北京高考英语七选五专项训练

这是一份北京高考英语七选五专项训练，共44页。
七选五
Whether it is in a family board game, or during competitive sports, it can be easy to spot sore losers. During those times when we are faced with loss. sore losers struggle more than others.
When sore losers notice that they are lowering in the rankings, they may try to win at all costs.____1____ Therefore, they’re prepared to do anything in their power to avoid them even if that involves immoral behaviours.
____2____They constantly calculate their unlikelihood of a win in the competitions. And when the risk of losing is very high, they will immediately withdraw from the game. That’s because quitting is the last way to ensure losing doesn’t happen.
Perhaps the biggest revealing of sore losers is their attitude.____3____This can be linked back to evolutionary benefits, as channeling this frustration helped our ancestors succeed. After losing a hunt, for example, these feelings made them try harder until they were successful.
What can we do to avoid becoming sore losers? One way in the first place is to play and explore what you’re good at without any success criteria. Then when it does come to losing, identify what was within your control and whether it was down to luck, talent, or practice. ____4____Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then. ____5____
A．These thought processes can help you to gain insight.
B．The strategy may involve the participant becoming angry beforehand.
C．Giving up before the results are finalized is another sign of sore losers.
D．This is because the loss will bring about some unwanted negative feelings.
E．For many people, controlling anger is impossible as their loss is announced.
F．Most of us can accept the negative consequences of losing a fierce competition.
G．Another way is to consider the consequences of winning or losing in your future.

“Just think positively!”
“It could be worse.”
“You should look at the bright side!”
We’ve all heard (and maybe used) these phrases without much thought. But they could be contributing to a culture of toxic(有毒的) positivity. For those new to this term, it might sound like an oxymoron(矛盾修辞法). How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests? ____6____
“Toxic positivity is when somebody avoids all negative thoughts or feelings, pretending everything is going well when it is not,” explains Melissa Dowd, a therapist at PlushCare, a virtual health platform for primary care and mental health services.Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.” ____7____ It’s also something we can cause other people to experience.
Expressing toxic positivity to others may look like offering them a simple solution to a complicated problem that we know nothing about, or not allowing people around you to appropriately express negative emotions.
Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse. ____8____ “Although it can be helpful to look on the bright side when facing challenges,” Dowd says, “not coping with negative feelings in a healthy way in the moment can lead to those feelings resurfacing later in different areas of your life or as a form of anxiety.” ____9____ “If I feel like you’re going to dismiss me, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.
____10____ If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise. For example, instead of simply saying “Just think positively,” we’d better say “Sometimes bad things happen. How can I help?”
A．Are there ways to avoid toxic positivity?
B．Toxic positivity also disrupts connection.
C．It can harm people who are going through difficult times.
D．This can come up in different situations when we are dealing with pressure.
E．They become more intense and can cause long-lasting health concerns in the future.
F．Experts say constant forced positivity can lead to the opposite, and have a negative effect.
G．This is what we may bring on to ourselves by not allowing negative thoughts and feelings.

If you are of the “no regrets” school of life, you might think that all this regret is a recipe for unhappiness. But that isn’t the case. True, letting yourself be overwhelmed by regret is indeed bad for you. But going to the other extreme may be even worse. To extinguish your regrets doesn’t free you from shame or sorrow; it consigns you to make the same mistakes again and again. To truly get over our guilt requires that we put regret in its proper place.
As uncomfortable as it is, regret is an amazing cognitive feat. It requires that you go back to a past scenario, imagine that you acted differently to change it, and with that new scenario in mind, arrive at a different present — and then, compare that fictional present with the one you are experiencing in reality. _____11_____ You would remember your own pettiness and irritability, and then imagine yourself showing more patience, being kind instead of hurtful at key moments. Then you would fast-forward to today and see how your relationship could be flourishing instead of languishing.
_____12_____ Pink says they come in four basic varieties, and an instance of regret may involve just one or a combination. Wishing you’d been kinder to your partner is an example of a connection regret, in which you lament behavior that harmed an important relationship, such as spoiling a romance or neglecting your bond with relatives before they died.
Many connection regrets overlap with moral regrets, which can come about after you violate your own values. For example, you may pride yourself on being a loving person, and thus regret not living up to this image in the relationship you harmed. Moral regrets can also involve just yourself. _____13_____
Pink’s other two categories of regrets involve life choices. Foundation regrets are those in which you did something that affected the course of your life in a way you don’t like. A classic example is wishing you had stayed in school. _____14_____. They are all about inaction and forgone opportunities. This is what you feel when you kick yourself for not taking a chance, as in wishing you had just gone up to that attractive person and introduced yourself.
_____15_____ Regret is implicated in depression and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect your hormones and immune system. In 2013, researchers asked one group of participants in an experiment to describe “your most burdensome regret” right before going to bed; this group took 61 percent longer to get to sleep than a group told to think about a typical day.
But regret doesn’t have to be left unmanaged. The trick is not to remove the bad feeling; it’s to acknowledge it and use it for learning and improvement. Instead of letting the specter of your failed relationship make you miserable, by simply wishing it had tuned out differently you can be honest with yourself about what went wrong and use that knowledge to enjoy better relationships in the future.
A．Not all regrets are the same of course.
B．Meanwhile, boldness regrets are the opposite.
C．Regret may hurt, but obsessing over them is destructive.
D．Your regret can teach you to become smarter and more successful — if you let it.
E．Unanalyzed and unmanaged, any variety of regret can be poison for your well-being.
F．Maybe you regret not living up to your commitment to your health when you ate a whole pizza or skipped the gym.
G．For example, if today your relationship with your partner has soured, your regret might mentally take you back to last year.

What Makes Art Valuable?
Why do people buy art? An even bigger question is, why do people pay tens of millions of dollars to own art? Is it for status, prestige(威望), and approval from peers? One thing to remember is that value isn’t only linked to its artist quality.____16____
Provenance
In the art world, an artwork’s value can be the result of provenance. In other words, who has owned the painting in the past.____17____The masterpiece went from a value of less than $10,000 when David Rockefeller first owned it, to upwards of $72 million when it was later sold by Sotheby’s.
The Thrill of Auction(拍卖)
The salerooms at Christie’s or Sotheby’s are full of billionaires—or better yet, their advisors.____18____They know when to bump up a lot and when to slightly tipthe scales. They’re running the show and it’s their job to make sure the highest bidder(出价者)has a shot and that values soar.
Historical Significance
Historical significance works in a couple of ways when it comes to determining the value of art. Firstly, you can consider the piece in terms of its importance to art history in its genre. For example, a painting by Claude Monet is worth more than other more recent impressionist work since Monet changed the standard of art history and impressionism as a whole.____19____After all, art is often a reflection of the culture of its time and as it became a product, art was affected by political and historical changes.
____20____Whether in a perfect storm of passion and desire or a calculated risk of business deals and rewards, art collectors continue to spend millions upon millions each year at art auctions. What makes art valuable beyond the cost of supplies and labor? We may never truly understand.
A．World history also affects the value of art.
B．It’s interesting to explore what makes art valuable.
C．It seems as though all of these factors combine to determine the value of art.
D．Auctioneers are skilled salesmen who help raise those prices up and up and up.
E．It’s obvious that changes in polities have a historical effect on the value of art to different people.
F．For instance, art describing beautiful women tends to be sold for higher prices than that of beautiful men.
G．For example, Mark Rothko’s White Center was owned by the Rockefeller family, one of America’s most powerful dynasties.

Confirmation bias(偏见) is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs — or simply ignore information that contradicts them. ____21____
People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose.____22____ For example, if you heard that a politician you support was caught in a scandal(丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make them look less guilty. Meanwhile, people who dislike that politician would probably be more likely to believe stories that make them look worse.
So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? ____23____ This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities. It's also easy to surround ourselves with an “echo chamber” of people who think the same way we do—especially on social media.____24____ It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.
And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.____25____ We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us. But that's often easier said than done.
A．The thing we most want to believe might not actually be true.
B．But research has found that it is real and affects our judgment.
C．But it can be helpful to talk to people who don't share our beliefs.
D．Research has shown that confirmation bias occurs in several contexts.
E．Most of all, accept that you have biases that impact your decision-making.
F．One thing we can do is try to look for evidence that contradicts our beliefs.
G．This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us.

Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential
What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. ____26____ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.
Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). ____27____
Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work.
Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ____28____ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout (倦怠) over time.
Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this. ____29____ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within.
____30____ Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills — valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace.
A．Why are boundaries important?
B．However, they are equally, if not more, important.
C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.
D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.
E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.
F．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.
G．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.

With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious. ____31____ Is it right? Maybe not.
Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic. ____32____
One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury. ____33____ Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable.
____34____ Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.
Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints. ____35____ It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability.
A．So where should we look for answers instead?
B．The modern world’s simple solution is technology.
C．Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.
D．Is it a trap that many people have fallen into in recent years?
E．Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.
F．Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably.
G．Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.

Has anyone ever told you, “Stand up straight!” or scolded you for sitting lazily at a family dinner? Comments like that might be annoying, but they’re not wrong.
____36____ It is the foundation for every movement your body makes, and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it. These stresses can be things like carrying weight, or sitting in an awkward position. ____37____
If your posture isn’t good enough, your muscles have to work harder to keep you upright and balanced. Some muscles will become tight and inflexible. ____38____ It increases the likelihood of accidents, and makes some organs, like your lungs, less efficient.
So what does good posture look like? If you’re sitting, your neck should be vertical, not tilted forward. Your shoulders should be relaxed with your arms close to your trunk. Your knees should be at a right angle with your feet flat on the floor. But what if your posture can’t be that great? ____39____ For example, adjust your screen so it’s at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body, like your elbows and wrists, are supported.
It’s also not enough to just have good posture. Keeping your muscles and joints moving is extremely important. In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be worse than regular movement with bad posture. ____40____ And be sure to exercise. Using your muscles will keep them strong enough to support you effectively, on top of all the other benefits to your joints, bones, brain and heart.
A．Try redesigning your environment.
B．You adjust your body unless you feel tired.
C．So if you sit a lot, get up and move around on occasion.
D．And the big one that we all experience every day is gravity.
E．Besides, poor posture leads to extra wear and tear on your joints.
F．Posture can even influence your emotional state and your sensitivity to pain.
G．Your posture refers to the way you hold your body when you’re sitting or standing.

Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts. We started asking our parents numerous questions as kids. By preschool, our inquiries even reached the depths of science, philosophy, and the social order. Where does the sun go at night? Why doesn’t that man have a home like we do? Why do rocks sink but ice floats? ____41____
Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults? An important factor is how the social environments surrounding us change as we age. Schools transform from a place for asking questions to one funded by our ability to answer them. ____42____ And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.
____43____ We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.
When it comes to how we phrase questions, we are advised to open with less sensitive questions, favor follow-up questions, and keep questions open-ended. We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal. ____44____ Finally, we could set aside time to ask absurd questions like “How would you accomplish a week’s work in two hours?” This type of questions forces us to break the boundaries of our comfort zone.
In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions. ____45____ Great questions can open up our capacity to change because they allow us to draw people in, opening them up to sharing knowledge, ideas, and opinions. And they are also our primary means of learning about the world. In short, asking questions is the best way to deepen our understanding of the things that matter to our life. As any child could probably tell us if we asked.
A．Then, at some point, our inquiring desires disappear.
B．It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.
C．The questions we ask depend on our attitudes as well as the situations.
D．But as we grow up, asking questions fills us with worry and self-doubt.
E．As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere.
F．We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know, not what we don’t.
G．It not only removes the publicity from question asking, but offers us a place to experiment.

Adults are often embarrassed about asking for aid. It’s an act that can make people feel emotionally unsafe.____46____Seeking assistance can feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence.
New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason. Until recently, psychologists assumed that children did not start to care about their reputation and their friends’ thoughts about them until around age nine.
But our research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. At some point, every child struggles in the classroom.____47____
To learn more about how children think about reputation, we created simple stories and then asked children questions about these situations to allow kids to showcase their thinking.
Across several studies, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test.____48____The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose either of the two kids as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. And children’s expectations were truly “reputational” in nature-they were specifically thinking about how the characters would act in front of others. When assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.
____49____Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. They should also help students realize asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behavior. ____50____Parents could point out how a child’s question kicked off a valuable conversation in which the entire family got to talk and learn together. Adults could praise kids for seeking assistance. These responses send a strong signal that other people value a willingness to ask for aid and that seeking help is part of a path to success.
A．Kids could be afraid to ask their parents for help.
B．Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable.
C．In another study we told them that only one kid did poorly.
D．Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions.
E．The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you are lost.
F．But if they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer.
G．We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help.

Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).___51___. It can help you process what you’ve been through and assist you as you envision a path forward.
Why does a writing intervention work?___52___In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety “frees up” cognitive resources. When you write down the emotions associated with a traumatic experience, you may be changing the way it is organized in the brain. You are then able to detach from the emotion, making it easier for you to talk about and process the event.
However, for most people, the thought of acknowledging emotions and admitting that there’s something wrong with us is difficult. This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.___53___That is what sets journaling apart. This is between you and your journal — you don’t have to share it with anyone unless, of course, you choose to.
If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.___54___Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it. Use all your senses. Now, write about that object and see how large its meaning can become.
___55___How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well. It all depends on what works best for you. Remember, one size does not fit all. Writing may not work for everyone, but you won’t know if you don’t try.
A．Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.
B．Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C．Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.
D．It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect.
E．Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life.
F．It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.
G．Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.

Offload Thoughts
In our busy world, we rush from task to task, often leaving us feeling easily angered. We seek out technology or brain-enhancing products to help us optimize (最优化) our productivity, but end up running on a never-ending hamster(仓鼠) wheel. ____56____ It feels like our entire lives are engineered toward one question: How much can I get done in the least amount of time?
Research shows that spending too much time optimizing our thoughts for perfect outcomes not only leaves us feeling exhausted, but can also have harmful effects on our wellbeing and work output. Optimizing thoughts requires being highly focused. But it just goes against the way our minds work. That is to say, efficiency isn’t always productive when we pursue it. ____57____ And to some extent, it can even cause impulsive (鲁莽的) decision-making.
Our brain essentially has two main modes of operating: the “focus network” and the “default mode network.” When one network works, the other physically can’t turn on. The modern world often demands we live in the focus network and the default mode network is often less celebrated. ____58____ So in order to make more effective decisions and feel better in our daily lives, we have to spend less time in our brain’s “focus network.”
Cognitive (认知的) offloading is an accessible practice. It has the potential to not only release emotions, but enhance mental capabilities, too. Even just a few moments of creative flow — like offloading the feelings of anxiety by doodling (涂鸦) before a meeting — can have a strong impact on emotions. ____59____ We might try cognitive offloading as a transition from our action-oriented workday into a more relaxed evening routine.
____60____ And we can see what takes shape. Some unproductive pathways often can help us feel more creative, refreshed, and alive.
A．The functionality is simpler than you might imagine.
B．Give ourselves a few minutes to offload our emotions.
C．Being focused all the time can eventually lead to less self-control.
D．Fortunately, there is a way to stop this kind of always-on mentality.
E．It’s no surprise that the majority of us feel more exhausted than ever.
F．But spending more time on the latter offers a form of “insurance” for our emotions.
G．What’s more, this exercise can help give the brain the space to make new connections.

Whether it’s for a promising job interview, first date, or chance meeting, making a good impression is important in just about every situation.___61___
Arrive Early. Actor Billy Porter said it in his book Unprorected: A Memoir, “Fifteen minutes early is on time, on time is late, and late is unacceptable.”___62___If you’re giving a presentation, arriving early gives you a moment to test the equipment you’re using. If you’re early to a job interview, you’ll have time to go over your elevator pitch to yourself, adjust your tie, or make sure your hair isn’t out of place.
Actively listen. Active listening is giving the speaker your undivided attention and paying attention to what’s said and the intention behind it.___63___Asking the right questions shows you’re engaged, but just don’t ask something the speaker already answered.
___64___When you’re meeting someone for the first time, don’t try to be someone you’re not. If you don’t know the answer to something they ask, don’t fake it. The ability to learn into your weaknesses shows that you are self-aware. However, don’t overemphasize your shortcomings, either.
Know your audience. ___65___If your meeting is planned in advance, you should know plenty about the person or business you’re meeting with before arriving. Google the people you’ll meet, the company founders/co-founders, their history, their competition, their main products, and any other relevant information before you walk into the room.
A．Be authentic.
B．Do your research.
C．Emphasize your advantages.
D．Listen for opportunities to ask questions concerning the discussion.
E．There are some simple steps to succeed in the first business meeting.
F．We can help you put your best foot forward no matter where you are.
G．Arriving in advance for a meeting gives you a little more time to ensure everything is in place.

Late-night eating has long been connected to a higher risk for obesity or overweight, which can pose all kinds of risks to your heart.
____66____ A recent study found that when meals are delayed by four hours — say eating at 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all other lifestyle factors the same, people burn fewer calories, have stronger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that promote weight gain, according to the study’s author.
The study was rather small, featuring only 16 overweight or obese people. ____67____ In the weeks before, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck to identical diets and meal times at home. Each participant reported on their hunger and appetite, and provided data needed. Besides feeling hungrier, burning fewer calories, and showing changes in fat tissue, late eating also impacted the hunger-regulating hermones (荷尔蒙) ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin is the hormone that tells you when to eat, while leptin tells you when you’ve had enough. ____68____
The solution may be relatively simple. Keeping your eating schedule in line with your body’s natural clock makes sense. ____69____ It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk for high blood pressure and other heart disease risk factors. Besides, try eating a big breakfast, slightly smaller lunch, and small dinner with healthy snacks throughout the day. ____70____ So pay attention to portion (食物的一份) sizes and what you’re eating.
A．Of course, not everyone’s natural body clock is the same.
B．Researchers may have learned why meal timing could impact fat gain.
C．A survey has revealed that a growing number of people are overweight.
D．They each stuck to a strict early or late meal schedule for one day in a lab.
E．Remember, what you eat and how much is likely more important than when.
F．Eating more early in the day and less as it progresses may be the best strategy.
G．The study found that leptin dropped by 16 percent when people delayed their meals.

Is fashion important to you?____71____From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and loose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.
____72____And what impact can this have on their self-expression?
Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance. ____73____In this way they assume an identity which makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually can’t show their individuality.
At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their status by wearing famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others.____74____They are just the means to promote a specific image of power and control. In this case, fashion does not express personal individuality but could perhaps be said to give a false impression of appearance for a specific purpose.
That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality.____75____Adding glam here and there, rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a form of self-expression demonstrating originality.
Having considered all this, to my way of thinking, fashion can be used as a means of communication and a way to communicate your self-image to people around you. As a famous designer once said, “Fashion is instant language.”
A．Is it a trend we must follow?
B．But why are people following fashion?
C．For most people it is, at least to some extent.
D．For this reason, people wear fashionable clothing.
E．These clothes are not actually giving a personal statement of the wearer.
F．There are always fashion followers, even though fashion is constantly changing.
G．An example of this is reforming fashionable pieces and making small personalized changes.

