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    2022-2023学年广东省清远市清城区博爱学校高二(下)第一次质检英语试卷含解析

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    2022-2023学年广东省清远市清城区博爱学校高二(下)第一次质检英语试卷含解析

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    这是一份2022-2023学年广东省清远市清城区博爱学校高二(下)第一次质检英语试卷含解析,共27页。试卷主要包含了5分)等内容,欢迎下载使用。
    绝密★启用前
    高二(下)第一次质检英语试卷
    学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________
    注意事项:
    1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
    2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
    3.考试结束后,本试卷和答题卡一并交回。


    第I卷(选择题)

    一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)
    A
        France is a country of great food, great fashion, and great art. It is also the birthplace of various painting movements and has been home to the world's most influential painters.
        Claude Monet
        Claude Monet started the Impressionist movement that completely changed the face of French painting in the second half of the 19th century. He first started out with selling charcoal pictures in Paris and started painting with oil after meeting Eugene Boudin. Eugene, who taught him to use oil paints, also encouraged him to paint outdoors. Later he mastered the technique and painted with his own style.
        Vincent van Gogh
        Vincent van Gogh was a post-Impressionist French painter of Dutch origin, whose work had a huge influence on the 20th century art. His early works consisted more of somber(忧伤的) earth tones. However, influenced by Gauguin, Monet, Pissarro, and Bernard, he adopted brighter colors in his works, started experimenting with various techniques and formed his own one. Having produced more than 2, 000 works of art, the artist sold only one painting during his lifetime-The Red Vineyard at Arles.
        Edouard Manet
        As one of the first artists to paint modern life, he began to paint in his own style, maintaining some of Couture's technique like the use of thick lines and dark colors. He was greatly influenced by Claude Monet and Berthe Morisot, which can be seen in his use of light shades. Most of his paintings show scenes from daily life on the streets of Paris.
        Camille Pissarro
        In his early years, Pissarro painted scenes of rivers or paths from memory. After meeting Paul Cezanne, who shared his interest of painting in a more realistic style, he changed his course to Impressionism. During his career, he experimented with various styles and formed his own one.
    1. Who was one of the founders of the Impressionist movement?
    A. Claude Monet. B. Vincent van Gogh.
    C. Edouard Manet. D. Camille Pissarro.
    2. How do we know Edouard Manet was influenced by Claude Monet and Berthe Morisot?
    A. From his use of thick lines.
    B. From his use of dark colors.
    C. From his use of light shades.
    D. From his paintings about daily life.
    3. What did the four painters have in common?
    A. They were all French origin.
    B. They all learned to paint outdoors.
    C. They were all taught by famous artists.
    D. They all formed their own painting styles.
    B
    For quite some time I have had an interest in the situation of the homeless.I have read about it,prayed over it,and have done small things to help.But feeling that I could,and should do more to make a difference,I concluded that living as a homeless man -- at least for a very brief period -- was the best way to understand what it's like to have no place to call home.
    I decided that St.Vincent de Paul Catholic Church would be my first stop.Since the church opens its basement to homeless people every Friday for a hot meal St.Vincent's was symbolically a very good place to start my day as a homeless man.
    After praying before the Blessed Sacrament,I hit the subfreezing streets with no money.I got into a line of men,women and children waiting to be admitted into the dining room where a free hot meal is served every day.
    From there I walked to Health Care for the Homeless -- an organization dedicated to providing free medical care to people who have no permanent residence.Inside were about 75 homeless women and men waiting to be seen by a nurse.There I spoke with an older man who had serious family problems that caused his homelessness.
    Next,I stopped at a hotel and fast-food restaurant asking if they were hiring.From there I walked the streets of downtown Baltimore asking people for a little loose change to buy a cup of coffee.I politely approached approximately 35 people.About 30 of them ignored me,and said they didn't have any money,or simply said no.But five people did offer me a small donation.I explained what I was doing,and thankfully declined their generosity.
    Later that night,as I walked back to my vehicle,I realized that I was a richer person for having lived one day as a homeless man.I thought about the homeless men and women I encountered,and their problems.
    4. Why did the author decide to make a start from the church? ______
    A. Only it offered the homeless a hot meal.
    B. It impressed the author in many ways.
    C. It had a routine of opening to the homeless.
    D. Many homeless people were allowed to live in the basement.
    5. What did the author do while he was in Health Care for the Homeless? ______
    A. He had a word with a homeless man.
    B. He helped an older man with family problems.
    C. He knew it was too miserable to have no money.
    D. He had a hot meal with some women and children.
    6. What can we infer from the fifth paragraph? ______
