人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music学案及答案

这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第二册Unit 5 Music学案及答案，共7页。
Unit 5 Discovering useful structures导学案过去分词做表语和状语Part 1 过去分词做表语（Past Participle as the Predicative）Lead in 观察下列句子所作成分并总结规律1.She looks disappointed.2.She seems surprised at the news.3.They looked frightened to hear the frightening sound.4.The door is closed.规律：过去分词可置于系动词后作表语，用来表示主语的性质、特征或状态。其前的系动词包括be、get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等。用法1.过去分词可放在系动词be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态, 相当于一个形容词。Tom was astonished to see a snake moving across the floor. 汤姆很惊讶地看到一条蛇正爬过地板。Finally the baby felt tired of playing with those toys.  终于婴儿厌倦了玩那些玩具。用法2.V-ed作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别:V-ed作表语，强调主语的特点或状态，相当于形容词；被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，后面常跟by。  Eg：The library is now closed．(状态)图书馆现在关闭了。The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday．(动作)昨天我妹妹把杯子打碎了。用法3.过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别：We are  interested (interest) in the film.The film is interesting (interest) to us. Michelle sounded excited (excite) to hear the news.The news sounded exciting (excite). 过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。Practice1.The plants that they found there were            (astonish).2. I was         (astonish) to learn that his long lost child (失散已久的孩子) had been found.3.She had a          (worry) look on her face because she failed the exam. 4. He seemed          (interest) in the idea I put forward. 5. The          mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle)  Part 2 过去分词做状语（Past Participle as the Adverbial）过去分词作状语, 过去分词(短语)的逻辑主语就是句子主语，句子主语与过去分词之间存在被动关系。过去分词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等情况。Given more attention, the tree can grow better.如果多加注意，这棵树会长得更好。Guided by these principles, they went on with the work.在这些方针的指导下，他们继续进行这项工作。表时间可转换为when, while或after等引导的时间状语从句。Asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.When he was asked why he didn’t do it, he began to cry.表原因可转换为as, since或because等引导的原因状语从句。Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. 3.表条件可转换为if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Given more time, we will do better. If we are given more time, we will do better. 4.表让步可转换为though，although,或even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。Invited, I will not take part in the party.Even if I am invited, I will not take part in the party. 表方式或伴随可转换为and并列结构。The old man walked in the park, supported by his wife.The old man walked in the park and was supported by his wife. 过去分词作状语需注意事项:1.过去分词作状语时，有时为了强调，前面可带有连词，如：when,  while, if, though, as if, unless, until等，以使句意表达得更清楚。Eg. Unless constantly repeated, the English words are easily forgotten.When asked why she came here, the girl kept silent.2.有些过去分词(短语)来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost (迷失的),  seated (坐), hidden (隐藏的), lost/absorbed in (沉浸于), dressed in (穿着)等。Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell.过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别.Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，你会发现这座城市就像一个大花园。(句子的主语you与see之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)2.Seen from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.从山上看，这座城市就像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)过去分词作状语:过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，即表被动。  现在分词作状语：现在分词作状语时，句子的主语之间与现在分词是逻辑上的主谓关系，即表主动。总结：分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟 主句 的主语保持一致。如果主句的主语和分词是主动关系, 用现在分词，主句的主语和分词是被动关系，用过去分词。Practice1.___________(受到他的演说鼓舞)，all the workers went all out. (inspire) 2. All the villagers moved down to the river side,                (在政府的支持下). (support)3. _____________________(不满意自己的成就), he worked still harder. (satisfy)4. ________ (frighten) by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom.5. ________ (compare)with our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace. 6. ______ ( face) with such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts. 7. ________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.8. The lady returned home, ________ (follow) by the famous detective Holmes.