高考英语七选五专项训练

这是一份高考英语七选五专项训练，共22页。
七选五
Whether it is in a family board game, or during competitive sports, it can be easy to spot sore losers. During those times when we are faced with loss. sore losers struggle more than others.
When sore losers notice that they are lowering in the rankings, they may try to win at all costs.____1____ Therefore, they’re prepared to do anything in their power to avoid them even if that involves immoral behaviours.
____2____They constantly calculate their unlikelihood of a win in the competitions. And when the risk of losing is very high, they will immediately withdraw from the game. That’s because quitting is the last way to ensure losing doesn’t happen.
Perhaps the biggest revealing of sore losers is their attitude.____3____This can be linked back to evolutionary benefits, as channeling this frustration helped our ancestors succeed. After losing a hunt, for example, these feelings made them try harder until they were successful.
What can we do to avoid becoming sore losers? One way in the first place is to play and explore what you’re good at without any success criteria. Then when it does come to losing, identify what was within your control and whether it was down to luck, talent, or practice. ____4____Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then. ____5____
A．These thought processes can help you to gain insight.
B．The strategy may involve the participant becoming angry beforehand.
C．Giving up before the results are finalized is another sign of sore losers.
D．This is because the loss will bring about some unwanted negative feelings.
E．For many people, controlling anger is impossible as their loss is announced.
F．Most of us can accept the negative consequences of losing a fierce competition.
G．Another way is to consider the consequences of winning or losing in your future.

Choosing a nice mountain bike for you is easier than learning how to ride it. ____6____:
Decide how you are going to use your new mountain bike.
Are you a new rider who simply wants to travel outdoors on the weekend, weather permitting? Do you plan to test yourself on the rough roads, every day, rain or shine? Or are you going to use your new mountain bike to ride to and from school or work? ____7____, and you’re more than half way toward choosing the right mountain bike for you.
Visit your local bike shops.
Any good bike shop will stock a wide range of quality mountain bikes in all price points and sizes. Your local bike shops will carry more than one brand of bicycle. Not only will they sell you a mountain bike that suits your needs, but they will service what they sell.____8____. You’ll get one that satisfies you right away.
Don’t be bashful (羞怯的).
Tell your salesperson how you intend to use your new mountain bike, and how much you are willing to spend. Your salesperson will show you a selection of models and brands accordingly. He or she will also help you determine the right size for you.____9____.
____10____.
All good bike shops let customers take test rides. There’s a good reason for this beyond “try-before-you-buy’’ salesmanship. Since you already know your price range and find the right size, you now have to find out which brand you ride best. They want you to be happy with your purchase. After only a few lest rides from more than one bike shop, the right mountain bike will choose you.
A．Here are some advice on the riding skills
B．Be honest about your intentions
C．Keep these tips in mind
D．Stay safe when taking a test ride
E．Visit at least a few shops
F．You may ask more without any sense of shyness
G．Take a test ride

Fitness tracking devices often recommend we take 10,000 steps a day. But the goal of taking 10,000 steps is not, as many of us believe, rooted in science. ____11____
The 10,000-steps target became popular in Japan in the 1960s. A clock maker, hoping to benefit from interest in fitness after the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games, mass-produced a pedometer (计步器) with a name that, when written in Japanese characters, resembled a walking man. ____12____ Therefore, it created a walking aim that, through the decades, somehow got planted in our global consciousness — and fitness trackers.
But today’s best science suggests we do not need to take 10,000steps a day. ____13____ In that study, people who walked for about 8,000 steps a day were half as likely to die prematurely (过早地) from heart disease or any other cause as those who had 4,000 steps a day. ____14____ The extra steps did not provide much additional protection against dying young, either.
____15____ If, like many people, we currently take about 5,000 steps a day during the course of everyday activities like shopping and housework, adding the extra 2,000 to3,000 steps would take us to a total of between 7,000 and 8,000 steps most days, which seems to be the step-count sweet spot.
A．It also translated as “10,000-steps meter”.
B．Really, many of us reach that 10,000-step goal.
C．In fact it is based on history rather than research.
D．But the statistical benefits of additional steps were slight.
E．The 8,000-steps a day could be a reasonable and achievable goal.
F．A study found that 10,000 steps a day are not a must for a long life.
G．The risks for early death continued to drop among those taking more steps.

Back pain can make it difficult for many people to function in everyday life. ___16___ If you suffer from back pain, read on for four everyday fixes.
Our bodies need adequate movement throughout the day to avoid the stiffness that contributes to aches and pains. If the weather is good, don't hunt for the nearest parking spot; don't take the elevator when you have the option of one or two flights of stairs. When you need to sit for long periods, set a timer to get up every hour and be active for just a few minutes. ___17___
When we overuse our dominant side, we create muscle patterns of weakness and tension that increase pain, especially in our backs. Consider the actions you take repeatedly throughout the day that shift your weight to one side. ___18___ And use your opposite hand every so often for basic activities, such as opening doors.
Psychological stress is a noted risk factor for back pain, according to research. Most mental stress is caused by focusing on the past or future. ___19___ A few minutes a day of mindfulness can go a long way toward minimizing the impact of stress. Additionally, mindfulness practices like tai chi have all shown effectiveness in reducing back pain.
___20___ That is, you can create a game plan of daily activities to practice for back health. If your back hurts at the end of the day, don't just decide it was a “bad” day. Ask yourself if you practiced the activities to help you avoid the stress and tension. Taking an active, daily-life approach to maintaining a healthy body is the key to keeping back pain at bay.
A．Switch sides when you carry things.
B．It affects how you move, feel and think.
C．You should learn more about the cause of your pain.
D．Approach the health of your back as a responsibility.
E．So actively being mindful of the present reduces stress.
F．You'd better take a quick break to check in with your breathing.
G．More minutes of movement add up to big health benefits over time.

