初二下学期期中英语试卷-学生用卷 (8)

这是一份初二下学期期中英语试卷-学生用卷 (8)，共20页。试卷主要包含了单项选择，完形填空，阅读理解，信息匹配，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
初二下学期期中英语试卷-学生用卷
一、单项选择（本大题共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分）
1、 —There will be a test before getting the chance to go abroad. I am worried about it.
—You always work hard. I think you can make it.
A. practise
B. attract
C. succeed

2、—I'm ready. When will we set off?
—Lisa will pick us up twenty minutes later.
A. take off
B. get off
C. set out

3、—The tiger in this cage is an adult, so don't get close to it.
—I agree. It's big enough to cause some danger.
A. a fully grown animal
B. a tiny animal
C. a healthy animal

4、—Your expression on your face tells me that you're unhappy today.
—You're right. I feel sad because my parents don't allow me to attend the summer camp.
A. look
B. pain
C. message

5、—Look out! You almost knocked down the child!
—I'm so sorry.
A. Hurry up
B. Be careful
C. Well done

6、—Oh, this bridge is too narrow for two cars to pass at the same time.
—Yeah. Let's pass it           .
A. suddenly
B. quickly
C. separately

7、—How did Tom feel when he knew the exciting news?
—His eyes            and he jumped up and down.
A. popped out
B. took out
C. looked out

8、—I haven't seen Jim for long.
—He's            great pain because of his illness. We'd better go to his home to visit him.
A. looking for
B. suffering from
C. looking forward to

9、—I want to offer help to the disabled, but I don't know how to do that.
—I know there is a(n)            which helps the disabled and you can join it.
A. tool
B. organization
C. obligation

10、—I have worked in this company for six years. I am            this job now.
—Maybe you can try changing another job.
A. bored with
B. ready for
C. pleased with

二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
11、　　Many people love Chinese silk（丝绸）. It has bright colors and it feels soft and      1     , so it is wonderful to be made into silk clothing. Silk clothing has beautiful      2     . Among them, the most popular patterns are flowers and birds. Besides, silk plays an important part in Chinese culture.
　　The history of silk in China began more than 5, 000 years ago. Silk was valuable in ancient China. Wearing silk was a      3      of being rich. At first, only members of the king's family could wear silk.
　　Silk was also      4      with foreign people. They loved silk and would like to pay a lot of money for it. The Chinese kings used to      5      how to make silk a secret. Anyone who told the secret or took silkworms（蚕）out of China would be killed. So the secret of silk making was kept unknown      6      200 B.C. Then, some other countries began to know how to make silk.
　　There were no cars or planes 2, 000 years ago. People bought or sold all kinds of goods along a road between China and Europe. People called it the Silk Road because most of the goods going on the road were made      7      silk. The road was 8, 000 km long through mountains and deserts. It was      8      a long way to go and it was not easy.
　　The Silk Road is very important to both China and the rest of the world, either in the past or      9     . It once      10      the role as the land bridge between the East and the West. Today, China and five other central Asian countries are working together. They want their Silk Road treasures to be on the World Cultural Heritage List（文化遗产名录）.
A. comfortableB. commonC. roughD. pleasant
A. linesB. marksC. patternsD. patches
A. postB. symbolC. scoreD. sketch
A. centralB. interestedC. readyD. popular
A. keepB. practiceC. mixD. offer
A. afterB. untilC. sinceD. for
A. upB. inC. ofD. on
A. recentlyB. reallyC. wildlyD. lovely
A. in the wayB. in a wayC. in the endD. in the present
A. layB. rejectedC. playedD. matched

