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安徽省淮南市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析）
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这是一份安徽省淮南市2023届高三英语二模试题（Word版附解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
淮南市2023届高三第二次模拟考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of music will be played tonight?
A. Pop. B. Classical. C. Jazz.
2. What sport was the man doing?
A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Swimming.
3. How much does a business class ticket cost?
A. $10. B. $15. C. $25.
4. What does the man think of the woman’s earrings?
A. Pretty. B. Fashionable. C. Old.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Dogs. B. Houses. C. Views.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the boy’s clothes are broken?
A. A jacket. B. Shirts. C. Trousers.
7. What will the woman deal with the broken clothes?
A. Abandon them. B. Donate them. C. Repair them.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题 。
8. Why are the speakers changing their plans?
A. Because of the terrible weather B. Because of the high ticket price.
C. Because of their work schedule.
9. How does the man suggest they go to Italy?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ship.
10. When does the woman like to go on holiday on islands?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What has the woman been reading?
A. A novel. B. A dictionary. C. A cookbook.
12. Why doesn’t the man read books?
A. He has poor eyesight. B. He dislikes stories. C. He is too busy.
13. Where does the man usually listen to his books?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the car. C. In the plane.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a museum. C. At a hotel.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.
16. When will the speakers leave New York?
A. In seven hours. B. In two days. C. In three days.
17. What does the woman want to do most?
A. Drink some coffee. B. Go to a Broadway show.
C. Look around the place.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How tall is a kid required to be to try the “Waterfall” alone?
A. 48 inches. B. 45 inches. C. 42 inches.
19. Which area in Water World is the largest?
A. Lakeland. B. Rainforest River. C. Oceana.
20. What is the most popular attraction?
A. The sink. B. The wave pool. C. The basin.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Miss Rumphius
by Barbara Cooney
Miss Rumphius dreams of living by the sea, traveling the world and making it a more beautiful place—and she lives alone with her cat and sows lupine(羽扇豆) seeds along the coast of Maine despite the local kids who call her “That Crazy Old Lady.” She was based on a real person—Maine resident Hilda Hamlin, who was known as the “Lupine Lady” for her habit of sowing seeds.
The Napping House
by Audrey Wood and Don Wood
It’s a soft gray rainy day and everyone’s asleep in the Napping House—but unfortunately, they’re all trying to pile into the same bed, with predictably funny results. This is a book that’ll put any kid to sleep—and we mean that in the best possible way.
The Rabbit Listened
by Cori Doerrfeld
Ever have a friend who’s sad, and you just don’t know what to say or how to help them. The Rabbit Listened is the book for you—with simple text and illustrations so cute that you’ll want to hug yourself, it tells the story of Taylor, who’s sad that his tower of blocks fell down, and all the animals who really aren’t helping until the rabbit comes along.
A Chair for My Mother
by Vera B. Williams
Rosa’s mom works in a small restaurant—and so does Rosa, saving her pennies to buy her mom a comfortable chair because all their furniture was lost in a fire that turned their apartment into ruins. And bit by bit, with hard work and cooperation, Rosa and her mom find the perfect chair.
1. Whose book is written according to a real story?
A. Barbara Cooney. B. Audrey Wood and Don Wood.
C. Cori Doerrfeld. D. Vera B. Williams.
2. What is special about The Rabbit Listened?
A. It’s affordable for readers. B. It’s easy to understand.
C. It’s about real friendship. D. It has many pictures.
3. What does Rosa save money for?
A. New furniture. B. A chair. C. An apartment. D. A restaurant.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些作家作品的具体内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Miss Rumphius”中最后一句“She was based on a real person—Maine resident Hilda Hamlin, who was known as the “Lupine Lady” for her habit of sowing seeds.”（她的原型是一个真实的人——缅因州居民希尔达·哈姆林，她因播种的习惯而被称为“羽扇豆女士”。）可知，Barbara Cooney的作品Miss Rumphius是基于真实故事改编的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Rabbit Listened”中“The Rabbit Listened is the book for you—with simple text and illustrations so cute that you’ll want to hug yourself”（《兔子的倾听》是一本适合你的书——简单的文字和可爱的插图让你想拥抱自己。）可知，这本书的特点是通俗易懂。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A Chair for My Mother”中“Rosa’s mom works in a small restaurant—and so does Rosa, saving her pennies to buy her mom a comfortable chair”（罗莎的妈妈在一家小餐馆工作，罗莎也是，为了给妈妈买一把舒适的椅子，她省下了每一分钱。）可知，罗莎省钱是为了给妈妈买一把舒适的椅子。故选B项。
B
From the time I was a young girl, all I wanted was to play outside. I used the ferns (蕨类植物) in my childhood backyard to raise myself up muddy Pacific Northwest slopes (斜坡), sat by the edge of the property’s wooded stream and imagined it was a winding river.
Hours were spent on horseback prepared with bags and snacks to ride the same path over and over, always dreaming up a new experience. As an adult, my interests are consistent, though the landscape has shifted. For the last four years, I have had the opportunity to explore our Earth’s most remote cold water locations as an underwater videographer and ocean-focused naturalist, developing an appreciation and understanding for challenging corners of the globe. Though my travels have taken me from Antarctica to the Arctic, it’s the temperate in-between that captivates me. During the last four years, Southeast Alaska, particularly the Inian Islands in its incredible wildness and productivity, has stolen my attention. My name is Alyssa Adler, I am the Inian Islands Institute’s 2019 Scientist in Residence and National Geographic grant recipient for project Tall Trees in Cold Seas.
The natural beauty of the Inians is pure, but the environment works for it. Massive rushing tides (潮水) flood the Hobbit Hole twice daily, like an angry river. Sometimes I learn some meaningful and useful lessons the hard way. Transportation of extensive dive equipment required the help of people in Ketchikan, Gustavus and other places. These lessons only allow my respect for this region to the full, teaching me how to be successful. I need to learn and understand the power and network of Southeast Alaska, both in the water and out. It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.
4. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To share an amazing story. B. To introduce a unique plant.
C. To suggest a special river. D. To explain the author’s wish.
5. What does the underlined word “captivate” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Surprise. B. Discourage. C. Worry. D. Attract.
6. What do you think of Alyssa Adler’s job?
A. Boring. B. Demanding. C. Challenging. D. Well-paid.
7. What message does the text convey?
A. Love breaks down barriers. B. Hard work finally pays off.
C. Ups and downs make one strong. D. Enthusiasm fuels devotion.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己对于工作的热情，尽管工作充满挑战，仍旧充满激情。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据“From the time I was a young girl, all I wanted was to play outside. I used the ferns(蕨类植物) in my childhood backyard to raise myself up muddy Pacific Northwest slopes(斜坡), sat by the edge of the property’s wooded stream and imagined it was a winding river.(从我还是个小女孩的时候起，我就一直想在外面玩。我利用童年后院里的蕨类植物，爬上太平洋西北地区泥泞的山坡，坐在树林繁茂的小溪边，想象这是一条蜿蜒的河流)”可知，本段主要讲述了作者的愿望，其目的是解释作者的愿望。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据让步状语从句“Though my travels have taken me from Antarctica to the Arctic(虽然我的旅行已经把我从南极洲带到了北极)”可知，主从句是转折关系，因此推断划线句句意：吸引我的是中间的温和性。故划线词与D项“吸引”意思相近。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Sometimes I learn some meaningful and useful lessons the hard way. Transportation of extensive dive equipment required the help of people in Ketchikan, Gustavus and other places. These lessons only allow my respect for this region to the full, teaching me how to be successful. I need to learn and understand the power and network of Southeast Alaska, both in the water and out. It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.(有时通过艰难的方式，我学到一些有意义的和有用的教训。大量潜水设备的运输需要凯契坎、古斯塔夫斯和其他地方的人们的帮助。这些教训只会让我对这个地区的尊重达到极致，教会我如何取得成功。我需要学习和了解阿拉斯加东南部的力量和网络，无论是在水里还是在外面。这一切都是值得的：滚进咸咸的太平洋，在沉入海底时打开相机，用我的灯光照亮了伊尼安岛的早春)”可知，Alyssa Adler工作不容易，有时候很艰难。由此推知，Alyssa Adler的工作具有挑战性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Hours were spent on horseback, prepared with bags and snacks to ride the same path over and over, always dreaming up a new experience. As an adult, my interests are consistent, though the landscape has shifted. (人们在马背上花好几个小时，准备好包和零食，一遍又一遍地骑上同样的道路，总是梦想着一种新的体验。作为一个成年人，我的兴趣是一致的，尽管情况已经发生了变化)”可知，作者对旅行充满激情，结合第三段的“It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.( 这一切都是值得的：滚进咸咸的太平洋，在沉入海底时打开相机，用我的灯光照亮了伊尼安岛的早春)”可推断，作者对工作的激情激发了奉献精神。故选D。
C
Teen brains aged faster than normal from stress by at least three years, a study has found. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science, was the first to compare examinations of the physical structures of teenagers’ brains from before and after the stress started, and to document significant differences.