The human personality is a rather complex and bewildering thing to study. In order to gain a better understanding of the subject, people have attempted to find increasingly reliable ways to measure and classify personalities. _____21_____
Personality tests pose a series of questions or ambiguous images that are meant to help assess the test taker’s personality. Once completed, the collected answers will indicate what “type” of personality the test taker has.
_____22_____ They’re used to assess theories, evaluate the effectiveness of therapies, diagnose psychological problems, examine personality changes, and even screen job candidates. Personality testing has become a multibillion-dollar industry, and it is used by individuals, schools corporations, and even government agencies around the globe.
The majority of the tests that are used by experts today are based on the “Big Five” personality model. This theory suggests that the human personality can be measured across five broad dimensions: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to change. _____23_____ Some even break these dimensions further into smaller “subtraits” or divide the traits differently.  
Essentially, the personality tests we use today fall into two categories: self-report inventories and projective tests. The first category typically involves having the test subject read a number of multiple-choice questions or statements and then rating how well the described qualities or characteristics apply to them. The biggest advantage of self-report inventories is that they are standardized and use established norms(准则). _____24_____
The second category involves presenting the test subject with ambiguous scenes, objects, or scenarios(设想) and then asking them to give their interpretations of the test items. These descriptions are then used to assess the individual’s unconscious fears, desires, and challenges. This type of personality test is usually used in psychotherapy settings, where it allows therapists to gather a great deal of information about their clients in a relatively short amount of time. _____25_____ Different people may provide different interpretations of the responses given.
A．However, its subjective nature can be a problem.
B．Nowadays, these tests are conducted for a wide variety of purposes.
C．Personality tests are likely to become a more useful tool for employers.
D．These eventually gave rise to the modern personality tests that we use today.
E．Therefore, they’re easy to carry out and tend to have much higher reliability and validity.
F．Some people have high levels of openness to experience or score high in conscientiousness.
G．Some tests refer to these five dimensions by different labels or focus on one of them more than the others.

Many people describe volunteering as merely an unpaid job where you put in the effort and get nothing in return.____26____Actually, volunteering has many benefits and you are always encouraged to volunteer your time to do what you are passionate about.
____27____ Volunteering time to enrich your community is a great way to broaden your perceptions of the world. It will enrich your life, familiarize you with your community, and connect you to people and ideas that will positively impact your perspective for the rest of your life. And by surrounding yourself with people who are dedicated to making the world better, you can learn so much about how the world works.
It is statistically proven that people who volunteer regularly are healthier both physically and mentally. Individuals who have volunteered throughout their lifetime typically live longer and have better psychological well-being. In addition to the health benefits, volunteering gives people a unique sense of purpose by serving those around them.____28____
Besides, working alongside individuals who also care about improving their surroundings will allow you to broaden your network of friends.____29____Additionally, it will help you better understand the circumstances of other members.
Whether you’re passionate about animal rights or helping the homeless,you can find a valuable way to donate your time. ____30____They can be a great place to find opportunities to give back to the place you call home. Besides, you can check websites like VolunteerMatch or Idealist for volunteer opportunities that fit your interests and abilities.
A．However, it is not true to a certain extent.
B．How can you get involved in your community?
C．Many towns and cities have community centers.
D．Why is it important for you to volunteer your time?
E．Volunteering may even help you develop the experuise.
F．You’ll have more opportunities to meet lots of new people.
G．The sense of giving back and contributing to society is unequalled.

“Regret is a possible element of any decision that we make,” says psychologist Robert Leahy. “But the likelihood that you will regret your decisions will depend on how you think about making your decisions and how you cope with living with the result.”
If you’re someone who lets past regrets fester(溃烂)in your mind, Leahy recommends that you fight against irrational(非理性的)thinking and think more realistically about where you are in life.____31____ Here are some of his tips.
Remember that you don’t know things would have turned out better. If you imagine your life would have been better if only…, keep in mind that your assumption is not based on real evidence. ____32____ Instead, turn toward the future and remember it can change based on the choices you make now.
____33____Your negativity bias can keep you preoccupied with what’s wrong rather than what’s right. So, it’s a good idea to practise gratitude for the good in your life—even for the small and simple things. This helps to balance out the negative feelings that come with regret.
Don’t forget that sometimes things don’t turn out the way you wanted them to.____34____You cannot know anything in advance, so you need to accept that sometimes you will regret your choices. But that doesn’t mean you should criticize yourself endlessly. It’s better to learn from your mistakes than to punish yourself.
Accept tradeoffs(折中)and compromises. Not everything has to turn out just the way you wanted it to. You won’t make progress if you insist otherwise and make yourself miserable(痛苦的)in the process.____35____.
A．Be grateful for your past mistakes.
B．Don’t focus on where you might have been.
C．We will share some effective methods with you.
D．Focus on the positive aspects of your current life.
E．So, aim to be a satisficer rather than a maximizer.
F．Life can hand you lemons, but that’s not necessarily your fault.
G．He suggests using scientific approaches to question your assumptions.

Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can’t afford it? If so, consider a work exchange program. Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing. Both meals and other benefits are often thrown in. The jobs range from cleaning to computer work. Hosts around the world list volunteer opportunities through different work exchange programs. ____36____
One-benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways. For example, Workaway’s site lists more than 50,000 places to choose from. And Worldpackers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. ____37____ They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts.
____38____ You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can make yourself completely involved in a new culture. You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work. Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year.
Your length of stay depends on your host. It can be from one week to many months. ____39____ This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area.
When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky’s the limit! You can help on a dairy farm in Ireland. ____40____ Or you might help at a South African surf camp. The opportunities are endless!
Consider a travel work exchange. It might be the most exciting trip you ever take!
A．They carefully check out each potential host.
B．Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week.
C．What are some reasons to do a work exchange?
D．You could work in reception in a Japanese guest house.
E．Why are work exchange programs so popular among the young?
F．There are plenty of work exchange opportunities provided for you.
G．You can search by location or for the type of work you’re interested in.

In this day and age, digital devices (数码产品) have become a significant part of our daily lives. ___41___
But while these devices do make people’s lives easier, there are things to look out for in using these technologies. One is how digital devices seem to be taking over people’s social relationships.
You might have noticed how everyone is engaged in their devices during family gatherings or get-togethers with friends. While they were constantly clicking on their portable devices, real conversations are becoming rare. ___42___
So if you want to spend quality time with each other, you and your friends and family need to sacrifice screen time.
___43___ When you’re hanging out with your friends, make it a policy that all devices should be turned off. Of course, everyone should agree on this ahead of time to avoid any misunderstanding. ___44___ This could also be a house rule when you have dinner with your family or during any other event with relatives.
Another option could be to turn devices on silent mode (模式), just in case someone is expecting an urgent call or important text. It sounds simple, but turning our eyes away from the screen may be more difficult than you think. ___45___ And while we may be able to carry on a conversation while playing a game, this is definitely going to cause a loss to the quality of the time we spend with others.
By removing digital devices in the background, you and your friends can concentrate on what’s really important—spending time with each other.
A．Turning off your digital devices is a good first step.
B．They’re also driving us away from people around us.
C．People can therefore concentrate on what they are doing.
D．Thus, the opportunity to strengthen connections might be disappearing.
E．It seems so natural to reach for your phone or device before doing anything.
F．They are used for a variety of tasks, whether it’s ordering food or booking a flight.
G．And everyone must be willing to obey the rule or else the purpose would be defeated.

The Benefits of After-school Activities
Your kid is asking for piano lessons, joining a soccer team or taking ballet classes, but you’re not so sure that your money will be well spent. ___46___ , read these next benefits of participating in hobbies outside the home. It might just convince you to book the first class.
Build confidence through creative hobbies
From arts and poem writing to music and crafts, there are lots of creative after-school activities available out there for kids of all ages. Not only do these classes stimulate your little one’s imagination, but they also encourage curiosity. ___47___ . Interacting with others, sharing, cooperating and solving conflicts are all added bonuses and they are all extremely helpful tools in building self-confidence.
___48___
These days, the fast-paced world we live in causes stress to us all, including children — and providing fun environments and spaces where they can feel safe and creative is an excellent idea to help your child reduce the stress.___49___ . You have to aim to eliminate the stressors in your child’s life, regardless of the type of stress your child is dealing with, be it the case of shyness, social anxiety or pressure from school or home life.
Gain physical and psychological strength with sports
Avoiding childhood obesity has become a real issue in a world where kids spend more and more time indoors, glued to screens. But if your child shows any interest in a sport (even if just by watching it on their iPad), grab the opportunity and introduce after-school activities that focus on said physical activity. In these activities, your kids can also learn important lessons like respecting others and teamwork. ___50___ .
A．Reduce stress with after-school activities
B．Boost children’s enthusiasm and participation in class
C．When your kids spend 80 percent of their hours at school
D．Besides, they make your child more confident in the process
E．If you can’t decide about sending your kids to after-school activities
F．Choosing activities that don’t put extra pressure on your kids is also essential
G．Most importantly, your children can develop their mental strength while doing sports






















