosion near his location took place, and he was unfortunately hit dead. He received a promotion to brigadier general on May 15,1945, the only soldier to receive such a promotion after his death.
General Lucian K. Truscott said of Darby following his death. “Never have I seen a more heroic officer.”And General George S. Patton called Darby, “The bravest man I have ever known.”
Darby received many awards, including two Distinguished Service Crosses and the British Distinguished Service Order. Darby’s life is celebrated in many ways. Named after him was the USNS General William O. Darby, a U.S. Army troopship, which is now retired, as well as streets in many places. Cistera, Italy, has a Darby School, and in his hometown of Fort Smith, the sister city to Cistema, the senior high school he attended is now called the William O. Darby Junior High. Many army posts have training or airfields named after him.
Darby was originally buried in a military cemetery (墓地) outside Cisterna, Italy, but on March 11,1949,his body was returned to Arkansas and buried at the Fort Smith National Cemetery,just few blocks from his boyhood home.In 2016,a statue of Darby was put up in Cisterna Park in Fort Smith.
4．Which of the statements is true about Darby?
A．He was appointed to replace Duff.
B．He was killed in an explosion by design.
C．He graduated with a Bachelor of Military.
D．He wasn’t promoted to brigadier general when alive.
5．Which words can best describe Darby?
A．Generous and humorous. B．Capable and responsible.
C．Admirable but unsociable. D．Intelligent but discontented.
6．Why did the author mention Truscott’s and Patton’s words?
A．To let us learn from Darby. B．To offer care to Darby.
C．To show gratitude to Darby. D．To think highly of Darby.
7．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?
A．Ways of honoring Darby.
B．Benefits of using Darby’s name.
C．Contributions Darby made to the army.
D．Educational experiences Darby went through.
Almost a decade ago, researchers at Yale University launched a global database called Map of Life to track biodiversity distributions across the planet. Now, the team added a new feature to the database that predicts where species currently unknown to scientists may be hiding.
In 2018,ecologist Mario Moura of the Federal University of Paraiba in Brazil teamed up with Yale ecologist Walter Jetz, who took the lead in the initial creation of the Map of Life. The pair set out to identify where 85 percent of Earth’s undiscovered species may be. For two years, the team collected information about 32,000 vertebrate (脊椎动物)species. Data on population size, geographical range, historical discovery dates and other biological characteristics were used to create a computer model that estimated where undescribed species might exist today.
The model found tropical environments in countries including Brazil, Indonesia, Madagascar, and Colombia house the most undiscovered species. Smaller animals have limited ranges that may be inaccessible, making their detection more difficult. In contrast, larger animals that occupy greater geographic ranges are more likely to be discovered, the researchers explain.
“It is striking to see the importance of tropical forests as the birthplace of discoveries, stressing the urgent need to protect tropical forests and address the need of controlling deforestation rate if we want a chance to truly discover our biodiversity,” said Moura.
The map comes at a crucial time when Earth is facing a biodiversity crisis. It was reported that there was a 68 percent decrease in vertebrate species populations between 1970 and 2006 and a 94 percent decline in aninal populations in the America’s tropical subregions.” At the current pace of global environmental change, there is no doubt that many speies will go etinet before we have ever icared about their existence and had the chance to consider their fate,’ Jetz said.
8．What can be learned about the Map of Life?
A．It only tracks biodiversity distributions.
B．It was initially created by Mario Moura
C．It predicts where undiscovered species minht
D．It managed to locate 85% of the undiscovered specties.
9．Which factor makes animals easier to discover?
A．location B．species. C．size. D．population.
10．What does the underlined word “address” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Tackle. B．Ignore. C．Maintain. D．Postpone.
11．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．Tropical animal populations have slightly declined.
B．The Map of life is significant to protecting biodiversity.
C．Tropical forests are the birthplace of many extinct species.
D．Many species will undoubtedly go extinct even if discovered.
The first solar cell capable of powering everyday electrical equipment was made in the 1950s at Bell Labs in New Jersey. Back then the silicon-based (基于硅的) panels were hugely expensive and turned just 6% of sunlight into electricity. Since then, costs have come down dramatically and today’s silicon solar cells can tur up to 22% of sunlight into power. But they’re nearly maxed out in terms of efficiency. Now, perovskites (钙钛矿) offer the potential for dramatic increases in power output, and they could ultimately replace silicon altogether.
Rescarchers at Oxford PV, a company spun out of the University of Oxford, made a major breakthrough in 2018. By coating silicon with perovskites they achieved 28% efficiency. The company believes it can eventually reach 40%, or higher. “If we want to make all new power generation about solar photovoltaics (光伏), then we need to keep driving the price down,”Henry Snaith, professor of physics at the University of Oxford and co-founder of Oxford PV,said.“One way to do that is to keep pushing the efficiency or power output up, and this is where perovskites really come into play.”
Perovskites were discovered in 1839.0xford PV uses a synthetic (合成的) version,made from inexpensive materials that are present on the Earth in large quantities, while other companies use variations of the original mineral,collectively called perovskites. As well as improved solar efficiency, they work better than silicon in the shade, on cloudy days or even indoors. Perovskites can be printed using an inkjet (喷墨的) printer and can be as thin as wallpaper. Oxford PV hopes perovskites will eventually replace silicon entirely.
Last month, Saule Technologies’new factory in Warsaw began printing perovskite solar cells using inkjet printers. Early next year, it will start supplying Swedish construction company Skanska Group.“The material is set to be a game changer in the energy field, because it works in every lighting condition,”said Saule Technologies co-founder Olga Malinkiewicz.
12．What is the biggest disadvantage of silicon-based panels?
A．They are incredibly expensive.
B．They are easy to abandon totally.
C．They are relatively low in power output.
D．They have only existed for about 50 years.
13．What attitude does Snaith have towards perovskites?
A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Opposed. D．Ambiguous.
14．Why can perovskites possibly replace silicon entirely?
A．They can be as thin as paper.
B．They are rarely seen on the Earth.
C．They can be printed with 3-D printers.
D．They perform well in poor lighting conditions.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The cost of perovskite solar cells.
B．A new way to replace perovskites.
C．The applications of solar photovoltaics.
D．A potential way to increase solar power output.
二、七选五
You’re out on a hike, snacking on an apple, a banana, or some nuts. When you’re finished, all that’s left is a core, a peel, or a shell. “It’s natural,” you tell yourself, throwing it into the woods.
After all, food waste is biodegradable (可生物降解的). It’s not like you’re littering by throwing away a plastic bottle. ____16____
Food waste doesn’t break down as fast as you think
Most people know food waste is biodegradable. But fewer people are aware that orange and banana peels can take up to two years to break down in the wild, meaning they’re going to be staying in nature for a lot longer than you might think. And even if they eventually biodegrade, they can lead to a lot of serious problems.
____17____
“ Animals have a super advanced sense of smell compared to us,” says biologist Jeff Marion. All human food can attract animals. This can then cause “attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions that cause animals to overcome their natural wariness(警惕)of people. ____18____
Attraction can mean aggression
When animals are routinely attracted to humans and their food, they often become habituated to human presence. “Once an animal reaches that point, it’s essentially game over,” Marion says. That’s the origin of the phrase: A fed bear is a dead bear. ____19____ Even if a person is injured by a bear, the human usually recovers. The animal, however, is often relocated or killed to prevent further potentially deadly encounters.
____20____ You should properly store and deal with food waste. Don’t attempt to burn or bury it, as food waste is more difficult to burn than you think. Besides, if you see other food waste in nature, pick it up, even if it’s not yours. Because while negative individual impacts can have a harmful effect outdoors, positive individual impacts do just the opposite!
A．Food waste can appeal to animals.
B．Human actions result from attraction behavior.
C．Keeping your food to yourself is the best solution.
D．However, food left outdoors can have unexpected impacts.
E．Here are the measures we should take to prevent food waste.
F．This sort of attraction behavior can quickly become dangerous.
G．Because when it comes to human-animal encounters; animals are often the losers.
三、完形填空
A hamburger delivery driver in New Jersey received something more special than any ____21____ this week. John Smith was delivering hamburger to the home of Rachel Green on Sunday night when Rachel’s little daughter ran up to him and give him a big ____22____.