    A. The author worked a few hours in the restaurant.
    B. People should have cared about the homeless more.
    C. No food restaurants agreed to hire a homeless man.
    D. Very few people looked down upon the homeless.
    7. What would the author most probably do in the future? ______
    A. He would treasure what he had got in life.
    B. He would spend more time with the homeless.
    C. He would find a better way to help the homeless.
    D. He would frequently invite the homeless to his home.
    C
    Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac,a device to help save people's life,to a fire department about 18 months ago,when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices.Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih's invention,which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don't work.He has sold about 5,000 LifeVac devices in the United States and abroad since the device went on the market in August 2014.
        The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lih's clients.It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks,as well as in chiefs' vehicles,said Ray Maguire,the department's executive director. "It's an extra tool in the toolbox," Maguire said. "I'd be surprised if anyone who sees it doesn't purchase it.It's that tool you may only need once,but it's the tool you really want in case you need it.It's affordable.I have it in my car.I have one at home,too."
        Dr.Lee Smith at Northwell Health said that if a choking victim can't breathe,he or she becomes a candidate for the Heimlich.If the Heimlich doesn't work,the victim would probably lose consciousness because of a lack of oxygen.
        A challenge for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe.In tests,the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times,according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine.
        Lih invented the product in his garage,inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friend's mother was going through tests.The friend said the last time he was there,a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape.
    8. What's the function of the LifeVac device?       
    A. To put out the fire. B. To remove foreign objects.
    C. To design procedures. D. To treat victims' throats.
    9. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the invention?       
    A. Its target users. B. Its practical necessity.
    C. Its major advantages. D. Its reasonable price.
    10. What inspired Lih to invent the product?       
    A. A kid's death. B. His client's suggestion.
    C. A garage accident. D. Material rewards.
    11. What is the text mainly about?       
    A. A productive inventor. B. A convincing cure.
    C. An anti-choking device. D. An important toolbox.
    D
    Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection it s protecting,just like a traffic light,as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.The traffic light system works just like this:Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria,yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics (抗生素)and causes antibiotic release,and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.
        In testing the bandage on mice,the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method.However,the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time,the requirement for professional personnel,and expensive instruments.Moreover,the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.
        It's easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesn't have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis,and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.What's more,the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what's happening with the infection,if there's an infection at all.The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light.
        We've been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years,thanks to advances in science-like the nanofibre mesh (纳米纤维网)that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out,speeding up the healing process.Then there's the  novel bandage for treating burns,which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.
        The more work that a bandage can do while it's protecting a wound,the better.Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we've got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics,but also tells the patient exactly what's going on too.
    12. Which of the following advantages is NOT mentioned for the smart bandage?       
    A. It prevents bacterial resistance.
    B. Much time and cost can be saved.
    C. Bacterial infections can be detected soon.
    D. Antibiotic can be released if a DS light shows.
    13. What can we infer from the third paragraph?       
    A. The advantages of the new bandage outweigh those of traditional ones.
    B. A person with the smart bandage can cure himself of any wound.
    C. Doctors can make a diagnosis with the help of the new bandage.
    D. The new smart bandage still has a lot of drawbacks.
    14. What does the underline word "novel"  mean in the fourth paragraph?       
    A Useful.
    A. New. B. Virtual. D Fashionable.
    15. What's the best title of the passage?       
    A. Prevention of Abuse of Antibiotics
    B. A Successful Test on Bacterial Infection
    C. Introduction to A Color-changing Bandage
    D. A New Treatment on Drug-resistance Bacteria