参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．E 4．G 5．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了输不起的人的特点以及解决方法。
1．根据上文“When sore losers notice that they are lowering in the rankings, they may try to win at all costs.(当输不起的人注意到自己的排名在下降时，他们可能会不惜一切代价争取胜利)”以及后文“Therefore, they’re prepared to do anything in their power to avoid them even if that involves immoral behaviours.(因此，他们准备尽其所能避免他们，即使这涉及不道德的行为)”可知，后文提到了输不起的人想要避免一些东西，本句承接上文说明他们争取胜利的原因，D选项some unwanted negative feelings对应后文them。故D选项“这是因为失去会带来一些不想要的负面情绪”符合语境，故选D。
2．根据后文“They constantly calculate their unlikelihood of a win in the competitions. And when the risk of losing is very high, they will immediately withdraw from the game. That’s because quitting is the last way to ensure losing doesn’t happen.(他们不断计算自己在比赛中获胜的可能性。当失败的风险非常高时，他们会立即退出游戏。那是因为放弃是确保不会失败的最后一种方法)”后文提到“当失败的风险非常高时，他们会立即退出游戏”，即在确定结果之前就放弃。故C选项“在结果确定之前放弃是输不起的人的另一个表现”符合语境，故选C。
3．根据上文“Perhaps the biggest revealing of sore losers is their attitude.(也许最能揭示输不起的人的是他们的态度)”以及后文“This can be linked back to evolutionary benefits, as channeling this frustration helped our ancestors succeed. After losing a hunt, for example, these feelings made them try harder until they were successful.(这可以追溯到进化的好处，因为引导这种挫折帮助我们的祖先成功。例如，在一次狩猎失败后，这些感觉会让他们更加努力，直到成功)”可知，本句主要关于输不起的人对待失败的态度，故E选项“对许多人来说，当他们的损失被宣布时，控制愤怒是不可能的”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据“Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then.(现在赢感觉很重要，但结果对你明天有什么影响？很有可能，到那时它就不会那么重要了)”可知，后文提到了考虑输赢对未来的影响，故G选项“另一种方法是考虑你未来输赢的后果”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Winning feels essential now, but how will the result affect you tomorrow? Chances are, it-won’t be as significant then.(现在赢感觉很重要，但结果对你明天有什么影响？很有可能，到那时它就不会那么重要了)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文进一步说明上文方法的作用。故A选项“这些思维过程可以帮助你获得洞察力”符合语境，故选A。
6．C 7．B 8．E 9．F 10．G

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了挑选山地自行车的方法。
6．根据前文“Choosing a nice mountain bike for you is easier than learning how to ride it. (为您选择一辆漂亮的山地自行车比学习如何骑它更容易。)”可知，下文要讲述挑选的方法，空处应为承下启下的句子，与C项“Keep these tips in mind(记住这些技巧)”上下文一致。故选C项。
7．根据前文“Decide how you are going to use your new mountain bike. (决定您将如何使用新的山地自行车。)”及空前“Are you a new rider who simply wants to travel outdoors on the weekend, weather permitting? Do you plan to test yourself on the rough roads, every day, rain or shine? Or are you going to use your new mountain bike to ride to and from school or work? (您是只想在天气允许的情况下在周末户外旅行的新骑手吗？你打算每天在崎岖不平的道路上测试自己，风雨无阻吗？或者你打算用你的新山地自行车骑车上下学或工作？)”可知，作者是要读者明白自己购买山地自行车的真实意图，与B项“Be honest about your intentions(诚实地表达你的意图)”上下文一致，故选B项。
8．根据主题句“Visit your local bike shops.(访问您当地的自行车商店。)”可知，本段主要内容是要读者去看看当地的自行车商店，与E项“Visit at least a few shops(参观至少几家店)”上下文一致，故选E项。
9．根据主题句“Don’t be bashful (羞怯的).(别害羞)”可知，作者建议述要与店主多咨询多沟通自己的购买意向，价格品牌等，与F项“You may ask more without any sense of shyness(你可以问更多，没有任何害羞感)”上下文一致，故选F项。
10．根据下文“All good bike shops let customers take test rides. (所有好的自行车商店都让顾客试驾。)”可知本段主要讲述读者需要试驾自行车，与G项“Take a test ride(试驾)”上下文一致，故选G项。
11．C 12．A 13．F 14．D 15．E