Rachel, who caught the moment on the doorbell camera, said, “I ____23____ it on the Internet. In fact, I just did it because we thought it was ____24____.”What Rachel didn’t know at the time was what that moment would ____25____ to Smith.
Smith’s 16-year-old daughter, who lived in California with his ex-wife, recently ____26____ away. She had struggled with mental problems. “After ____27____ my daughter this past week, it just touched me because it was like she was there, and it just meant a ____28____ to me,” he said.
His ex-wife, Michele, said she was____29____ of the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him. “It’s so _____30_____ to ignore such people and their internal pain,” she said. “That even goes to our daughter. We didn’t know her _____31_____ . ”
The _____32_____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith, and he _____33_____to tell Rachel how much it meant.“It is really tough to accept that I’m not going to be able to hug her again,” Smith said to Rachel.
The hug may have lasted only a few _____34_____ ,but it’s a moment Smith will hold onto always. “This _____35_____means something, and makes me think,’ Wow, maybe she’s there,’” he said.
21．A．tip B．fortune C．luck D．pleasure
22．A．surprise B．kiss C．gift D．hug
23．A．focused B．captured C．posted D．recorded
24．A．thrilling B．interesting C．formal D．average
25．A．explain B．respond C．mean D．show
26．A．passed B．died C．faded D．put
27．A．saving B．treating C．handling D．losing
28．A．ton B．promise C．mission D．dollar
29．A．blessed B．guilty C．frustrated D．appreciative
30．A．difficult B．easy C．demanding D．shameful
31．A．disease B．strength C．joy D．pain
32．A．film B．video C．tape D．camera
33．A．reached out B．broke in C．made up D．set out
34．A．moments B．hours C．minutes D．seconds
35．A．struggle B．intention C．incident D．attempt
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It took two years to complete the design work for the Chinese Olympic delegation’s entry uniform. The final uniform designs were____36____ (official) confirmed in March last year for the Chinese Olympic delegation participating____37____ the Tokyo Olympics.
Since the appearance of the athletes is a focus of the opening ceremony, ____38____ eye-catching color like red is a top choice, especially since it is the primary shade in China’s national flag, ____39____ (symbolize)energy, passion as well as joy in Chinese culture. White, which represents ____40____ (bright), purity and spirituality, plays a buffering(缓冲)role in the costume design.
____41____the color red is combined with white at the occasion of the opening ceremony of the Olympics makes an favorable statement reflecting the theme of the design: “making a good start” . The hem (卷边) of the white dress for female athletes ____42____ (feature) China’s national flower, the peony. The source for the pattern ____43____(draw)from a Ming Dynasty(1368- 1644)peony bowl, which is representative of ____44____ (we)traditional Chinese aesthetics (美学). The design of the man’s shirts is inspired by the five-star graphic patterm of China’s national flag. It reflects the spirit of the Chinese Olympic team _____45_____ (fight)together for national honor.
五、申请信
46．假定你叫李华，你所在的城市要举办“传统文化节”。你在报纸上看到如下一则招募启事。
Volunteers WantedA Traditional Cultural Festival, which is to be held on April 20-23 in our city, is now looking for 20 volunteers to provide service. If you are interested, please send an application email to Miss Zhao at MissZhao@sina.com.
请阅读启事并写一封应征邮件。内容要点如下： 1.表明写信意图；
2.说明应征条件；
3.希望获准。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Miss Zhao,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Of all the people in Lily’s life, one in particular stands out. As Lily thinks of Shanda, a smile spreads across her face. She feels loved and grateful more than ever that she has such a teacher and friend. Thanks to Shanda’s presence, Lily has become a good dancer now.
Eleven years of dance and going on twelve that year, she doubted it would end up like any other year. She might be stuck in any empty spot and didn’t know what to do with her next dance move. Little did she know that year would change her completely.
That year, Lily felt lucky that Shanda would choreograph (编舞) for her dance. Lily expected to work with Shanda, a young talented dancer, to have an okay dance, but she never expected she would have such an impressive impact on her way to dance.
The moment Lily walked into the marble floored, wall-to-wall mirrored rooms, she already felt like Shanda had faith in her. Shanda smiled at her with appreciative eyes. In the following days, Shanda always encouraged her, “Work to the best of your ability and keep going.” When she wanted to give up, Shanda told her that the real importance of dance was to love it.
Throughout their hard work and devotion, not only did Lily s ability to dance grow, but also their friendship grew. Shanda became more than a teacher to Lily. She was also a close friend that Lily could turn to for anything. Shanda gave her encouragement when Lily need edit the most, and Shanda was always there to cheer Lily up when she felt down,
As the year quickly came to an end, it was high time for Lily to show her dance to the audience. As she walked to the backstage filled with other dancers warming up and expecting their performance, she prayed for a good performance that would convey her improvement. The rhythmic music before her rang in her ears. She waited anxiously for her turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the hostess announced “Lily”.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lily had butterflies in her stomach as she stepped onto the big stage.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lily felt very excited when the hostess asked her to make a speech.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四处剧院和娱乐场所。
1．细节理解题。根据St David’s Hall中的“It presents live entertainment including pop rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music. (它提供现场娱乐，包括流行摇滚、民谣、爵士乐、音乐剧、舞蹈、世界音乐、电影和古典音乐)”和The Glee Club中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here. (如果你正在寻找最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始)”可知，圣大卫音乐厅和合唱团共同之处在于它们都为观众提供现场音乐。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Sherman Cymru中的“This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things. (这个特殊的建筑是一个制作戏剧的地方，在这里，孩子们、艺术家、作家和其他任何人都有机会做创造性的事情)”可知，人们可以在谢尔曼·西姆鲁剧院做创新的事情。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据New Theatre中的“Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardif’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. (新剧院是卡迪夫现存最古老的传统剧院，为您呈现伦敦西区最好的剧目，并精选英国的巡回演出)”并根据其网址可知，你可以访问www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站来欣赏精彩的戏剧。故选C。
4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国准将威廉·奥兰多·达比的一生以及人们对他的纪念。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段“He received a promotion to brigadier general on May 15,1945, the only soldier to receive such a promotion after his death. (1945年5月15日，他被提升为准将，这是他死后唯一获得这种晋升的士兵。)”可知，达比活着的时候没有被提升为准将。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“After his graduation in 1929, he received an appointment to West Point Military Academy, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science on June. 13,1933.Later Darby was chosen to organize and train military forces, and the 1st United States Army Ranger Battalion was set up on July 9,1942. They carried out a number of successful night attacks. (1929年毕业后，他被西点军校录取，并于1933年6月13日获得理学学士学位。后来，达比被选中组织和训练军队，1942年7月9日，美国陆军第1游骑兵营成立。他们进行了多次成功的夜间袭击。)”和第三段“When Robinson E.Duff, assistant division commander of the l0th Mountain Division, was wounded, Darby volunteered to take the place of him and led the 10th Mountain Division during the advance on Lake Garda. (第10山地师助理师长鲁滨逊·达夫受伤后，达比自告奋勇接替他，率领第10山地师向加尔达湖挺进。)”可推断，达比有能力并且有责任心。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“General Lucian K. Truscott said of Darby following his death. “Never have I seen a more heroic officer.” And General George S. Patton called Darby, “The bravest man I have ever known.”(卢西恩·K·特拉斯科特将军在达比死后这样评价他。“我从来没有见过比他更英勇的军官。”乔治·S·巴顿将军称达比是“我所认识的最勇敢的人”。)”可推断，作者提到了特拉斯科特和巴顿的话是为了高度评价达比。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Darby received many awards, including two Distinguished Service Crosses and the British Distinguished Service Order. Darby’s life is celebrated in many ways. Named after him was the USNS General William O. Darby, a U.S. Army troopship, which is now retired, as well as streets in many places. Cistera, Italy, has a Darby School, and in his hometown of Fort Smith, the sister city to Cistema, the senior high school he attended is now called the William O. Darby Junior High. Many army posts have training or airfields named after him. (达比获得了许多奖项，包括两个杰出服务十字勋章和英国杰出服务勋章。达比的一生被以多种方式庆祝。以他的名字命名的是美国海军上将威廉·O·达比，这是一艘美国陆军军舰，现在已经退役，许多地方的街道也是如此。意大利的西斯特拉有一所达比学校，在他的家乡史密斯堡，西斯特拉的姐妹城市，他就读的高中现在被称为威廉·O·达比初中。许多军队哨所都有以他的名字命名的训练场或机场。)”可知，第五段主语介绍了人们纪念达比的方式。故选A。