    二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共12.5分)
    Four surprising ways to boost your heart health
        As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.Some strategies,such as exercising and managing weight,are well known. (1)        "A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run, " says preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson,a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke (中风) Foundation of Canada.
        Get eight hours of sleep.
        If we don't have enough sleep,our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure,inflammation and glucose levels. (2)       
        (3)        Doing good for others helps your self-respect and relieves stress.Research issued in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.Depending on the type of work you do,volunteering might even increase your physical activity.
        Avoid polluted air.
        Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. (4)         Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts,and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.
        Laugh.
        A 2016 study in the Journal of Epidemiology of more than 20,000 people over the age of 65 found a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease in those who reported laughing every day. (5)         It may also serve as a mini-workout,helping your circulation and protecting the health of your arteries (动脉).

    A.Be kind to others.
    B.Engage in volunteer work.
    C.You should laugh everyday.
    D.Laughter reduces stress and depression.
    E.But others may not have crossed your mind.
    F.These factors can all have an impact on heart health.
    G.Even short periods of it are unhealthy for people with other cardiovascular risks
    16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
    17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
    18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
    19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
    20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G

    三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,共15.0分)
    On a bright sunny day,I stared my day off by volunteering at the L.A.Food Bank.My reason for volunteering at the food bank was to satisfy my need to help others and leave a (1)        ,however small a difference it is,in someone's world.As I (2)         the food bank,there were lots of people there.The room appeared to be (3)         as people waited in lines to (4)         with coordinators (协调员).
        Everybody volunteering began heading quickly to their given (5)         after checking in.Coordinators (6)         me to repackage donated food items (物品) from local food drives after being sorted and (7)         by other volunteer.When I (8)         the donated food items,each bag had to contain the correct amount of food items.As a team,we effectively worked similarly to a (9)         assembly (装配) line as the items continuously moved down the row to volunteers.My task required a lot of (10)         when trying to work swiftly with my hands while ensuring that items placed in bags were correctly (11)        .Here I had a chance to communicate with a variety of people while improving my (12)         skills.We worked together as a team to (13)         that our task was going effectively.
        By helping pack food items,I was able to make as significant impact on my community by helping people fight (14)         and giving them hope for a better life.After this experience,I feel a sense of (15)         within me which does not usually happen.
    21.  A. change B. message C. blank D. chance
    22.  A. established B. examined C. entered D. equipped
    23.  A. shabby B. steady C. tidy D. noisy
    24.  A. check in B. give up C. show off D. move out
    25.  A. aid B. duties C. awards D. test
    26.  A. appointed B. begged C. forced D. persuaded
    27.  A. consumed B. inspected C. searched D. replaced
    28.  A. abandoned B. delivered C. packed D. explored
    29.  A. studio B. factory C. museum D. theatre
    30.  A. focus B. respect C. wisdom D. ambition
    31.  A. understood B. counted C. led D. heard
    32.  A. leadership B. technical C. social D. business
    33.  A. prove B. discover C. stress D. guarantee
    34.  A. fear B. loneliness C. hunger D. doubt
    35.  A. direction B. identity C. belonging D. satisfaction
    第II卷(非选择题)
    四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)
    36. Inside the 9th exhibition hall at Hong Kong Palace Museum ( HKPM) ,paintings and sculptures both(1)        Louvre Museum and the Palace Museum in Beijing reflect one theme (2)         ( precise):a historical China-West exchange.
        Since the museum opened to the public in July,the museum has welcomed (3)        large number of tourists and constant new exhibitions.For those(4)        are in charge,it seems they have a rather u permanent mission:making the HKPM a(5)        ( globe ) center for cultural exchanges between the East and West.
        Among the new 69 relics (遗址)are a set of three paintings from the Album of Beasts, (6)        (create) by noble painters Yu Sheng and Zhang Weibang during the Qing Dynasty.The 180-page Album of Beasts has been considered as a(7)        ( combine ) of reality and imagination,as well as
    the Orient and Europe,as the two artists painted images of animals from Chinese classics(8)        (use) light and shadow techniques typical of Western art.The introduction to the painting explains that this kind of animal (9)        ( see) as a flying horse when walking on land,but when it flies it becomes the North Star.
        For the staff,the best way to introduce to visitors the historic integration between the East and the West (10)        (be) to put what the paintings convey right where they can see them.
    (1)
    (2)
    五、书面表达(本大题共2小题,共40.0分)
    37. 假定你是李华,你所在的班明天英语课前有一个简短的演讲.请你写一篇关于倡议养成健康生活习惯的演讲稿,内容包括:
    1. 演讲的主题;
    2. 健康生活习惯的重要性;
    3. 2-3条健康生活习惯的建议.
    注意:
    1. 词数100左右;
    2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯.
    38. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
    Peter woke up early in the morning.He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. "Why are you in such a hurry,early bird?" Mum asked him." We will have an English spelling test today,Mum, " Peter said."Mr.White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100."
    Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school.At last,it was time for the students to have a test. "Responsibility, "Mr.White started.Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently.
    "The second word:contribution," Mr.White said. "So easy." Peter thought happily.He quickly wrote the word down.Thirty words later,the test papers were collected by Mr.White.After marking the test papers,Mr.White said, "Three of you win a prize today for excellent test scores.Peter,David and Mary get 100 on the spelling test !"
    Mr.White praised them.Meanwhile,he gave the three students each a dictionary.Peter's was an English-Chinese dictionary - the one he liked best.Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered.
    After Mr.White gave the test paper back,Peter had a look at the words,feeling proud of his spelling.All of a sudden,the word "contribution" confused him.It didn't seem right.Peter began to compare it with the one on the word list.It turned out that he had spelled it wrong.
    Staring at the red sign "100" which was written on his test paper,Peter was lost in thought.After a while,he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, "We ought to be an honest person."