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了我们是否每天应该走1000步。
11．根据上文“But the goal of taking 10,000 steps is not, as many of us believe, rooted in science.(但是，走一万步的目标并不像我们许多人认为的那样，是基于科学的)”可知，走一万步的目标并是不基于科学。由此可知，C. In fact it is based on history rather than research.(事实上，它是基于历史而不是研究)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选C。
12．根据上文“The 10,000-steps target became popular in Japan in the 1960s. A clock maker, hoping to benefit from interest in fitness after the 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games, mass-produced a pedometer (计步器) with a name that, when written in Japanese characters, resembled a walking man.( 20世纪60年代，一万步的目标在日本流行起来。一家钟表制造商希望从1964年东京奥运会后人们对健身的兴趣中获益，于是批量生产了一款计步器，用日文写出来的名字就像一个走路的人)”可知，此处介绍了一万步目标的不同名称。由此可知，A. It also translated as “10,000-steps meter”.(它也被翻译成“一万步米”)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选A。
13．根据下文“In that study, people who walked for about 8,000 steps a day were half as likely to die prematurely (过早地) from heart disease or any other cause as those who had 4,000 steps a day.(在那项研究中，每天步行约8000步的人因心脏病或其他原因过早死亡的可能性是每天步行4000步的人的一半)”可知，此处介绍每天走路的步数对寿命的影响。由此可知，F. A study found that 10,000 steps a day are not a must for a long life.(一项研究发现，要想长寿，每天走一万步并不是必须的)能够衔接下文，下文中的that study指代选项中是a study，符合语境。故选F。
14．根据上文“But today’s best science suggests we do not need to take 10,000steps a day.(但当今最先进的科学表明，我们不需要每天走一万步)”及下文“The extra steps did not provide much additional protection against dying young, either.(这些额外的步数也没有提供多少防止英年早逝的额外保护)”可知，我们不需要每天走一万步，额外的步数也没有提供额外的保护。由此可知，D. But the statistical benefits of additional steps were slight.(但是，从统计上看，额外的步数带来的好处是微不足道的)能够承上启下，符合语境，其中选项中的additional steps对应原文中的extra steps。故选D。
15．根据下文“If, like many people, we currently take about 5,000 steps a day during the course of everyday activities like shopping and housework, adding the extra 2,000 to3,000 steps would take us to a total of between 7,000 and 8,000 steps most days, which seems to be the step-count sweet spot.(如果像许多人一样，我们目前每天在购物和做家务等日常活动中走5000步左右，那么加上额外的2000到3000步，我们大多数日子的总步数将达到7000到8000步，这似乎是步数的最佳点)”可知，本段指出7000到8000步似乎是步数的最佳点。由此可知，E. The 8,000-steps a day could be a reasonable and achievable goal.(每天走8000步可能是一个合理且可以实现的目标)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选E。
16．B 17．G 18．A 19．E 20．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些缓解背部疼痛的方法。
16．根据上文“Back pain can make it difficult for many people to function in everyday life.(背部疼痛会使许多人在日常生活中难以正常工作)”可知，本句继续说明背部疼痛对人们的影响，B选项中It指代上文Back pain。故B选项“它影响你的行动、感觉和思考”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据上文“Our bodies need adequate movement throughout the day to avoid the stiffness that contributes to aches and pains. If the weather is good, don't hunt for the nearest parking spot; don't take the elevator when you have the option of one or two flights of stairs. When you need to sit for long periods, set a timer to get up every hour and be active for just a few minutes.(我们的身体在一天中需要足够的运动，以避免导致疼痛的僵硬。如果天气很好，不要寻找最近的停车位；如果你可以选择一段或两段楼梯，就不要乘电梯。当你需要长时间坐着的时候，设置一个计时器，每小时起来活动几分钟)”可知，本段主要说明了尽量多运动，本句为本段最后一句，应继续说明运动的影响：对健康有很大的好处。故G选项“随着时间的推移，运动时间的增加对健康有很大的好处”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据上文“When we overuse our dominant side, we create muscle patterns of weakness and tension that increase pain, especially in our backs. Consider the actions you take repeatedly throughout the day that shift your weight to one side.(当我们过度使用惯用的那一侧时，我们就会产生肌肉无力和紧张的模式，增加疼痛，尤其是在我们的背部。考虑一下你每天重复做的那些让你的体重向一边转移的动作)”以及后文“And use your opposite hand every so often for basic activities, such as opening doors.(经常用另一只手做一些基本的动作，比如开门)”可知，上文提到“考虑一下你每天重复做的那些让你的体重向一边转移的动作”，即换边使用手，故A选项“拿东西的时候换一边”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据上文“Psychological stress is a noted risk factor for back pain, according to research. Most mental stress is caused by focusing on the past or future.(研究表明，心理压力是背痛的一个重要风险因素。大多数精神压力都是由关注过去或未来引起的)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出应关注当下。故E选项“所以积极地关注当下可以减少压力”符合语境，故选E。
20．根据后文“That is, you can create a game plan of daily activities to practice for back health. If your back hurts at the end of the day, don't just decide it was a “bad” day. Ask yourself if you practiced the activities to help you avoid the stress and tension. Taking an active, daily-life approach to maintaining a healthy body is the key to keeping back pain at bay.(也就是说，你可以制定一个日常活动的游戏计划来练习背部健康。如果你在一天结束的时候背痛，不要只是认为这是“糟糕的一天”。问问自己，你是否练习过这些活动来帮助你避免压力和紧张。采取积极的日常生活方式来保持健康的身体是控制背痛的关键)”可知，后文提到制定一个日常活动的游戏计划来练习背部健康，即保持背部健康看作一项任何或是责任。故D选项“把保持背部健康视为一种责任”符合语境，故选D。
21．D 22．B 23．G 24．E 25．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是现代性格测试的用途、理论基础以及类型。
21．根据第二段的首句“Personality tests pose a series of questions or ambiguous images that are meant to help assess the test taker’s personality.(性格测试提出了一系列问题或模糊的图像，旨在帮助评估测试者的性格。)”可知，此空处应引出本文讲述的话题Personality tests，D选项“These eventually gave rise to the modern personality tests that we use today.(这些最终产生了我们今天使用的现代性格测试。)”引出了本文的话题modern personality tests，同时其中的these指代的内容与空前“In order to gain a better understanding of the subject, people have attempted to find increasingly reliable ways to measure and classify personalities.(为了更好地理解这个主题，人们试图找到越来越可靠的方法来衡量和分类人格。)”中的reliable ways。故选D项。
22．分析篇章结构的特点，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“They’re used to assess theories, evaluate the effectiveness of therapies, diagnose psychological problems, examine personality changes, and even screen job candidates.(它们被用来评估理论，评估治疗的有效性，诊断心理问题，检查性格变化，甚至筛选求职者。)”可知，本段讲述的应为性格测试的目的有关，B选项“Nowadays, these tests are conducted for a wide variety of purposes.(如今，这些测试用于各种目的。)”引出下文的内容，且讲述的与性格测试的目的有关。故选B项。
23．根据空前的“This theory suggests that the human personality can be measured across five broad dimensions: extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to change.(该理论表明，人类的个性可以从五个广泛的维度来衡量：外向性、宜人性、尽责性、神经质和对变化的开放性。)”可知，该部分讲述的是人类的性格有五个维度，空后“Some even break these dimensions further into smaller “subtraits” or divide the traits differently.(有些人甚至将这些维度进一步分解为更小的“子特征”或以不同的方式划分特征。)”一些人基于这一理论的做法，尤其是根据even可推断，该空处讲述的与此内容相关，G选项“Some tests refer to these five dimensions by different labels or focus on one of them more than the others.(一些测试通过不同的标签来指代这五个维度，或者比其他维度更关注其中一个维度。)”是对该理论的应用情况的说明，承接空前内容，与空后内容一致。故选G项。