Researchers knew teens had higher levels of depression, anxiety and fearfulness than before the stress. But we knew nothing about the effects on their brains. The researchers found growth in brain areas that control access to some memories and help control fear, stress and other emotions.
Premature(过早的) aging of kids’ brains isn’t a positive development. Their stressful childhood experiences not only make people easier to suffer from depression, anxiety and other mental illnesses, they can raise the risk of cancer, heart disease and other long-term negative outcomes.
The scientists tried to make out how the stress itself may have impacted the physical structure of the children’s brains and their mental health. They matched pairs of children with the same age, gender and stress. “That allowed us to compare 16-year olds before the stress with different 16-year olds assessed after the stress,” said Ian Gotlib, a psychology professor at Stanford University.
To determine the brain age of their samples, the researchers fed their brain examinations into a machine-learning model for predicting brain age developed by the ENIGMA-Brain Age working group, a co-operation among scientists who share their brain image data sets. They also evaluated mental health outcomes reported by the matched pairs. They found more severe symptoms of anxiety, depression and internalizing(内在化的) problems in the group that had experienced the stress.
Dan Siegel, clinical professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine, noted that many individuals experience post-traumatic(创伤后的) growth after a stressful experience. “This is a useful initial study,” agreed David Fassler, clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Vermont. “I expect the results will inform the design of future research initiatives.”
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. Researchers had a good knowledge of aging. B. Stress greatly influenced teenagers’ brains.
C. Brain growth improved teenagers’ happiness. D. Bad memories resulted in negative emotions.
9. What enabled scientists to do research according to Ian Gotlib?
A. The application of advanced technology. B. The accurate analysis of the data provided.
C. The participation of volunteer teenagers. D. The previous experience of the researchers.
10. Why was the machine-learning model developed?
A. To satisfy the need of the market. B. To evaluate the brain age of samples.
C. To predict mental health outcomes. D. To solve internalizing problems.
11. What was David Fassler’s attitude to the study?
A. Favorable. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了发表在《生物精神病学：全球开放科学》杂志上的一项研究发现，由于压力，青少年的大脑比正常人衰老得快至少三年。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Teen brains aged faster than normal from stress by at least three years, a study has found.(一项研究发现，由于压力，青少年的大脑比正常人衰老得快至少三年。)”可知，压力对青少年的大脑影响很大。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They matched pairs of children with the same age, gender and stress. ‘That allowed us to compare 16-year olds before the stress with different 16-year olds assessed after the stress,’ said Ian Gotlib, a psychology professor at Stanford University.(他们将年龄、性别和压力相同的孩子配对。斯坦福大学心理学教授伊恩·戈特利布（Ian Gotlib）说:“这让我们可以将承受压力前的16岁孩子与承受压力后的不同16岁孩子进行比较。”)”可知，根据伊恩·戈特利布，青少年志愿者的参与使科学家能够进行研究。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“To determine the brain age of their samples, the researchers fed their brain examinations into a machine-learning model for predicting brain age developed by the ENIGMA-Brain Age working group, a co-operation among scientists who share their brain image data sets. (为了确定样本的大脑年龄，研究人员将他们的大脑检查结果输入到一个机器学习模型中，该模型用于预测大脑年龄，该模型是由ENIGMA-Brain age工作组开发的，这是一个科学家之间的合作，他们共享他们的大脑图像数据集。)”可知，开发机器学习模型是为了评估样本的脑龄。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This is a useful initial study,’ agreed David Fassler, clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Vermont. ‘I expect the results will inform the design of future research initiatives.’(“这是一项有用初步研究，”佛蒙特大学精神病学临床教授大卫·法斯勒（David Fassler）表示赞同。“我希望这些结果将为未来研究计划的设计提供信息。)”可知，大卫·法斯勒对这个研究是支持的。故选A。
D
This is a real and severe fact that we cannot avoid sickness. Someone in the house must look after a sick person. Mothers are often left to bear the burden of sick family members. Of course, they usually look after their sick children. Young children are easier to get infections and have lower immunity(免疫力), so they get sick more frequently.
When children are ill, they are more often than not suffering from a common cold or fever. The younger the child, the more critical it is for the mother or caregiver to notice the symptoms(症状). This is especially true for high fevers, which can harm the child’s brain. Mothers are also responsible for bringing sick children to the doctor and following up on any treatment. They must also persuade the children to take medicine at the appropriate times, as well as monitor their diet and rest.
A sick person is usually not in good spirits. As a result, caregivers must be patient. It is during these times that the sick person at home truly appreciates their caregivers’ love. Patients who received loving care recovered more quickly than those who did not.
A child or adult suffering from a serious disease such as cancer requires all available assistance. Visits to the doctor for follow-up treatments must be scheduled. Home emotional support is also essential. A family member with kidney(肾) failure places a burden on his family members. Everyone should help in this unfortunate situation. It is critical to monitor and remind elderly people and young children to take their medicine, as the elderly may be forgetful and the young may be immature or irresponsible.
Sometimes the care provided is psychological rather than physical. A careful look, sympathetic advice, or human touch are just as important as the medicine. Caring for sick people at home is not an easy task. People who care for them at home must take on these responsibilities. When the tasks of caring become too much for family members, they may have to employ nurses temporarily. However, the care of loved ones is always most appreciated.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Mothers’ responsibility. B. Types of symptoms.
C. Children’s daily diet. D. Medicine-taking time.
13. What is a consequence of caregivers’ loving care according to the text?
A. Gradual loss of patience. B. A definite pay increase.
C. A sense of achievement. D. Patients’ quick recovery.
14. What does the author suggest family members do?
A. Remind themselves to take care. B. Give increasing financial support.
C. Provide a wide variety of help. D. Become mature as soon as possible.
15. In which situation is it necessary to hire a nurse?
A. It's beyond family members’ ability. B. Caregivers are busy with their work.
C. Sick people are not in good spirits. D. Sympathetic advice doesn’t help.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了家人该如何更好地照顾病人。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段后两句“Mothers are also responsible for bringing sick children to the doctor and following up on any treatment. They must also persuade the children to take medicine at the appropriate times, as well as monitor their diet and rest.”（母亲也有责任带生病的孩子去看医生，并跟进任何治疗。他们还必须说服孩子在适当的时间服药，并监督他们的饮食和休息。）并结合上文描述母亲要关注孩子的生病症状可知，本段主要讨论了母亲照顾生病的孩子的责任。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Patients who received loving care recovered more quickly than those who did not.”（受到关爱的病人比没有受到关爱的病人恢复得更快。）可知，获得关心和照顾有助于病人更快恢复。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题题。根据四段“A child or adult suffering from a serious disease such as cancer requires all available assistance. Visits to the doctor for follow-up treatments must be scheduled. Home emotional support is also essential. A family member with kidney(肾) failure places a burden on his family members. Everyone should help in this unfortunate situation.”（患有癌症等严重疾病的儿童或成人需要一切可用的援助。必须安排去看医生进行后续治疗。家庭的情感支持也是必不可少的。患有肾衰竭的家庭成员会给他的家庭成员带来负担。在这种不幸的情况下，每个人都应该伸出援手。）可知，作者认为家庭成员应该尽一切可能提供各种形式的帮助。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第五句“When the tasks of caring become too much for family members, they may have to employ nurses temporarily.”（当照顾病人的任务对家庭成员来说太繁重时，他们可能不得不临时雇用护工。）可知，当照顾病人的任务超出家人能力范围时，他们可能会雇佣护工。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising children is limitlessly rewarding but no doubt challenging. Here are some tips for raising a happy, healthy and responsible child.
____16____ Studies find that kids who have televisions in their bedrooms are more likely to be overweight. When a TV is in a child’s bedroom, you have no control over what he’s watching, nor do you have any opportunities for family bonding time—when everyone lies onto the sofa to watch a favorite show.
Get them used to doing chores from a young age. We all know a parent who still makes their high school daughter’s lunch every day. ____17____ By the time your two-year-old begins talking, he’s old enough to start helping around the house.
____18____ If you really want to teach your teen about money, then stop handing over the credit card and the “allowance.” Instead, put your kid on a budget, open a checking account for him or her, and let your teen really learn to manage money. Tell your kid that all clothing, movies, entertainment, fast food, and cell phone bills come out of his or her checking account which you fund. ____19____ Just make sure you also set up a savings account for your teen and insist that at least one third of any savings or money from you be put away.