    注意:
    1.续写词数应为150左右;
    2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    Peter raised his hand slowly and nervously.
    __________________________
    Peter didn't expect that his teacher would praise him for being honest.
    _________________________
    答案和解析

    1~3.【答案】A、C、D
    【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍四位有名的画家以及他们对世界绘画艺术产生了巨大的影响。
    1. 根据Claude Monet部分中Claude Monet started the Impressionist movement that completely changed the face of French painting in the second half of the 19th century.(Claude Monet开创了印象派运动,彻底改变了19世纪下半叶法国绘画的面貌。)可知,克Claude Monet开始了印象派运动,所以是印象派运动的创始人。故选A。
    2. 
    根据Edouard Manet部分中He was greatly influenced by Claude Monet and Berthe Morisot, which can be seen in his use of light shades.(他深受Claude Monet和Berthe Morisot的影响,这可以从他对光的色调的运用中看出。)可知,从光的色调中可以看出他受到了Claude Monet和Berthe Morisot的影响。故选C。
    3. 
    根据Claude Monet中Later he mastered the technique and painted with his own style.和Vincent van Gogh中he adopted brighter colors in his works, started experimenting with various techniques and formed his own one和Edouard Manet中he began to paint in his own style以及Camille Pissarro中he experimented with various styles and formed his own one可知,这四位画家都形成了自己独特的绘画风格。故选D。


    4~7.【答案】C、A、B、C
    【解析】(1)C.细节理解题。根据第二段的"Since the church opens its basement to homeless people every Friday for a hot meal,St.Vincent's was symbolically a very good place to start my day as a homeless man"(由于教堂每周五向无家可归的人开放地下室,让他们吃一顿热饭。St.Vincent's是我作为一个流浪汉开始一天生活的象征)由此推断出作者决定从教堂开始,因为它有一个对无家可归者开放的惯例。故选C。
    (2)A.细节理解题。由第四段的"There I spoke with an older man who had serious family problems that caused his homelessness"(在那里,我和一位老人交谈,他有严重的家庭问题,导致他无家可归)可知,作者在Health Care for the Homeless时与一名无家可归者交谈。故选A。
    (3)B.推理判断题。由第五段的"I politely approached approximately 35 people.About 30 of them ignored me,and said they didn't have any money,or simply said no.But five people did offer me a small donation"(我礼貌地接近了大约35个人。他们中大约有30人无视我,说他们没有钱,或者干脆说没有。但是有五个人给了我一小笔捐款)可知,在社会上人们对流浪者的关注甚微,因此需要人们更多地关注这个人群。故选B。
    (4)C.推理判断题。由第一段的"But feeling that I could,and should,do more to make a difference"(但我觉得我可以,也应该,做更多的事情来改变世界)和最后一段的"Later that night,as I walked back to my vehicle,I realized that I was a richer person for having lived one day as a homeless man.I thought about the homeless men and women I encountered,and their problems"(那天晚上晚些时候,当我走回我的车时,我意识到我作为一个无家可归的人生活了一天,所以我变得更富有了。我想到了我遇到的无家可归的男人和女人,以及他们的问题)可知,作者将来会找到一个更好的方法来帮助无家可归的人。故选C。
    本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者为了更好地帮助大街上的流浪人员,决定亲自做一天流浪者,亲身体会一下他们到底需要什么,以便能给他们更好的帮助。
    阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。

    8~11.【答案】B、B、A、C
    【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac,a device to help save people's life,to a fire department about 18 months ago,when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices.Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih's invention,which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don't work. (大约18个月前,马萨皮加的亚瑟•李把他的第一台救生设备卖给了一个消防部门,当时杰里科消防部门购买了21台这个救生设备。现在大约有10个长岛消防部门购买了李的发明,该发明旨在当海姆利克氏急救法等程序不起作用时,从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物。)可知,李发明的 LifeVac是救生设备,用来取出窒息受害者的喉咙中的异物。故选B。
    (2)段落大意题。根据第二段The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lih's clients.It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks,as well as in chiefs' vehicles,said Ray Maguire,the department's executive director. "It's an extra tool in the toolbox," Maguire said. "I'd be surprised if anyone who sees it doesn't purchase it.It's that tool you may only need once,but it's the tool you really want in case you need it.It's affordable.I have it in my car.I have one at home,too."(自由港消防局是Lih的客户之一。该部门的执行主任雷•马奎尔(Ray Maguire)说,他们购买了大约25台LifeVac设备,安装在卡车上,以及局长的车辆上。"这是工具箱里的一个额外工具,"马奎尔说。"如果看到它的人不购买它,我会感到惊讶。这种工具你可能只需要一次,但它是你真正想要的工具,以防你需要它。它是负担得起的。我车里就有。我家里也有一个。")可知,借助于客户,宣传这个发明是一个非常实用的必需品,车上配一个,可做到有备无患。故选B。
    (3)细节理解题。根据最后一段Lih invented the product in his garage,inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friend's mother was going through tests.The friend said the last time he was there,a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape. (李在他的车库里发明了这款产品,灵感出自于他和一个朋友去医院,当时朋友的母亲正在做检查。这位朋友说,上次他在那里的时候,一个7岁的孩子被一颗葡萄噎死。)可知,这个孩子被葡萄噎着了,但是去了医院也没被救回来,说明海姆立克急救法没奏效,这个孩子的死亡促成Lih发明这个救生设备。故选A。
    (4)主旨大意题。通读全文,尤其是第一段Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih's invention,which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don't work. (现在大约有10个长岛消防部门购买了李的发明,该发明旨在当海姆利克氏急救法等程序不起作用时,从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物。)可知,本文介绍了Lih发明的可以防止喉咙处异物阻塞致死的一套设备。故选C。
    本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了马萨皮加的亚瑟•李在听闻了海姆立克急救法无法解救一个被葡萄噎着的7岁的孩子,最终窒息而死的事件之后,在自家车库里发明了一套救生设备,能帮助从窒息受害者的喉咙中抽出异物,他的这套设备有效且安全,已销售5000套。
    阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