24．根据空前的“The biggest advantage of self-report inventories is that they are standardized and use established norms(准则).(自我报告清单的最大优点是它们是标准化的，并使用既定的规范。)”以及空格处于段尾的特点可知，此处应进一步介绍第一种测试类型的优点，E选项“Therefore, they’re easy to carry out and tend to have much higher reliability and validity.(因此，它们易于执行，并且往往具有更高的可靠性和有效性。)”中的therefore表明此处与空前内容为因果关系，且内容讲述的是第一种测试类型便于操作，且可信度更高，与空前内容一致。故选E项。
25．根据空前的“This type of personality test is usually used in psychotherapy settings, where it allows therapists to gather a great deal of information about their clients in a relatively short amount of time.(这种类型的性格测试通常用于心理治疗环境，它允许治疗师在相对较短的时间内收集有关其客户的大量信息。)”可知，第二种性格测试使用在心理治疗环境中，允许对客户短时间内收集大量的信息，空后“Different people may provide different interpretations of the responses given.(不同的人可能会对给出的回答提供不同的解释。)”说明不同的人做出来的回应不同，由此可推断，此空处进一步解释第二种类型的特点，A选项“However, its subjective nature can be a problem.(但是，它的主观性质可能是一个问题。)”造成的后果与空后内容一致，且与空前内容的逻辑关系合理。故选A项。
26．A 27．D 28．G 29．F 30．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些志愿服务的好处。
26．根据空前“Many people describe volunteering as merely an unpaid job where you put in the effort and get nothing in return(许多人认为志愿服务只是一项没有报酬的工作，你付出了努力却没有得到任何回报)”可知，A项“However, it is not true to a certain extent.(然而，这在一定程度上是不正确的)”作为过渡句，表示与上句的转折关系，其中it指代的就是上句提到的内容，且空后“Actually, volunteering has many benefits and you are always encouraged to volunteer your time to do what you are passionate about.(事实上，志愿服务有很多好处，你总是被鼓励自愿奉献你的时间去做你感兴趣的事情)”也是对A项的进一步解释。故选A项。
27．根据空后“Volunteering time to enrich your community is a great way to broaden your perceptions of the world. It will enrich your life, familiarize you with your community, and connect you to people and ideas that will positively impact your perspective for the rest of your life.(丰富你社区的志愿服务时间是扩大你对世界认知的好方法。它会丰富你的生活，让你熟悉你的社区，并将你与那些对你的余生产生积极影响的人和想法联系起来)”可知，此处是在具体解释志愿服务的好处，这也是对D项“Why is it important for you to volunteer your time?(为什么志愿服务时间对你来说很重要？)”问题的回答。故选D项。
28．根据空前“In addition to the health benefits, volunteering gives people a unique sense of purpose by serving those around them.(除了健康方面的好处，志愿服务还通过为周围的人服务给人们一种独特的使命感)”可知，此处的这种独特的使命感指的就是G选项“The sense of giving back and contributing to society is unequalled.(回馈社会和为社会做贡献的感觉是无与伦比的)”中的回馈社会和为社会做贡献的感觉，且sense为词义复现。故选G项。
29．根据空前“Besides, working alongside individuals who also care about improving their surroundings will allow you to broaden your network of friends.(此外，和关心改善周围环境的人一起工作，会让你扩大你的朋友圈)”可知，扩大朋友圈就是意味着交更多朋友，这与F选项“You’ll have more opportunities to meet lots of new people.(你会有更多的机会认识很多新朋友)”内容一致。故选F项。
30．根据空后“They can be a great place to find opportunities to give back to the place you call home.(他们是一个伟大的地方，你可以找到机会回报你称之为家的地方)”可知，此处的They指的就是C项“Many towns and cities have community centers.(许多城镇都有社区中心)”中community centers，建议人们可以去社区中心开展志愿服务工作，符合上下文语境。故选C项。
31．G 32．B 33．D 34．F 35．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了四种调节生活中遗憾的方法。
31．根据空前“Leahy recommends that you fight against irrational(非理性的) thinking and think more realistically about where you are in life. (莱希建议你与非理性思维作斗争，更现实地思考你在生活中的位置。)”中的Leahy及空后“Here are some of his tips. (以下是他的一些提示)”中的his与G项中的He相呼应，又因为irrational thinking与G项中的assumptions相呼应，故G项“He suggests using scientific approaches to question your assumptions.(他建议用科学的方法质疑你的假设)”符合上下文语境，故选G项。
32．根据空后“Instead, turn toward the future and remember it can change based on the choices you make now. (相反，转向未来，记住它可以根据你现在所做的选择而改变。)”中的关键词Instead和future可知，空处内容应该是与下文相反，即告诉我们不要做什么，与B项“Don’t focus on where you might have been. (不要总是纠结于假设的过去的你可能会处于什么样的状态)”上下文一致，故选B项。
33．根据空后“Your negativity bias can keep you preoccupied with what’s wrong rather than what’s right. (你的消极偏见会让你全神贯注于什么是错的，而不是什么是对的。)”谈及消极情绪的不良影响，故旨在鼓励大家要积极，又根据空后“So, it’s a good idea to practise gratitude for the good in your life―even for the small and simple things. (所以，对生活中的美好事物心存感激是个好主意——即使是对小而简单的事情。)”可知，与D项“Focus on the positive aspects of your current life. (关注当前生活的积极方面)”上下文一致，故选D项。
34．根据空前“Don’t forget that sometimes things don’t turnout the way you wanted them to. (不要忘记，有时事情并没有按照你想要的方式发展。)”可知，生活中会有快乐也会也苦难，与F项“Life can hand you lemons, but that’s not necessarily your fault. (生活会给你带来苦难，但这并不一定是你的错。)”上下文一致，故选F项。
35．根据空前“Not everything has to turn out just the way you wanted it to. You won’t make progress if you insist otherwise and make yourself miserable(痛苦的)in the process. (并非一切都必须按照您想要的方式发展。如果你坚持不这样做，你就不会进步，在这个过程中让自己痛苦)”，及本段的主题句“Accept tradeoffs(折中) and compromises. (接受权衡和妥协。)”可知，要知足常乐，顺其自然，与E项“So, aim to be a satisficer rather than a maximizer. (所以，做一个知足常乐的人吧，不要唯利是图)”上下文一致，对本段进行总结，故选E项。
36．G 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的旅行方式，那就是工作交换旅行，介绍了这种方式的好处。
36．根据空前“Hosts around the world list volunteer opportunities through different work exchange programs. (世界各地的主办方通过不同的工作交流项目列出了志愿者机会。)”可知，这样的旅行方式范围遍及全世界。选项G“You can search by location or for the type of work you’re interested in. (你可以根据地点或你感兴趣的工作类型进行搜索。)”与上文内容一致，上文说这种旅行方式全世界都有，该选项则延续上文内容，认为读者可以根据地点和兴趣来进行搜索。故选G。
37．根据上文“For example, Workaway’s site lists more than 50,000 places to choose from. And Worldpackers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. (例如，Workaway的网站列出了超过5万个可供选择的地方。Worldpackers以他们对安全的关注而自豪。)”以及下文“They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts. (他们还为志愿者和东道主提供全天候的支持网络。)”可知，上下文都介绍了Workaway具体为志愿者和接待主所做的事。选项A“They carefully check out each potential host. (他们仔细检查每一个潜在的接待主。)”与上下文内容一致。故选A。
38．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can make yourself completely involved in a new culture. You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work. Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year. (你可以获得创造力、领导力、语言等方面的新技能。你可以让自己完全融入一种新的文化。你会结交新朋友，因为你在一个地方待了一段时间，工作了。几乎任何年龄的人都可以参加这个项目，全年旅行。)”可知，本段主要讲述了从工作旅行中，你可以得到什么好处，也就是你选择这种旅行方式的原因。选项C“What are some reasons to do a work exchange? ( 做工作交换的理由是什么？)”与下文内容一致。故选C。
39．根据空前“Your length of stay depends on your host. It can be from one week to many months. (你停留的时间长短取决于你的接待主。从一个星期到几个月不等。)”而空后“This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area. (这给了你足够的空闲时间去探索这个地区。)”则说你有足够的时间去探索该地区。由此判断，空处指的是工作时间。选项B“Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week. (一般来说，你每周工作20到30个小时。)”符合上下文内容。故选B。
40．根据上文“When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky’s the limit! You can help on a dairy farm in Ireland.(说到工作交换机会，一切皆有可能！你可以在爱尔兰的奶牛场帮忙。)”以及下文“Or you might help at a South African surf camp. (或者你也可以去南非的冲浪营地帮忙。)”可知，上下文提到的都是工作交换的内容。选项D“You could work in reception in a Japanese guest house. (你可以在日本宾馆的接待处工作。)”同样提到的是交换工作的内容，与上下文内容一致。故选D。
41．F 42．D 43．A 44．G 45．E

