初中英语中考语法复习连词知识讲解

中考英语语法复习连词知识讲解一、基本概念1 连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词，起辅助作用，在句子中不单独作成分。2 根据在句子中所起的作用不同，连词通常分为并列连词和从属连词。3 并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具有同等句法功能的词、短语或句子；而从属连词用来连接不同层次，带有主从关系的词、短语或句子。二、连词分类1.并列连词 并列连词词义例句and和，又，及He is laughing and talking.but但是，可是(表转折)He is poor, but honest.or或者(表选择)Would you like tea or coffee?so因此，所以(表结果)He was ill, so he couldn’t go to school yesterday.both…and…两者都Both you and she are right.not only…but also…不但…而且…Not only you but also everyone here likes watching football match.either…or…或者…或者……Either he or I am right.neither…nor…既不…也不……Neither the twins nor Li Lei has been to Shanghai.【特例】1.“祈使句+or+结果句”与“If you don’t…,you’ll…”同义，其中or意为“否则”。如：Hurry up, or you will be late.快点，否则你就会迟到了!=If you hurry up, you won’t be late.如果快点，你就不会迟到了。=If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.如果不快点，你就会迟到了。2.but意为“但是”，用来表示转折关系，注意它不能与though, although连用。如：I want to help you,but I really don’t know what to do.我想帮你，可是我真的不知道该做什么。He tried hard to catch up with others,but he failed.他竭力想赶上别人，但失败了。3.so意为“所以，因此”用来表示因果关系，注意它不能与because,since,as连用。如：It was rather late,so we decided to go home.已经很晚了，所以我们决定回家。The rain began to fall,so we had to find a place to stay in.雨开始下起来，所以我们不得不找个避雨的地方。4.for意为“因为”，表示原因，主要用来进行补充说明，没有因果关系。如：I must be off now,for it’s rather cold outside.我得走了，因为外面相当冷。I soon fell asleep,for I was tired.我很快就睡着了，因为我太累了。5.not only…but also,neither…nor…和either…or…连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致；both…and…连接两个主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式；而as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词同前面的主语在人称和数上要保持一致。如：Not only I but also my mother is going to the museum.不仅我而且我的母亲也要去博物馆。Neither you nor I am right.你和我都不对。Either you or he is right.要么你对，要么他对。Both Li Ping and her father take exercise every morning.李萍和她的父亲每天早晨都进行锻炼。2.从属连词分类连词词义例句  表示时间when当……时The students were talking when the teacher came in.while当……时I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV.　　after在……之后I’ll go to play football after I finish my homework.before在……之前Please turn off the light before you leave the room.till,until直到…为止I’ll wait till/until he arrives.　　不到…不She won’t get home till/until it gets dark.as soon as一……就I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing.since自从……He has lived here since 1980.表示条件if如果We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.unless除非，如果不They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday. 表示原因because因为He didn’t come because he was ill.since既然Since we have got ready for it, let’s set off.as因为As I’m not at home, please leave a message. 表示目的so that以便于He got up early so that he could get there in time.in order that为了He works hard in order that he can go to a good college. 表示结果so…that如此…以至于……The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.such… that如此……以至于……It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.表示让步though/although虽然He would be happy though he should have to live alone.He often helps others  although he is not rich. 表示比较as像……一样Do as you like.as…as…和……一样He ran as fast as Mike.not as…as不及……It isn’t as easy as you think.than比……She jumped higher than Rose.【特例】1.if意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句；意为“如果”时，引导条件状语从句。如：Could you tell me if they’ll come tomorrow? 你能告诉我他们明天会来吗？You can go out to play if your homework is finished.如果你的作业做完了，你就可以出去玩了。2.从属连词so…that…和such…that…都表示“如此……以至于……”，但用法不同：so…that…结构中的so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词；such…that…中的such为形容词，后面接名词(名词前可以有形容词或副词修饰)。试比较：He was such a clever boy that he thought out a very good idea.=He was so clever a boy that he thought out a very good idea.这个男孩很聪明，想出了一个非常好的办法。