Stock market club, German club, magic club... These are some of the many fun clubs at our school. What makes these clubs so special? ____76____ From bringing up ideas to putting them into action, the students do everything.
____77____ As soon as word got out, students took the chance. My friend and I were interested in a writing team which was set up by our classmates. We took part in the tryouts for the writing team. It was very competitive. We tried to write an article to apply for it. ____78____ Then we realized that we didn’t get used to writing in that kind of style. Soon we got the idea to set up a non-competitive writing club. Anyone who loves to write can join. So, we created Write Space. First, we planned the goal of the club. We hoped that members could share their writing in regular meetings. Members would give each other advice and make progress together. We also thought about how to invite new members and raise funds. ____79____ When the school agreed, we got a new club!
Starting a club is not easy, but leading it is harder. A fully student- run club is a good chance to test your leadership skills. ____80____
A．They are not led by teachers.
B．We worked hard to lead the club.
C．Unfortunately, we did not pass it.
D．Then we sent the proposal to the school.
E．There are science clubs, art clubs and sports clubs.
F．This opportunity today is truly creating leaders for tomorrow.
G．Our school recently announced that we could start our own clubs.

Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work. ____81____
Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us. ____82____ It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.
____83____ When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself. Now try to apply that advice to yourself.
Keeping moving is also a good way. When people get up and move, they tend to be happier than when they are still. We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness. ____84____ Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.
It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others. ____85____ Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.
Happiness often comes from within. When you are happy, anything is possible. Happy people don’t have the best of everything; they make the best of what they have.
A．The first secret is to enjoy simple things in life.
B．Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.
C．Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.
D．You can forget about your problems, and turn to your friends for help.
E．Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.
F．Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.
G．People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.

Why We Listen to Music with Lyrics(歌词) We Don’t Understand
From French electronic to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for us to listen to songs we don’t necessarily understand. ____86____. Sometimes, we even sing along to them without knowing the dictionary meaning of lyrics.
But why? It all starts with what’s called “sound symbolism(语音表意),” which refers to the study of the relationships between utterances(发声) and their meaning. In music, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language. ____87____. This might explain why we are fond of a song even without knowing its lyrics.
____88____. One example of such techniques is scale(音阶). Songs in major scales are brighter or happier, while minor scales usually sound slightly darker or bluer. Our brain is wired to respond to a certain sound, and our breathing and even our movement go with the sound we hear. ____89____. Besides, elements of sound and music, like pitch, melody or harmony, also have an affective, emotional, and even physical impact on listeners. Through a complex of these elements, music adds so much meaning and dimension to lyrics. That is to say, the combination of all these creates the meaning far beyond the lyrics’ dictionary meaning.
____90____. Lyrics are powerful tools for helping us recognise, express and reflect our emotions. All in all, there’s value in whatever immediate appeal we find in the music we listen to, whether or not we understand the words. Music, after all, is a universal language.
A．The interrelationship of melody and pitch is important.
B．This is why fast-paced music is so popular for running.
C．Of course, this isn’t to ignore the importance of lyrics in music.
D．Things like a musician’s image also help convey meaning through songs.
E．So, when listening to a foreign song, we enjoy the lyrics as sounds and not words.
F．It seems that not knowing the language of the lyrics doesn’t stop us from liking a song.
G．Some musical techniques and elements can also help convey certain moods and messages.

The Science of Recreational Fear
From peek-a-boo to Halloween haunted houses, research shows that recreational fear can teach us to face scary situations. The “paradox of horror” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ____91____
Having fun with fear is an “extremely important tool for learning,” said Mathias Clasen, director of the Recreational Fear Lab at Aarhus University in Denmark. “We learn something about the dangers of the world. We learn something about our own responses: What does it feel like to be afraid? How much fear can I take?”
Horror movies have gotten more popular. And in one survey of more than 1,000 Americans, conducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as horror fans. ____92____ Many people who would not consider themselves fans of fear enjoy true-crime podcasts and novels featuring violence and murder. Others may enjoy nature documentaries about top predators (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.
Even babies like being a little spooked (惊的). Peek-a-boo is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ____93____ “I don’t think I’ve yet come across a person who did not enjoy some kind of recreational fear,” he said.
____94____ It is a combination of an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an opportunity to learn about dealing with scary situations in a safe environment, researchers say. When we are afraid, our endocrine system releases adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol to help prepare our body for physical action. We know the “Halloween” movie Michael Myers is not real, but our brain still responds as if he were a burning threat. One brain imaging study found that watching horror movies activates threat-response brain regions such as the amygdala (扁桃腺), prefrontal cortex and insula as if the danger were real.
After this rush, many people experience an uplifted mood. One study examined how 262 adults felt before and after they entered an extreme haunted house. ____95____ Brain recordings before and after showed that those whose mood improved had a smaller neural response to subsequent stressors, which is associated with the post-haunt high.
A．So why do we like it?
B．Fifty percent of people said they felt better after the visit.
C．And recreational fear, as it is rightly named, could benefit us, too.
D．Playing with fear helps us learn what our body does under pressure.
E．Horror, though, is not the only genre of what people find scary fun, he said.
F．We define recreational fear broadly as a mixed emotional experience of fear and enjoyment.
G．Classic childhood games of tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes of predator vs. prey.

The Positive Effects of a Positive Affect
Parents often have high hopes for how their children will turn out in adulthood, such as wanting them to be healthy, to feel satisfied with their career, and to have strong friendships.____96____
Recent research suggests that a teen’s affect—especially positive affect—is one critical factor. What exactly is affect? Affect is the tendency to express positive or negative emotions, which in turn influences how we experience things and determine whether to judge a given situation as positive or negative.____97____ Moreover, research suggests that a person’s affect is relatively stable over time, especially by the time one reaches adulthood.
Affect is typically described in terms of being either positive or negative, and it seems that positive affect, in particular, is related to a number of beneficial outcomes in adulthood.
In support of this crucial role that positive affect has in development, a study by researchers at the University of Virginia followed teenagers and young adults from ages 14 to 25, allowing them to understand the predictive power of positive affect across the critical developmental period from adolescence to young adulthood.____98____ For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.
____99____ Positive affect also predicted increased self-worth and job competence, suggesting that, overall, positive affect seems to be a key predictor of young adult success across several important areas of functioning.
But what about the effects of negative affect? The researchers also examined whether negative affect would predict problems in young adulthood.____100____ Thus, the important takeaway is that adolescent positive affect may have powerful links to important life outcomes in the domains of personal well-being, career, and social relationships up to a decade later.
A．Affective responses to events typically happen automatically.
B．So how can parents help their children grasp the meaning of positive affect?
C．But what factors help produce these outcomes as teens move from adolescence to adulthood?
D．Interestingly, the results suggested that positive affect may go beyond helping teens build positive relationships.
E．The results uncovered that negative affect might account for many life problems when a teenager became a young adult.
F．Unlike positive affect, having greater negative affect did not have any significant associations with any of the later life outcomes.
G．This study found that positive affect was strongly predictive of life outcomes in young adulthood, such as developing better friendships.


