Imagine the future with your children. ____20____ By age ten, kids are old enough to start looking ahead and figure out the value of an education. Studies find that teens who can imagine themselves with a future are less likely to do those things that destroy a future.
A. Get the TV out of the bedroom.
B. Don’t find yourself in this situation!
C. Teach them how checking accounts work.
D. Start an activity that you can do with your teen.
E. If your son or daughter has a job, then cut back the amount.
F. You reduce the risk that your child will engage in such behavior.
G. It’s never too early to begin talking to your child about his or her future.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。养孩子是非常值得的，但是也充满了挑战，作者就如何养育孩子从四个方面给出了建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Studies find that kids who have televisions in their bedrooms are more likely to be overweight. (研究发现，卧室里有电视的孩子更容易超重)”可知，卧室里有电视不利于孩子健康，应该把电视从卧室拿走，与A项“Get the TV out of the bedroom. (把电视从卧室里拿出来)”上下文一致，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Get them used to doing chores from a young age. We all know a parent who still makes their high school daughter’s lunch every day. (让他们从小就习惯做家务。我们都知道一位父母仍然每天为高中女儿做午餐)”及后文“By the time your two-year-old begins talking, he’s old enough to start helping around the house. (当你两岁的孩子开始说话时，他已经足够大了，可以开始帮忙做家务了)”可推知，空格处应该讲述当孩子足够到了就应该自己做一些家务了，不能让自己一直承担家务，与B项“Don’t find yourself in this situation! (不要发现自己处于这种情况！)”上下文一致，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If you really want to teach your teen about money, then stop handing over the credit card and the “allowance.” Instead, put your kid on a budget, open a checking account for him or her, and let your teen really learn to manage money. (如果你真的想教你的孩子关于金钱的知识，那就停止交出信用卡和“零花钱”。相反，让你的孩子有一个预算，为他或她开一个支票账户，让你的孩子真正学会管理金钱)”可知，本段要讲述父母应该教孩子们管理自己的金钱，与C项“Teach them how checking accounts work. (教他们支票账户如何运作)”上下文一致，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Tell your kid that all clothing, movies, entertainment, fast food, and cell phone bills come out of his or her checking account which you fund. (告诉你的孩子，所有的服装、电影、娱乐、快餐和手机账单都来自他或她的支票账户)”及后文“Just make sure you also set up a savings account for your teen and insist that at least one third of any savings or money from you be put away. (只要确保你也为你的孩子建立了一个储蓄账户，并坚持至少三分之一的储蓄或钱被存放起来)”可知，在某些情况下孩子的三分之一花费被减少了，与E项“If your son or daughter has a job, then cut back the amount. (如果您的儿子或女儿有工作，请削减金额)”上下文一致，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Imagine the future with your children. (与您的孩子一起想象未来)”可知本段内容与孩子想象未来有关，结合空后“By age ten, kids are old enough to start looking ahead and figure out the value of an education. (到十岁时，孩子们已经足够大了，可以开始展望未来并弄清楚教育的价值)”可知，可以早一些和孩子一起讨论他们的未来，与G项“It’s never too early to begin talking to your child about his or her future. (开始与您的孩子谈论他或她的未来永远不会太早)”上下文一致，故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At Bookmark, we want every single child to read. Many children in the average class in the UK are not ____21____ to read well when they leave primary school. We need more reading ____22____ to help us change this. With Bookmark, you can truly make a ____23____ to the futures of primary school children. One Bookmark volunteer has ____24____ her story.
Claire began reading with Zach in 2019 at a local school. Her ____25____ as a Bookmark volunteer taught her more than she expected. During their sessions, Claire ____26____ Zach to see reading as fun. ____27____, he asked Claire why anyone would read in their spare time. Seeing this as an opportunity, she ____28____ to him that there are books out there on all his favorite hobbies.
As their sessions continued, Claire noticed a ____29____. When packing up in their final session, Zach _____30_____ a book. It was a more advanced ____31____ than those he’d been reading, but he _____32_____ said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home. At that moment, Claire started to ____33____ her impact as a Bookmark volunteer.
Enjoying reading is a powerful tool for a primary school child. Reading for ____34____ provides a route into learning and opens many opportunities. For young readers, this joy _____35_____ confidence both in the classroom and at home.
21. A. willing B. able C. patient D. interested
22. A. volunteers B. workers C. teachers D. assistants
23. A. commitment B. response C. difference D. journey
24. A. shared B. polished C. known D. believed
25. A. career B. ability C. identity D. experience
26. A. forced B. ordered C. allowed D. encouraged
27. A. All of a sudden B. Without hesitation C. At the beginning D. At the same time
28. A. complained B. explained C. whispered D. announced
29. A. thing B. situation C. challenge D. shift
30. A. bought B. borrowed C. spotted D. lost
31. A. edition B. level C. course D. education
32. A. excitedly B. immediately C. politely D. humbly
33. A. assess B. understand C. increase D. predict
34. A. pleasure B. promotion C. knowledge D. graduation
35. A. restores B. inspires C. boosts D. shakes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过分享Bookmark的志愿者教小学生读书的故事来说明Bookmark致力于使孩子们快乐阅读的宗旨，强调了快乐阅读的重要意义。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英国普通班级许多孩子在离开小学时都不能很好地阅读。A. willing甘愿的；B. able有能力的；C. patient耐心的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后文“when they leave primary school”可知，许多英国的孩子小学毕业时缺乏阅读能力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要更多的读书志愿者来帮助我们改变现状。A. volunteers志愿者；B. workers工人；C. teachers教师；D. assistants助手。根据后文“One Bookmark volunteer”可知，Bookmark需要更多志愿者。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了Bookmark，你可以真正改变小学生的未来。A. commitment承诺；B. response回应；C. difference不同；D. journey旅程。根据后文“the futures of primary school children”可知，有了Bookmark，可以对小学生的未来产生影响。make a difference表示“起作用，有影响”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位Bookmark的志愿者分享了她的故事。A. shared分享；B. polished磨光；C. known知道；D. believed相信。根据后文“her story”可知，该志愿者分享了她在Bookmark的经历。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为Bookmark志愿者的经历教会她的比她想象的更多。A. career职业；B. ability能力；C. identity身份；D. experience经历。根据前文“as a Bookmark volunteer”可知，她作为Bookmark志愿者的经历使她获益良多。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的阅读时间，Claire鼓励Zach把读书看做一件有趣的事情。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. allowed允许；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“to see reading as fun”可知，Claire鼓励Zach积极地看待阅读。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：刚开始，他会问Claire，为什么有人会在业余时间读书。A. All of a sudden突然；B. Without hesitation毫不犹豫；C. At the beginning起初，一开始；D. At the same time同时。根据后文“he ___12____said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home”可知，Zach从一开始不知道读书的含义到最后自己主动尝试读书。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这是一个机会，她向他解释说，有很多书都是关于他的兴趣爱好的。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. whispered小声说；D. announced宣布。根据后文“that there are books out there on all his favorite hobbies”可知，Claire抓住机会向Zach解释读书的好处，吸引他去读书。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他们读书课程的继续，Claire注意到了一个改变。A. thing事情；B. situation情况，情形；C. challenge挑战；D. shift转变。根据前文“he asked Claire why anyone would read in their spare time”及后文“he ___12____said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home”可知，Zach从一开始不知道读书的含义到最后自己主动尝试读书，这是一个巨大的变化。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当最后一节课打包整理书籍时，Zach发现了一本书。A. bought买；B. borrowed借入；C. spotted看见，发现；D. lost丢失。根据前文“When packing up in their final session”可知，在收拾整理书籍时，Zach发现了一本书。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一本比他之前读过的书更高水平的书，但他激动地说他很高兴也很有信心在家里试一试。A. edition版本；B. level水平；C. course课程；D. education教育。根据后文“than those he’d been reading, but ”可知，这本书的难度要比他之前读的书高。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一本比他之前读过书更高水平的书，但他激动地说他很高兴也很有信心在家里试一试。A. excitedly激动地；B. immediately立即；C. politely有礼貌地；D. humbly谦虚地。根据后文“he was happy and confident to give it a go”可知，得知阅读这本书有挑战性，他很乐意尝试。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，Claire开始明白她作为Bookmark志愿者的影响。A. assess评价；B. understand理解；C. increase提高；D. predict预测。根据后文“her impact as a Bookmark volunteer”并结合上文Zach读书前后的变化可知，Claire开始理解了Bookmark志愿者对孩子们的影响。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为乐趣而阅读提供了一条通往学习的途径，并提供了许多机会。A. pleasure乐趣；B. promotion升职；C. knowledge知识；D. graduation毕业。根据前文“Enjoying reading is a powerful tool”及后文“this joy”可知，为乐趣而阅读是帮助孩子们的强大工具。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于年轻的读者来说，这种快乐可以增强他们在课堂和家庭中的信心。A. restores恢复；B. inspires鼓励；C. boosts促进，加强；D. shakes摇动。根据后文“confidence both in the classroom and at home”可知，这种快乐可以增强他们在课堂和家庭中的信心。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China added a laboratory to its permanent orbiting space station on July 25, 2022 as it moved toward completing the structure in coming ____36____(month).