8．C 9．C 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一个名为“生命地图”的全球数据库跟踪生物多样性分布，并预测科学家目前未知的物种可能隐藏在哪里。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the team added a new feature to the database that predicts where species currently unknown to scientists may be hiding. (现在，该团队在数据库中添加了一个新功能，可以预测科学家目前未知的物种可能隐藏在哪里。)”可知，“生命地图”可以预测未被发现的物种在哪里生存。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Smaller animals have limited ranges that may be inaccessible, making their detection more difficult. In contrast, larger animals that occupy greater geographic ranges are more likely to be discovered, the researchers explain. (较小的动物的活动范围有限，可能无法被发现，这使得它们的探测更加困难。研究人员解释说，相比之下，占据更大地理范围的大型动物更有可能被发现。)”可知，动物的大小使动物更容易被发现。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“t is striking to see the importance of tropical forests as the birthplace of discoveries, stressing the urgent need to protect tropical forests (热带森林作为发现的发源地的重要性令人震惊，强调了保护热带森林的迫切需要)”和后半句“if we want a chance to truly discover our biodiversity, (如果我们想有机会真正发现生物多样性，)”可知，要发现生物多样性，就需要保护热带森林并解决控制森林砍伐率的问题。所以划线词address为“处理，解决”之意。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其最后一段“The map comes at a crucial time when Earth is facing a biodiversity crisis. (这张地图的发布正值地球面临生物多样性危机的关键时刻。)”可推断，生命地图对保护生物多样性很重要。故选B。
12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用钙钛矿涂层的太阳能面板可将能源转化效率提高两倍。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Back then the silicon-based(基于硅的)panels were hugely expensive and turned just 6% of sunlight into electricity. Since then, costs have come down dramatically and today’s silicon solar cells can tur up to 22% of sunlight into power. But they’re nearly maxed out in terms of efficiency. (当时，硅基太阳能板非常昂贵，而且只能将6%的阳光转化为电能。从那时起，成本急剧下降，今天的硅太阳能电池可以将高达22%的阳光转化为电能。但就效率而言，它们几乎已经达到了极限。)”可知，硅基电池板最大的缺点是输出功率相对较低。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“One way to do that is to keep pushing the efficiency or power output up, and this is where perovskites really come into play. (实现这一目标的一种方法是不断提高效率或功率输出，这就是钙钛矿真正发挥作用的地方。)”可知，斯奈斯对钙钛矿态度是赞成的。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“As well as improved solar efficiency, they work better than silicon in the shade, on cloudy days or even indoors. (除了提高太阳能效率外，它们在阴凉处、阴天甚至室内的工作效果都比硅要好。)”可知，钙钛矿有可能完全取代硅是因为它们在弱光条件下表现良好。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, perovskites (钙钛矿)offer the potential for dramatic increases in power output, and they could ultimately replace silicon altogether. (现在，钙钛矿提供了大幅增加功率输出的潜力，它们最终可能完全取代硅。)”及全文可知，主要介绍了使用钙钛矿涂层的太阳能面板可将能源转化效率提高两倍。所以“A potential way to increase solar power output.(增加太阳能输出的潜在方法。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．F 19．G 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物垃圾降解的常识以及它的危害和如何处理食物垃圾。
16．根据前文“After all, food waste is biodegradable (可生物降解的). It’s not like you’re littering by throwing away a plastic bottle.(毕竟，食物垃圾是可生物降解的。这不像你扔掉一个塑料瓶那样扔垃圾。)”及下文可知，食物垃圾并非我们想得那么简单。所以选择项D“However, food left outdoors can have unexpected impacts.(然而，留在户外的食物可能会产生意想不到的影响。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
17．这里为本段小标题。根据下文“All human food can attract animals. (所有人类的食物都能吸引动物。)”及本段内容可知，人类所留下的食物垃圾会吸引动物。所以选择项A“Food waste can appeal to animals. (食物垃圾会吸引动物。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
18．根据前句“This can then cause “attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions that cause animals to overcome their natural wariness(警惕)of people. (这就会导致“吸引行为”，这是指人类的行为，使动物克服对人类的天然警惕。)”可知，这种吸引行为产生的不良后果。所以选择项F“This sort of attraction behavior can quickly become dangerous. (这种吸引行为很快就会变得危险。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
19．根据前句“That’s the origin of the phrase: A fed bear is a dead bear.(这就是这个短语的起源：喂饱了的熊就是死熊。)”和后文“Even if a person is injured by a bear, the human usually recovers. The animal, however, is often relocated or killed to prevent further potentially deadly encounters. (即使一个人被熊打伤了，通常也会恢复过来。然而，这种动物经常被重新安置或杀死，以防止进一步潜在的致命遭遇。)”可知，人与动物相遇，往往动物会遭殃。所以选择项G“Because when it comes to human-animal encounters; animals are often the losers. (因为当人与动物相遇时，动物往往是输家。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
20．根据后文“You should properly store and deal with food waste. Don’t attempt to burn or bury it, as food waste is more difficult to burn than you think. Besides, if you see other food waste in nature, pick it up, even if it’s not yours. (你应该妥善储存和处理食物垃圾。不要试图燃烧或掩埋它，因为食物垃圾比你想象的更难燃烧。此外，如果你在大自然中看到其他食物垃圾，即使不是你的，也要把它捡起来。)”可知，处理食物垃圾最好的方法是留给自己。所以选择项C“Keeping your food to yourself is the best solution. (把食物留给自己是最好的解决办法。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫约翰·史密斯的快递司机，在给瑞秋送汉堡包的时候，瑞秋的小女儿拥抱了他，瑞秋看到了，用门铃上的摄像头拍了下来，并且放到了网上。这个小小的举动触动了史密斯和他的前妻，因为他们的女儿刚刚去世，这个小小的拥抱让他们想到了他们的女儿那时那刻还在那里。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：本周，新泽西州的一名汉堡外卖司机收到了比任何小费都特别的东西。A. tip小费；B. fortune财富；C. luck幸运；D. pleasure愉快。根据“A hamburger delivery driver in New Jersey”可知，汉堡外卖司机送外卖可能会收到小费。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日晚上，约翰·史密斯给瑞秋·格林送汉堡包的时候，瑞秋的小女儿跑过来给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. surprise惊讶；B. kiss亲吻；C. gift礼物；D. hug拥抱。根据“The ____12____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith,”可知，瑞秋的小女儿跑过来给了史密斯一个大大的拥抱。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋用门铃摄像头拍下了这一刻，她说：“我把它发布到网上了。事实上，我这样做只是因为我们觉得这很有趣。”A. focused集中；B. captured捕获；C. posted张贴；发布；D. recorded记录。根据“on the Internet.”可知，瑞秋把这段视频发布到网上。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋用门铃摄像头拍下了这一刻，她说：“我把它发布到网上了。事实上，我这样做只是因为我们觉得这很有趣。”A. thrilling毛骨悚然的；B. interesting有趣的；C. formal正式的；D. average平均的。根据“In fact, I just did it because we thought it was ____4____.”可知，瑞秋把这段视频发布到网上只是觉得这很有趣。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋当时不知道的是，这一刻对史密斯来说意味着什么。A. explain解释；B. respond回复；C. mean意味着；D. show展示。根据“and it just meant a ____8____ to me,”可知，这段视频对史密斯来说意味着很多。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯16岁的女儿和他的前妻住在加州，他的女儿最近去世了。A. passed通过；B. died死；C. faded 逐渐消失；D. put放。pass away去世。根据“After ____7____ my daughter this past week, it just touched me because it was like she was there,”及下文可知，史密斯的女儿刚刚去世了，pass away固定搭配，意为“去世”。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“上周我失去了女儿，这让我很感动，因为她就在那里，这对我来说意义重大，”他说。A. saving节省；B. treating对待；C. handling处理；D. losing失去。根据“Smith’s 16-year-old daughter, who lived in California with his ex-wife, recently ____6____ away.”可知，史密斯的女儿刚刚去世了，所以他失去了女儿。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“上周我失去了女儿，这让我很感动，因为她就在那里，这对我来说意义重大，”他说。A. ton吨；B. promise诺言；C. mission使命；D. dollar美元。比喻意义重大的词只有ton，It just meant a ton to me意为“这对我来说意义重大”。根据“it just touched me because it was like she was there,”可知，女儿对史密斯说意义重大。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的前妻米歇尔说，她很感激有人能看到他的痛苦，并能在他身边。A. blessed神圣的；B. guilty有罪的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. appreciative感激的。be appreciative of感激……。根据“the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him.”可知，有人看到了他的痛苦，对于米歇尔来说，她应该是很感激的。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们很容易忽视这些人以及他们内心的痛苦，”她说。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. demanding要求多的；D. shameful丢脸的。根据“ignore such people and their internal pain,”可知，我们很容易忽略失去亲人的人和他们内心的痛苦。故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的女儿也一样。我们不知道她的痛苦。A. disease疾病；B. strength力量；C. joy喜悦；D. pain疼痛。根据“His ex-wife, Michele, said she was____9____ of the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him.”可知，作为父母也不知道女儿的痛苦。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频传到了史密斯的手中，他联系瑞秋，告诉她这对他有多重要。A. film电影；B. video视频；C. tape磁带；D. camera照相机。根据“Rachel, who caught the moment on the doorbell camera,”可知，这里指通过门铃摄像头拍下的视频。故选B。