参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．E 4．G 5．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了输不起的人的特点以及解决方法。
1．根据上文“When sore losers notice that they are lowering in the rankings, they may try to win at all costs.(当输不起的人注意到自己的排名在下降时，他们可能会不惜一切代价争取胜利)”以及后文“Therefore, they’re prepared to do anything in their power to avoid them even if that involves immoral behaviours.(因此，他们准备尽其所能避免他们，即使这涉及不道德的行为)”可知，后文提到了输不起的人想要避免一些东西，本句承接上文说明他们争取胜利的原因，D选项some unwanted negative feelings对应后文them。故D选项“这是因为失去会带来一些不想要的负面情绪”符合语境，故选D。
2．根据后文“They constantly calculate their unlikelihood of a win in the competitions. And when the risk of losing is very high, they will immediately withdraw from the game. That’s because quitting is the last way to ensure losing doesn’t happen.(他们不断计算自己在比赛中获胜的可能性。当失败的风险非常高时，他们会立即退出游戏。那是因为放弃是确保不会失败的最后一种方法)”后文提到“当失败的风险非常高时，他们会立即退出游戏”，即在确定结果之前就放弃。故C选项“在结果确定之前放弃是输不起的人的另一个表现”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据上文“Perhaps the biggest revealing of sore losers is their attitude.(也许最能揭示输不起的人的是他们的态度)”以及后文“This can be linked back to evolutionary benefits, as channeling this frustration helped our ancestors succeed. After losing a hunt, for example, these feelings made them try harder until they were successful.(这可以追溯到进化的好处，因为引导这种挫折帮助我们的祖先成功。例如，在一次狩猎失败后，这些感觉会让他们更加努力，直到成功)”可知，本句主要关于输不起的人对待失败的态度，故E选项“对许多人来说，当他们的损失被宣布时，控制愤怒是不可能的”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据“Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then.(现在赢感觉很重要，但结果对你明天有什么影响？很有可能，到那时它就不会那么重要了)”可知，后文提到了考虑输赢对未来的影响，故G选项“另一种方法是考虑你未来输赢的后果”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then.(现在赢感觉很重要，但结果对你明天有什么影响？很有可能，到那时它就不会那么重要了)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文进一步说明上文方法的作用。故A选项“这些思维过程可以帮助你获得洞察力”符合语境，故选A。
6．F 7．G 8．E 9．B 10．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文，短文介绍了“有毒的积极性”的不良影响和应对措施。
6．根据上文“How can positivity be toxic? Isn’t it supposed to be helpful, or “positive”, as the name suggests?”（积极性怎么会有毒？它不应该像名字所暗示的那样有帮助，或者是“积极的”吗？）可知，选项承接上文说明专家对此的观点。故F选项“专家表示，持续的强迫积极可能会导致相反的结果，并产生负面影响。”切题。故选F项。
7．根据上文“Whitney Goodman, the author of Toxic Positivity describes toxic positivity as the “endless pressure to be happy and positive, no matter what the circumstances are.”（ 《有毒的积极性》一书的作者惠特尼·古德曼将“有毒的积极性”描述为“无论环境如何，都要保持快乐和积极的无尽压力。）可知，选项承接上文近一步总结所带来的后果。故G选项“这就是我们不允许消极的想法和感觉给自己带来的后果”切题。故选G项。
8．根据上文“Toxic positivity causes us to suppress our emotions, which can make them worse.”（有毒的积极情绪会让我们压抑自己的情绪，这可能会让情绪变得更糟）选项承接上文说明有毒的积极情绪的不良影响。故E选项“它们变得更加强烈，并可能在未来引起长期的健康问题”切题。故选E项。
9．根据下文““If I feel like you’re going to dismiss me, I’m going to stop sharing how I’m feeling,” Goodman adds.”（如果我觉得你要解雇我，我就会停止分享我的感受，”古德曼补充道。）可知，有毒的积极情绪会会破坏人际关系。故B选项“有毒的积极情绪会会破坏人际关系”切题。故选B项。
10．根据下文“If you’re using toxic positivity against yourself, Goodman suggests remembering it’s OK if you’re upset about something. It’s valid if something annoys you. “Allow ourselves and other people to share when they’re going through a difficult time,” she says. Dowd adds that it’s essential that “we all learn to cope with and process our emotions in a healthy way as opposed to avoiding how we feel” as life’s stressors continue to rise.”（古德曼建议，如果你对自己使用了有毒的积极性，记住如果你对某件事感到不安也没关系。如果有什么事惹恼了你，那是有效的。她说：“让我们自己和其他人在经历困难的时候分享。” 古德曼补充道，随着生活压力的不断增加，“我们都必须学会以健康的方式应对和处理自己的情绪，而不是避免自己的感受”）可知，下文是对上文有办法避免有毒的积极性的回答。故A选项“有没有办法避免有毒的积极情绪？”切题。故选A项。
11．G 12．A 13．F 14．B 15．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了遗憾的不同类型，遗憾不必被忽视，要承认遗憾并将其用于学习和进步。
11．上文“It requires that you go back to a past scenario, imagine that you acted differently to change it, and with that new scenario in mind, arrive at a different present—and then, compare that fictional present with the one you are experiencing in reality.(这需要你回到过去的场景，想象你采取了不同的行动来改变它，伴随想象那个新的场景，得出一个不同的现在，然后将虚构的现在与你在现实中经历的现在进行比较)”说明遗憾需要你回到过去的场景，并想象可能发生的改变，G项“例如，如果今天你和伴侣的关系恶化了，你的遗憾可能会让你回到去年。”举例说明遗憾可能会让人回到过去的场景，承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
12．下文“Pink says they come in four basic varieties, and an instance of regret may involve just one or a combination.( Pink说它们有四种基本的变体，而遗憾的例子可能只涉及一种或多种组合)”说明遗憾有不同的类型，A项“当然，并不是所有的遗憾都是一样的。”说明并不是所有的遗憾都一样，引出下文，符合题意。故选A。
13．上文“Many connection regrets overlap with moral regrets, which can come about after you violate your own values.(许多联系遗憾与道德遗憾重叠，道德遗憾可能是在你违反自己的价值观之后产生的)”说明道德遗憾涉及自身，可能在违反自己的价值观后产生，F项“当你吃了一整块披萨或略过健身房时，也许你遗憾没有履行对健康的承诺。”举例说明违反自己价值观后产生的遗憾，承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
14．上文“Pink’s other two categories of regrets involve life choices. Foundation regrets are those in which you did something that affected the course of your life in a way you don’t like. A classic example is wishing you had stayed in school(Pink的另外两类遗憾涉及人生选择。基础遗憾是指你做了一些你不喜欢的事情，影响了你的生活进程。一个典型的例子是，希望自己留在学校)”提出了Pink的另外两类遗憾，且上文提出了基础遗憾，由此推知，空处应提出另一种遗憾。B项“同时，显著的遗憾恰恰相反。”引出下文，符合题意。boldness呼应上文foundation。故选B。
15．下文“Regret is implicated in depression and anxiety, and excessive regret can adversely affect your hormones and immune system.(遗憾与抑郁和焦虑有关，过度遗憾会对你的激素和免疫系统产生不利影响)”说明过度遗憾会影响身体健康，E项“未经分析和管理，任何形式的遗憾都可能对你的健康有害。”说明未经分析和管理的遗憾可能对健康有害，引出下文，符合题意。故选E。
16．B 17．G 18．D 19．E 20．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了影响艺术价值的三个因素。
16．上文“One thing to remember is that value isn’t only linked to its artist quality.”（需要记住的一点是，价值不仅与艺术家的素质有关。）提到了艺术价值不仅与艺术家的素质有关，空格处的句子应该是一个承上启下的句子，根据下面介绍的影响艺术价值的三个因素可知，空格处的句子的内容应该提到影响艺术价值的因素。而B项“It’s interesting to explore what makes art valuable.（探索是什么让艺术有价值是很有趣的）”填入空格处，可以引起下文，符合题意。故选B项。
17．根据空格后的句子“The masterpiece went from a value of less than $10,000 when David Rockefeller first owned it, to upwards of $72 million when it was later sold by Sotheby’s.（大卫·洛克菲勒最初拥有它时，这幅杰作的价值不到1万美元，后来在苏富比售出时，价格已超过7200万美元）”和句中的the masterpiece可知，空格处的句子应该提到某一杰作。所以G项“For example, Mark Rothko’s White Center was owned by the Rockefeller family, one of America’s most powerful dynasties.（例如，马克·罗斯科的《白色中心》属于洛克菲勒家族——美国最强大的王朝之一）”填入空格处，和下文是顺接关系，符合题意。故选G项。
18．根据该部分的主题“The Thrill of Auction（拍卖的刺激）”可知，该部分是说拍卖对艺术品价值的影响，所以空格处的句子也应该和拍卖有关；再由空格后的句子“They know when to bump up a lot and when to slightly tip the scales.（他们知道什么时候该大刀阔斧，什么时候该略微倾斜）”可知，句中的“他们”对艺术品价值有影响，句中的they指的是谁，空格处的句子应该提到。D项“Auctioneers are skilled salesmen who help raise those prices up and up and up.（拍卖师是熟练的推销员，他们帮助提高价格）”提到了拍卖的事，且下一句中的they就是指的D项中的Auctioneers。故选D项。
19．根据空格后的句子“After all, art is often a reflection of the culture of its time and as it became a product, art was affected by political and historical changes.（毕竟，艺术往往是其时代文化的反映，当它成为一种产品时，艺术受到政治和历史变化的影响）”和句中的after all可知，空格后的句子是对空格处的句子进行解释——当它成为一种产品时，艺术受到政治和历史变化的影响。所以空格处的句子肯定应该提到政治和历史变化对艺术的影响。所以E项“It’s obvious that changes in polities have a historical effect on the value of art to different people.（很明显，政治变局对艺术于不同人群的价值产生了历史影响）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选E项。
20．在最后一段，空格处的句子应该是一个总结性的句子。C项“It seems as though all of these factors combine to determine the value of art.（似乎所有这些因素共同决定了艺术的价值）”说是上面提到的这些因素共同决定了艺术的价值，总结了全文，符合题意。故选C项。
21．G 22．B 23．F 24．C 25．A

