2023年高考押题预测卷03（全国乙卷）-英语（全解全析）

这是一份2023年高考押题预测卷03（全国乙卷）-英语（全解全析），共13页。试卷主要包含了A7，B9，C11，A18，推理判断题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023年高考押题预测卷03【全国乙卷】
英语·全解全析
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
1-5 AABCB 6-10 ABBCC 11-15 BABAC 16-20 AABBC
听力原文
1．A
【原文】
W: Hi, David. You’re going on a trip. But you don’t look very excited. What’s the matter?
M: Well, I love to travel but I hate to fly. I’ll be really glad when the flight’s over.
2．A
【原文】
M: Where did you and John go on vacation?
W: We spent four days in Vienna, one week in Paris, and five days in Rome and we had a two-day delay in Geneva before we went to Italy.
3．B
【原文】
W: The light will be turned off in a quarter of an hour.
M: What time is it now?
W: It’s 10:15.
M: That’s OK. It’s enough to get everything ready.
4．C
【原文】
W：What kind of college are you going to apply for?
M：My father wants me to go into business but my mother wants me to go to medical school.
5．B
【原文】
W: Ron, did you learn to cook?
M: Yeah. Although I can’t cook well, I do cook. The reason why I can’t cook well is that I’m not particular about food. I don’t try very hard to make it taste good.
6．A7．B
【原文】
M: I haven't been to the movies in ages.
W: So, let's go to see one. What did you have in mind?
M: Nothing in particular, really, I am just feeling like taking in a film. What about you?
W: Well, here we have every kind of movie you could ask for today; from disaster movie, comedy, to Hollywood action. But I prefer Romance.
M: Oh, it’s up to you. Well, where can we find the times and location listings?
W: Just look in the English newspaper; 7-11 carries them.
8．B9．C
【原文】
W: Hi, Mike, you look tired.What’s up?
M: Professor Lin asked me to carry the overhead projector from the AV Room to the classroom. So I carried it from the basement to the fifth floor.
W: Why didn’t you take the elevator?
M: I was going to,but I saw a sign that said, “For teachers and handicapped only.”
W: Since you were carrying something heavy, I think you could use the elevator.
M: Don’t worry about it; I’ll live.By the way,how were your classes today?
W: Super. We surfed online in our Geography class.
M: Sounds great. Modern advances definitely have changed education for the better.
W: Oh, yes. I’ve been told that there is a multimedia classroom on the third floor.
M: It’s hard to imagine what school will be like in the future.
10．C11．B12．A
【原文】
W: Jack, what did you put on this sandwich? It tastes funny.
M: Sadie, I just put the regular stuff I always put on there. I made you the exact same sandwich last weekend.
W: Well, I still think something is wrong with this one. Did you put some lemon juice on the sandwich, by any chance?
M: No, of course not. Who would put that on a sandwich? No, I just put some mustard on it, plus some lettuce, tomato and onion.
W: Well, that’s usually what I like on my sandwiches. But I think that’s the problem. Smell this…I think the mustard is old and has gone bad.
M: I’m not so sure about that. You seem to be very sensitive about food lately.
W: No way! This smells bad. I’m throwing it away.
13．B14．A15．C16．A
【原文】
W: Sam, it seems you really love visiting art galleries.
M: That’s true. I think art galleries provide the perfect background to admire and appreciate works of art by great artists of different eras across the globe.
W: I agree. Visiting an art gallery cannot only be fun but also exciting as you experience the first-hand look of many amazing masterpieces altogether.
M: So do you like visiting art galleries, too?
W: Yes. I just came back from Washington the other day. I visited the National Gallery of Art there. It has one of the biggest collections of masterworks in the world. So have you also visited it?
M: Yes. It’s amazing So what other art galleries have you visited?
W: I visited Centre Pompidou when I was in Paris last year and the National Museum of Korea in Seoul when I was 22 years old. Though it was 6 years ago, I remember that experience very well.
M: Didn’t you visit Musee d’Orsay when you were in Paris?
W: No. I didn’t have a long stay in the city. But I look forward to visiting it next year. I bet you must have visited it.
M: You’re right. It’s one of the world’s richest, greatest and most exciting art galleries. I can’t wait to revisit it.
17．A18．B19．B20．C
【原文】
I know so many people who, when they get ready for an event， will spend two days working with their stylist, having their hair, makeup and everything else done. That makes me laugh because it wastes too much time. I go the opposite way. The last event I went to, I had 25 minutes to get ready before I was out of the door.
I don't dress up a lot，though I use hair products. I just had my hair cut off because I was getting fed up with the thick curly hair.
I am learning from being in this industry and working with makeup artists. I get very dry skin from traveling, so they tell me to use vitamin C creams. I think it is becoming more acceptable for men to keep skin moist.