The Wentian lab module was launched from the Wenchang space base on the tropical island province of Hainan with ____37____ large crowd of amateur photographers and space lovers watching. After 13 hours of flight, it ____38____(successful) docked(对接) with the Tiangong station’s main Tianhe living module at 3:13 a. m., ____39____ had been launced before the Wentian lab module.
The Wentian was designed ____40____ science and biology experiments, and its feature is that the 23-ton lab module was ____41____(heavy) than any other single-module spacecraft currently in space. It was followed by a second lab module, the Mengtian, sent on October 31, 2022. Three astronauts ____42____(be) then living in the core module(核心舱) on a six-month mission and oversaw the Wentian’s ____43____(arrive) and docking.
A Long March 5B-Y3 rocket, China’s most ____44____(power), carried the module in the third such launch since the Chinese space station entered its construction stage. It took place after the Tianzhou-class cargo(货物) spacecraft and the Shenzhou-14 crewed spacecraft.
China’s space program launched its first astronaut into orbit in 2003, _____45_____(make) it only the third country to do so on its own.
【答案】36. months
37. a 38. successfully
39. which 40. for
41. heavier
42. were 43. arrival
44. powerful
45. making
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“问天”实验舱的具体情况及成功发射。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：2022年7月25日，中国为其永久轨道空间站增加了一个实验室，并将在未来几个月内完成该构造。根据“ in coming”可知，空处需填名词复数。month为可数名词，故填months。
37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一大群业余摄影师和航天爱好者的观看下，“问天”实验舱从热带岛屿海南省文昌航天基地发射升空。a crowd of表示“一大群，许多的”，符合句意。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过13个小时的飞行，它在凌晨3点13分与天宫站的主要天河生活舱对接成功，该生活舱在“问天”实验舱之前已经发射。根据“docked”可知，空处需填副词做状语，修饰动词。故填successfully。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经过13个小时的飞行，它在凌晨3点13分与天宫站的主要天河生活舱对接成功，该生活舱在“问天”实验舱之前已经发射。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“Tianhe living module”，故用which引导定语从句。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意“问天”实验舱设计用于科学和生物实验”。bee designed for表示“为……所设计，设计用于……”，用介词for引出宾语。故填for。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这个23吨重的实验舱比目前在太空中的任何其他单模块航天器都要重，这是它的特点。根据“than any other single-module spacecraft”可知，空处需填形容词比较级。故填heavier。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：当时，三名宇航员住在核心舱内，执行为期六个月的任务，并监督“问天”号的抵达和对接。根据“and oversaw”可知，and连接的并列句，前句缺谓语动词，时态是一般过去时，主语是“Three astronauts”，故谓语动词用复数。故填were。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：三名宇航员住在核心舱内，执行为期六个月的任务，并监督“问天”号的抵达和对接。根据“the Wentian’s”可知，空处需填名词，arrive是动词，表示“到来”，名词是arrival。故填arrival
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：自中国空间站进入建设阶段以来，长征5B-Y3火箭进行了第三次这样的发射，这是中国最大功率的火箭。根据“China’s most”可知，空处需填形容词。power作名词，表示“力量”，形容词powerful表示“强大的，大功率的”符合句意。故填powerful。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，中国的太空计划将首位宇航员送入轨道，使中国成为第三个独立完成这一任务的国家。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“launched”，故空处需填非谓语动词，中国的太空计划将首位宇航员送入轨道这件事和“make”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校交换生Felix刚看完“美丽中国”摄影展，应邀给校英文网站写一篇观后感，内容包括：
1. 画展特色；
2. 观看感受；
3. 意见建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Charming China” Photographic Exhibition is perfectly fantastic.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“Charming China” Photographic Exhibition is perfectly fantastic. It displays a wide variety of photos that reflect Chinese abundant and unique cultures, attractive scenery and a long history as well as great achievements in every aspect and so on. I am especially interested in tea culture, Peking opera, Chinese calligraphy and traditional handicraft. Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture and have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people. It serves as a bridge between China and other countries to enhance each other’s understanding. I hope that there will be more opportunities in the future for exchange students like me to learn more about China.
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求就“美丽中国”摄影展写篇观后感描述画展特色及自己的感悟。
【详解】1.词汇积累
大量的：a variety of→a range of
丰富的：abundant →fruitful
迷人的：attractive→fascinating
加强：enhance→ strengthen
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture and have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people.
拓展句：Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture which makes me have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It displays a wide variety of photos that reflect Chinese abundant and unique cultures, attractive scenery and a long history as well as great achievements in every aspect and so on.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I hope that there will be more opportunities in the future for exchange students like me to learn more about China.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was in about 40 feet of water all by myself. I knew I should not have gone alone, but I was rather competent and just took a chance. There was not much current, and the water was so warm, clear and attractive. When I got a cramp (抽筋), I realized at once how foolish I was. I was not too alarmed, but was completely doubled up with stomach cramps. I tried to remove my weight belt, but I was so doubled up I could not get to the catch. I was sinking and began to feel more frightened, unable to move. I could see my watch and knew there was only a little more time on the tank before I would be out of air. I tried to massage (按摩) my stomach. I wasn’t wearing a wet suit, but couldn’t straighten out and couldn’t get to the cramped muscles with my hands. I thought, “I can’t go like this! I have things to do!” I just couldn’t die this way with no one to even know what happened to me. I called out in my mind, “Somebody, something, help me!”
I was not prepared for what happened. Suddenly I felt a push from behind me under the arm. I thought, “Oh no, sharks!” I felt real fear and desperate. But my arm was being lifted forcefully. Around into my field of vision came an eye — the most extraordinary eye I could ever imagine. It was smiling. It was the eye of a big dolphin. Looking into that eye, I knew I was safe. I was flooded with relief. I felt that the animal was comforting me as well as lifting me toward the surface. My stomach cramps went away and I relaxed with security.
At the surface it drew me all the way into shore. It took me into water so shallow that I began to be concerned that it might be beached, and I pushed it back a little deeper, where it waited, watching me, I guess to see if I was all right.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I took off the weight belt and oxygen tank, I went back into the ocean to the dolphin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After a while it brought me back to shore.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 When I took off the weight belt and oxygen tank, I went back into the ocean to the dolphin. I felt so light and free and alive, and just wanted to play in the sun and the water happily and freely. The
dolphin took me back out and played around in the water with me. I noticed that there were a lot of dolphins there, farther out. However, I did not feel scared at all. I relaxed, hugging it. How I wished to stay with him forever.
After a while it brought me back to shore. I was very tired at that time, almost collapsing and he made sure that I was safe in the shallowest water. Then he turned sideways with one eye looking into mine. We stayed that way for what seemed like a very long time, timeless I guess, staring into space, with personal thoughts from the past going through my mind. Afterwards, he made just one loud sound and went out to join the others. And all of them left.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自去海里潜水，但突如其来的胃部痉挛使他陷于危险中，最终他被海豚救起的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我脱下负重带和氧气罐时，我又和海豚回到了海里。”可知，第一段可描写作者在海里与海豚嬉戏的场景及作者的心情。
②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，它把我带回了岸边。”可知，第二段可描写作者与海豚的分别及作者的感受。
2.续写线索：海中潜水——胃部痉挛——被海豚救起——海中嬉戏——送回岸上——海豚离开
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope/desire/long to do
②呆在一起：stay with sb/keep one’s company
③离开：leave/go away/depart
情绪类
①开心地：happily/merrily/joyfully
②害怕的：scared/frightened/be afraid of
【点睛】【高分句型1】I noticed that there were a lot of dolphins there, farther out.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We stayed that way for what seemed like a very long time, timeless I guess, staring into space, with personal thoughts from the past going through my mind.（运用了what引导的宾语从句及with复合结构）
听力:1—5 B B C C A 6—10 C C A B A 11—15 A C B B A 16—20 B C A C B
淮南市2023届高三第二次模拟考试
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What kind of music will be played tonight?
A. Pop. B. Classical. C. Jazz.
2. What sport was the man doing?
A. Basketball. B. Football. C. Swimming.
3. How much does a business class ticket cost?
A. $10. B. $15. C. $25.
4. What does the man think of the woman’s earrings?
A. Pretty. B. Fashionable. C. Old.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Dogs. B. Houses. C. Views.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选 项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which of the boy’s clothes are broken?