【解析】21．上文“It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs — or simply ignore information that contradicts them. (它还描述了我们如何试图找到方法来看待不清楚的信息，以支持而不是挑战这些信念——或者简单地忽略与它们相矛盾的信息。)”提到关键词information“信息”，空处承接上文，也需要提到information“信息”。G项“对于我们觉得非常重要的事情的信息尤其如此。”中information为原文复现。故选G项。
22．上文“People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose.(人们通常不会故意产生确认偏误。)”提到confirmation bias不常出现；而下文提到confirmation bias在日常生活中的体现，故空处需要表转折。B项 “但是研究发现它是真实存在的，而且会影响我们的判断。”有转折，且it代指前文confirmation bias，符合文意。故选B项。
23．上文“So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? (那么我们能做些什么来避免确认偏误呢？)”作者表示提问，如何避免认知偏见；下文“This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities.(这可以帮助我们检查我们是否只相信某些事情，因为我们从来没有认真考虑过其他可能性。)”承接上文，并且由代词this,由此可以推测出，空处承上启下，this指代一种做法。F项“我们能做的一件事就是试图寻找与我们的信念相矛盾的证据。”符合文意。故选F项。
24．下文“It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.(它可以帮助我们理解可能有其他方式来看待同一问题。)”中有代词it，且空处承接上文，故空处需要填另一种做法。C项“但是和与我们信仰不同的人交谈是有帮助的。”强调了做法和看事情需要看两面，符合段意。故选C项。
25．上文“And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.(也许最重要的是：我们必须小心，不要妄下结论。)”和下文“We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us.(在决定我们对某事的感觉之前，我们应该试着了解更多，即使它对我们非常重要。)”均强调不能过于主观。A项“我们最想相信的事情可能不是真的。”为本段意义相近，是在告诉读者如何更好地避免认知误差，符合段意。故选A项。
26．E 27．B 28．G 29．F 30．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么工作中的界限至关重要。
26．根据下文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公室，你的桌子，或你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界)”可知，此处在讲述界限的类型。由此可知，E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选E。
27．根据上文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神界限可能更加微妙)”可知，此处在对比物理边界和情感或精神界限。由此可知，B. However, they are equally, if not more, important.(然而，它们即使不是更重要，也同样重要)能够承接上文，其中they指代上文中的“物理边界和情感或精神界限”，符合此处语境。故选B。
28．根据下文“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday.(其中一个例子就是反复被要求在工作日/周末或假期加班。另一个例子是，我们被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲惫，到周五就筋疲力尽了)”可知，此处讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情。由此可知，G. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.(这种界限经常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选G。
29．根据上文“For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、行为合乎道德的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导的行为一再与此不一致)”及常识可知，当个人价值观和道德标准与公司不一致时，可能会导致内部冲突。由此可知，F. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部冲突)能够承接上文，符合此处语境。故选F。
30．根据下文“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards.(边界有很多功能。它们有助于保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实现我们的价值观和标准)”可知，本段主要介绍的是边界对我们很重要。由此可知，A. Why are boundaries important? (为什么界限很重要？)能够统领本段，符合此处语境。故选A。
31．B 32．E 33．C 34．A 35．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“技术乐观主义”试图用技术解决当前的气候问题，作者用电动汽车的例子来证明这种想法似乎是没用的。改变我们的社会运作方式，以及人们的生活方式才是解决问题的关键所在。
31．根据上文“With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.(随着气候变化的持续恶化，我们的情况开始变得越来越严重)”可知，气候问题持续恶化，人类的情况开始变得越来越严重。由此推知，人类可能会采取解决气候问题的办法。结合下文“Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题)”可知，人们试图依靠技术来解决气候问题。B项“The modern world’s simple solution is technology.(现代世界的简单解决方案就是技术)”符合题意。故选B。
32．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题。这个定义强化了这样一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式。社会所需要做的就是期待绿色技术发挥其魔力)”可知，上文提到了“没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式”这种观点，由此推知，下文应对这种观点进行评价。E项“Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.(不幸的是，这是一个极其危险的观点)”符合题意。故选E。
33．根据上文“One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury.(电动汽车就是这种乐观误解的最好例子之一。尽管电动汽车被高度认为是一种环保的出行方式，但它并不是未来交通的终点。电动汽车中的电池使用的化学元素到本世纪中叶可能会出现短缺)”可知，上文提到了电动汽车的弊端。结合本段主要谈论“乐观误解”推知，空处应继续对电动汽车的弊端进行陈述。C项“Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.(此外，它们的生产更耗能)”符合题意。故选C。
34．空处位于段首，应为本段主旨句或引出本段内容。根据下文“Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars, Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.(投资公共交通，远离个人拥有的车辆。生产更少的汽车，改善旧电池的回收利用做法。我们寻求的解决方案不应该植根于新技术，而应该改变我们社会的运作方式)”可知，作者认为我们应该改变社会的运作方式，这才是解决气候问题的办法。A项“So where should we look for answers instead?(那么，我们应该在哪里寻找答案呢？)”符合题意，引出本段内容，下文是对该问题的回答。故选A。
35．根据上文“Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.(技术乐观主义过于强调技术，而对我们现在能做的事情却不够重视。不幸的是，人们似乎喜欢技术乐观主义所描绘的画面)”和下文“It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. (重要的是要理解，当我们将这些技术视为使我们当前的生活方式环保的一种方式时，问题就开始了)”可知，人们似乎更喜欢依靠技术解决问题，当我们把技术视为当前的环保生活方式时，问题就开始了。由此可知，要解决气候问题，不能只依靠技术，关键是要从很大程度上改变我们的生活方式。G项“Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.(然而，事实是，我们需要广泛改变我们的生活方式)”符合题意。故选G。
36．G 37．D 38．E 39．A 40．C