    12~15.【答案】A、A、B、C
    【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics (抗生素) and causes antibiotic release (黄色表示对标准抗生素有反应并导致抗生素释放的药物敏感细菌)可知D项符合文章内容,再根据第二段However,the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time,the requirement for professional personnel,and expensive instruments.Moreover,the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance. (然而,常用的电阻传感方法受限于时间、对专业人员的要求和昂贵的仪器。此外,抗生素的滥用会加速细菌耐药的过程。)和第三段It's easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesn't have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis,and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.What's more,the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what's happening with the infection,if there's an infection at all. (很容易看出,一个简单的绷带和灯光可以克服这些限制。治疗不需要等待医生做出诊断,而且绷带可以在最早的时候使用正确的药物。更重要的是,如果真的有感染,戴着绷带的人会得到感染情况的实时反馈。)可知B,C符合文意,所以A选项"它能防止细菌耐药性。"没有提到,故选A。
    (2)推理判断题。根据第三段It's easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesn't have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis,and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.What's more,the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what's happening with the infection,if there's an infection at all.The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light. (很容易看出,一个简单的绷带和灯光可以克服这些限制。治疗不需要等待医生做出诊断,而且绷带可以在最早的时候使用正确的药物。更重要的是,如果真的有感染,戴着绷带的人会得到感染情况的实时反馈。研究人员表示,与现有的利用光线的治疗方法相比,它有很多好处。)可知从第三段我们可以推断出新绷带的优点超过了传统绷带。故选A。
    (3)词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子We've been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years,thanks to advances in science-like the nanofibre mesh (纳米纤维网)that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out,speeding up the healing process.Then there's the  novel bandage for treating burns,which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.(近年来,由于科学的进步,我们已经看到了对传统绷带的不少升级,比如纳米纤维网,它可以吸引细菌,并将部分细菌排出,加快愈合过程。还有一种治疗烧伤的新型绷带,它可以阻止细菌繁殖,降低感染的风险。)所以 novel意为"新的",A Useful.有用的;B.New.新的;C.Virtual.虚拟的;D Fashionable.时尚的。故选B。
    (4)标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection it's protecting,just like a traffic light,as well as release the right type of drugs on demand. (科学家开发了一种新型智能绷带,它可以像红绿灯一样发出保护细菌感染类型的信号,并根据需要释放正确类型的药物。)并结合文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。所以可知文章主要就是介绍一种新型绷带,所以 "C.Introduction to A Color-changing Bandage"为最佳标题。故选C。
    本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型智能绷带,它可以像红绿灯一样发出保护细菌感染类型的信号,并根据需要释放正确类型的药物,还说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。
    阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