三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
12、　　I bumped into（撞上）a stranger as he walked by me. "Oh, excuse me," I said.
　　He replied with a smile and said, "Please excuse me too. I wasn't watching out for you."
　　We apologized and went our own ways.
　　Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over.
　　"Move out of the way!" I shouted.
　　She walked away sadly. But I didn't feel like I had to apologize to her.
　　While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, "While dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. You'll find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes?"
　　I quietly went and knelt down by my daughter's bed.
　　"Honey, I am so sorry," I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for me?"
　　She said, "I found them by the tree. I picked them because they're pretty like you. I knew you'd like them, especially the blue ones."
　　I tearfully replied, "Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I acted today. I shouldn't have shouted at you."
　　"It's okay. I love you anyway," she said as she kissed me on my cheek. If we can be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love?
(1) The writer            to the stranger who she bumped into.
A. said hello
B. said sorry
C. said no
D. said nothing
(2) The writer nearly knocked over her daughter           .
A. in the street
B. in the bedroom
C. in the kitchen
D. in the garden
(3) The writer felt            after hearing what her daughter said.
A. moved
B. surprised
C. sad
D. comfortable
(4) From the passage, we can learn that           .
A. the writer felt sorry after her daughter walked sadly
B. the writer's husband is strict with their daughter
C. the daughter thinks her mom is beautiful
D. the daughter is very angry with her mom
(5) What is the best title of the passage?
A. Apologize for mistakes
B. Watch out for strangers
C. Be kind to loved ones
D. Never shout at kids

13、　　
　　Cao Siyu, born and raised in Beijing, left home at 20 to study in the US and, later, in the UK. Now she works in Paris, France. Being in foreign countries for 12 years, she has a better understanding of both Chinese and Western cultures. She started drawing the web comics to help people understand different cultures. Using her pencil, Cao also wants to build a bridge between different cultures.
　　Tiny Eyes Comics, first created in late 2016, tells the stories of a Chinese girl named Tiny Eyes. Cao has posted more than 300 comics online and they attracted about 41, 000 followers. Her comics are about family relationships, food, different ways of thinking and social customs.
　　This year, COVID-19 has made her realize how important it is to help people from different cultures to communicate with each other. One of her comics shows the cultural differences about wearing masks. "To wear or not to wear, that is the question" has been heatedly discussed. In the comics, she explains that Chinese people wear masks to protect themselves from infection（感染）, as well as avoiding passing the virus to others.
　　One of her comics shows different ways of expressing love. In her comics, an American girl tells her mother directly that she loves her over the phone; the girl Tiny Eyes expresses her love by asking her beloved ones about their health and buying nice things to make their life more comfortable. Another difference between the Chinese and Westerners is about hot water. French restaurants always serve sparkling water（气泡水）before the meal; in the US, restaurants serve iced water; while in China, people drink hot water a lot.
(1) What can we know about Cao Siyu in Paragraph 1?
①Her age. ②Her birthplace. ③Her favourite country.
④Her work experience. ⑤Her reasons for drawing online comics.
A. ①②③
B. ②③⑤
C. ①②⑤
D. ②③④
(2) Which of the following about Tiny Eyes Comics is true?
A. It helps Westerners understand Chinese culture better through a Chinese girl.
B. It is a real story about a girl's difficulty in making friends.
C. It tells a story about a girl and her family in Canada.
D. It is a fact paper about girls with small eyes.
(3) What does Cao want to tell the westerners by using comics on Chinese wearing masks?
A. To pay attention to the importance of being friendly with each other.
B. To be aware of the cultural differences between France and United States.
C. To understand the reasons why Chinese people wear masks.
D. To stay at home is more important than to wear masks right now.
(4) Why does the writer mention those examples in her book?
A. To show us the real life of Tiny Eyes.
B. To explain how important the communication is.
C. To tell us some differences between the US and China.
D. To show the differences between Chinese and Western cultures.
(5) In which part of the newspaper can we read the passage?
A. EDUCATION.
B. CULTURE.
C. ENVIRONMENT.
D. TRAVEL.

