小升初英语语法总复习知识点讲解+练习学案：代词-提升篇（含答案）

这是一份小升初英语语法总复习知识点讲解+练习学案：代词-提升篇（含答案），共8页。试卷主要包含了再一”，单项选择，改错等内容，欢迎下载使用。
小升初语法 - 冠词（基础篇）考点一：冠词的分类冠词是一种虚词，本身不能单独使用，也无词义，只能用在名词前，帮助说明名词所指的人或物。现代英语通常将冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词和零冠词三类。不定冠词有a和an两种形式，其中a用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于以元音音素开头的单词前;而定冠词只有 the 一种形式;现代英语中所说的零冠词，其实指的就是不用冠词的情况。 考点二：不定冠词的用法泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个。如: A bird has wings.鸟有翅膀。A teacher shouldn't talk like that. 教师不应当这样讲话。 笼统指某类中的某一个，但又不具体说明是哪一个。如: The police caught a thief. 警察抓了一个小偷。 表示数量“一”（但不与two，three等相对比）。如: It took me a year to save up for a new coat. 我用了一年时间才省出钱买一件新大衣。 表示价钱、时间、速度等的“每一”（＝per）。如: We meet twice a week. 我们每星期见两次。They are sold at two dollars a dozen. 它的售价是每打两美元。 用于序数词前表示“又一、再一”。如: We'll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次。We have put forward a third plan. 我们已提出了第三个方案。 在某些物质名词前表示"一杯/罐/瓶"等.如: A coffee/tea/beer, please. 请来杯咖啡/茶/啤酒. 用于具体化了的抽象名词前。如: He was a success in business. 他事业成功。It's a pleasure to talk with you.同你谈话是件令人愉快的事。 在专有名词前表示"某一个"或"类似的一个"。如:A Mr. Smith wants to see you. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人想见你。He thought he was a Zhuge Liang. 他自以为是诸葛亮。 用于 of 短语中表示"同一"（＝the same）。如: Tom and Kate are of an age. 汤姆与凯特同岁。 考点三：定冠词的用法表示特指，即用在说话人和听话人都已知的人或事物前。如: Where are the other students? 其他同学在哪里?Pass me the magazine on the desk. 请把桌上的杂志递给我。 用于独一无二的人或事物前。如: The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 用在表示方向或方位的名词前。如: The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 用于单数名词前表示类别。如: I hate the telephone.我讨厌电话。The lion is a wild animal. 狮子是一种野生动物。注:有时用于形容词前表示一类人。如: The rich are not always happier than the poor.富人并不总是比穷人过得开心。The British are very proud of their sense of humor. 英国人为自己的幽默感而自豪。 用于序数词或形容词最高级前。如:You will be the first to speak. 你将第一个发言。He was considered to be the best player. 他被公认为是最佳选手。注: 副词最高级前的定冠词通常可以省略。如: She works（the） hardest. 她工作最努力。 用于西洋乐器名词前表示演奏某种乐器。如: He plays the piano very well.他钢琴弹得很好。 用于姓氏的复数前,表示一家人或夫妻。如:The Greens have no children.格林夫妇没有小孩。The Smiths live next to us. 史密斯一家就住在我们隔壁。 用来代替前面已提到的人的身体部位或衣着等的一部分。如:He hit her on the nose. 他打了她的鼻子。 用于整十数词的复数前,表示几十年代。如: This happened in the seventies. 这发生在七十年代。 用于江、河、海、洋、山等名词前。如:The Yellow River is China's second longest river. 黄河是中国第二长河。 用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如: The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel.秘书已经在希尔顿大酒店为经理预定了房间。 考点四：零冠词的用法用于非特指的季节、月份、星期及三餐等名称前。如:Monday comes before Tuesday. 星期一在星期二之前。Won't you stay for lunch? 留在这儿吃午饭好吗?I must finish it by the end of July. 我必须在七月底前完成它。 用于球类、棋类和游戏以及含day的节日前。如: Used you to play football?你过去常踢足球吗?New Year's Day is a holiday for everyone. 元旦是所有人的节日。 用于作表语、补语、同位语的唯一职位名词前。如: John is captain of the soccer team. 约翰是足球队的队长。They elected him president of the association. 他们选他为协会会长。 用于让步倒装状语中的单数可数名词前。如: Child as he is,he knows a lot.他虽然是个孩子,但已经很懂事了。 用于akind/sort/type/form/variety of 后的名词前。如: He is too young for that kind of job.他太年轻,不适合做那工作。This sort of thing can't go on! 这样的事不能再进行下去了! 用于某些表示"学习、生活、娱乐"等的单数名词前,表示相关的活动。如:go to school/bed/class/college 去上学/睡觉/上课/上大学in bed/school/class/college/prison/hospital 在睡觉/上学/上课/上大学/坐牢/住院注: 若不是指活动,而是指具体的实物，则要用冠词。如: go to the bed 到床边去（侧重指"床"这个实体）go to bed 上床睡觉（侧重指与"床"有关的活动，即睡觉） 用于某些用介词 by 构成的表方式的短语中。如: by bus 乘公共汽车   by plane/air 乘飞机    by phone 用电话 by letter 用信件    by post 用邮寄    by hand 用手工 用于表示泛指或一般意义的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词、复数名词等之前。如: Knowledge begins with practice.认识从实践开始。Smith lives in London. 史密斯住在伦敦。Teachers should be respected. 教师应该受到尊重。 用于某些独立结构中。如: The teacher came in,book in hand. 老师走了进来，手里拿着书。 例1  Sixty minutes make ________ hour.A. a                    B. an                C. /[答案]  B[名师点拨] 根据句意"一个小时有六十分钟"，空格处表示"一个"且 hour 为以元音音素开头的可数名词单数，故搭配不定冠词 an。 例2  I like playing _____ football, but my sister likes playing _____ violin./ ; the                  B. the ; the             C. the ; /[答案]  A[名师点拨]根据冠词的用法，球类名词前不用冠词，所以playing和football之间不用冠词；而表"弹奏乐器"时，乐器名词前要加定冠词 the。 