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电子产品影响了我们日常交流并介绍了解决办法。
41．根据上文“In this day and age, digital devices (数码产品) have become a significant part of our daily lives.(在这个时代，数码产品已经成为我们日常生活中重要的一部分)”结合下文话题转到数码产品的不足推知，空处应承接上文继续描写数码产品给我们日常生活带来的便利。F选项“They are used for a variety of tasks, whether it’s ordering food or booking a flight.(它们被用来完成各种各样的任务，无论是订食物还是订机票)”符合题意，故选F。
42．根据上文“While they are constantly clicking on their portable devices, real conversations are becoming rare.(当他们不停地点击他们的便携设备时，真正的对话变得越来越少)”可知，电子设备使得人们沟通越来越少。D选项“Thus, the opportunity to strengthen connections might be disappearing.(因此，加强联系的机会可能正在消失)”符合题意，故选D。
43．根据下文“When you’re hanging out with your friends, make it a policy that all devices should be turned off.(当你和朋友出去玩的时候，制定一个政策，所有的设备都应该关闭)”可知，本段介绍的解决措施是关掉电子设备。A选项“Turning off your gadgets is a good first step.(关掉电子设备是很好的第一步)”符合题意，故选A。
44．根据上文“Of course, everyone should agree on this beforehand to avoid any misunderstanding.(当然，每个人都应该事先达成一致，以避免任何误解)”可知，关掉电子设备这一方法需要大家共同的努力。G选项“And everyone must be willing to cooperate or else the purpose would be defeated.(每个人都必须愿意合作，否则目标就会落空)”符合题意，故选G。
45．根据上文“Another option could be to turn devices on silent mode (模式), just in case someone is expecting an urgent call or important text. It sounds simple, but turning our eyes away from the screen may be more difficult than you think. (另一种选择是将设备打开静音模式，以防有人接到紧急电话或重要短信。这听起来很简单，但把我们的眼睛从屏幕上移开可能比你想象的要困难)”可知，把手机调成静音模式这种解决方式，听起来很容易，但其实比想象的困难。由此推知，空处给出困难的理由。E选项“It seems so natural to reach for your phone or device before doing anything.(在做任何事情之前拿手机或设备似乎是很自然的)”符合题意，故选E。
46．E 47．D 48．A 49．F 50．G