These days there are all sorts of dress codes, but I usually just stick to what I know and what I am comfortable in. You never want to be at a party underdressed，so I always tend to overdress. Some people think it is cool to turn up to a big event in a T-shirt but I think that is a little disrespectful. If you have been invited somewhere, it is polite to dress well. It will also give you confidence.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
21．A    22．B    23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了 2023年ZJU全球招聘信息。
【详解】1. 细节理解题。根据文章“Position: Chair Professor”中第一条“Benefits: 1. Salary: Competitive payment; Negotiable based on your need.(福利：1.工资：有竞争力的工资；可根据需要协商。)”可知，如果你想决定你的薪水，你可以选择Chair Professor这个职位，故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Application Materials(申请材料)”中可以找到A项published papers(发表的论文)，C项patents(专利)和D项research projects undertaken(进行的研究项目。)，这些材料应该在申请材料里面，B项“ 团队建设的成就”没有提到，故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据常识可知，招聘启事应该由人力资源部门发布。A. Administrative Department行政部门；B. Accounting Department财务部门；C. Scientific Department科研部门；D. Human Resources Department人力资源部门。故选D。
24．B    25．A    26．C    27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。以前的熨衣商贩的工具中放置木炭，但是会产生大量浓烟，一个名叫Vinisha Umashankar的印度女孩在放学回家的路上看到一名熨衣商贩扔木炭时，受到启发后，求助于大学水平的物理教科书及专家，最终发明了一种新型的太阳能熨衣车。
24．推理判断题。根据第一段的内容“Vinisha Umashankar was returning to her home in southern India from school a few years ago when she saw a man throwing away burnt charcoal (木炭) on the side of the street. He worked by ironing people’s clothes for a living-and his main appliance was an old-fashioned iron box, which he filled with hot charcoal that produced a cloud of smoke. Umashankar started thinking about how this was happening across the country, where the ironing vendor (小商贩) is a fixture. (几年前，Vinisha Umashankar从学校回到她在印度南部的家中，她看到一个男人在路边扔烧焦的木炭。他靠熨烫别人的衣服为生，他的主要用具是一个老式的铁盒子，他往里面装满热木炭，就会产生一团烟。Umashankar开始思考这是如何在全国范围内发生的，在那里熨烫小贩是固定的。)”，及第二段“So Umashankar came up with an idea. (所以Umashankar想出了一个主意。)”可推断，第一段主要说明 VinishaUmashankar的发明的灵感来源。故选B项。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Over the six months in 2019, when she was just 12 years old, she designed a cart (推车) that had solar panels to power a steam iron. She turned to college-level physics textbooks to get an understanding of how solar panels work. Then, she consulted some engineers about her concept and asked them to assist her in building a model. (在2019年的六个月里，当时她才12岁，她设计了一辆装有太阳能电池板的推车，为蒸汽熨斗提供动力。她求助于大学水平的物理教科书，以了解太阳能电池板的工作原理。然后，她向一些工程师咨询了她的概念，并请他们帮助她建立一个模型。)”可知，12岁的Vinisha Umashankar为了发明Iron-Max，不但翻看了大学水平的物理教科书，还向工程师们求助。故选A项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The cart also has a coin-operated cellphone and a cellphone charging point where people can pay to recharge their phones to help vendors make extra money. (手推车上还有一个投币手机和一个手机充电站，人们可以为手机充电，帮助供应商赚取额外收入。)”可知，太阳能熨衣车能够提供额外的服务：提供打电话和手机充电服务。故选C项。
27．推理判断题。根据第四段“With her creative invention, Umashankar was invited to give a powerful 5-minute speech at COP26, the UN’s climate change summit in Glasgow, Scotland, in which she urged world leaders to stop talking and start acting. (凭借她的创造性发明，乌玛尚卡尔受邀在苏格兰格拉斯哥举行的联合国气候变化峰会COP26上发表了5分钟的有力演讲，在演讲中她敦促世界各国领导人停止空谈，开始行动。)”及最后一段“Last September, Umashankar was named one of 15 finalists for the Earth shot Prize launched by Prince William, Duke of Cambridge. She did not win the prize in her category, ‘Clean Our Air’, but was praised by judges for being the youngest finalist for the award. (去年9月，乌玛尚卡尔被剑桥公爵威廉王子发起的‘地球拍摄奖’提名为15名决赛选手之一。她在‘清洁我们的空气’项目中没有获奖，但评委称赞她是该奖项最年轻的决赛选手。)”可推断，Vinisha Umashankar的新发明受到了广泛关注和认可。故选D项。