例3  I have _____ dress. _____ dress is red.A. the ; The               B. the ; A           C. a ; The[答案]  C[名师点拨]第一句指"一条连衣裙",要用不定冠词,而 dress 以辅音音素/dr/开头,所以用 a。第二中所提到的连衣裙是上文提到过的,所以应用定冠词 the。 例4  My brother can speak ________ Japanese./                   B. a                 C. the[答案]  A[名师点拨] Japanese 表示语言，其前不用冠词。    练习一、在下列名词前填上合适的不定冠词。1. ____ ear       2. ____ actor     3. ____ hen   4. ____ toy                         5. ____ university                6. ____ elephant                            7. ____ hat                                 8. ____ umbrella   9. ____ idea   10. ____ hour     11. ____ honest boy  12. ____ young man13. ____ art lesson  14. ___ orange dress  15. ____ sweater  16. ____ egg                                     17. ____ interesting book                                                          18. ____ easy question 二、在下列句中空白处填入适当的冠词,零冠词处画"/"。1. There is _____ picture of _____ angle on _____ wall.2. This is _____ useful book. I've read it for _____ hour.3. _____ elephant is much heavier than _____ horse.4. _____ doctor told him to take _____ medicine three times _____ day.5. Let's go out for _____ walk.6. Who is _____ girl in green?7. Lucy and Lily look _____ same.8. There is _____ woman over there. _____ woman is Meimei's mother. 三、单项选择。（　　）1. In the sky, there are stars and _____ moon./                B. the              C. a（　　）2. Who is _____ oldest in your family?  A. the              B. an                C. a（　　）3. We should help _____ poor.  A. the                B. a                C. /（　　）4. It's _____ 20th of May.  A. the                B. an                C. /（　　）5.They made him_____king.  A. a                 B. the               C. /（　　）6. Is he _____ American boy?  A. an                B. a                 C. one（　　）7. Britain is _____ European country and China is _____ Asian country.  A. an ; an              B. a ; a               C. a ; an（　　）8. It took me _____ hour and _____ half to finish _____ work.  A. a ; a ; a            B. an ; a ; a          C. an ; a ; the（　　）9. Sometimes we watch TV in _____ evening.  A. a               B. the                C. /（　　）10. We have _____ computer room and _____ art room.  A. an ; an              B. a ; an            C. a ; a（　　）11. I like to play _____ football,but he likes to play _____ guitar.  A. the ; /             B. the ; the             C. / ; the（　　）12. Chengdu is _____ old city with _____ long history, isn't it?  A. a ; an             B. an ; a             C. an ; the（　　）13. There is _____ Mr. White over there waiting for you.  A. a             B. the               C. /（　　）14. They always have _____ rice for _____ lunch./ ; /               B. the ; /              C. / ; a（　　）15. _____ Great Wall is _____ longest wall in the world.  A. A ; a              B. The ; the          C. A ; the（　　）16. _____ apple a day keeps _____ doctor away.  A. The; the            B. A ; the             C. An ; the 四、改错。1. What the fine weather it is!_________________________________________________________________There are sixty minutes in a hour._________________________________________________________________3.The earth is smaller than a sun._________________________________________________________________4. Can you see an red apple over there?_________________________________________________________________5. He is my the best friend._________________________________________________________________ 答案一、  1. an  2. an  3. a  4. a  5. a  6. an  7. a  8. an  9. an  10. an  11. an  12. an  13. an  14. an  15. a  16. an  17. an  18. a二、  1. a  an  the  2. a  an  3. An  a  4. The  the  a  5. a  6. the  7. the  8. a  The三、  B  A  A  A  C  A  C  C  B  B  C  B  A  A  B  C四、  1. What fine weather it is!  2. There are sixty minutes in a hour.  3. The earth is smaller than the sun.  4. Can you see the/a red apple over there?  5. He is my best friend.