14、　　①While history has shown that the economic development is sometimes achieved at the cost of environmental damage, Shenzhen is trying to tell a different story.
　　②Shenzhen has been developing quickly in recent years. At the same time, the city's air quality has kept improving. In 2019, the average concentration（浓度）of PM 2.5 was 24 μg/m3, the lowest level since the monitoring system started in 2006. The city has set a goal to lower the index to less than 20 μg/m3 by 2025 and reach a world-leading level by 2035.
　　③One of the most effective ways to curb air pollution is to encourage the use of electric vehicles, especially in public transport, across the city. At the end of 2017, Shenzhen became the world's first city to make all its public buses, about 16, 400 of them, run on electricity. A year later, more than 21, 000 taxis in the city were almost all replaced by electric cars.
　　④When the sky becomes clearer, the city has also made great progress in solving its water pollution. All 159 black and smelly water bodies and 1, 467 small ones have been fully recovered. Five major rivers that run through the city have met national water standards（标准）.
　　⑤Maozhou River, one of the most heavily polluted rivers in Shenzhen, started to meet the lowest national standard for qualified（合格的）surface water in November 2019. The standard is that the water can be used for agriculture or sightseeing. This was the best level the river had achieved since 1992.
　　⑥As a result, Chinese white dolphins and jellyfish have been seen to return to the Shenzhen Bay. And the number of many animals in and along the river has increased year by year.
(1) What does the underlined word "curb" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Produce.
B. Control.
C. Protect.
D. Cause.
(2) Which of the following questions is answered in the passage?
A. When will personal cars be replaced by electric ones?
B. What is Shenzhen's goal of dealing with air pollution?
C. How many kinds of animals are there in Maozhou River?
D. What are the five major rivers that run through Shenzhen?
(3) What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Shenzhen's secrets of fast development.
B. Shenzhen's plans to clear the sky and rivers.
C. Shenzhen's ways of developing the economy.
D. Shenzhen's achievements in the environment.
(4) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Shenzhen's economic development is achieved at the cost of environmental damage.
B. Shenzhen has set a goal to lower the average concentration of PM 2.5 to 20μg/m3 in 15 years.
C. The water of Maozhou River can be used for agriculture or sightseeing in 2020.
D. Shenzhen became the world's first city to make all taxis run on electricity.
(5) Which is the structure of the passage?
A. ①/②③/④⑤⑥
B. ①②/③/④⑤⑥
C. ①②/③④/⑤⑥
D. ①/②③④⑤/⑥

四、信息匹配（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
15、　　A company called SkyDrive showed its new flying car, the SD-03. The small car could stay about 1 to 2 meters above the ground, and fly around for 4 minutes with a driver on board.
　　      1      They hope that flying cars will be used for short trips in cities in the future. Flying cars can save time and help reach places easily.
　　      2      With lots of cars flying around, people need new ways to help control the traffic in the air. And it is too difficult for people to control in real time.
　　Safety is another problem. If flying cars fall from the sky, it will hurt not just the people in the car, but people on the ground, too.      3      
　　Cars and airplanes had lots of problems at first, too.      4      
　　Tomohiro Fukuzawa, the CEO of the company, wants the flying cars to be able to fly two people on trips of up to 5 kilometers by 2023. By 2050, he hopes people will be able to fly anywhere inside flying cars in just 10 minutes. He said, "      5      "
A. With time, these problems have been solved.
B. Many countries are studying flying cars.
C. But flying cars have some problems, too.
D. I think flying cars will be widely used in the future.
E. How can the flying cars solve the problems?
F. So it's important to make sure the flying cars are big enough.

16、下面的材料A-F分别介绍了六种App的主要功能。请根据Leo、Toy、Catherin、Allen、Paul五位同学的爱好及需求，帮助他们选出适合他们的App，并将其标号填入题前的括号内。
　　      1      Leo is really a book worm. He enjoys all kinds of novels. His e-Reader is always on his hands wherever he is.
　　      2      Toy's has a new smartphone and he would like to download files from his computer quickly.
　　      3      Catherin is a guitarist. She plays Jazz and classical music. Music is a part of her life.
　　      4      Allen loves collecting model cars. He tries to learn German to get more knowledge about the Germany model car.
　　      5      Paul is an energetic boy. He keeps doing outdoor exercise with his pet dog every day.
A. Runtastic PRO can do much more than just follow your favorite running routes. This excellent fitness app keeps going with all kinds of useful data and can return information to help you plan fu­ture outings. Use it for cycling, hiking, and walking, too.
B. Bandcamp is one of the most exciting music market places. The app is a one-stop-shop for digital and physical band merch. If you want to keep your finger on the pulse of music, this is an wonderful app.
C. Calibre is the giant of c-book management. With just a few clicks, you can add any book from your computer to your e-Reader over USB or Wi-Fi. You can also store your e-books on the cloud for easy access from wherever you are. If you've got a lot of e-books, this is the app for you.
D. Duolingo is your guide for learning a new language. The more you use the app, the more you unlock and—with practice—the more you learn. This free app now supports Danish, Dutch, French, German, Irish, kalian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Swedish.
E. Overdrop is a weather app to give an accurate forecast. The app includes helpful timeline—based graphs of temperature, wind and rain predictions（预测）.
F. DroidAdmin provides an easy way of downloading some files from a computer to your smartphone in just one step.