    16~20.【答案】E、F、B、G、D
    【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据上文As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.Some strategies,such as exercising and managing weight,are well known.(通过选择特定的生活方式,多达80%的早产儿心脏病是可以预防的。一些策略,如锻炼和控制体重,是众所周知的。)以及下文"A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run," says preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson,a spokesperson for the Heart and Stroke (中风) Foundation of Canada.(加拿大心脏和中风基金会发言人、预防心脏病专家贝丝•艾布拉姆森博士说:"日常生活中的一个小小的改变,从长远来看可能会产生巨大的影响。")可知,前后是转折关系,故E项But others may not have crossed your mind.(但你可能没想过别的。)承上启下,符合语境。故选E。
    (2)推理判断题。根据上文If we don't have enough sleep,our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure,inflammation and glucose levels. (如果我们没有足够的睡眠,我们的身体也很难控制血压、炎症和血糖水平。)可知,缺少足够的睡眠会导致我们很难控制血压,炎症和血糖水平,空处指出血压,炎症和血糖水平得不到控制后对心脏产生一定的影响,故F项These factors can all have an impact on heart health.(这些因素都会对心脏健康产生影响。)承上启下,符合语境,"These factors"指代上文提到的blood pressure,inflammation and glucose levels。故选F。
    (3)标题选择题。此处是本段小标题。根据下文Doing good for others helps your self-respect and relieves stress.Research issued in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.Depending on the type of work you do,volunteering might even increase your physical activity.(为他人做好事有助于你的自尊和减轻压力。2016年心身疾病发布的研究表明,生活的目标感与较低的心脏病发作和中风的可能性有关。根据你的工作类型,志愿者活动甚至可能增加你的体力活动。)可知,做志愿者活动能降低心脏病发作的可能性,故B项Engage in volunteer work.(从事志愿者工作。)适合做本段小标题。故选B。
    (4)推理判断题。根据上文Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease.(长期接触这种污染会增加患心脏病的风险。)以及下文 Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts,and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.(尽量让你的户外运动远离高速公路和工业区,当空气质量指数较差时,花更多的时间在室内。)可知,空处应该也讲述接触空气污染对心脏的危害,故G项Even short periods of it are unhealthy for people with other cardiovascular risks(即使是很短的一段时间,对于有其他心血管疾病风险的人来说也是不健康的)承上启下,符合语境。故选G。
    (5)推理判断题。根据上文A 2016 study in the Journal of Epidemiology of more than 20,000 people over the age of 65 found a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease in those who reported laughing every day. (2016年发表在《流行病学杂志》上的一项研究发现,那些被报告每天大笑的人患心血管疾病的风险较低。该研究调查了20000多名65岁以上的老年人。)可知,空处应该大笑的好处,故D项Laughter reduces stress and depression.(笑可以减轻压力和抑郁。)承接上文,符合语境。下文"It"代指选项中的"Laughter"。故选D。
    这是一篇说明文。日常生活中的一个小小的改变,从长远来看可能会对预防心脏病产生巨大的影响。文章主要介绍了几个这样的改变。
    七选五阅读是完成性阅读,和完形填空很类似,不同的是一个选词,一个选句子。解题时,要注意上下文语境,充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词),选出最符合语境的句子。