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了课外活动的各种好处。
46．根据空前“Your kid is asking for piano lessons, joining a soccer team or taking ballet classes, but you’re not so sure that your money will be well spent.(你的孩子要求上钢琴课，参加足球队或上芭蕾舞课，但你不确定你的钱是否花得值。)”可知，作者是在引出课外活动这一主题。而根据空后的逗号，以及主句“read these next benefits of participating in hobbies outside the home. (下面是参加课外活动的好处)”可知，空处为从句。选项E“If you can’t decide about sending your kids to after-school activities(如果你不能决定是否送你的孩子去参加课外活动)”形式上为状语从句，内容上与空后的“参加户外活动的好处”保持一致。故选E。
47．根据上文“From arts and poem writing to music and crafts, there are lots of creative after-school activities available out there for kids of all ages. Not only do these classes stimulate your little one’s imagination, but they also encourage curiosity.(从艺术和诗歌写作到音乐和手工艺，有很多创造性的课外活动可供所有年龄段的孩子们选择。这些课程不仅能激发孩子的想象力，还能激发他们的好奇心)”以及下文“Interacting with others, sharing, cooperating and solving conflicts are all added bonuses and they are all extremely helpful tools in building self-confidence.(与他人互动、分享、合作和解决冲突都是额外的奖励，它们都是建立自信的非常有用的工具)”可知，上下文讲述的都是创造性爱好给孩子带来的好处。选项D“Besides, they make your child more confident in the process(此外，他们会让你的孩子在这个过程中更自信)”讲述的是创造性爱好让孩子有自信心，内容上与下文保持一致，故选D。
48．空处为小标题，为本段主要内容。根据下文“These days, the fast-paced world we live in causes stress to us all, including children — and providing fun environments and spaces where they can feel safe and creative is an excellent idea to help your child reduce the stress. (如今，我们生活的快节奏的世界给我们所有人带来了压力，包括孩子们——提供有趣的环境和空间，让他们感到安全和有创造力，这是一个帮助你的孩子减轻压力的好主意)”可知，课外活动可以帮助孩子减压。选项A“Reduce stress with after-school activities(通过课外活动减轻压力)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
49．根据下文“You have to aim to eliminate the stressors in your child’s life, regardless of the type of stress your child is dealing with, be it the case of shyness, social anxiety or pressure from school or home life.(你必须致力于消除孩子生活中的压力源，不管你的孩子正在处理的是哪种类型的压力，无论是害羞、社交焦虑还是来自学校或家庭生活的压力)”可知，下文指的是要消除孩子生活中的压力源。选项F“Choosing activities that don’t put extra pressure on your kids is also essential(选择不会给孩子带来额外压力的活动也很重要)”与下文内容一致，建议家长不要选择会给孩子带来压力的课外活动。故选F。
50．根据空前内容“Avoiding childhood obesity has become a real issue in a world where kids spend more and more time indoors, glued to screens. But if your child shows any interest in a sport (even if just by watching it on their iPad), grab the opportunity and introduce after-school activities that focus on said physical activity. In these activities, your kids can also learn important lessons like respecting others and teamwork.(在一个孩子们花越来越多的时间呆在室内、盯着屏幕的世界里，避免儿童肥胖已经成为一个真正的问题。但是，如果你的孩子对某项运动表现出任何兴趣(即使只是在iPad上看)，抓住机会，向他们介绍一些以上述体育活动为重点的课外活动。在这些活动中，你的孩子也可以学到重要的课程，如尊重他人和团队合作)”可知，空前讲述的是运动可以帮助孩子学会尊重他人和团队合作。选项G“Most importantly, your children can develop their mental strength while doing sports(最重要的是，你的孩子可以在运动中发展他们的智力)”与上文内容一致，介绍的是运动还可以发展孩子的智力。故选G。