28．C    29．A    30．D    31．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。呈现在人工智能帮助下获奖艺术作品的出现引发的辩论。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Allen’s award-winning image has led to debates about what, exactly, it means to be an artist and whether AI can truly make art. (艾伦获奖的形象引发了关于成为艺术家到底意味着什么，以及人工智能能否真正创造艺术的争论。)”可推测，人们争论的点是艺术家意味着什么，以及人工智能能否创造艺术，即他的艺术获奖作品是在人工智能的帮助下完成的这件事情导致了争论。故选C项。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“First, he played around with phrasing that led Midjourney to generate images of women in elegant dresses and space helmets, in an attempt to mix Victorian-style costuming with space themes. (首先，他反复琢磨措辞，使Midtravel产生了穿着优雅礼服和太空头盔的女性形象，试图将维多利亚风格的服装与太空主题相结合。)”以及最后一句“Then he improved its resolution through Gigapixel AI and finally had the images printed. (然后，他通过Gigapixel AI提高了分辨率，最终打印出了图像。)”可以看出，他的作品是通过他和两种人工智能一起合作而成，即cooperative“合作的，协作的”。故选A项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Still, he sticks by his decision to award it first place. “I think the AI technology may give more opportunities to people who may not find themselves artists in the conventional way, ” he said. (尽管如此，他还是坚持自己的决定，将其评为第一名。他说：“我认为人工智能技术可能会给那些可能不会以传统方式成为艺术家的人更多机会。”)”可推测，在这位评委看来，人工智能给艺术和艺术家提供了更多机会，换言之，可能打开艺术新世界的大门。故选D项。
31．主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Allen’s award-winning image has led to debates about what, exactly, it means to be an artist and whether AI can truly make art. (艾伦获奖的形象引发了关于成为艺术家到底意味着什么，以及人工智能能否真正创造艺术的争论。)”；第四段第一句“Allen is glad the debate over whether AI can be used to make art is attracting so much attention. (艾伦很高兴关于人工智能是否可以用来制造艺术的争论吸引了如此多的关注。)”以及最后一段最后一句“Still, he sticks by his decision to award it first place. “I think the AI technology may give more opportunities to people who may not find themselves artists in the conventional way, ” he said. (尽管如此，他还是坚持自己的决定，将其评为第一名。他说：“我认为人工智能技术可能会给那些可能不会以传统方式成为艺术家的人更多机会。”)”可知，本文主要呈现的是这幅在人工智能帮助下完成的艺术作品获奖后，引起的的辩论，即不同人对此不同的回应。故选C项。
32．B    33．A    34．B    35．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了红狼的数量减少，导致基因变异消失。对此人们采取将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 1980 their wild relatives were declared extinct — the caught wolves were all that was left and thus lots of genetic variation was lost.(1980年，它们的野生近亲被宣布灭绝——只剩下被捕获的狼，因此许多基因变异消失了)”可知，红狼的很多基因变异消失是因为数量有限。故选B。
33．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“for all wolves decreased in amount dramatically, especially the red wolves”可知，因为所有狼的数量都急剧减少，特别是红狼，所以他们认为这项工作在科学和保护方面是失败。故画线词意思是“失败”。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“As red wolves are released back into the wild, reproducing with these coyotes could help the critically endangered species regain some of its genetic diversity.(随着红狼被放归野外，与这些土狼繁殖可以帮助这种极度濒危的物种恢复一些基因多样性)”可推知，Brzeski对将红狼放归野外是支持态度。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。根据第二段“To conserve the species, 14 individuals were caught as part of a reproducing program. In 1980 their wild relatives were declared extinct — the caught wolves were all that was left and thus lots of genetic variation was lost. You can’t help it when you have so few founders.(为了保护这个物种，作为繁殖计划的一部分，14只个体被捕获。1980年，它们的野生近亲被宣布灭绝——只剩下被捕获的狼，因此许多基因变异消失了。创始狼这么少，你也没办法)”和倒数第三段“Remember: when a population is dying out, it might find the closest related species as their own best mate, so a red wolf and a coyote can have offspring. As a result, people can rediscover their genes in their coyote hybrid offspring. As red wolves are released back into the wild, reproducing with these coyotes could help the critically endangered species regain some of its genetic diversity.(记住：当一个种群灭绝时，它可能会找到亲缘关系最近的物种作为自己的最佳配偶，这样红狼和郊狼就可以有后代了。因此，人们可以在他们的郊狼杂交后代身上重新发现他们的基因。随着红狼被放归野外，与这些郊狼一起繁殖可能有助于这种极度濒危的物种重新获得一些基因多样性)”结合文章主要说明了红狼的数量减少，导致基因变异消失。对此人们采取将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。可知，A选项“一个拯救红狼的有希望的方法”最符合文章标题。故选A。