    21~35.【答案】A、C、D、A、B、A、B、C、B、A、B、C、D、C、A
    【解析】(1)考查名词及语境理解。A.change改变;B.message信息;C.blank空白;D.chance机会。句意:我在食物银行做志愿者的原因是为了满足我帮助他人的需要,并在某人的世界中留下改变,无论这是多么微小的不同。根据后文"however small a difference it is"可知是改变他们的世界。故选A项。
    (2)考查动词及语境理解。A.established建立;B.examined检查;C.entered进入;D.equipped装备。句意:当我进入食物银行时,那里有很多人。根据后文"there were lots of people there"可知是"进入"。故选C项。
    (3)考查形容词及语境理解。A.shabby破旧的;B.steady稳定的;C.tidy整洁的;D.noisy吵闹的。句意:当人们排队等候与协调员登记时,房间似乎很吵。根据后文"as people waited in lines"可知,排队时应该是很吵的。故选D项。
    (4)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.check in登记;B.give up放弃;C.show off炫耀;D.move out搬出。句意:当人们排队等候与协调员登记时,房间似乎很吵。根据后文"after checking in"可知,前面排队是为了登记。故选A项。
    (5)考查名词及语境理解。A.aid帮助;B.duties职责;C.awards奖励;D.test考验。句意:每个志愿服务的人在登记入住后都开始迅速前往各自的岗位。根据前文"heading quickly to"可知是履行职责。故选B项。
    (6)考查动词及语境理解。A.appointed指派;B.begged祈求;C.forced强迫;D.persuaded说服。句意:协调员指定我在其他志愿者分拣和检查后,重新包装来自当地食品中心的捐赠食品。根据后文"to repackage donated food items"可知,是协调员让我去做这件事,故表述为指派符合句意。故选A项。
    (7)考查动词及语境理解。A.consumed消耗;B.inspected检查;C.searched搜寻;D.replaced代替。句意:协调员指定我在其他志愿者分拣和检查后,重新包装来自当地食品中心的捐赠食品。根据后文"to repackage donated food items (物品) from local food drives after being sorted"可知,应该就是检查。故选B项。
    (8)考查动词及语境理解。A.abandoned丢弃;B.delivered传送;C.packed打包;D.explored探究。句意:当我打包捐赠的食物时,每个袋子必须装有正确数量的食物。根据前文"to repackage donated food items"可知,作者打包了食物。故选C项。
    (9)考查名词及语境理解。A.studio工作室;B.factory工厂;C.museum博物馆;D.theatre剧院。句意:作为一个团队,我们有效地像工厂流水线一样工作,因为物品不断沿着一行向下移动到志愿者手中。根据后文"as the items continuously moved down"可知,作者把他们的工作比喻为工厂的流水线。故选B项。
    (10)考查名词及语境理解。A.focus注意力;B.respect尊重;C.wisdom智慧;D.ambition野心。句意:在我努力用手快速工作,同时还要确保放在袋子里的物品被正确计数时,我的任务需要集中精力。根据后文"trying to work swiftly with my hands while ensuring that items placed in bags were correctly counted"可知,这种工作需要的是绝对的专注。故选A项。
    (11)考查动词及语境理解。A.understood理解;B.counted数数;C.led引导;D.heard听见。句意:在我努力用手快速工作,同时还要确保放在袋子里的物品被正确计数时,我的任务需要集中精力。根据前文"the correct amount of food items"可知,在打包食物时要清点数量。故选B项。
    (12)考查名词或形容词及语境理解。A.leadership领导力;B.technical技术的;C.social社交的;D.business商业。句意:在这里,我有机会与各种各样的人交流,同时提高我的社交技能。根据前文"I had a chance to communicate with a variety of people"可知,多与人交流能提高社交能力。故选C项。
    (13)考查动词及语境理解。A.prove证明;B.discover发现;C.stress压迫;D.guarantee保证。句意:我们作为一个团队起工作,以确保我们的任务有效进行。根据后文"our task was going effectively"可知,任务有效进行需要团结合作才能保证的。故选D项。
    (14)考查名词及语境理解。A.fear害怕;B.loneliness孤独;C.hunger饥饿;D.doubt怀疑。句意:通过帮助人们战胜饥饿,给他们带来美好生活的希望,我对我所在的社区产生了重大影响。根据前文第一段"volunteering at the L.A.Food Bank"可知是为了消除饥饿。故选C项。
    (15)考查名词及语境理解。A.direction方向;B.identity身份;C.belonging所属物;D.satisfaction满足。句意:我内心有一种平常不会有的满足感。根据前文"My reason for volunteering at the food bank was to satisfy my need"可知是"满足"。故选D项。
    这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在食物银行做志愿者,打包食物,帮助了他人,也收获了满足感。
    做完形填空首先要通读全文,了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格,所以,必须先通读一至两遍,才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句,做一句。其次要逐句分析,前后一致。选择答案时,要考虑整个句子的内容,包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后,再通读一遍文章,检查是否通顺流畅,用词得当,意思正确。

    36.【答案】【小题1】from
    【小题2】precisely
    【解析】(1)考查介词。句意:在香港故宫博物院第9展厅内,来自卢浮宫和北京故宫博物院的绘画和雕塑准确地反映了一个主题:历史上的中西交流。根据句意表示"来自"应用介词from,此处为介词短语作后置定语,修饰名词短语paintings and sculptures。故填from。
    (2)考查副词。句意:在香港故宫博物院第9展厅内,来自卢浮宫和北京故宫博物院的绘画和雕塑准确地反映了一个主题:历史上的中西交流。分析可知,此处应用副词作状语,修饰动词reflect。故填precisely。
    (3)考查冠词。句意:自7月对公众开放以来,博物馆迎来了大量游客和不断的新展览。a large number of"大量的",固定短语。故填a。
    (4)考查定语从句关系词。句意:对于这些负责人来说,他们似乎有一个相当持久的使命:让香港故宫博物院成为东西方文化交流的全球中心。分析句子结构可知,此处引导定语从句,先行词为those(people),指人,在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
    (5)考查形容词。句意:对于这些负责人来说,他们似乎有一个相当持久的使命:让香港故宫博物院成为东西方文化交流的全球中心。分析可知,此处应用形容词global"全球的"作定语,修饰后文名词center。故填global。
    (6)考查过去分词。句意:在新展出的69件文物中,有一套《兽谱》中的三幅画,由清代贵族画家于胜和张维邦创作。分析可知,此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语,动词create与其逻辑主语paintings之间是动宾关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填created。
    (7)考查可数名词单数。句意:长达180页的《动物画册》被认为是现实与想象、东方与欧洲的结合,两位艺术家用西方典型的光影技术描绘了中国经典中的动物形象。根据冠词a可知,此处应用可数名词单数作介词as的宾语,a combination of"……的结合"。故填combination。
    (8)考查现在分词。句意:长达180页的《动物画册》被认为是现实与想象、东方与欧洲的结合,两位艺术家用西方典型的光影技术描绘了中国经典中的动物形象。分析可知,句中已有谓语动词painted,故设空处应用非谓语动词作方式状语,动词use与其逻辑主语two artists之间是主动关系,故应用现在分词形式作状语。故填using。
    (9)考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:这幅画的介绍解释说,这种动物在陆地上行走时被视为飞马,但当它飞行时,它就变成了北极星。分析可知,所填词为句子谓语动词,根据语境及主句时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,主语this kind of animal和动词see之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语this kind of animal为单数,be动词应用is。故填is seen。
    (10)考查时态及主谓一致。句意:对于工作人员来说,向游客介绍东西方历史融合的最佳方式是把画作所传达的内容放在他们能看到的地方。结合语境可知,句子是在陈述客观事实,谓语动词应用一般现在时,句子主语the best way为单数,be动词应用单数形式is。故填is。
    本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了香港故宫博物院开展的以"历史上的中西交流"为主题的展览活动。
    语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。