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了站姿和坐姿不正确的危害以及调整方式。
36．根据空后“It is the foundation for every movement your body makes, and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it.（它是你身体所有动作的基础，并且能决定你的身体对压力的适应程度。）”可知，空后的it指代的是G项“你的姿势是你坐着或站着的时候你支撑身体的方式。”中的your posture，本空介绍了什么是你的姿势，空后说明姿势的功能，故选G项。
37．根据空前“These stresses can be things like carrying weight, or sitting in an awkward position.（这些压力可以是负重或坐在一个不舒服的位置。）”可知，空前介绍了身体所承受压力有负重和坐在不舒服的位置，故D项“我们每天承受的最大压力就是重力”符合，本空进一步介绍我们每天要承受的压力还有重力，故选D项。
38．根据空前“Some muscles will become tight and inflexible.(一些肌肉会变得紧，变得僵硬。)”可知，E项“而且，不良的姿势会对你的关节造成额外的磨损。”是空前的顺义承接，空前提出了不良姿势会让身体肌肉变得紧，变得僵硬，本空的“Besides”，进一步说明不良姿势会造成关节的额外磨损，故选E项。
39．根据空前“But what if your posture can’t be that great?(但是，如果你的姿势不可能那么好呢？)”和空后“For example, adjust your screen so it’s at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body, like your elbows and wrists, are supported.(例如，调整屏幕，使其处于或略低于眼镜水平。确保你的身体的所有部位，如肘部和手腕，都得到支撑。)”可知，空前提出问题，空后举例说明要调整屏幕，故A项“试着重新调整你的环境”符合，如果姿势不能那么好，那就选择调整环境你，故选A项。
40．根据空前“In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be worse than regular movement with bad posture.(事实上，以良好的姿势长时间静止可能比以不良姿势进行有规律的运动更糟糕。)”可知，空前提出了良好姿势的长时间静止比以不良姿势运动更糟糕，故C项“因此，如果你经常坐着，偶尔要站起来走动一下”符合，空前提出了长时间静止对身体并不好，故要偶尔站起来走动一下，故选C项。
41．A 42．F 43．E 44．G 45．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着年龄的增长我们问问题的欲望不断减少的原因和和应对策略。
41．上文“Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts.(曾几何时，我们都是提问专家。)”提到了曾经的我们都爱问问题，并列举了一系列曾经问过的问题。下文“Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults?(为什么在许多成年人身上，孩子问问题的冲动变得不活跃了?)”提到了现在情况发生了转折，A选项中inquiring与上文的问题呼应，dispear与下文的inactive呼应，所以A选项“然后，在某个时刻，我们的探究欲望消失了。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。
42．下文“And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.(我们认识到，社会会奖励那些提出答案的人。)”提到了那些提出答案的人，F选项中what we know与下文那些提出答案的人呼应，所以F选项“我们学会在就业市场上用我们知道的东西来推销自己，而不是我们不知道的东西。”能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选F项。
43．下文“We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.(我们可以更勇敢地在公共场合提问，也可以鼓励其他人追求自己的好奇心。在这种鼓励下，我们帮助创造一种环境，让我们周围的人可以放心地提出问题。)”提到了创造提问的环境，E选项中mosphere是关键词，与下文的environment相呼应，所以E选项“As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere(因此，要恢复我们的探究精神，一个方法就是改变氛围)”能概括下文内容。故选E项。
44．上文“We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal.(我们也可以通过在日记中记录问题列表来练习问自己问题。)”提到了通过日记记录问题，G选项中a place是关键词语上文的journal呼应，所以G选项“这不仅消除了提问的公共性，还为我们提供了一个实验的场所。”能承接上文内容，符合语境。故选G项。
45．上文“In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions.(在这个与多年前大不相同的世界里，我们必须提出问题。)”提到了世界的变化，B选项中change是关键词与上文呼应，所以B选项“这是一种高回报的行为，尤其是在变革时期。”能呼应上文内容。故选B项。
46．E 47．F 48．G 49．D 50．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。给读者提供建议，如何解决孩子因为害怕在他人面前呈现自己的无能而不愿提问寻求帮助这一问题。
46．上文“Adults are often embarrassed about asking for aid. It’s an act that can make people feel emotionally unsafe. (成年人在寻求援助时常常感到尴尬。这是一种会让人们感到情绪不安全的行为。)”指出，成年人不愿意寻求帮助，是因为会让他们感到情绪不安全。下文“Seeking assistance can feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence. (寻求帮助可能会让人觉得你在散播自己的无能。)”指出，寻求帮助会让人觉得你无能。选项E“The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you are lost. (毕竟，当你问路的那一刻，你就表明你迷路了。)”延续上文，以问路表明自己的迷路这一例子呈现出为什么会让人感到情绪不安全，也呈现出下文所说的表明了“你”的无能，故符合语境。故选E项。
47．上文“But our research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. At some point, every child struggles in the classroom. (但我们的研究表明，早在七岁时，孩子们就开始将寻求帮助与在他人面前看起来无能联系起来。在某些时候，每个孩子都在教室里挣扎。)”指出，孩童也会讲寻求帮助和让他人觉得自己无能联系起来。选项F“But if they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer. (但是，如果他们因为同学在看而不敢寻求帮助，学习就会受到影响。)”进一步指出，如果孩子因为害怕呈现出自己的无能而不寻求帮助，这会带来不良影响。故选F项。
48．上文“In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test. (在一项研究中，我们告诉孩子们，两个孩子在测试中都表现不佳。)”指出，在一个研究中，参与者得知了有两个孩子在测试中表现不佳这一情况。选项G“We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. (然后，我们问这些角色中哪一个更有可能在课堂前举手向老师寻求帮助。)”延续上文，继续指出这个研究的下一个动作为：判断这两个孩子谁更有可能寻求老实的帮助。故选G项。
49．下文“Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. (教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私下寻求帮助。)”指出，教师应该多私下提供机会帮助孩子们。选项D“Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. (此类声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案。)”指出，这类问题的解决需要一些特定的方案，下文是对这一表述的具体建议之一，故此句符合该语境要求。故选D项。
50．上文“They should also help students realize asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behavior. (他们还应该帮助学生认识到在别人面前提问是一种正常的、积极的行为。)”指出，要教育学生认识到在他人面前提问是正常的行为。选项B“Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable. (寻求帮助甚至可以被认为是社会所需要的。)”指出寻求帮助是这会所需要的，这进一步佐证上文观点，让“在他人面前提问是正常积极的行为”这一观点根据可信度，符合语境。故选B项。
51．F 52．D 53．C 54．G 55．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个能帮助人们从创伤中愈合的方法——表达性写作。
51．上文“Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).(表达性写作或日志是帮助你从创伤中愈合的一种方法)”提到表达性写作，F项“这是发自内心的写作，是关于与某一事件相关的情感”进一步解释表达性写作，符合语境，故选F。
52．下文“In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety ‘frees up’ cognitive resources.(事实上，讲述一个持续焦虑的故事可以‘释放’认知资源)”是解释为什么写下消极的经历能带来积极的效果，故D项“把消极的经历写下来会有积极的效果，这似乎不正常”符合语境，下文是对D项中看似不正常的现象进行解释。故选D。
53．上文“This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.(这是因为表达情绪会带来内疚和羞耻感)”是解释人们很难承认情绪有问题的原因，结合选项，C项“此外，为情绪压力寻求帮助通常被视为软弱的表现”和上文是并列关系，也是描述其原因，故选C。
54．上文“If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.(如果你想把写作作为疗伤的工具，那就设置一个十分钟的计时器开始写作吧)”建议开始写作，G项“让你的思绪回到细节、具体的时刻，去感受你的感受和你经历的真相”是描述方法，即如何开始写作，符合语境，G项中的“the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings”与下文“Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it.(想想你家里的一件对你来说意味着某个时刻的物品。带着满满的趣味去看它。感受它的重量)”呼应。故选G。
55．根据本段中“How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well.(如何从创伤中痊愈也因人而异)”及“Writing may not work for everyone(写作可能不适合所有人)”可知，本段主要讲述写作不是万能的，不是所有人都适合，B项“当然，表达性写作不是灵丹妙药”符合语境，故选B。
56．E 57．C 58．F 59．G 60．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了在当今忙碌的世界，大脑需要高速运转的现象，但一直保持专注不仅让人疲惫，还不利于提高效率，最后文章提出了 “认知卸载”的方法来使自己放松。
56．根据上文“We seek out technology or brain-enhancing products to help us optimize(最优化) our productivity, but end up running on a never-ending hamster (仓鼠) wheel.(我们寻求技术或增强大脑的产品来帮助我们优化工作效率，但最终却在无休止的仓鼠转轮上奔跑)”可知，我们想提高工作效率却最终在不停转圈，故我们应是感觉很疲惫，E项“我们大多数人比以往任何时候都感到疲惫，这并不奇怪”符合语境。故选E。
57．根据下文“And to some extent, it can even cause impulsive(鲁莽的) decision-making.(在某种程度上，它甚至会导致鲁莽的决策)”可知，even表示递进关系，所以空处也是描述一直保持专注追求效率会导致的后果，C项“一直专注最终会导致自控力下降”符合语境。故选C。
58．上文“The modern world often demands we live in the focus network and the default mode network is often less celebrated.(现代世界经常要求我们生活在焦点网络中，而默认模式网络通常不那么受欢迎)”提到现代世界经常要求我们在大脑的“焦点网络”上花更多时间，结合下文“So in order to make more effective decisions and feel better in our daily lives, we have to spend less time in our brain’s ‘focus network.’(因此，为了做出更有效的决定，在日常生活中感觉更好，我们必须在大脑的‘焦点网络’上花更少的时间)”可知，空处与上文是转折关系，应是讲述在“默认网络”上花更多时间的好处，F项“但花更多时间在后者上，为我们的情绪提供了一种‘保险’”符合语境，故选F。
59．上文“Even just a few moments of creative flow — like offloading the feelings of anxiety by doodling (涂鸦) before a meeting — can have a strong impact on emotions.(即使只是几分钟的创意流动——比如在会议前涂鸦来缓解焦虑——也会对情绪产生强烈的影响)”提到认知卸载的好处，结合选项，G项“更重要的是，这项运动可以帮助大脑建立新的联系”进一步描述其好处。故选G。
60．空处位于末段，是总结上文，上文提到通过认知卸载来使自己放松，故B项“给自己几分钟时间来释放情绪”符合语境。故选B。
61．E 62．G 63．D 64．A 65．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了正式面试时的几个建议，可以帮助读者给对方留下好的第一印象。
61．根据上文“Whether it’s for a promising job interview, first date, or chance meeting, making a good impression is important in just about every situation.(无论是为了一个有希望的面试，第一次约会或偶然相遇，留下一个好印象在任何情况下都很重要)”可知，已经强调了留下好印象很重要。由此可知，E. There are some simple steps to succeed in the first business meeting.(在第一次企业面试中成功有一些简单的措施)符合语境，表示接下来要给出具体建议了。故选E项。
62．根据下文“If you’re giving a presentation, arriving early gives you a moment to test the equipment you’re using. If you’re early to a job interview, you’ll have time to go over your elevator pitch to yourself, adjust your tie, or make sure your hair isn’t out of place.(如果你要做演讲，提前到达可以让你有时间测试你正在使用的设备。如果你去面试时早点到了，你就有时间对自己练习一下电梯演讲，调整一下领带，或者确保你的头发没有不合适)”及本段主题句“Arrive Early.(提前到达)可知，该段落在讲述商务会面时提前到达的好处。由此可知，G. Arriving in advance for a meeting gives you a little more time to ensure everything is in place.(会面时提前到达可以让你有更多的时间来确保一切都准备就绪)符合语境。故选G项。
63．根据上文“Actively listen. Active listening is giving the speaker your undivided attention and paying attention to what’s said and the intention behind it.(积极倾听。积极倾听是让说话者全神贯注，注意所说的话及其背后的意图)”可知，此处在讲过程中要积极认真地听，由此可知，D. Listen for opportunities to ask questions concerning the discussion.(认真听，寻找机会可以提出一些和讨论话题相关的问题)符合语境，并呼应下一句中的“the right questions”。故选D项。
64．根据下文“When you’re meeting someone for the first time, don’t try to be someone you’re not. If you don’t know the answer to something they ask, don’t fake it.(当你第一次和某人见面时，不要试图成为另一个人。如果你不知道他们问的问题的答案，不要假装)”可知该段表示，交谈中要展示真实的自己，不要假装或不懂装懂。由此可知，A. Be authentic.(要真实)符合语境。故选A项。
65．根据下文“If your meeting is planned in advance, you should know plenty about the person or business you’re meeting with before arriving. Google the people you’ll meet, the company founders/co-founders, their history, their competition, their main products, and any other relevant information before you walk into the room.(如果你的会面是提前计划好的，你应该在到达之前充分了解你要会面的人或企业。在你走进房间之前，可以在网上搜索一些关于你要见的人，公司创始人/联合创始人，他们的历史，他们的竞争对手，他们的主要产品，以及任何其他相关信息)”可知，本段建议可以借助网络去提前做一些调查，对要见的人获取企业有更多的了解，有备而来。由此可知，B. Do your research.(做一下调查研究)符合语境。故选B项。
66．B 67．D 68．G 69．F 70．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了吃饭的时间会影响食欲和体重，并提出相关建议。
66．下文“ A recent study found that when meals are delayed by four hours — say eating at 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all other lifestyle factors the same, people burn fewer calories, have stronger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that promote weight gain, according to the study’s author.(最近的一项研究发现，如果吃饭时间推迟了4个小时——比如在晚上10点半吃饭，而不是6点半，并且保持其他生活方式不变，根据该研究的作者所说，人们燃烧的卡路里会更少，食欲会更强，脂肪组织的变化会促进体重增加。)”通过举例来说明用餐时间所产生的影响，是对B选项“Researchers may have learned why meal timing could impact fat gain.(研究人员可能已经了解了为什么用餐时间会影响脂肪的增加。)”中研究成果的阐述，说明了用餐时间如何导致脂肪的增加，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
67．下文“In the weeks before, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck to identical diets and meal times at home. (在此之前的几周里，他们保持着规律的睡眠时间表，在家里坚持相同的饮食和用餐时间。)”提到实验对象在实验前几周的准备工作，根据句中时间状语“In the weeks before”可推知，上文设空处应介绍实验当日的情况，D选项“They each stuck to a strict early or late meal schedule for one day in a lab.(在实验室里，他们每个人都严格遵守早或晚的用餐时间表。)”符合语境。故选D。
68．上文“Ghrelin is the hormone that tells you when to eat, while leptin tells you when you’ve had enough. (胃饥饿素是一种告诉你什么时候该吃东西的激素，而瘦素告诉你什么时候吃饱了。)”提出饿素和瘦素的作用。G选项“The study found that leptin dropped by 16 percent when people delayed their meals.(研究发现，当人们推迟吃饭时，瘦素水平会下降16%。)”中说明推迟吃饭会导致瘦素水平下降，会让人多吃东西，上下文语意连贯，句中“leptin”是关键词。故选G。
69．上文“Keeping your eating schedule in line with your body’s natural clock makes sense. (让你的饮食计划与你身体的生物钟保持一致是有意义的)”提出让饮食计划与生物钟保持一致，F选项“Eating more early in the day and less as it progresses may be the best strategy.(早上多吃点，随着时间发展少吃点可能是最好的策略。)”给出具体建议，即早上多吃，后面少吃，下文“It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk for high blood pressure and other heart disease risk factors. (它可以最大限度地减少体重增加，降低患高血压和其他心脏病风险因素的风险。)”说明这样做的好处。上下文语意连贯。故选F。
70．根据下文的“So pay attention to portion (食物的一份) sizes and what you’re eating.(所以要注意食物的分量和你吃的东西。)”中“So”可知，上下文之间是因果关系，E选项“Remember, what you eat and how much is likely more important than when.( 记住，你吃什么和吃多少可能比什么时候吃更重要。)”指出吃什么和吃多少更重要，与下文构成因果关系，句中“what you eat and how much”与下文“portion (食物的一份) sizes and what you’re eating”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E。
71．C 72．B 73．D 74．E 75．G