五、语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
17、　　Claire is a 27-year-old Chinese girl. She is a teacher in a junior high school.      1      (take) trips is her favourite. She thinks they are special      2      (memory).
　　Last month, Claire took a trip to Italy with her family. This was her first time to go traveling abroad. Before starting      3      (they) journey, Claire searched on the Internet for a lot of information. After      4      long flight, they got to Rome on July 3. She and her family visited beautiful cities like Rome and Milan. They are both modern cities. Venice      5      (like) best by Claire among all the places. In her mind, Venice is the      6      (wonderful) place that she has ever visited. The people there are friendly. With the help of body language, their      7      (communicate) went very well. They also visited the famous St Mark's Basilica and its special beauty made a fantastic impression      8      them. When they bought some presents for their friends in a store, a handsome young man      9      (pay) for Claire. What a surprise!
　　On the afternoon of July 18, they got on the plane and flew back to China. She was tired out. Even so, she still hoped      10      (go) to Italy again in the future.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共15分）
18、　　假定你是李华，你们学校的交换生Eric对中国书法非常感兴趣，学校即将举行中国书法展演，请你写一封电子邮件邀请他来观看，给他简单介绍书法，并鼓励他和你一起学习书法。
　　要点：
　　1. 邀请他来参加学校的书法展；
　　时间：本周四下午三点至五点；地点：学校图书馆
　　2. 简单介绍中国的书法；
　　①历史悠久，是中国文化的重要部分；②练习书法需要用毛笔；③《兰亭集序》是最著名的书法作品之一，由王羲之创作，体现了汉字之美，让人印象深刻。
　　3. 简述一条学习书法的好处（自拟），并鼓励他和你一起学习书法。
　　要求：
　　1. 词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数内；
　　2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。
　　参考词汇（仅供参考）：
　　书法calligraphy    书法展calligraphy show    毛笔writing brush
　　《兰亭集序》Preface to Lanting Poetry
Dear Eric,
　　It's great to receive your letter. I'm so glad that you are interested in Chinese calligraphy.
　　                                                                                                                                  
Yours,
Li Hua