A. A jacket. B. Shirts. C. Trousers.
7. What will the woman deal with the broken clothes?
A. Abandon them. B. Donate them. C. Repair them.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题 。
8. Why are the speakers changing their plans?
A. Because of the terrible weather B. Because of the high ticket price.
C. Because of their work schedule.
9. How does the man suggest they go to Italy?
A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ship.
10. When does the woman like to go on holiday on islands?
A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What has the woman been reading?
A. A novel. B. A dictionary. C. A cookbook.
12. Why doesn’t the man read books?
A. He has poor eyesight. B. He dislikes stories. C. He is too busy.
13. Where does the man usually listen to his books?
A. In the kitchen. B. In the car. C. In the plane.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a restaurant. B. At a museum. C. At a hotel.
15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student.
16. When will the speakers leave New York?
A. In seven hours. B. In two days. C. In three days.
17. What does the woman want to do most?
A. Drink some coffee. B. Go to a Broadway show.
C. Look around the place.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. How tall is a kid required to be to try the “Waterfall” alone?
A. 48 inches. B. 45 inches. C. 42 inches.
19. Which area in Water World is the largest?
A. Lakeland. B. Rainforest River. C. Oceana.
20. What is the most popular attraction?
A. The sink. B. The wave pool. C. The basin.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Miss Rumphius
by Barbara Cooney
Miss Rumphius dreams of living by the sea, traveling the world and making it a more beautiful place—and she lives alone with her cat and sows lupine(羽扇豆) seeds along the coast of Maine despite the local kids who call her “That Crazy Old Lady.” She was based on a real person—Maine resident Hilda Hamlin, who was known as the “Lupine Lady” for her habit of sowing seeds.
The Napping House
by Audrey Wood and Don Wood
It’s a soft gray rainy day and everyone’s asleep in the Napping House—but unfortunately, they’re all trying to pile into the same bed, with predictably funny results. This is a book that’ll put any kid to sleep—and we mean that in the best possible way.
The Rabbit Listened
by Cori Doerrfeld
Ever have a friend who’s sad, and you just don’t know what to say or how to help them. The Rabbit Listened is the book for you—with simple text and illustrations so cute that you’ll want to hug yourself, it tells the story of Taylor, who’s sad that his tower of blocks fell down, and all the animals who really aren’t helping until the rabbit comes along.
A Chair for My Mother
by Vera B. Williams
Rosa’s mom works in a small restaurant—and so does Rosa, saving her pennies to buy her mom a comfortable chair because all their furniture was lost in a fire that turned their apartment into ruins. And bit by bit, with hard work and cooperation, Rosa and her mom find the perfect chair.
1. Whose book is written according to a real story?
A. Barbara Cooney. B. Audrey Wood and Don Wood.
C. Cori Doerrfeld. D. Vera B. Williams.
2. What is special about The Rabbit Listened?
A. It’s affordable for readers. B. It’s easy to understand.
C. It’s about real friendship. D. It has many pictures.
3. What does Rosa save money for?
A. New furniture. B. A chair. C. An apartment. D. A restaurant.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些作家作品的具体内容。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Miss Rumphius”中最后一句“She was based on a real person—Maine resident Hilda Hamlin, who was known as the “Lupine Lady” for her habit of sowing seeds.”（她的原型是一个真实的人——缅因州居民希尔达·哈姆林，她因播种的习惯而被称为“羽扇豆女士”。）可知，Barbara Cooney的作品Miss Rumphius是基于真实故事改编的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The Rabbit Listened”中“The Rabbit Listened is the book for you—with simple text and illustrations so cute that you’ll want to hug yourself”（《兔子的倾听》是一本适合你的书——简单的文字和可爱的插图让你想拥抱自己。）可知，这本书的特点是通俗易懂。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“A Chair for My Mother”中“Rosa’s mom works in a small restaurant—and so does Rosa, saving her pennies to buy her mom a comfortable chair”（罗莎的妈妈在一家小餐馆工作，罗莎也是，为了给妈妈买一把舒适的椅子，她省下了每一分钱。）可知，罗莎省钱是为了给妈妈买一把舒适的椅子。故选B项。
B
From the time I was a young girl, all I wanted was to play outside. I used the ferns (蕨类植物) in my childhood backyard to raise myself up muddy Pacific Northwest slopes (斜坡), sat by the edge of the property’s wooded stream and imagined it was a winding river.
Hours were spent on horseback prepared with bags and snacks to ride the same path over and over, always dreaming up a new experience. As an adult, my interests are consistent, though the landscape has shifted. For the last four years, I have had the opportunity to explore our Earth’s most remote cold water locations as an underwater videographer and ocean-focused naturalist, developing an appreciation and understanding for challenging corners of the globe. Though my travels have taken me from Antarctica to the Arctic, it’s the temperate in-between that captivates me. During the last four years, Southeast Alaska, particularly the Inian Islands in its incredible wildness and productivity, has stolen my attention. My name is Alyssa Adler, I am the Inian Islands Institute’s 2019 Scientist in Residence and National Geographic grant recipient for project Tall Trees in Cold Seas.
The natural beauty of the Inians is pure, but the environment works for it. Massive rushing tides (潮水) flood the Hobbit Hole twice daily, like an angry river. Sometimes I learn some meaningful and useful lessons the hard way. Transportation of extensive dive equipment required the help of people in Ketchikan, Gustavus and other places. These lessons only allow my respect for this region to the full, teaching me how to be successful. I need to learn and understand the power and network of Southeast Alaska, both in the water and out. It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.
4. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To share an amazing story. B. To introduce a unique plant.
C. To suggest a special river. D. To explain the author’s wish.
5. What does the underlined word “captivate” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Surprise. B. Discourage. C. Worry. D. Attract.
6. What do you think of Alyssa Adler’s job?
A. Boring. B. Demanding. C. Challenging. D. Well-paid.
7. What message does the text convey?
A. Love breaks down barriers. B. Hard work finally pays off.
C. Ups and downs make one strong. D. Enthusiasm fuels devotion.
【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者讲述了自己对于工作的热情，尽管工作充满挑战，仍旧充满激情。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据“From the time I was a young girl, all I wanted was to play outside. I used the ferns(蕨类植物) in my childhood backyard to raise myself up muddy Pacific Northwest slopes(斜坡), sat by the edge of the property’s wooded stream and imagined it was a winding river.(从我还是个小女孩的时候起，我就一直想在外面玩。我利用童年后院里的蕨类植物，爬上太平洋西北地区泥泞的山坡，坐在树林繁茂的小溪边，想象这是一条蜿蜒的河流)”可知，本段主要讲述了作者的愿望，其目的是解释作者的愿望。故选D。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据让步状语从句“Though my travels have taken me from Antarctica to the Arctic(虽然我的旅行已经把我从南极洲带到了北极)”可知，主从句是转折关系，因此推断划线句句意：吸引我的是中间的温和性。故划线词与D项“吸引”意思相近。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Sometimes I learn some meaningful and useful lessons the hard way. Transportation of extensive dive equipment required the help of people in Ketchikan, Gustavus and other places. These lessons only allow my respect for this region to the full, teaching me how to be successful. I need to learn and understand the power and network of Southeast Alaska, both in the water and out. It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.(有时通过艰难的方式，我学到一些有意义的和有用的教训。大量潜水设备的运输需要凯契坎、古斯塔夫斯和其他地方的人们的帮助。这些教训只会让我对这个地区的尊重达到极致，教会我如何取得成功。我需要学习和了解阿拉斯加东南部的力量和网络，无论是在水里还是在外面。这一切都是值得的：滚进咸咸的太平洋，在沉入海底时打开相机，用我的灯光照亮了伊尼安岛的早春)”可知，Alyssa Adler工作不容易，有时候很艰难。由此推知，Alyssa Adler的工作具有挑战性。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Hours were spent on horseback, prepared with bags and snacks to ride the same path over and over, always dreaming up a new experience. As an adult, my interests are consistent, though the landscape has shifted. (人们在马背上花好几个小时，准备好包和零食，一遍又一遍地骑上同样的道路，总是梦想着一种新的体验。作为一个成年人，我的兴趣是一致的，尽管情况已经发生了变化)”可知，作者对旅行充满激情，结合第三段的“It’s all worth it to roll into the salty Pacific Ocean, turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor, and shine my lights on early spring in the Inian Islands.( 这一切都是值得的：滚进咸咸的太平洋，在沉入海底时打开相机，用我的灯光照亮了伊尼安岛的早春)”可推断，作者对工作的激情激发了奉献精神。故选D。
C
Teen brains aged faster than normal from stress by at least three years, a study has found. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science, was the first to compare examinations of the physical structures of teenagers’ brains from before and after the stress started, and to document significant differences.