【导语】本文是议论文。文章讨论了有关时尚的话题。作者认为时尚可以作为一种交流的方式，一种向你周围的人传达你的自我形象的方式。
71．上文“Is fashion important to you?”(时尚对你重要吗？)提出了一个关于时尚的问题，下文“From those who wear trendy ripped jeans and loose-fitting T-shirts to those who wear smart tailored suits and expensive designer outfits, each individual can have their own style.(从穿时髦的破洞牛仔裤和宽松的T恤，到穿时髦的定制西装和昂贵的设计师套装，每个人都有自己的风格。)”讲述了每个人有每个人的风格和时尚，因此推断空处回答上文并引出下文，故C项“对大多数人来说，至少在某种程度上是这样的。”符合语境，回答上文提出的问题，接下来进一步解释这个回答。故选C。
72．下文“And what impact can this have on their self-expression?(这对他们的自我表达有什么影响？)”再次提出问题，时尚对表达我们自己有什么影响呢，因此推断空处也是提出有关遵循时尚的问题。因为下文Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others.（可以说，影响人们穿着的一个因素是需要给别人留下深刻印象。）”factor汉语意思是“原因，因素”，说明上文中的问题需要提问“为什么”，结合选项，B符合语境，下文对两个问题做出了具体的解释。故选B。
73．上文“Arguably, one factor that influences what people wear is the need to impress others. People who dress well and keep up with the latest styles seem to be more noticed than those who are not concerned about their appearance.(可以说，影响人们着装的一个因素是为了给别人留下深刻印象。穿着得体并紧跟最新时尚的人似乎比那些不注重外表的人更受关注。)”讲述穿着得体时尚会给人留下更深刻的印象，更受关注，下文“In this way they assume an identity which makes them feel they impress. Yet, by copying general looks, people actually can’t show their individuality.(通过这种方式，他们假设了一种身份，让他们觉得自己给人留下了深刻的印象。然而，通过模仿一般的外表，人们实际上无法展示自己的个性。)”讲述人们用这种方式想要给人留下深刻印象。因此空处应是说明一种方式，且与上文一致，故D项“For this reason, people wear fashionable clothing.(因此，人们穿时髦的衣服。)”符合语境，与上文是因果关系，下文的this way指代的“wear fashionable clothing”。故选D。
74．上文“At the same time, fashion is perceived by some as a tool for success and one that represents wealth or respectable social position. For instance, people intentionally try to raise their status by wearing famous brands or expensive clothes which are admired by others.(与此同时，时尚被一些人视为成功的工具，代表着财富或受人尊敬的社会地位。例如，人们故意通过穿名牌或昂贵的衣服来提高自己的地位。)”通过举例说明人们通过穿时尚的，昂贵的名牌来提高自己的地位，E项中的these clothes呼应上文的famous brands or expensive clothes，故E项“这些衣服实际上并不是对穿着者的个人陈述。”符合语境，承接上文，与下文“They are just the means to promote a specific image of power and control. (它们只是宣传权力和控制的特定形象的手段。)”是顺承关系。解释说明上文内容。故选E。
75．上文“That being said, following fashion may not have anything to do with copying current trends but with using them as an inspiration to create outfits expressing individuality.(话虽如此，追随时尚可能与复制当前的趋势无关，而是将其作为一种灵感来设计表达个性的服装。)”讲述有的人追随时尚与当前的形势无关，只是一种表达个性的灵感设计，G项“这方面的一个例子是改造时尚的服装，做出小的个性化的改变。”符合语境，举例说明有些人只是进行个性化的改变，从而引出下文“Adding glam here and there， rolling up a pair of trousers or even wearing two different shoes can be considered a form of self-expression demonstrating originality.(在这里或那里增加魅力，卷起一条裤子，甚至穿两只不同的鞋子都可以被认为是一种展示创意的自我表达形式。)”举例说明这种个性化的时尚表现。故选G。
76．A 77．G 78．C 79．D 80．F