1 、【答案】 C;
【解析】 考查近义替换。句意：—在获得出国的机会之前要进行一次考试。我很担心。—你总是工作很努力。我想你能行。practise 练习；attract 吸引；succeed 成功。make it意为 "成功，达到预定目标" 。故选：C。
2 、【答案】 C;
【解析】 考查近义替换。句意：—我准备好了。我们什么时候出发？—Lisa二十分钟后会来接我们。A.take off起飞，脱下，离开；B.get off动身；C.set out动身，出发；根据前文I'm ready. 可知划线词语set off应该表示出发，和set out意思相近。故答案为C。
3 、【答案】 A;
【解析】 考查近义替换。A. a fully grown animal 一个完全成年的动物；B. a tiny animal 一个小动物；C. a healthy animal 一个健康的动物。句意：—笼子里的老虎是成年的，所以不要靠近它。—我同意。它大到足以造成一些危险。故答案为：A。
4 、【答案】 A;
【解析】 考查名词辨析。名词expression可表示 "表情；神色" 。句意：—你脸上的表情告诉我你今天不开心。—你说得对。我很难过，因为我父母不允许我参加夏令营。A. look表情；B. pain痛苦；C. message信息。故答案为：A。
5 、【答案】 B;
【解析】 考查近义替换。句意：—当心！你差点撞倒那孩子！—我很抱歉。A. Hurry up赶快，抓紧；B. Be careful小心；C. Well done做得好。根据You almost knocked down the child! I'm so sorry.可推出划线词语意为小心，和Be careful意思相同。故答案为：B。
6 、【答案】 C;
【解析】 句意：—这座桥同时过两辆车太窄了。—是的，让我们分开过桥吧。
7 、【答案】 A;
【解析】 句意：—当Tom知道这个让人兴奋的消息时，他什么感受？—他瞪大了眼睛，然后跳上跳下。
8 、【答案】 B;
【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。A. look for寻找；B. suffer from遭受；C. look forward to期待。句意：—我很久没见到吉姆了。—他因疾病而遭受很大的痛苦。我们最好去他家看他。故答案为：B。
9 、【答案】 B;
【解析】 考查名词辨析。句意：—我想帮助残疾人，但我不知道该怎么做。—我知道有一个帮助残疾人的组织，你可以加入它。A.tool工具，用具；B.organization组织；C.obligation义务，职责；结合前文offer help to the disabled以及后文you can join it，可知横线处应该表示加入某个组织。故答案为B。
10 、【答案】 A;
【解析】 考查短语辨析。A. be bored with 对……感到厌烦；B. be ready for 为……准备好；C. be pleased with 对……感到开心。句意：—我在这家公司工作了六年。我现在厌倦了这份工作。—也许你可以试着换一份工作。故答案为：A。
11 、【答案】 A;C;B;D;A;B;C;B;D;C;
【解析】 1. 考查形容词辨析。A.comfortable，舒适的；B.common，平常的；C.rough，粗糙的；D.pleasant，愉快的。and表示 "并列" 关系，前面的单词是：soft ，句意：它有明亮的颜色，摸起来柔软舒适，所以它被制成丝绸衣服是美妙的。故答案选A。
2. 考查名词辨析。A.line，线条；B.mark，标志；符号；C.pattern，模式；D.patch，补丁。下文的 "Among them, the most popular patterns are flowers and birds." 提示我们答案是C。
3. 考查名词辨析。A.post，帖子；B.symbol，象征；C.score，分数；D.sketch，草图。下文的 "At first, only members of the king's family could wear silk." 指出：起初，只有王室成员才能穿丝绸。可以推测出该句话的含义是：丝绸是富有的象征。故答案选B。
4. 考查形容词辨析。A.central，中心的；B.interested，感兴趣的；C.ready，准备好的；D.popular，流行的。根据下文的 "They loved silk and would like to pay a lot of money for it." 可知：他们喜欢丝绸，愿意花很多钱买它。所以该句话的含义是：丝绸在国外也很流行。be popular with：流行的。故答案选D。
5. 考查动词辨析。A.keep，保持；B.practice，练习；C.mix，混合；D.offer，提供。句意：中国的国王们过去一直把如何制作丝绸当作一个秘密。keep sth. a secret：保留秘密。故答案选A。
6. 考查介词辨析。A.after，在……以后；B.until，直到；C.since，自从；D.for，因为，为了。句意：因此，制作丝绸的秘密直到公元前200年才为人所知。故答案选B。
7. 考查介词辨析。A.up，往上；B.in，在里面；C.of，……的；D.on，在上面。be made of：由……制成（看不出原材料）。句意：人们称它为丝绸之路，因为路上的大部分货物都是用丝绸制成的。故答案选C。
8. 考查副词辨析。A.recently，最近；B.really，真地；C.wildly，狂野地；D.lovely，可爱的（形容词）。句意：这真的是一段很长的路要走，并不容易。故答案选B。