Researchers knew teens had higher levels of depression, anxiety and fearfulness than before the stress. But we knew nothing about the effects on their brains. The researchers found growth in brain areas that control access to some memories and help control fear, stress and other emotions.
Premature(过早的) aging of kids’ brains isn’t a positive development. Their stressful childhood experiences not only make people easier to suffer from depression, anxiety and other mental illnesses, they can raise the risk of cancer, heart disease and other long-term negative outcomes.
The scientists tried to make out how the stress itself may have impacted the physical structure of the children’s brains and their mental health. They matched pairs of children with the same age, gender and stress. “That allowed us to compare 16-year olds before the stress with different 16-year olds assessed after the stress,” said Ian Gotlib, a psychology professor at Stanford University.
To determine the brain age of their samples, the researchers fed their brain examinations into a machine-learning model for predicting brain age developed by the ENIGMA-Brain Age working group, a co-operation among scientists who share their brain image data sets. They also evaluated mental health outcomes reported by the matched pairs. They found more severe symptoms of anxiety, depression and internalizing(内在化的) problems in the group that had experienced the stress.
Dan Siegel, clinical professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine, noted that many individuals experience post-traumatic(创伤后的) growth after a stressful experience. “This is a useful initial study,” agreed David Fassler, clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Vermont. “I expect the results will inform the design of future research initiatives.”
8. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A. Researchers had a good knowledge of aging. B. Stress greatly influenced teenagers’ brains.
C. Brain growth improved teenagers’ happiness. D. Bad memories resulted in negative emotions.
9. What enabled scientists to do research according to Ian Gotlib?
A. The application of advanced technology. B. The accurate analysis of the data provided.
C. The participation of volunteer teenagers. D. The previous experience of the researchers.
10. Why was the machine-learning model developed?
A. To satisfy the need of the market. B. To evaluate the brain age of samples.
C. To predict mental health outcomes. D. To solve internalizing problems.
11. What was David Fassler’s attitude to the study?
A. Favorable. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了发表在《生物精神病学：全球开放科学》杂志上的一项研究发现，由于压力，青少年的大脑比正常人衰老得快至少三年。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Teen brains aged faster than normal from stress by at least three years, a study has found.(一项研究发现，由于压力，青少年的大脑比正常人衰老得快至少三年。)”可知，压力对青少年的大脑影响很大。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“They matched pairs of children with the same age, gender and stress. ‘That allowed us to compare 16-year olds before the stress with different 16-year olds assessed after the stress,’ said Ian Gotlib, a psychology professor at Stanford University.(他们将年龄、性别和压力相同的孩子配对。斯坦福大学心理学教授伊恩·戈特利布（Ian Gotlib）说:“这让我们可以将承受压力前的16岁孩子与承受压力后的不同16岁孩子进行比较。”)”可知，根据伊恩·戈特利布，青少年志愿者的参与使科学家能够进行研究。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“To determine the brain age of their samples, the researchers fed their brain examinations into a machine-learning model for predicting brain age developed by the ENIGMA-Brain Age working group, a co-operation among scientists who share their brain image data sets. (为了确定样本的大脑年龄，研究人员将他们的大脑检查结果输入到一个机器学习模型中，该模型用于预测大脑年龄，该模型是由ENIGMA-Brain age工作组开发的，这是一个科学家之间的合作，他们共享他们的大脑图像数据集。)”可知，开发机器学习模型是为了评估样本的脑龄。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘This is a useful initial study,’ agreed David Fassler, clinical professor of psychiatry at the University of Vermont. ‘I expect the results will inform the design of future research initiatives.’(“这是一项有用初步研究，”佛蒙特大学精神病学临床教授大卫·法斯勒（David Fassler）表示赞同。“我希望这些结果将为未来研究计划的设计提供信息。)”可知，大卫·法斯勒对这个研究是支持的。故选A。
D
This is a real and severe fact that we cannot avoid sickness. Someone in the house must look after a sick person. Mothers are often left to bear the burden of sick family members. Of course, they usually look after their sick children. Young children are easier to get infections and have lower immunity(免疫力), so they get sick more frequently.
When children are ill, they are more often than not suffering from a common cold or fever. The younger the child, the more critical it is for the mother or caregiver to notice the symptoms(症状). This is especially true for high fevers, which can harm the child’s brain. Mothers are also responsible for bringing sick children to the doctor and following up on any treatment. They must also persuade the children to take medicine at the appropriate times, as well as monitor their diet and rest.
A sick person is usually not in good spirits. As a result, caregivers must be patient. It is during these times that the sick person at home truly appreciates their caregivers’ love. Patients who received loving care recovered more quickly than those who did not.
A child or adult suffering from a serious disease such as cancer requires all available assistance. Visits to the doctor for follow-up treatments must be scheduled. Home emotional support is also essential. A family member with kidney(肾) failure places a burden on his family members. Everyone should help in this unfortunate situation. It is critical to monitor and remind elderly people and young children to take their medicine, as the elderly may be forgetful and the young may be immature or irresponsible.
Sometimes the care provided is psychological rather than physical. A careful look, sympathetic advice, or human touch are just as important as the medicine. Caring for sick people at home is not an easy task. People who care for them at home must take on these responsibilities. When the tasks of caring become too much for family members, they may have to employ nurses temporarily. However, the care of loved ones is always most appreciated.
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Mothers’ responsibility. B. Types of symptoms.
C. Children’s daily diet. D. Medicine-taking time.
13. What is a consequence of caregivers’ loving care according to the text?
A. Gradual loss of patience. B. A definite pay increase.
C. A sense of achievement. D. Patients’ quick recovery.
14. What does the author suggest family members do?
A. Remind themselves to take care. B. Give increasing financial support.
C. Provide a wide variety of help. D. Become mature as soon as possible.
15. In which situation is it necessary to hire a nurse?
A. It's beyond family members’ ability. B. Caregivers are busy with their work.
C. Sick people are not in good spirits. D. Sympathetic advice doesn’t help.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了家人该如何更好地照顾病人。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段后两句“Mothers are also responsible for bringing sick children to the doctor and following up on any treatment. They must also persuade the children to take medicine at the appropriate times, as well as monitor their diet and rest.”（母亲也有责任带生病的孩子去看医生，并跟进任何治疗。他们还必须说服孩子在适当的时间服药，并监督他们的饮食和休息。）并结合上文描述母亲要关注孩子的生病症状可知，本段主要讨论了母亲照顾生病的孩子的责任。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Patients who received loving care recovered more quickly than those who did not.”（受到关爱的病人比没有受到关爱的病人恢复得更快。）可知，获得关心和照顾有助于病人更快恢复。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题题。根据四段“A child or adult suffering from a serious disease such as cancer requires all available assistance. Visits to the doctor for follow-up treatments must be scheduled. Home emotional support is also essential. A family member with kidney(肾) failure places a burden on his family members. Everyone should help in this unfortunate situation.”（患有癌症等严重疾病的儿童或成人需要一切可用的援助。必须安排去看医生进行后续治疗。家庭的情感支持也是必不可少的。患有肾衰竭的家庭成员会给他的家庭成员带来负担。在这种不幸的情况下，每个人都应该伸出援手。）可知，作者认为家庭成员应该尽一切可能提供各种形式的帮助。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段第五句“When the tasks of caring become too much for family members, they may have to employ nurses temporarily.”（当照顾病人的任务对家庭成员来说太繁重时，他们可能不得不临时雇用护工。）可知，当照顾病人的任务超出家人能力范围时，他们可能会雇佣护工。故选A项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Raising children is limitlessly rewarding but no doubt challenging. Here are some tips for raising a happy, healthy and responsible child.
____16____ Studies find that kids who have televisions in their bedrooms are more likely to be overweight. When a TV is in a child’s bedroom, you have no control over what he’s watching, nor do you have any opportunities for family bonding time—when everyone lies onto the sofa to watch a favorite show.
Get them used to doing chores from a young age. We all know a parent who still makes their high school daughter’s lunch every day. ____17____ By the time your two-year-old begins talking, he’s old enough to start helping around the house.
____18____ If you really want to teach your teen about money, then stop handing over the credit card and the “allowance.” Instead, put your kid on a budget, open a checking account for him or her, and let your teen really learn to manage money. Tell your kid that all clothing, movies, entertainment, fast food, and cell phone bills come out of his or her checking account which you fund. ____19____ Just make sure you also set up a savings account for your teen and insist that at least one third of any savings or money from you be put away.