33．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频传到了史密斯的手中，他联系瑞秋，告诉她这对他有多重要。A. reached out伸出；B. broke in打断；C. made up组成；D. set out出发。reach out to联系。根据“The ____12____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith,”可知，看到视频后，史密斯联系了发视频的瑞秋。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个拥抱也许只持续了几秒钟，但史密斯会永远珍惜这一刻。A. moments时刻；B. hours小时；C. minutes分钟；D. seconds秒。根据“The hug may have lasted”和常识可知，拥抱只持续了短短的几秒钟。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这件事意味着什么，让我想，‘哇，也许她就在那里，’”他说。A. struggle努力；B. intention目的；C. incident事件；D. attempt尝试。根据“means something, and makes me think,’ Wow, maybe she’s there,’”可知，这件事对史密斯意味着很多。故选C。
36．officially 37．in 38．an 39．symbolizing 40．brightness 41．That 42．features 43．was drawn 44．our 45．to fight
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国奥运代表团参赛服的设计工作花了两年时间。去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。
36．考查副词。句意：去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词officially修饰谓语were confirmed。故填officially。
37．考查介词。句意：去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语participate in sth“参加……”，满足句意要求。故填in。
38．考查冠词。句意：由于运动员的外表是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为红色是中国国旗的主色调，在中国文化中象征着活力、激情和欢乐。根据句意以及空后eye-catching color为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一种引人注目的颜色”为泛指概念，结合eye为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于运动员的外表是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为红色是中国国旗的主色调，在中国文化中象征着活力、激情和欢乐。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词symbolize和逻辑主语it为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填symbolizing。
40．考查名词。句意：白色代表着光明、纯洁和灵性，在服装设计中起到了缓冲的作用。由空后的purity以及and连接的spirituality皆为名词可知，此处也应为名词brightness，构成并列宾语成分，为不可数名词。故填brightness。
41．考查主语从句。句意：在奥运会开幕式上，红色与白色的结合很好地反映了设计的主题:“开一个好头”。分析句子可知，从句引导主语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，且句意完整，应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填That。
42．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：女运动员白色礼服的下摆是中国的国花——牡丹。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语The hem为单数名词，所以为动词的三单形式。故填features。
43．考查动词时态语态。句意：图案的来源是取自明朝（1368- 1644）的牡丹碗，这是我们中国传统美学的代表。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合Ming Dynasty（1368- 1644）时间状语可知，此处应为一般过去时，主语The source for the pattern为单数名词和动词draw from为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was drawn。
44．考查代词。句意：图案的来源是取自明朝（1368- 1644）的牡丹碗，这是我们中国传统美学的代表。由空后Chinese aesthetics为名词短语可知，此处为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词短语。故填our。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：它体现了中国奥运团队为国家荣誉而共同奋斗的精神。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词中的动词不定式作后置定语修饰the spirit，为惯用短语the spirit to do“做某事的精神”，满足句意要求。故填to fight。
46．Dear Miss Zhao,
I am Li Hua, a high school student. Learning from the newspaper that some volunteers are needed for a Traditional Cultural Festival, I am writing to apply for this position.
Having a good knowledge of culture, I can give visitors a vivid introduction. Besides, I have volunteered in some activities, which equips me with varieties of relevant experience. Most importantly, outgoing and enthusiastic, I’m keen on being a volunteer, providing service. I’m convinced I will do a good job.
I would be very grateful if you could take me into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生阅读报纸上的一则招募启事并写一封应征邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
需要：need →want
此外：besides → what’s more
相关的：relevant →related
感激：be grateful→ appreciate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am Li Hua, a high school student.
拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is a high school student.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, I have volunteered in some activities, which equips me with varieties of relevant experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could take me into consideration.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
47．Lily had butterflies in her stomach as she stepped onto the big stage. Excitement and nervousness ran through her body, disturbing yet inspiring her. Seeing Shanda smiling brightly in the audience, she calmed down a bit. Determination to succeed convinced her that she couldn't give up. With the dance music on, she danced to it in harmony, showing that she hadn't spent a year in vain. To her surprise, she danced with heart and soul, standing out from all the participants. She finally won the championship，and the whole audience applauded warmly.
Lily felt very excited when the hostess asked her to make a speech. With the gold medal in hand, she said loudly, “I owe my success to Shanda. She taught me better dance movements and techniques. More importantly，she taught me the true love of dance. It struck me what Shanda said about dance—dance for dance itself, to get away from all your problems, and to get away from reality. I come to know what dance really means now.” With happy tears running down her cheeks, she rushed down to Shanda, giving her a big hug.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了舞蹈选手Lily的舞蹈生涯中非常重要的人物：亦师亦友的Shanda, 是她给了Lily跳舞的勇气、灵感以及对舞蹈的真正理解。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Lily走上大舞台时，感到非常紧张。”可知，第一段可描写Lily参加比赛的的心情以及应对措施，并赢得了比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“女主持人要求Lily演讲时，Lily感到非常兴奋。”可知，第二段可描写Lily获奖的感想以及对Shanda表达感激之情。
2.续写线索：走上舞台——心情紧张又兴奋——调整情绪——赢得比赛——发表获奖感言——表达感激之情
3.词汇激活
行为类
①贯穿全身：run through her body /go throughout the whole body / penetrate the whole body
②给我印象深刻：It struck me / It impressed me
③鼓励：inspire/encourage/hearten
情绪类
①惊讶：To her surprise / To her amazement
②高兴：happy tears / delighted tears
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I come to know what dance really means now. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句作know的宾语）
[高分句型2]. With happy tears running down her cheeks, she rushed down to Shanda, giving her a big hug. （运用了with复合结构以及现在分词短语giving her a big hug做伴随状语）
2023届辽宁省部分学校高三下学期二模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall. St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment including pop rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF101AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales”premier comedy club where having a omat time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay,Cardiff Bay,Cardiff CF105BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things. Sherman Cymnu is cxcied to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road,Cardiff CF244YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals,dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years.Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardif’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place,Cardiff CF103LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1．What do St David’s Hall and The Glee Club have in common?
A．Both of them have won awards.
B．Both of them have a large capacity.
C．They are equally famous for comedies.
D．They both provide live music for audience.
2．What can people do at Sherman Cymru’s theatre?
A．Watch musicals.
B．Do innovative things.
C．Enjoy live entertainment.
D．Make theatre with celebrities.
3．Which website can you visit to enjoy amazing drama?
A．www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
B．www.shermancymru.co.uk
C．www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
D．www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
Brigadier general William Orlando Darby, born in Fort Smith, Arkansas, is best known for his organization of the Ist Ranger Battalion during World War ⅡI.
Darby attended Belle Grove School through the sixth grade and then went to Fort Smith Senior High School. After his graduation in 1929, he received an appointment to West Point Military Academy,where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science on June. 13,1933. Later Darby was chosen to organize and train military forces, and the 1st United States Army Ranger Battalion was set up on July 9, 1942. They carried out a number of successful night attacks.