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者向学校申请创建俱乐部的故事。
76．由前文“ What makes these clubs so special?(是什么让这些俱乐部如此特别？)”和后文“From bringing up ideas to putting them into action, the students do everything.(从提出想法到付诸行动，学生们无所不为。)”可知，这次活动是学生主导的。而A项They are not led by teachers.(他们不是由老师领导的。)符合语境，有启下作用。故选A项。
77．由后文“ As soon as word got out, students took the chance.(消息一出，学生们就抓住了机会。) ”可知，这里主要讲学生积极参与创建俱乐部。而G项Our school recently announced that we could start our own clubs.(我们学校最近宣布我们可以成立自己的俱乐部。)符合语境，其中announced和后文word got out对应。故选G项。
78．由后文“Then we realized that we didn’t get used to writing in that kind of style. (然后我们意识到我们不习惯这种风格的写作。)”可推知，作者他们的申请没有通过，所以C项Unfortunately, we did not pass it.(不幸的是，我们没有通过。)符合语境。故选C项。
79．由后文“When the school agreed, we got a new club!(学校同意后，我们有了一个新俱乐部！)”可知，这里讲作者他们的申请通过了，所以前句应该讲他们再次申请，D项Then we sent the proposal to the school.(然后我们把申请送到学校。)符合语境。故选D项。
80．由前文“Starting a club is not easy, but leading it is harder. A fully student- run club is a good chance to test your leadership skills.(成立一家俱乐部并不容易，但领导俱乐部更难。一个完全由学生经营的俱乐部是测试你领导能力的好机会。)”可知，这里主要讲成立俱乐部的益处，所以F项This opportunity today is truly creating leaders for tomorrow.(今天的这个机会真正造就了明天的领导者。)符合语境，其中 leaders与前文your leadership skills对应。故选F项。
81．E 82．F 83．B 84．C 85．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是幸福，幸福从哪里来，怎么获得幸福。
81．上文“Happiness is considered very important in life. It is so powerful that it affects many things in your life—your sleep, relationships, health, study and work.(幸福被认为是生活中非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它影响着你生活中的许多事情——睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作。)”提到了幸福的重要性，影响着生活中许多东西；下文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求，此处开始介绍获得幸福的方式。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，需要引出下文。E项“Happiness is not something ready-made, but comes from your own actions.(幸福不是现成的，而是来自于你自己的行动。)”恰好能引出下文。故选E项。
82．上文“Happiness doesn’t happen spontaneously—it requires planning towards pursuing things that matter to us.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求；下文“It’s necessary to set goals to look forward to and follow an actionable plan to achieve them, which can boost your self-confidence and reduce stress and anxiety.(设定目标并遵循可行的计划来实现它们是很有必要的，这可以增强你的自信，减少压力和焦虑。)”提到了设定目标并按可行的计划来实现很有必要。由此可推知，此处与“按照计划设定目标”息息相关，F项“Goal setting is important, since it forms the outline for the life you envision.(设定目标很重要，因为它勾勒出了你想象的生活的轮廓。)”与上下文对应，故选F项。
83．设空处位于段首，需能概括本段内容；下文“When you are feeling negative about yourself, ask yourself what advice you would give a friend who was down on himself or herself.(当你对自己感到消极时，问问自己，你会给一个对自己失望的朋友什么建议。)”提到了当对自己感到消极时，问问自己会给对自己失望的朋友什么建议。由此可推知，本段重点强调“自己”，把自己当成朋友。B项“Sometimes, you need to treat yourself like a friend.(有时候，你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己。)”与下文对应。故选B项。
84．根据段首句“Keeping moving is also a good way.(保持运动也是一个好方法)”可知，本段与运动息息相关；上文“We don’t know if moving makes you happy or if happy people just move more, but we do know that more activity goes hand-in-hand with better health and greater happiness.(我们不知道运动是否会让你快乐，或者快乐的人只是多运动，但我们知道更多的运动与更好的健康和更大的快乐相伴而生。)”提到了运动与健康和快乐相伴；下文“Sunlight makes a difference. Spend time outside or live in a space with natural light.(阳光也有影响。花时间在户外或有自然光的地方生活。)”提到了去户外或有自然光的地方生活。由此可知，此处是建议去户外运动。C项“Studies also support that spending time in nature is good for you.(研究也表明，花时间在大自然中对你有好处。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。
85．上文“It is surely that our happiness is linked with the happiness of others.(毫无疑问，我们的幸福是与他人的幸福联系在一起的。)”提到了我们的幸福与他人的幸福有关；下文“Happiness is infectious, so stay with people who are happy, supportive and give you positive feedback.(幸福是会传染的，所以和幸福的、支持你的、能给你积极反馈的人呆在一起。)”提到了幸福会传染；由此可推知，此处是在建议和幸福的人待在一起。G项“People who are surrounded by happy people are more likely to become happy.(被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。
86．F 87．E 88．G 89．B 90．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了生活中人们虽然不懂歌曲中歌词，但人们一样喜欢这些歌曲的原因。
86．根据前文“From French electronic to K-pop and Spanish jazz, it’s common for us to listen to songs we don’t necessarily understand.”（从法国电子音乐到韩国流行音乐和西班牙爵士乐，我们经常听我们不一定能听懂的歌曲。）描述了生活中普遍存在我们经常听我们不一定能听懂的歌曲。下文“Sometimes, we even sing along to them without knowing the dictionary meaning of lyrics.”（有时候，我们甚至不知道歌词的字典意思就跟着唱。）表明人们会跟唱自己喜欢的歌曲，即使不懂歌曲的语言。因而空处可以描述不明白歌曲的语言并不阻碍我们喜欢听歌曲。选项F.“似乎不知道歌词的语言并不能阻止我们喜欢一首歌。”切题，故选F。
87．根据上文“In music, there’s something about the appeal of words as sounds, beyond their meaning in a language.”（在音乐中，单词作为声音的吸引力超越了它们在语言中的意义。）说明音乐中人们享受的是歌唱者的声音的吸引力。下文“This might explain why we are fond of a song even without knowing its lyrics.”（这也许可以解释为什么我们即使不知道歌词也会喜欢一首歌。）说明人们会因为享受歌唱者的声音而喜欢一首歌。所以空处应承上启下，讲述人们在听外文歌曲的时候，是在享受声音而不是听歌词。选项E.“所以，当我们听一首外国歌曲时，我们喜欢的是歌词的声音，而不是歌词。”切题，故选E。
88．根据下文“One example of such techniques is scale(音阶). Songs in major scales are brighter or happier, while minor scales usually sound slightly darker or bluer. ”（这种技巧的一个例子是音阶。大音阶的歌曲更愉快或者更快乐，而小音阶的歌曲通常听起来更忧郁或者更悲伤。）说明音乐中是会用到一些技巧来实现情绪的表达。因而空处应表述某些技巧会用在音乐中来表达情绪和信息。选项G.“一些音乐技巧和元素也可以帮助传达特定的情绪和信息。”切题，故选G。
89．结合前文“Our brain is wired to respond to a certain sound, and our breathing and even our movement go with the sound we hear. ”（我们的大脑会对特定的声音做出反应，我们的呼吸，甚至我们的动作都会随着我们听到的声音而变化。）说明人们会随着听到的音乐在动作上做出相应的变化。下文“Besides, elements of sound and music, like pitch, melody or harmony, also have an affective, emotional, and even physical impact on listeners. ”（此外，声音和音乐元素，如音高，旋律或和声，也会对听众的情感，情绪，甚至身体都会影响。）表明声音和音乐元素会影响听众的情感，情绪，甚至身体的动作。因而空处应承接前文，讲述音乐对人们的行为影响的一个具体表现。选项B.“这就是为什么快节奏的音乐在跑步中如此流行。”表明人们会结合快节奏的音乐调整自己的动作，切题，故选B。
90．根据下文“Lyrics are powerful tools for helping us recognise, express and reflect our emotions.”（歌词是帮助我们识别、表达和反映情感的有力工具。）表明歌词同样有着作用。所以空处应该讲述歌词的作用也不能忽视。选项C.“当然，这并不是忽视歌词在音乐中的重要性。”切题，故选C。
91．C 92．E 93．G 94．A 95．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章谈论了娱乐恐惧的科学。
91．根据上文“research shows that recreational fear can teach us to face scary situations. The “paradox of horror” is that being scared, under the right circumstances, can be fun. ”（研究表明娱乐恐惧可以教会我们面对可怕的情况。“恐怖悖论”是，在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事）提出“恐怖悖论”在适当的情况下，害怕可能是件有趣的事。因而空处应承接前文，讲述娱乐恐惧也是有好处的。选项C. “And recreational fear, as it is rightly named, could benefit us, too”（而娱乐性的恐惧，正如它的名字一样，也可以使我们受益）切题。故选C。
92．根据上文“And in one survey of more than 1,000 Americans, conducted by Clasen, 55% described themselves as horror fans. ”（在克拉森对1000多名美国人进行的一项调查中，55% 的人称自己是恐怖片迷。）讲述了克拉森的一项调查的结果，下文“Many people who would not consider themselves fans of fear enjoy true-crime podcasts and novels featuring violence and murder. Others may enjoy nature documentaries about top predators (捕食性动物) such as sharks and bears.”（许多不认为自己是恐惧迷的人喜欢真实犯罪的播客和以暴力和谋杀为主题的小说。其他人可能喜欢关于顶级掠食者如鲨鱼和熊的自然纪录片）提到了其他人的喜欢类型，所以空处应承接上文，讲述结果发现，喜欢恐怖并不是唯一的一种类型。选项E.“Horror, though, is not the only genre of what people find scary fun, he said.”（然而，他说，恐怖并不是人们觉得恐怖有趣的唯一类型）切题。故选E。
93．上文“Even babies like being a little spooked (惊的). Peek-a-boo is “an infant jump scare,” Clasen said. ”（即使是婴儿也喜欢被吓到，躲猫猫是“一种婴儿的跳跃恐惧”，Clasen 说）下文““I don’t think I’ve yet come across a person who did not enjoy some kind of recreational fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）所以空处应其承上启下的作用，讲述“捉迷藏”游戏也有着恐惧的因素。选项G.“Classic childhood games of tag and hide-and-seek are just like the real scenes of predator vs. prey.”（经典的儿童捉迷藏游戏就像捕食者与猎物的真实场景。）切题。故选G。
94．结合前一段的末句““I don’t think I’ve yet come across a person who did not enjoy some kind of recreational fear,” he said.”（“我想我还没有遇到过一个人不喜欢某种娱乐性的恐惧,”他说）说明人们都喜欢娱乐性的恐惧。下文“It is a combination of an adrenaline (肾上腺素) rush and an opportunity to learn about dealing with scary situations in a safe environment, researchers say.”（研究人员说，这是肾上腺素激增和学习如何在安全环境中处理可怕情况的机会的结合）解释了人们喜欢娱乐性恐惧的原因。因而空处应承接前文，讲述为什么人们会喜欢的问题。选项A.“So why do we like it?”（那我们为什么喜欢它？）切题。故选A。
95．根据上文“One study examined how 262 adults felt before and after they entered an extreme haunted house. ”（一项研究调查了262名成年人在进入一个极度闹鬼的房子前后的感受）空处应承接前文，讲述调查的结果。选项B.“Fifty percent of people said they felt better after the visit.”（百分之五十的人说他们在参观后感觉好多了）切题。故选B。
96．C 97．A 98．G 99．D 100．F

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了研究者发现青少年在向成年人转变的过程中，积极的情感将会对个人幸福感、事业成功和社会关系等方面产生重大的影响。
96．上文“Parents often have high hopes for how their children will turn out in adulthood, such as wanting them to be healthy, to feel satisfied with their career, and to have strong friendships.(父母常常对他们的孩子成年后的表现寄予厚望，比如希望他们的身体健康，对自己的事业感到满意，有牢固的友谊)”说明父母希望孩子们能在成年后获得好的结果，C项“但是在青少年从青春期走向成年的过程中，哪些因素有助于产生这些结果呢？”中的“these outcomes”指代的就是之前提到过的结果。故选C项。
97．上文“Affect is the tendency to express positive or negative emotions, which in turn influences how we experience things and determine whether to judge a given situation as positive or negative.(情感是表达积极或消极情绪的倾向，这反过来影响我们如何体验事物并决定是否判断给定的情况是积极的还是消极的)”说明情感是一种情绪倾向，是需要自我决定和自我判断的，A项“对事件的情感反应通常是自动发生的”是对上文观点的进一步解释说明。故选A项。
98．上文“In support of this crucial role that positive affect has in development, a study by researchers at the University of Virginia followed teenagers and young adults from ages 14 to 25, allowing them to understand the predictive power of positive affect across the critical developmental period from adolescence to young adulthood.(为了支持积极影响在发展中的这一关键作用，弗吉尼亚大学的研究人员对14至25岁的青少年和年轻人进行了跟踪研究，使他们能够了解从青春期到青年期这一关键发展阶段积极影响的预测能力。)”指出为了支持积极影响在发展中的这一关键作用，研究人员进行了研究，下文“For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.(举例来说，报告认为积极影响更高的青少年对他们的朋友有更强和更健康的依恋关系)”说明积极影响的青少年更容易和朋友相处，所以空处应该承上启下，指出研究发现，G项“这项研究发现积极的影响可以更好的预测青年时期的生活结果，比如建立更好的友谊”中的“developing better friendships”和下文事例中的“had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends”都是指和朋友建立良好的关系。故选G项。
99．上文“For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.(举例来说，报告认为积极影响更高的青少年对他们的朋友有更强和更健康的依恋关系)”说明积极的情感给青少年带来良好的人际关系， 而D项“有趣的是，结果表明积极的影响可能不仅仅是帮助青少年建立积极的人际关系”中的“helping teens build positive relationships”指的上文提到的和朋友之间良好的关系，是对上文话题的承接，讲了积极的影响的好处，下文“Positive affect also predicted increased self-worth and job competence, suggesting that, overall, positive affect seems to be a key predictor of young adult success across several important areas of functioning.(积极情感还可以预测自我价值感和工作能力的提高，这表明，总体而言，积极情感似乎是青年人在几个重要功能领域取得成功的关键预测因素。)”也是积极影响的好处，also表明和选项是并列关系，都在讲好处。故选D项。
100．上文“But what about the effects of negative affect? The researchers also examined whether negative affect would predict problems in young adulthood.”（但是负面影响的影响呢？研究人员还研究了负面影响是否会预测年轻成年期的问题。）可知在探究负面影响的预测。下文“Thus, the important takeaway is that adolescent positive affect may have powerful links to important life outcomes in the domains of personal well-being, career, and social relationships up to a decade later..(因此，重要的一点是，青少年的积极影响可能与十年后个人幸福、职业和社会关系领域的重要生活结果有着密切的联系。)可知，下文在强调积极影响与生活的关联。F项“与积极影响不同，负面影响不会与以后的生活结果有任何显著关联。”承接上文探究负面影响的测试结果，引起下文对于积极影响对于生活影响的进一步说明。故选F。