Imagine the future with your children. ____20____ By age ten, kids are old enough to start looking ahead and figure out the value of an education. Studies find that teens who can imagine themselves with a future are less likely to do those things that destroy a future.
A. Get the TV out of the bedroom.
B. Don’t find yourself in this situation!
C. Teach them how checking accounts work.
D. Start an activity that you can do with your teen.
E. If your son or daughter has a job, then cut back the amount.
F. You reduce the risk that your child will engage in such behavior.
G. It’s never too early to begin talking to your child about his or her future.
【答案】16. A 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。养孩子是非常值得的，但是也充满了挑战，作者就如何养育孩子从四个方面给出了建议。
【16题详解】
根据下文“Studies find that kids who have televisions in their bedrooms are more likely to be overweight. (研究发现，卧室里有电视的孩子更容易超重)”可知，卧室里有电视不利于孩子健康，应该把电视从卧室拿走，与A项“Get the TV out of the bedroom. (把电视从卧室里拿出来)”上下文一致，故选A项。
【17题详解】
根据前文“Get them used to doing chores from a young age. We all know a parent who still makes their high school daughter’s lunch every day. (让他们从小就习惯做家务。我们都知道一位父母仍然每天为高中女儿做午餐)”及后文“By the time your two-year-old begins talking, he’s old enough to start helping around the house. (当你两岁的孩子开始说话时，他已经足够大了，可以开始帮忙做家务了)”可推知，空格处应该讲述当孩子足够到了就应该自己做一些家务了，不能让自己一直承担家务，与B项“Don’t find yourself in this situation! (不要发现自己处于这种情况！)”上下文一致，故选B项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“If you really want to teach your teen about money, then stop handing over the credit card and the “allowance.” Instead, put your kid on a budget, open a checking account for him or her, and let your teen really learn to manage money. (如果你真的想教你的孩子关于金钱的知识，那就停止交出信用卡和“零花钱”。相反，让你的孩子有一个预算，为他或她开一个支票账户，让你的孩子真正学会管理金钱)”可知，本段要讲述父母应该教孩子们管理自己的金钱，与C项“Teach them how checking accounts work. (教他们支票账户如何运作)”上下文一致，故选C项。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Tell your kid that all clothing, movies, entertainment, fast food, and cell phone bills come out of his or her checking account which you fund. (告诉你的孩子，所有的服装、电影、娱乐、快餐和手机账单都来自他或她的支票账户)”及后文“Just make sure you also set up a savings account for your teen and insist that at least one third of any savings or money from you be put away. (只要确保你也为你的孩子建立了一个储蓄账户，并坚持至少三分之一的储蓄或钱被存放起来)”可知，在某些情况下孩子的三分之一花费被减少了，与E项“If your son or daughter has a job, then cut back the amount. (如果您的儿子或女儿有工作，请削减金额)”上下文一致，故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Imagine the future with your children. (与您的孩子一起想象未来)”可知本段内容与孩子想象未来有关，结合空后“By age ten, kids are old enough to start looking ahead and figure out the value of an education. (到十岁时，孩子们已经足够大了，可以开始展望未来并弄清楚教育的价值)”可知，可以早一些和孩子一起讨论他们的未来，与G项“It’s never too early to begin talking to your child about his or her future. (开始与您的孩子谈论他或她的未来永远不会太早)”上下文一致，故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At Bookmark, we want every single child to read. Many children in the average class in the UK are not ____21____ to read well when they leave primary school. We need more reading ____22____ to help us change this. With Bookmark, you can truly make a ____23____ to the futures of primary school children. One Bookmark volunteer has ____24____ her story.
Claire began reading with Zach in 2019 at a local school. Her ____25____ as a Bookmark volunteer taught her more than she expected. During their sessions, Claire ____26____ Zach to see reading as fun. ____27____, he asked Claire why anyone would read in their spare time. Seeing this as an opportunity, she ____28____ to him that there are books out there on all his favorite hobbies.
As their sessions continued, Claire noticed a ____29____. When packing up in their final session, Zach _____30_____ a book. It was a more advanced ____31____ than those he’d been reading, but he _____32_____ said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home. At that moment, Claire started to ____33____ her impact as a Bookmark volunteer.
Enjoying reading is a powerful tool for a primary school child. Reading for ____34____ provides a route into learning and opens many opportunities. For young readers, this joy _____35_____ confidence both in the classroom and at home.
21. A. willing B. able C. patient D. interested
22. A. volunteers B. workers C. teachers D. assistants
23. A. commitment B. response C. difference D. journey
24. A. shared B. polished C. known D. believed
25. A. career B. ability C. identity D. experience
26. A. forced B. ordered C. allowed D. encouraged
27. A. All of a sudden B. Without hesitation C. At the beginning D. At the same time
28. A. complained B. explained C. whispered D. announced
29. A. thing B. situation C. challenge D. shift
30. A. bought B. borrowed C. spotted D. lost
31. A. edition B. level C. course D. education
32. A. excitedly B. immediately C. politely D. humbly
33. A. assess B. understand C. increase D. predict
34. A. pleasure B. promotion C. knowledge D. graduation
35. A. restores B. inspires C. boosts D. shakes
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过分享Bookmark的志愿者教小学生读书的故事来说明Bookmark致力于使孩子们快乐阅读的宗旨，强调了快乐阅读的重要意义。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：英国普通班级许多孩子在离开小学时都不能很好地阅读。A. willing甘愿的；B. able有能力的；C. patient耐心的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据后文“when they leave primary school”可知，许多英国的孩子小学毕业时缺乏阅读能力。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要更多的读书志愿者来帮助我们改变现状。A. volunteers志愿者；B. workers工人；C. teachers教师；D. assistants助手。根据后文“One Bookmark volunteer”可知，Bookmark需要更多志愿者。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了Bookmark，你可以真正改变小学生的未来。A. commitment承诺；B. response回应；C. difference不同；D. journey旅程。根据后文“the futures of primary school children”可知，有了Bookmark，可以对小学生的未来产生影响。make a difference表示“起作用，有影响”。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位Bookmark的志愿者分享了她的故事。A. shared分享；B. polished磨光；C. known知道；D. believed相信。根据后文“her story”可知，该志愿者分享了她在Bookmark的经历。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为Bookmark志愿者的经历教会她的比她想象的更多。A. career职业；B. ability能力；C. identity身份；D. experience经历。根据前文“as a Bookmark volunteer”可知，她作为Bookmark志愿者的经历使她获益良多。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的阅读时间，Claire鼓励Zach把读书看做一件有趣的事情。A. forced强迫；B. ordered命令；C. allowed允许；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“to see reading as fun”可知，Claire鼓励Zach积极地看待阅读。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：刚开始，他会问Claire，为什么有人会在业余时间读书。A. All of a sudden突然；B. Without hesitation毫不犹豫；C. At the beginning起初，一开始；D. At the same time同时。根据后文“he ___12____said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home”可知，Zach从一开始不知道读书的含义到最后自己主动尝试读书。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这是一个机会，她向他解释说，有很多书都是关于他的兴趣爱好的。A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. whispered小声说；D. announced宣布。根据后文“that there are books out there on all his favorite hobbies”可知，Claire抓住机会向Zach解释读书的好处，吸引他去读书。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着他们读书课程的继续，Claire注意到了一个改变。A. thing事情；B. situation情况，情形；C. challenge挑战；D. shift转变。根据前文“he asked Claire why anyone would read in their spare time”及后文“he ___12____said that he was happy and confident to give it a go at home”可知，Zach从一开始不知道读书的含义到最后自己主动尝试读书，这是一个巨大的变化。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当最后一节课打包整理书籍时，Zach发现了一本书。A. bought买；B. borrowed借入；C. spotted看见，发现；D. lost丢失。根据前文“When packing up in their final session”可知，在收拾整理书籍时，Zach发现了一本书。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一本比他之前读过的书更高水平的书，但他激动地说他很高兴也很有信心在家里试一试。A. edition版本；B. level水平；C. course课程；D. education教育。根据后文“than those he’d been reading, but ”可知，这本书的难度要比他之前读的书高。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是一本比他之前读过书更高水平的书，但他激动地说他很高兴也很有信心在家里试一试。A. excitedly激动地；B. immediately立即；C. politely有礼貌地；D. humbly谦虚地。根据后文“he was happy and confident to give it a go”可知，得知阅读这本书有挑战性，他很乐意尝试。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，Claire开始明白她作为Bookmark志愿者的影响。A. assess评价；B. understand理解；C. increase提高；D. predict预测。根据后文“her impact as a Bookmark volunteer”并结合上文Zach读书前后的变化可知，Claire开始理解了Bookmark志愿者对孩子们的影响。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为乐趣而阅读提供了一条通往学习的途径，并提供了许多机会。A. pleasure乐趣；B. promotion升职；C. knowledge知识；D. graduation毕业。根据前文“Enjoying reading is a powerful tool”及后文“this joy”可知，为乐趣而阅读是帮助孩子们的强大工具。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于年轻的读者来说，这种快乐可以增强他们在课堂和家庭中的信心。A. restores恢复；B. inspires鼓励；C. boosts促进，加强；D. shakes摇动。根据后文“confidence both in the classroom and at home”可知，这种快乐可以增强他们在课堂和家庭中的信心。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China added a laboratory to its permanent orbiting space station on July 25, 2022 as it moved toward completing the structure in coming ____36____(month).