When Robinson E. Duff, assistant division commander of the l0th Mountain Division, was wounded, Darby volunteered to take the place of him and led the 10th Mountain Division during the advance on Lake Garda. On April 30,1945, he was in the process of outlining plans for the next day when an explosion near his location took place, and he was unfortunately hit dead. He received a promotion to brigadier general on May 15,1945, the only soldier to receive such a promotion after his death.
General Lucian K. Truscott said of Darby following his death. “Never have I seen a more heroic officer.”And General George S. Patton called Darby, “The bravest man I have ever known.”
Darby received many awards, including two Distinguished Service Crosses and the British Distinguished Service Order. Darby’s life is celebrated in many ways. Named after him was the USNS General William O. Darby, a U.S. Army troopship, which is now retired, as well as streets in many places. Cistera, Italy, has a Darby School, and in his hometown of Fort Smith, the sister city to Cistema, the senior high school he attended is now called the William O. Darby Junior High. Many army posts have training or airfields named after him.
Darby was originally buried in a military cemetery (墓地) outside Cisterna, Italy, but on March 11,1949,his body was returned to Arkansas and buried at the Fort Smith National Cemetery,just few blocks from his boyhood home.In 2016,a statue of Darby was put up in Cisterna Park in Fort Smith.
4．Which of the statements is true about Darby?
A．He was appointed to replace Duff.
B．He was killed in an explosion by design.
C．He graduated with a Bachelor of Military.
D．He wasn’t promoted to brigadier general when alive.
5．Which words can best describe Darby?
A．Generous and humorous. B．Capable and responsible.
C．Admirable but unsociable. D．Intelligent but discontented.
6．Why did the author mention Truscott’s and Patton’s words?
A．To let us learn from Darby. B．To offer care to Darby.
C．To show gratitude to Darby. D．To think highly of Darby.
7．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about?
A．Ways of honoring Darby.
B．Benefits of using Darby’s name.
C．Contributions Darby made to the army.
D．Educational experiences Darby went through.
Almost a decade ago, researchers at Yale University launched a global database called Map of Life to track biodiversity distributions across the planet. Now, the team added a new feature to the database that predicts where species currently unknown to scientists may be hiding.
In 2018,ecologist Mario Moura of the Federal University of Paraiba in Brazil teamed up with Yale ecologist Walter Jetz, who took the lead in the initial creation of the Map of Life. The pair set out to identify where 85 percent of Earth’s undiscovered species may be. For two years, the team collected information about 32,000 vertebrate (脊椎动物)species. Data on population size, geographical range, historical discovery dates and other biological characteristics were used to create a computer model that estimated where undescribed species might exist today.
The model found tropical environments in countries including Brazil, Indonesia, Madagascar, and Colombia house the most undiscovered species. Smaller animals have limited ranges that may be inaccessible, making their detection more difficult. In contrast, larger animals that occupy greater geographic ranges are more likely to be discovered, the researchers explain.
“It is striking to see the importance of tropical forests as the birthplace of discoveries, stressing the urgent need to protect tropical forests and address the need of controlling deforestation rate if we want a chance to truly discover our biodiversity,” said Moura.
The map comes at a crucial time when Earth is facing a biodiversity crisis. It was reported that there was a 68 percent decrease in vertebrate species populations between 1970 and 2006 and a 94 percent decline in aninal populations in the America’s tropical subregions.” At the current pace of global environmental change, there is no doubt that many speies will go etinet before we have ever icared about their existence and had the chance to consider their fate,’ Jetz said.
8．What can be learned about the Map of Life?
A．It only tracks biodiversity distributions.
B．It was initially created by Mario Moura
C．It predicts where undiscovered species minht
D．It managed to locate 85% of the undiscovered specties.
9．Which factor makes animals easier to discover?
A．location B．species. C．size. D．population.
10．What does the underlined word “address” mean in paragraph 4?
A．Tackle. B．Ignore. C．Maintain. D．Postpone.
11．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A．Tropical animal populations have slightly declined.
B．The Map of life is significant to protecting biodiversity.
C．Tropical forests are the birthplace of many extinct species.
D．Many species will undoubtedly go extinct even if discovered.
The first solar cell capable of powering everyday electrical equipment was made in the 1950s at Bell Labs in New Jersey. Back then the silicon-based (基于硅的) panels were hugely expensive and turned just 6% of sunlight into electricity. Since then, costs have come down dramatically and today’s silicon solar cells can tur up to 22% of sunlight into power. But they’re nearly maxed out in terms of efficiency. Now, perovskites (钙钛矿) offer the potential for dramatic increases in power output, and they could ultimately replace silicon altogether.
Rescarchers at Oxford PV, a company spun out of the University of Oxford, made a major breakthrough in 2018. By coating silicon with perovskites they achieved 28% efficiency. The company believes it can eventually reach 40%, or higher. “If we want to make all new power generation about solar photovoltaics (光伏), then we need to keep driving the price down,”Henry Snaith, professor of physics at the University of Oxford and co-founder of Oxford PV,said.“One way to do that is to keep pushing the efficiency or power output up, and this is where perovskites really come into play.”
Perovskites were discovered in 1839.0xford PV uses a synthetic (合成的) version,made from inexpensive materials that are present on the Earth in large quantities, while other companies use variations of the original mineral,collectively called perovskites. As well as improved solar efficiency, they work better than silicon in the shade, on cloudy days or even indoors. Perovskites can be printed using an inkjet (喷墨的) printer and can be as thin as wallpaper. Oxford PV hopes perovskites will eventually replace silicon entirely.
Last month, Saule Technologies’new factory in Warsaw began printing perovskite solar cells using inkjet printers. Early next year, it will start supplying Swedish construction company Skanska Group.“The material is set to be a game changer in the energy field, because it works in every lighting condition,”said Saule Technologies co-founder Olga Malinkiewicz.
12．What is the biggest disadvantage of silicon-based panels?
A．They are incredibly expensive.
B．They are easy to abandon totally.
C．They are relatively low in power output.
D．They have only existed for about 50 years.
13．What attitude does Snaith have towards perovskites?
A．Favorable. B．Cautious. C．Opposed. D．Ambiguous.
14．Why can perovskites possibly replace silicon entirely?
A．They can be as thin as paper.
B．They are rarely seen on the Earth.
C．They can be printed with 3-D printers.
D．They perform well in poor lighting conditions.
15．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The cost of perovskite solar cells.
B．A new way to replace perovskites.
C．The applications of solar photovoltaics.
D．A potential way to increase solar power output.
二、七选五
You’re out on a hike, snacking on an apple, a banana, or some nuts. When you’re finished, all that’s left is a core, a peel, or a shell. “It’s natural,” you tell yourself, throwing it into the woods.
After all, food waste is biodegradable (可生物降解的). It’s not like you’re littering by throwing away a plastic bottle. ____16____
Food waste doesn’t break down as fast as you think
Most people know food waste is biodegradable. But fewer people are aware that orange and banana peels can take up to two years to break down in the wild, meaning they’re going to be staying in nature for a lot longer than you might think. And even if they eventually biodegrade, they can lead to a lot of serious problems.
____17____
“ Animals have a super advanced sense of smell compared to us,” says biologist Jeff Marion. All human food can attract animals. This can then cause “attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions that cause animals to overcome their natural wariness(警惕)of people. ____18____
Attraction can mean aggression
When animals are routinely attracted to humans and their food, they often become habituated to human presence. “Once an animal reaches that point, it’s essentially game over,” Marion says. That’s the origin of the phrase: A fed bear is a dead bear. ____19____ Even if a person is injured by a bear, the human usually recovers. The animal, however, is often relocated or killed to prevent further potentially deadly encounters.
____20____ You should properly store and deal with food waste. Don’t attempt to burn or bury it, as food waste is more difficult to burn than you think. Besides, if you see other food waste in nature, pick it up, even if it’s not yours. Because while negative individual impacts can have a harmful effect outdoors, positive individual impacts do just the opposite!
A．Food waste can appeal to animals.
B．Human actions result from attraction behavior.
C．Keeping your food to yourself is the best solution.
D．However, food left outdoors can have unexpected impacts.
E．Here are the measures we should take to prevent food waste.