9. 考查介词短语辨析。A.in the way，妨碍；B.in a way，在某种程度上；C.in the end，最后；D.in the present，目前。横线前面的 "in the past" 意思是：在过去，所以横线处要填入：现在。句意：无论是过去还是现在，丝绸之路对中国和世界都非常重要。故答案选D。
10. 考查动词辨析。A.lay，放置；B.reject，拒绝；C.play，玩耍；D.match，匹配。play the role as：扮演……的角色。句意：它曾经是东西方之间的桥梁。故答案选C。
12 、【答案】 (1) B;
(2) C;
(3) A;
(4) C;
(5) C;
【解析】 (1) 细节理解题。根据文章中的第一段：I bumped into（撞上）a stranger as he walked by me. "Oh, excuse me," I said. 以及第三段：We apologized and went our own ways.可知作者向她撞到的陌生人道歉。故答案为：B。
(2) 细节理解题。根据文章中的第四段的最后一句：When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over.可知作者在厨房里差点儿把她女儿撞倒。故答案为：C。
(3) 推理判断题。根据文章中的倒数第二段的第一句：I tearfully replied, "Sweetie, I'm really sorry for the way I acted today." 可推测出听了女儿的话，作者很感动。故答案为：A。
(4) 细节理解题。根据文章中的倒数第三段：I picked them because they're pretty like you.可知作者的女儿觉得她妈妈很漂亮，故C选项说法正确。故答案为：C。
(5) 最佳标题题。根据文章中的最后一段的最后一句：If we can be polite to strangers, why can't we do the same for the ones we love? 如果我们能对陌生人礼貌，为什么我们不能对我们爱的人也这样呢？可知本文的主旨是要善待你爱的人，故本文的最佳标题可以是 "Be kind to loved ones" 。故答案为：C。
13 、【答案】 (1) C;
(2) A;
(3) C;
(4) D;
(5) B;
【解析】 (1) 本文主要谈论了一个中国女孩画漫画来帮助人们了解不同的文化。
事实细节题。第一段，"Cao Siyu, born and raised in Beijing, left home at 20 to study in the US and, later, in the UK. Now she works in Paris, France. Being in foreign countries for 12 years…She started drawing the web comics to help people understand different cultures. Using her pencil, Cao also wants to build a bridge between different cultures." 说，曹思宇，在北京出生和长大，20岁时离家去美国留学，后来又去了英国。现在她在法国巴黎工作。她在国外待了12年，对中西文化有了更深的了解。她开始画网络漫画来帮助人们了解不同的文化。曹还想用她的铅笔在不同的文化之间架起一座桥梁。所以，第一段讲了她的年龄、出生地和她画网络漫画的原因。故答案为：C。
(2) 事实细节题。第二段，"Tiny Eyes Comics, first created in late 2016, tells the stories of a Chinese girl named Tiny Eyes. Cao has posted more than 300 comics online and they attracted about 41, 000 followers. Her comics are about family relationships, food, different ways of thinking and social customs." 说，《小眼睛漫画》于2016年底首次创作，该漫画讲述了一个叫小眼睛的中国女孩的故事。曹已经在网上发布了300多幅漫画，吸引了大约41000名粉丝。她的漫画是关于家庭关系，食物，不同的思维方式和社会习俗的。所以，《小眼睛漫画》通过一个中国女孩帮助西方人更好地了解中国文化。故答案为：A。
(3) 事实细节题。第三段，"In the comics, she explains that Chinese people wear masks to protect themselves from infection（感染）, as well as avoiding passing the virus to others." 说，她在漫画中解释说，中国人戴口罩是为了保护自己不受感染, 以及避免将病毒传染给他人。故答案为：C。
(4) 写作目的题。最后一段，"One of her comics shows different ways of expressing love. In her comics, an American girl tells her mother directly that she loves her over the phone; the girl Tiny Eyes expresses her love by…" 说，她的一个漫画展示了表达爱的不同方式。在她的漫画中，一个美国女孩通过电话直接告诉她的母亲她爱她；叫小眼睛的女孩通过询问她爱的人的健康情况和购买好东西让他们生活得更舒适来表达爱。中国人和西方人的另一个区别是关于热水。法国餐馆在饭前总是供应气泡水；在美国，餐馆提供冰水；在中国，人们经常喝热水。所以，作者只是通过提到这些例子来告诉我们，中国文化和西方文化的区别。故答案为：D。