The Wentian lab module was launched from the Wenchang space base on the tropical island province of Hainan with ____37____ large crowd of amateur photographers and space lovers watching. After 13 hours of flight, it ____38____(successful) docked(对接) with the Tiangong station’s main Tianhe living module at 3:13 a. m., ____39____ had been launced before the Wentian lab module.
The Wentian was designed ____40____ science and biology experiments, and its feature is that the 23-ton lab module was ____41____(heavy) than any other single-module spacecraft currently in space. It was followed by a second lab module, the Mengtian, sent on October 31, 2022. Three astronauts ____42____(be) then living in the core module(核心舱) on a six-month mission and oversaw the Wentian’s ____43____(arrive) and docking.
A Long March 5B-Y3 rocket, China’s most ____44____(power), carried the module in the third such launch since the Chinese space station entered its construction stage. It took place after the Tianzhou-class cargo(货物) spacecraft and the Shenzhou-14 crewed spacecraft.
China’s space program launched its first astronaut into orbit in 2003, _____45_____(make) it only the third country to do so on its own.
【答案】36. months
37. a 38. successfully
39. which 40. for
41. heavier
42. were 43. arrival
44. powerful
45. making
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“问天”实验舱的具体情况及成功发射。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：2022年7月25日，中国为其永久轨道空间站增加了一个实验室，并将在未来几个月内完成该构造。根据“ in coming”可知，空处需填名词复数。month为可数名词，故填months。
37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在一大群业余摄影师和航天爱好者的观看下，“问天”实验舱从热带岛屿海南省文昌航天基地发射升空。a crowd of表示“一大群，许多的”，符合句意。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：经过13个小时的飞行，它在凌晨3点13分与天宫站的主要天河生活舱对接成功，该生活舱在“问天”实验舱之前已经发射。根据“docked”可知，空处需填副词做状语，修饰动词。故填successfully。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：经过13个小时的飞行，它在凌晨3点13分与天宫站的主要天河生活舱对接成功，该生活舱在“问天”实验舱之前已经发射。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“Tianhe living module”，故用which引导定语从句。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意“问天”实验舱设计用于科学和生物实验”。bee designed for表示“为……所设计，设计用于……”，用介词for引出宾语。故填for。
【41题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：这个23吨重的实验舱比目前在太空中的任何其他单模块航天器都要重，这是它的特点。根据“than any other single-module spacecraft”可知，空处需填形容词比较级。故填heavier。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：当时，三名宇航员住在核心舱内，执行为期六个月的任务，并监督“问天”号的抵达和对接。根据“and oversaw”可知，and连接的并列句，前句缺谓语动词，时态是一般过去时，主语是“Three astronauts”，故谓语动词用复数。故填were。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：三名宇航员住在核心舱内，执行为期六个月的任务，并监督“问天”号的抵达和对接。根据“the Wentian’s”可知，空处需填名词，arrive是动词，表示“到来”，名词是arrival。故填arrival
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：自中国空间站进入建设阶段以来，长征5B-Y3火箭进行了第三次这样的发射，这是中国最大功率的火箭。根据“China’s most”可知，空处需填形容词。power作名词，表示“力量”，形容词powerful表示“强大的，大功率的”符合句意。故填powerful。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年，中国的太空计划将首位宇航员送入轨道，使中国成为第三个独立完成这一任务的国家。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“launched”，故空处需填非谓语动词，中国的太空计划将首位宇航员送入轨道这件事和“make”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校交换生Felix刚看完“美丽中国”摄影展，应邀给校英文网站写一篇观后感，内容包括：
1. 画展特色；
2. 观看感受；
3. 意见建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Charming China” Photographic Exhibition is perfectly fantastic.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
“Charming China” Photographic Exhibition is perfectly fantastic. It displays a wide variety of photos that reflect Chinese abundant and unique cultures, attractive scenery and a long history as well as great achievements in every aspect and so on. I am especially interested in tea culture, Peking opera, Chinese calligraphy and traditional handicraft. Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture and have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people. It serves as a bridge between China and other countries to enhance each other’s understanding. I hope that there will be more opportunities in the future for exchange students like me to learn more about China.
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文。要求就“美丽中国”摄影展写篇观后感描述画展特色及自己的感悟。
【详解】1.词汇积累
大量的：a variety of→a range of
丰富的：abundant →fruitful
迷人的：attractive→fascinating
加强：enhance→ strengthen
2.句式拓展
并列句变复合句
原句：Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture and have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people.
拓展句：Through the exhibition, I am exposed to Chinese culture which makes me have a deeper understanding of China and the Chinese people.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It displays a wide variety of photos that reflect Chinese abundant and unique cultures, attractive scenery and a long history as well as great achievements in every aspect and so on.（运用了that引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】I hope that there will be more opportunities in the future for exchange students like me to learn more about China.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was in about 40 feet of water all by myself. I knew I should not have gone alone, but I was rather competent and just took a chance. There was not much current, and the water was so warm, clear and attractive. When I got a cramp (抽筋), I realized at once how foolish I was. I was not too alarmed, but was completely doubled up with stomach cramps. I tried to remove my weight belt, but I was so doubled up I could not get to the catch. I was sinking and began to feel more frightened, unable to move. I could see my watch and knew there was only a little more time on the tank before I would be out of air. I tried to massage (按摩) my stomach. I wasn’t wearing a wet suit, but couldn’t straighten out and couldn’t get to the cramped muscles with my hands. I thought, “I can’t go like this! I have things to do!” I just couldn’t die this way with no one to even know what happened to me. I called out in my mind, “Somebody, something, help me!”
I was not prepared for what happened. Suddenly I felt a push from behind me under the arm. I thought, “Oh no, sharks!” I felt real fear and desperate. But my arm was being lifted forcefully. Around into my field of vision came an eye — the most extraordinary eye I could ever imagine. It was smiling. It was the eye of a big dolphin. Looking into that eye, I knew I was safe. I was flooded with relief. I felt that the animal was comforting me as well as lifting me toward the surface. My stomach cramps went away and I relaxed with security.
At the surface it drew me all the way into shore. It took me into water so shallow that I began to be concerned that it might be beached, and I pushed it back a little deeper, where it waited, watching me, I guess to see if I was all right.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When I took off the weight belt and oxygen tank, I went back into the ocean to the dolphin.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After a while it brought me back to shore.
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【答案】 When I took off the weight belt and oxygen tank, I went back into the ocean to the dolphin. I felt so light and free and alive, and just wanted to play in the sun and the water happily and freely. The
dolphin took me back out and played around in the water with me. I noticed that there were a lot of dolphins there, farther out. However, I did not feel scared at all. I relaxed, hugging it. How I wished to stay with him forever.
After a while it brought me back to shore. I was very tired at that time, almost collapsing and he made sure that I was safe in the shallowest water. Then he turned sideways with one eye looking into mine. We stayed that way for what seemed like a very long time, timeless I guess, staring into space, with personal thoughts from the past going through my mind. Afterwards, he made just one loud sound and went out to join the others. And all of them left.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者独自去海里潜水，但突如其来的胃部痉挛使他陷于危险中，最终他被海豚救起的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我脱下负重带和氧气罐时，我又和海豚回到了海里。”可知，第一段可描写作者在海里与海豚嬉戏的场景及作者的心情。
②由第二段首句内容“过了一会儿，它把我带回了岸边。”可知，第二段可描写作者与海豚的分别及作者的感受。
2.续写线索：海中潜水——胃部痉挛——被海豚救起——海中嬉戏——送回岸上——海豚离开
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：wish/hope/desire/long to do
②呆在一起：stay with sb/keep one’s company
③离开：leave/go away/depart
情绪类
①开心地：happily/merrily/joyfully
②害怕的：scared/frightened/be afraid of
【点睛】【高分句型1】I noticed that there were a lot of dolphins there, farther out.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】We stayed that way for what seemed like a very long time, timeless I guess, staring into space, with personal thoughts from the past going through my mind.（运用了what引导的宾语从句及with复合结构）
听力:1—5 B B C C A 6—10 C C A B A 11—15 A C B B A 16—20 B C A C B
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