F．This sort of attraction behavior can quickly become dangerous.
G．Because when it comes to human-animal encounters; animals are often the losers.
三、完形填空
A hamburger delivery driver in New Jersey received something more special than any ____21____ this week. John Smith was delivering hamburger to the home of Rachel Green on Sunday night when Rachel’s little daughter ran up to him and give him a big ____22____.
Rachel, who caught the moment on the doorbell camera, said, “I ____23____ it on the Internet. In fact, I just did it because we thought it was ____24____.”What Rachel didn’t know at the time was what that moment would ____25____ to Smith.
Smith’s 16-year-old daughter, who lived in California with his ex-wife, recently ____26____ away. She had struggled with mental problems. “After ____27____ my daughter this past week, it just touched me because it was like she was there, and it just meant a ____28____ to me,” he said.
His ex-wife, Michele, said she was____29____ of the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him. “It’s so _____30_____ to ignore such people and their internal pain,” she said. “That even goes to our daughter. We didn’t know her _____31_____ . ”
The _____32_____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith, and he _____33_____to tell Rachel how much it meant.“It is really tough to accept that I’m not going to be able to hug her again,” Smith said to Rachel.
The hug may have lasted only a few _____34_____ ,but it’s a moment Smith will hold onto always. “This _____35_____means something, and makes me think,’ Wow, maybe she’s there,’” he said.
21．A．tip B．fortune C．luck D．pleasure
22．A．surprise B．kiss C．gift D．hug
23．A．focused B．captured C．posted D．recorded
24．A．thrilling B．interesting C．formal D．average
25．A．explain B．respond C．mean D．show
26．A．passed B．died C．faded D．put
27．A．saving B．treating C．handling D．losing
28．A．ton B．promise C．mission D．dollar
29．A．blessed B．guilty C．frustrated D．appreciative
30．A．difficult B．easy C．demanding D．shameful
31．A．disease B．strength C．joy D．pain
32．A．film B．video C．tape D．camera
33．A．reached out B．broke in C．made up D．set out
34．A．moments B．hours C．minutes D．seconds
35．A．struggle B．intention C．incident D．attempt
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It took two years to complete the design work for the Chinese Olympic delegation’s entry uniform. The final uniform designs were____36____ (official) confirmed in March last year for the Chinese Olympic delegation participating____37____ the Tokyo Olympics.
Since the appearance of the athletes is a focus of the opening ceremony, ____38____ eye-catching color like red is a top choice, especially since it is the primary shade in China’s national flag, ____39____ (symbolize)energy, passion as well as joy in Chinese culture. White, which represents ____40____ (bright), purity and spirituality, plays a buffering(缓冲)role in the costume design.
____41____the color red is combined with white at the occasion of the opening ceremony of the Olympics makes an favorable statement reflecting the theme of the design: “making a good start” . The hem (卷边) of the white dress for female athletes ____42____ (feature) China’s national flower, the peony. The source for the pattern ____43____(draw)from a Ming Dynasty(1368- 1644)peony bowl, which is representative of ____44____ (we)traditional Chinese aesthetics (美学). The design of the man’s shirts is inspired by the five-star graphic patterm of China’s national flag. It reflects the spirit of the Chinese Olympic team _____45_____ (fight)together for national honor.
五、申请信
46．假定你叫李华，你所在的城市要举办“传统文化节”。你在报纸上看到如下一则招募启事。
Volunteers WantedA Traditional Cultural Festival, which is to be held on April 20-23 in our city, is now looking for 20 volunteers to provide service. If you are interested, please send an application email to Miss Zhao at MissZhao@sina.com.
请阅读启事并写一封应征邮件。内容要点如下： 1.表明写信意图；
2.说明应征条件；
3.希望获准。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Miss Zhao,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Of all the people in Lily’s life, one in particular stands out. As Lily thinks of Shanda, a smile spreads across her face. She feels loved and grateful more than ever that she has such a teacher and friend. Thanks to Shanda’s presence, Lily has become a good dancer now.
Eleven years of dance and going on twelve that year, she doubted it would end up like any other year. She might be stuck in any empty spot and didn’t know what to do with her next dance move. Little did she know that year would change her completely.
That year, Lily felt lucky that Shanda would choreograph (编舞) for her dance. Lily expected to work with Shanda, a young talented dancer, to have an okay dance, but she never expected she would have such an impressive impact on her way to dance.
The moment Lily walked into the marble floored, wall-to-wall mirrored rooms, she already felt like Shanda had faith in her. Shanda smiled at her with appreciative eyes. In the following days, Shanda always encouraged her, “Work to the best of your ability and keep going.” When she wanted to give up, Shanda told her that the real importance of dance was to love it.
Throughout their hard work and devotion, not only did Lily s ability to dance grow, but also their friendship grew. Shanda became more than a teacher to Lily. She was also a close friend that Lily could turn to for anything. Shanda gave her encouragement when Lily need edit the most, and Shanda was always there to cheer Lily up when she felt down,
As the year quickly came to an end, it was high time for Lily to show her dance to the audience. As she walked to the backstage filled with other dancers warming up and expecting their performance, she prayed for a good performance that would convey her improvement. The rhythmic music before her rang in her ears. She waited anxiously for her turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the hostess announced “Lily”.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Lily had butterflies in her stomach as she stepped onto the big stage.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lily felt very excited when the hostess asked her to make a speech.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四处剧院和娱乐场所。
1．细节理解题。根据St David’s Hall中的“It presents live entertainment including pop rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music. (它提供现场娱乐，包括流行摇滚、民谣、爵士乐、音乐剧、舞蹈、世界音乐、电影和古典音乐)”和The Glee Club中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here. (如果你正在寻找最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这里开始)”可知，圣大卫音乐厅和合唱团共同之处在于它们都为观众提供现场音乐。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Sherman Cymru中的“This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity to do creative things. (这个特殊的建筑是一个制作戏剧的地方，在这里，孩子们、艺术家、作家和其他任何人都有机会做创造性的事情)”可知，人们可以在谢尔曼·西姆鲁剧院做创新的事情。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据New Theatre中的“Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardif’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. (新剧院是卡迪夫现存最古老的传统剧院，为您呈现伦敦西区最好的剧目，并精选英国的巡回演出)”并根据其网址可知，你可以访问www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站来欣赏精彩的戏剧。故选C。