(5) 文章来源题。如第一、二、四题分析提到的，本文谈论的漫画主要表现的是中西方文化的不同，来帮助人们了解不同的文化。故答案为：B。
14 、【答案】 (1) B;
(2) B;
(3) D;
(4) C;
(5) A;
【解析】 (1) 文章主要介绍了深圳近年来在环境，尤其是空气污染和水源污染的治理和保护方面的进步，不再以牺牲环境为代价来发展经济。
词义猜测题。根据后文 "encourage the use of electric vehicles" 鼓励使用电动汽车，可知这一方法应该是能够有效控制空气污染。A. Produce 产生；B. Control 控制；C. Protect 保护；D. Cause 导致。故选：B。
(2) 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句 "The city has set a goal to lower the index to less than 20 μg/m3 …"，可知回答选项 B：深圳治理空气污染的目标这一问题。故选：B。
(3) 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，可知主要介绍了深圳近年来在环境治理和保护方面取得的进展。故选：D。
(4) 推理判断题。根据文章第五段第一、二句 "Maozhou River … the lowest national standard … in November 2019. The standard … used for agriculture or sightseeing."，可知茅洲河2019年11月达到了地表水合格的国家最低标准，其标准是可以用于农业或观光可推知，茅洲河2020年可以用于农业或观光。故选：C。
(5) 语篇结构题。根据文章可知，第一段总写，引出下文；第二段和第三段是关于空气污染的治理和进展；第四至第六段是关于水污染的治理和进展。故选：A。
15 、【答案】 B;C;E;A;D;
【解析】 1. 考查上下文逻辑。根据空格后They hope that flying cars will be used for short trips in cities in the future.（他们希望未来会飞的汽车能用于城市的短途旅行。）可知，本段讲述的是关于飞行汽车研发方面的内容，B项意为 "许多国家正在研究飞行汽车" 符合语境。故答案为：B。
2. 考查上下文逻辑。根据空格后With lots of cars flying around, …it is too difficult for people to control in real time.（随着大量的汽车飞来飞去，人们需要新的方法来帮助控制空中交通。人们很难实时控制。）可知，本段说的是飞行汽车存在的问题，C项意为 "但是飞行汽车也有一些问题" 符合语境。故答案为：C。
3. 考查上下文逻辑。根据下文Cars and airplanes had lots of problems at first, too. 可知，一开始汽车和飞机也有存在问题，所以空格处应该引出下文的问题解决方案，E项意为 "飞行汽车如何解决这些问题？" 符合语境。故答案为：E。
4. 考查上下文逻辑。空格前说的是一开始汽车和飞机也有存在问题，再结合上文How can the flying cars solve the problems? 可知，空格处应说明一开始汽车和飞机的问题得到了解决，A项意为 "随着时间的推移，这些问题都得到了解决" 符合语境。故答案为：A。
5. 考查上下文逻辑。本段说的是该公司的首席执行官希望他们的产品在2023年之前搭载两个人飞行5公里，到2050年，他希望人们能够乘坐飞行汽车在10分钟内飞到任何地方，这是对未来飞行汽车的展望，飞行汽车方便快捷，必然会有巨大的市场，D项意为 "我认为飞行汽车在未来会被广泛使用" 符合语境。故答案为：D。
16 、【答案】 C;F;B;D;A;
【解析】 1. 考查行文逻辑和句意理解。根据Leo is really a book worm.以及His e-Reader is always on his hands wherever he is可知，利奥真是个书迷。无论他身在何处，他的电子阅读器总是在他手上；C选项 "Calibre是e-book管理的巨头" 符合利奥的需求，故答案为：C。
2. 考查行文逻辑和句意理解。根据Toy's has a new smartphone and he would like to download files from his computer quickly可知，托尼有一个新的智能手机，他想从他的电脑上快速下载文件。F项的 "DroidAdmin可以提供了一种简单的方法，只需一步就可以将一些文件从电脑下载到智能手机上" 符合托尼的需求，故答案为：F。
3. 考查行文逻辑和句意理解。根据Catherin is a guitarist. She plays Jazz and classical music. Music is a part of her life可知，凯瑟琳是吉他手。她演奏爵士乐和古典音乐。音乐是她生活的一部分。B项的 "Bandcamp是一款很好的应用程序"，故答案为：B。
4. 考查行文逻辑和句意理解。根据Allen loves collecting model cars. He tries to learn German to get more knowledge about the Germany model car可知，艾伦喜欢收集汽车模型。他努力学习德语，以便对德国模型车有更多的了解。D项的 "Duolingo是学习一门新语言的向导，该应用现在支持丹麦语，荷兰语，法语，德语学习" 符合，故答案为：D。