    37.【答案】Hello, everyone!
    I'm glad to stand here to share with you my ideas about healthy living habits.(演讲的主题) In my eyes, healthy living habits can keep us fit, protect us from getting ill and help us start a new day with full energy.( 健康生活习惯的重要性)
    So we may take fresh fruits, meat and vegetables, and avoid eating too many snack foods. Then taking appropriate exercise regularly is also necessary for good health. When you arrive home from public place, please wash the hands, especially before touching your own eyes, nose or mouth.【高分句型一】 And when you sneeze and cough, it's a good manner as well as a protection for public health that you use paper or handkerchief to cover the nose or mouth.【高分句型二】(2-3条健康生活习惯的建议)
    Wish you good luck. Thank you!(祝愿和感谢)
    【解析】高分句型一:When you arrive home from public place, please wash the hands, especially before touching your own eyes, nose or mouth.
    译文:当你从公共场所回到家时,请洗手,尤其是在接触自己的眼睛、鼻子或嘴之前.
    分析:when引导时间状语从句,主句是祈使句.
    高分句型二: And when you sneeze and cough, it's a good manner as well as a protection for public health that you use paper or handkerchief to cover the nose or mouth.
    译文:当你打喷嚏和咳嗽时,用纸或手帕捂住鼻子或嘴是一种良好的行为方式,也是对公众健康的一种保护.
    分析:when引导时间状语从句,it是形式主语,that引导真正的主语从句.
    这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要谈谈自己的看法.需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可.写作时注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题.尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次.同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少.

    38.【答案】Peter raised his hand slowly and nervously. "Mr.White,I didn't get 100 in the test.I missed a word." He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper. "I spelled contribution with 'si' instead of 'ti'." Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. 【高分句型一】Mr.White held up Peter's test paper. "Class," he said, "Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly in a test." Mr.White smiled at Peter. "He taught us all a lesson on being honest."(皮特主动了承认自己没有获得100分的事实)
    Peter didn't expect that his teacher would praise him for being honest.He looked around,finding that many of his classmates were smiling at him. 【高分句型二】"Peter,I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us," Mr.White said.Peter took the dictionary from the teacher's hand and thanked him with a smile.He also really learned the importance of honesty.He couldn't wait to tell his mother about the best day he had ever had.(彼得承认事实后被老师表扬的情景和感受)
    【解析】本文为记叙文。文章主要讲述了名为彼得的小男孩一大早急匆匆吃过早饭,准备英语课的单词拼写测试。如愿拿到一百分,被老师奖励。但后来他自己发现有一个单词写错了。虽然很不想失去很喜爱的奖品,他还是勇敢承认了自己没有全对。老师不但没有收回奖励,反而大力表扬他。
    高分句型一:Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk.
    译文:彼得走回课桌时,能感觉到同学们惊讶地看着他。
    分析:这句话使用了as引导的时间状语从句。
    高分句型二:He looked around,finding that many of his classmates were smiling at him.
    译文:他环顾四周,发现许多同学都在向他微笑。
    分析:这句话使用了现在分词短语finding that many of his classmates were smiling at him作状语,that引导宾语从句。
    解题方法点拨
     (1)品读原文,确定文章线索
           每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路,通过精读文章,找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜(结尾)"。
           (2)仔细审题,明确续写要求
           一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求,如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示,这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
           (3)回扣原文,揣摩续写思路
           根据文章后面的要求,再次快速阅读短文,抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示,确定续写段落的内容。
           (4)拟写草稿,修改错词病句
           在确定了思路和内容之后,最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时,注意句子结构的多样性,语言的丰富性,并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,使上下文连贯。

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