4．D 5．B 6．D 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国准将威廉·奥兰多·达比的一生以及人们对他的纪念。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段“He received a promotion to brigadier general on May 15,1945, the only soldier to receive such a promotion after his death. (1945年5月15日，他被提升为准将，这是他死后唯一获得这种晋升的士兵。)”可知，达比活着的时候没有被提升为准将。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段“After his graduation in 1929, he received an appointment to West Point Military Academy, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Science on June. 13,1933.Later Darby was chosen to organize and train military forces, and the 1st United States Army Ranger Battalion was set up on July 9,1942. They carried out a number of successful night attacks. (1929年毕业后，他被西点军校录取，并于1933年6月13日获得理学学士学位。后来，达比被选中组织和训练军队，1942年7月9日，美国陆军第1游骑兵营成立。他们进行了多次成功的夜间袭击。)”和第三段“When Robinson E.Duff, assistant division commander of the l0th Mountain Division, was wounded, Darby volunteered to take the place of him and led the 10th Mountain Division during the advance on Lake Garda. (第10山地师助理师长鲁滨逊·达夫受伤后，达比自告奋勇接替他，率领第10山地师向加尔达湖挺进。)”可推断，达比有能力并且有责任心。故选B。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“General Lucian K. Truscott said of Darby following his death. “Never have I seen a more heroic officer.” And General George S. Patton called Darby, “The bravest man I have ever known.”(卢西恩·K·特拉斯科特将军在达比死后这样评价他。“我从来没有见过比他更英勇的军官。”乔治·S·巴顿将军称达比是“我所认识的最勇敢的人”。)”可推断，作者提到了特拉斯科特和巴顿的话是为了高度评价达比。故选D。
7．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Darby received many awards, including two Distinguished Service Crosses and the British Distinguished Service Order. Darby’s life is celebrated in many ways. Named after him was the USNS General William O. Darby, a U.S. Army troopship, which is now retired, as well as streets in many places. Cistera, Italy, has a Darby School, and in his hometown of Fort Smith, the sister city to Cistema, the senior high school he attended is now called the William O. Darby Junior High. Many army posts have training or airfields named after him. (达比获得了许多奖项，包括两个杰出服务十字勋章和英国杰出服务勋章。达比的一生被以多种方式庆祝。以他的名字命名的是美国海军上将威廉·O·达比，这是一艘美国陆军军舰，现在已经退役，许多地方的街道也是如此。意大利的西斯特拉有一所达比学校，在他的家乡史密斯堡，西斯特拉的姐妹城市，他就读的高中现在被称为威廉·O·达比初中。许多军队哨所都有以他的名字命名的训练场或机场。)”可知，第五段主语介绍了人们纪念达比的方式。故选A。
8．C 9．C 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一个名为“生命地图”的全球数据库跟踪生物多样性分布，并预测科学家目前未知的物种可能隐藏在哪里。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the team added a new feature to the database that predicts where species currently unknown to scientists may be hiding. (现在，该团队在数据库中添加了一个新功能，可以预测科学家目前未知的物种可能隐藏在哪里。)”可知，“生命地图”可以预测未被发现的物种在哪里生存。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Smaller animals have limited ranges that may be inaccessible, making their detection more difficult. In contrast, larger animals that occupy greater geographic ranges are more likely to be discovered, the researchers explain. (较小的动物的活动范围有限，可能无法被发现，这使得它们的探测更加困难。研究人员解释说，相比之下，占据更大地理范围的大型动物更有可能被发现。)”可知，动物的大小使动物更容易被发现。故选C。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“t is striking to see the importance of tropical forests as the birthplace of discoveries, stressing the urgent need to protect tropical forests (热带森林作为发现的发源地的重要性令人震惊，强调了保护热带森林的迫切需要)”和后半句“if we want a chance to truly discover our biodiversity, (如果我们想有机会真正发现生物多样性，)”可知，要发现生物多样性，就需要保护热带森林并解决控制森林砍伐率的问题。所以划线词address为“处理，解决”之意。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据最后两段，尤其最后一段“The map comes at a crucial time when Earth is facing a biodiversity crisis. (这张地图的发布正值地球面临生物多样性危机的关键时刻。)”可推断，生命地图对保护生物多样性很重要。故选B。
12．C 13．A 14．D 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使用钙钛矿涂层的太阳能面板可将能源转化效率提高两倍。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“Back then the silicon-based(基于硅的)panels were hugely expensive and turned just 6% of sunlight into electricity. Since then, costs have come down dramatically and today’s silicon solar cells can tur up to 22% of sunlight into power. But they’re nearly maxed out in terms of efficiency. (当时，硅基太阳能板非常昂贵，而且只能将6%的阳光转化为电能。从那时起，成本急剧下降，今天的硅太阳能电池可以将高达22%的阳光转化为电能。但就效率而言，它们几乎已经达到了极限。)”可知，硅基电池板最大的缺点是输出功率相对较低。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“One way to do that is to keep pushing the efficiency or power output up, and this is where perovskites really come into play. (实现这一目标的一种方法是不断提高效率或功率输出，这就是钙钛矿真正发挥作用的地方。)”可知，斯奈斯对钙钛矿态度是赞成的。故选A。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段“As well as improved solar efficiency, they work better than silicon in the shade, on cloudy days or even indoors. (除了提高太阳能效率外，它们在阴凉处、阴天甚至室内的工作效果都比硅要好。)”可知，钙钛矿有可能完全取代硅是因为它们在弱光条件下表现良好。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now, perovskites (钙钛矿)offer the potential for dramatic increases in power output, and they could ultimately replace silicon altogether. (现在，钙钛矿提供了大幅增加功率输出的潜力，它们最终可能完全取代硅。)”及全文可知，主要介绍了使用钙钛矿涂层的太阳能面板可将能源转化效率提高两倍。所以“A potential way to increase solar power output.(增加太阳能输出的潜在方法。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
16．D 17．A 18．F 19．G 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物垃圾降解的常识以及它的危害和如何处理食物垃圾。
16．根据前文“After all, food waste is biodegradable (可生物降解的). It’s not like you’re littering by throwing away a plastic bottle.(毕竟，食物垃圾是可生物降解的。这不像你扔掉一个塑料瓶那样扔垃圾。)”及下文可知，食物垃圾并非我们想得那么简单。所以选择项D“However, food left outdoors can have unexpected impacts.(然而，留在户外的食物可能会产生意想不到的影响。)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
17．这里为本段小标题。根据下文“All human food can attract animals. (所有人类的食物都能吸引动物。)”及本段内容可知，人类所留下的食物垃圾会吸引动物。所以选择项A“Food waste can appeal to animals. (食物垃圾会吸引动物。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
18．根据前句“This can then cause “attraction behavior”, which refers to human actions that cause animals to overcome their natural wariness(警惕)of people. (这就会导致“吸引行为”，这是指人类的行为，使动物克服对人类的天然警惕。)”可知，这种吸引行为产生的不良后果。所以选择项F“This sort of attraction behavior can quickly become dangerous. (这种吸引行为很快就会变得危险。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
19．根据前句“That’s the origin of the phrase: A fed bear is a dead bear.(这就是这个短语的起源：喂饱了的熊就是死熊。)”和后文“Even if a person is injured by a bear, the human usually recovers. The animal, however, is often relocated or killed to prevent further potentially deadly encounters. (即使一个人被熊打伤了，通常也会恢复过来。然而，这种动物经常被重新安置或杀死，以防止进一步潜在的致命遭遇。)”可知，人与动物相遇，往往动物会遭殃。所以选择项G“Because when it comes to human-animal encounters; animals are often the losers. (因为当人与动物相遇时，动物往往是输家。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
20．根据后文“You should properly store and deal with food waste. Don’t attempt to burn or bury it, as food waste is more difficult to burn than you think. Besides, if you see other food waste in nature, pick it up, even if it’s not yours. (你应该妥善储存和处理食物垃圾。不要试图燃烧或掩埋它，因为食物垃圾比你想象的更难燃烧。此外，如果你在大自然中看到其他食物垃圾，即使不是你的，也要把它捡起来。)”可知，处理食物垃圾最好的方法是留给自己。所以选择项C“Keeping your food to yourself is the best solution. (把食物留给自己是最好的解决办法。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
21．A 22．D 23．C 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．D 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫约翰·史密斯的快递司机，在给瑞秋送汉堡包的时候，瑞秋的小女儿拥抱了他，瑞秋看到了，用门铃上的摄像头拍了下来，并且放到了网上。这个小小的举动触动了史密斯和他的前妻，因为他们的女儿刚刚去世，这个小小的拥抱让他们想到了他们的女儿那时那刻还在那里。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：本周，新泽西州的一名汉堡外卖司机收到了比任何小费都特别的东西。A. tip小费；B. fortune财富；C. luck幸运；D. pleasure愉快。根据“A hamburger delivery driver in New Jersey”可知，汉堡外卖司机送外卖可能会收到小费。故选A。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：周日晚上，约翰·史密斯给瑞秋·格林送汉堡包的时候，瑞秋的小女儿跑过来给了他一个大大的拥抱。A. surprise惊讶；B. kiss亲吻；C. gift礼物；D. hug拥抱。根据“The ____12____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith,”可知，瑞秋的小女儿跑过来给了史密斯一个大大的拥抱。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋用门铃摄像头拍下了这一刻，她说：“我把它发布到网上了。事实上，我这样做只是因为我们觉得这很有趣。”A. focused集中；B. captured捕获；C. posted张贴；发布；D. recorded记录。根据“on the Internet.”可知，瑞秋把这段视频发布到网上。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋用门铃摄像头拍下了这一刻，她说：“我把它发布到网上了。事实上，我这样做只是因为我们觉得这很有趣。”A. thrilling毛骨悚然的；B. interesting有趣的；C. formal正式的；D. average平均的。根据“In fact, I just did it because we thought it was ____4____.”可知，瑞秋把这段视频发布到网上只是觉得这很有趣。故选B。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞秋当时不知道的是，这一刻对史密斯来说意味着什么。A. explain解释；B. respond回复；C. mean意味着；D. show展示。根据“and it just meant a ____8____ to me,”可知，这段视频对史密斯来说意味着很多。