5. 考查行文逻辑和句意理解。根据Paul is an energetic boy. He keeps doing outdoor exercise with his pet dog every day可知，保罗是个精力充沛的男孩。他每天都和他的宠物狗一起做户外运动。A项的 "Runtastic PRO这款出色的健身应用程序可以提供各种有用的数据" 符合，故答案为：A。
17 、【答案】 Taking;memories;their;a;is liked;most wonderful;communication;on;paid;to go;
【解析】 1. 考查动名词。句意：旅行是她的最爱。结合句意分析可知该句子已经有了谓语动词is，因此take使用动名词形式，并用作主语。故答案为：Taking。
2. 考查名词复数。句意：她认为它们是特殊的记忆。根据句意以及系动词are的提示可知使用名词复数形式。故答案为：memories。
3. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在开始他们的旅程之前，克莱尔在网上搜索了很多信息。结合句意分析句子可知使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词journey，表示 "他们的" 。故答案为：their。
4. 考查冠词。句意：经过长途飞行，他们于7月3日到达罗马。结合句意分析可知该空表达泛指概念，flight是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用a。故答案为：a。
5. 考查动词时态以及语态。句意：在所有的地方中，威尼斯是克莱尔最喜欢的。结合句意分析可知该句叙述客观事实，动词like和主语Venice之间为动宾关系，再结合by的提示可知使用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为：is liked。
6. 考查形容词最高级。句意：在她看来，威尼斯是她所参观过的最美妙的地方。那里的人很友好。结合句意以及定语从句that she has ever visited.的提示可知使用形容词最高级。故答案为：most wonderful。
7. 考查名词。句意：在肢体语言的帮助下，他们的交流进行得很顺利。结合句意分析句子可知该空作句子的主语，因此使用名词的形式。故答案为：communication。
8. 考查介词。句意：他们还参观了著名的圣马可大教堂，它独特的美丽给他们留下了奇妙的印象。固定短语：make a … impression on sb.， "给某人留下……印象" 。故答案为：on。
9. 考查动词时态。句意：当他们在商店里为朋友买礼物时，一个英俊的年轻人为克莱尔付了钱。根据句意以及从句部分谓语动词bought的提示可知使用一般过去时。故答案为：paid。
10. 考查动词不定式。句意：尽管如此，她还是希望将来能再去意大利。动词用法：hope to do sth.， "希望做某事" 。故答案为：to go。
18 、【答案】 Dear Eric,
　　It's great to receive your letter. I'm so glad that you are interested in Chinese calligraphy.
　　I'm writing to invite you to our calligraphy show in the school library from 3:00 to 5:00 on Thursday afternoon. Chinese calligraphy has a long history and it is an important part of Chinese culture. When you practice calligraphy, you need to use writing brush. Written by Wang Xizhi, Preface to Lanting Poetry is one of the most famous works which shows the beauty of Chinese characters and makes a deep impression.
　　As for its benefits, practicing calligraphy is helpful in shaping one's personality. So, would you like to practice calligraphy with me?
　　Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
;
【解析】 1. 写作思路。本文是一封邀请信，邀请交换生Eric来观看中国书法展演。文章中应主要包括以下几点：1.  邀请他来参加学校的书法展；时间：本周四下午三点至五点；地点：学校图书馆。2. 简单介绍中国的书法：①历史悠久，是中国文化的重要部分；②练习书法需要用毛笔；③《兰亭集序》是最著名的书法作品之一，由王羲之创作，体现了汉字之美，让人印象深刻。3. 简述一条学习书法的好处（自拟）, 并鼓励他和你一起学习书法。根据所给提示可知本文要用一般现在时，人称主要是第一、二人称，注意并列连词的使用及主谓一致问题，写作中注意上下文的过渡，要符合逻辑关系，符合英语的表达习惯。
2. 常用短语与句型。
Chinese characters 汉字
make a deep impression 留下深刻印象
shaping one's personality塑造某人的性格