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：史密斯16岁的女儿和他的前妻住在加州，他的女儿最近去世了。A. passed通过；B. died死；C. faded 逐渐消失；D. put放。pass away去世。根据“After ____7____ my daughter this past week, it just touched me because it was like she was there,”及下文可知，史密斯的女儿刚刚去世了，pass away固定搭配，意为“去世”。故选A。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“上周我失去了女儿，这让我很感动，因为她就在那里，这对我来说意义重大，”他说。A. saving节省；B. treating对待；C. handling处理；D. losing失去。根据“Smith’s 16-year-old daughter, who lived in California with his ex-wife, recently ____6____ away.”可知，史密斯的女儿刚刚去世了，所以他失去了女儿。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“上周我失去了女儿，这让我很感动，因为她就在那里，这对我来说意义重大，”他说。A. ton吨；B. promise诺言；C. mission使命；D. dollar美元。比喻意义重大的词只有ton，It just meant a ton to me意为“这对我来说意义重大”。根据“it just touched me because it was like she was there,”可知，女儿对史密斯说意义重大。故选A。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的前妻米歇尔说，她很感激有人能看到他的痛苦，并能在他身边。A. blessed神圣的；B. guilty有罪的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. appreciative感激的。be appreciative of感激……。根据“the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him.”可知，有人看到了他的痛苦，对于米歇尔来说，她应该是很感激的。故选D。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们很容易忽视这些人以及他们内心的痛苦，”她说。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. demanding要求多的；D. shameful丢脸的。根据“ignore such people and their internal pain,”可知，我们很容易忽略失去亲人的人和他们内心的痛苦。故选B。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的女儿也一样。我们不知道她的痛苦。A. disease疾病；B. strength力量；C. joy喜悦；D. pain疼痛。根据“His ex-wife, Michele, said she was____9____ of the fact that someone saw his pain and could be there for him.”可知，作为父母也不知道女儿的痛苦。故选D。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频传到了史密斯的手中，他联系瑞秋，告诉她这对他有多重要。A. film电影；B. video视频；C. tape磁带；D. camera照相机。根据“Rachel, who caught the moment on the doorbell camera,”可知，这里指通过门铃摄像头拍下的视频。故选B。
33．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他和两岁孩子拥抱的视频传到了史密斯的手中，他联系瑞秋，告诉她这对他有多重要。A. reached out伸出；B. broke in打断；C. made up组成；D. set out出发。reach out to联系。根据“The ____12____of his hug with the 2-year-old made its way to Smith,”可知，看到视频后，史密斯联系了发视频的瑞秋。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个拥抱也许只持续了几秒钟，但史密斯会永远珍惜这一刻。A. moments时刻；B. hours小时；C. minutes分钟；D. seconds秒。根据“The hug may have lasted”和常识可知，拥抱只持续了短短的几秒钟。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这件事意味着什么，让我想，‘哇，也许她就在那里，’”他说。A. struggle努力；B. intention目的；C. incident事件；D. attempt尝试。根据“means something, and makes me think,’ Wow, maybe she’s there,’”可知，这件事对史密斯意味着很多。故选C。
36．officially 37．in 38．an 39．symbolizing 40．brightness 41．That 42．features 43．was drawn 44．our 45．to fight
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国奥运代表团参赛服的设计工作花了两年时间。去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。
36．考查副词。句意：去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词officially修饰谓语were confirmed。故填officially。
37．考查介词。句意：去年3月，中国奥运代表团参加东京奥运会的队服最终设计正式确定。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语participate in sth“参加……”，满足句意要求。故填in。
38．考查冠词。句意：由于运动员的外表是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为红色是中国国旗的主色调，在中国文化中象征着活力、激情和欢乐。根据句意以及空后eye-catching color为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一种引人注目的颜色”为泛指概念，结合eye为首音节元音单词，所以为不定冠词an的填入。故填an。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于运动员的外表是开幕式的焦点，像红色这样引人注目的颜色是首选，特别是因为红色是中国国旗的主色调，在中国文化中象征着活力、激情和欢乐。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词symbolize和逻辑主语it为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填symbolizing。
40．考查名词。句意：白色代表着光明、纯洁和灵性，在服装设计中起到了缓冲的作用。由空后的purity以及and连接的spirituality皆为名词可知，此处也应为名词brightness，构成并列宾语成分，为不可数名词。故填brightness。
41．考查主语从句。句意：在奥运会开幕式上，红色与白色的结合很好地反映了设计的主题:“开一个好头”。分析句子可知，从句引导主语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，且句意完整，应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填That。
42．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：女运动员白色礼服的下摆是中国的国花——牡丹。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语The hem为单数名词，所以为动词的三单形式。故填features。
43．考查动词时态语态。句意：图案的来源是取自明朝（1368- 1644）的牡丹碗，这是我们中国传统美学的代表。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合Ming Dynasty（1368- 1644）时间状语可知，此处应为一般过去时，主语The source for the pattern为单数名词和动词draw from为被动关系，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was drawn。
44．考查代词。句意：图案的来源是取自明朝（1368- 1644）的牡丹碗，这是我们中国传统美学的代表。由空后Chinese aesthetics为名词短语可知，此处为形容词性物主代词修饰该名词短语。故填our。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：它体现了中国奥运团队为国家荣誉而共同奋斗的精神。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词中的动词不定式作后置定语修饰the spirit，为惯用短语the spirit to do“做某事的精神”，满足句意要求。故填to fight。
46．Dear Miss Zhao,
I am Li Hua, a high school student. Learning from the newspaper that some volunteers are needed for a Traditional Cultural Festival, I am writing to apply for this position.
Having a good knowledge of culture, I can give visitors a vivid introduction. Besides, I have volunteered in some activities, which equips me with varieties of relevant experience. Most importantly, outgoing and enthusiastic, I’m keen on being a volunteer, providing service. I’m convinced I will do a good job.
I would be very grateful if you could take me into consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生阅读报纸上的一则招募启事并写一封应征邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
需要：need →want
此外：besides → what’s more
相关的：relevant →related
感激：be grateful→ appreciate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am Li Hua, a high school student.
拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is a high school student.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, I have volunteered in some activities, which equips me with varieties of relevant experience.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could take me into consideration.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）
47．Lily had butterflies in her stomach as she stepped onto the big stage. Excitement and nervousness ran through her body, disturbing yet inspiring her. Seeing Shanda smiling brightly in the audience, she calmed down a bit. Determination to succeed convinced her that she couldn't give up. With the dance music on, she danced to it in harmony, showing that she hadn't spent a year in vain. To her surprise, she danced with heart and soul, standing out from all the participants. She finally won the championship，and the whole audience applauded warmly.
Lily felt very excited when the hostess asked her to make a speech. With the gold medal in hand, she said loudly, “I owe my success to Shanda. She taught me better dance movements and techniques. More importantly，she taught me the true love of dance. It struck me what Shanda said about dance—dance for dance itself, to get away from all your problems, and to get away from reality. I come to know what dance really means now.” With happy tears running down her cheeks, she rushed down to Shanda, giving her a big hug.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了舞蹈选手Lily的舞蹈生涯中非常重要的人物：亦师亦友的Shanda, 是她给了Lily跳舞的勇气、灵感以及对舞蹈的真正理解。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Lily走上大舞台时，感到非常紧张。”可知，第一段可描写Lily参加比赛的的心情以及应对措施，并赢得了比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“女主持人要求Lily演讲时，Lily感到非常兴奋。”可知，第二段可描写Lily获奖的感想以及对Shanda表达感激之情。
2.续写线索：走上舞台——心情紧张又兴奋——调整情绪——赢得比赛——发表获奖感言——表达感激之情
3.词汇激活
行为类
①贯穿全身：run through her body /go throughout the whole body / penetrate the whole body
②给我印象深刻：It struck me / It impressed me
③鼓励：inspire/encourage/hearten
情绪类
①惊讶：To her surprise / To her amazement
②高兴：happy tears / delighted tears
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I come to know what dance really means now. （由连接词what引导的宾语从句作know的宾语）
[高分句型2]. With happy tears running down her cheeks, she rushed down to Shanda, giving her a big hug. （运用了with复合结构以及现在分词短语giving her a big hug做伴随状语）
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