36．D    37．F    38．B    39．G    40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了导致我们失去动力的常见原因以及如何去分别克服它们。
36．根据第一段的前两句“Every New Year, thousands decide they're going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous.（每年的新年，成千上万的人决定要改变他们的生活，但实际上只有不到10%的人坚持自己的计划。）”可知，本段在说明多数人难以坚持自己的计划。根据设空处的下一段的第一句“Not aiming high enough.（目标不够高）”可知，文章接下来是说明原因。故D项“下面你会发现一些导致你失去动力的常见原因”符合题意。故选D项。
37．根据设空的前一句“If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest.（如果你制定的目标太过容易实现，你会感到无聊，失去兴趣。）”可知，本段在讲述目标过低的情况。F项“理想情况下，你需要在督促自己和设定现实目标之间取得平衡”与空前一句联系紧密，并与下文中的 “push yourself（推动自己）”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
38．根据文章的结构可知，此空位于段首，应是主题句。根据下文中的“worrying about（担忧）”和段中多次提到的“What if（假若……怎么办）”可知，本段介绍的是不确定的情况，故B项“对未来不确定”符合语境。故选B项。
39．根据设空前一句“If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life.（如果你在设立愿景方面有困难，那么你就有可能在生活中漫无目的。）”和设空后一句“You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, " What would my ideal life look like?"（你可以通过问自己“我的理想生活是什么样子的？”来开始探索你的人生目标）”可推断，空处是过渡句，承上启下。G项“然而，当你找到自己的目标和激情时，你就会被驱使着去追求卓越” 中的“purpose（目标）”与设空后的“life purpose（人生目标）”相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。
40．根据设空前一句“You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don't learn how to manage your fears.（如果你不学会控制自己的恐惧，你将会错过生活中的机会。）”和设空后一句“One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear.（管理恐惧的一种方法是寻找恐惧的根源。）”可推知，设空处应是关于管理或克服恐惧的内容，故选C项“幸运的是，恐惧是可以克服的”符合上下文语境。故选C项。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
41．C    42．C    43．A    44．B    45．A    46．D    47．A    48．B    49．B    50．B   
 51．D    52．D    53．A    54．D    55．C    56．C    57．D    58．B    59．C    60．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了高情商的人是如何在面对困境时让自己变得冷静下来并应付这种局面的。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说的话和做的事都可以扭转局面，并让周围的人们羡慕他们的这种天赋。A. move移动；B. take拿；C. turn转变；D. show展示。根据前文“We often see people with high EQ in our life or on TV, who are able to take things easy when things are difficult.”可知，那些高情商的人能让困难的事情变得简单化。也就是说他们能扭转局面，turn things around表示扭转局面，符合题意。故选C项。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们说的话和做的事都可以扭转局面，并让周围的人们羡慕他们的这种天赋。A. seek寻找；B. permit允许；C. admire羡慕，钦佩；D. lose失去。根据前文“The words they say and the actions they take can always 1 things around”可知，他们可以扭转不好的局面，这是让别人羡慕的事情。故选C项。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：是什么让他们变得如此优秀的呢？A. brilliant优秀的；B. eager渴望的；C. proud自豪的；D. ashamed惭愧的。根据下文“In addition to the ability to change things very quickly, of course, it is 4 attitude that gives them enough energy to 5 the best solutions”可知，他们应对事情的速度和态度让他们有了最好的解决办法。从而可以知道这些人很优秀。故选A项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，除了能够很快改变事情之外，冷静的态度给了他们足够的精力来思考最好的解决方案，给旁观者留下了温和的形象，并树立了良好的声誉。A. critical批评的；B. calm冷静的；C. cautious小心的；D. careful仔细的。根据下文“So how do you make yourself remain calm?”可知，我们需要让自己变得冷静下来，所以那些高情商的人面对事情的态度是冷静的，我们也需要如此。故选B项。
45．考查固定短语。句意：当然，除了能够很快改变事情之外，冷静的态度给了他们足够的精力来思考最好的解决方案，给旁观者留下了温和的形象，并树立了良好的声誉。A. think about想出；B. take up从事；C. speak out大声说出；D. fade away逐渐消失。根据前文“it is 4 attitude that gives them enough energy”可知，冷静的态度让他们有了足够的精力，从而就能想出好的解决办法。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，除了能够很快改变事情之外，冷静的态度给了他们足够的精力来思考最好的解决方案，给旁观者留下了温和的形象，并树立了良好的声誉。A. appreciate欣赏；B. witness目睹；C. draw吸引；D. leave留下。根据后文“set up a good reputation”可知，他们给旁观者树立了好的名誉，同时留下了好的形象。D项符合题意。故选D项。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人的反应方式有两种。A. reaction反应；B. solution解决办法；C. attitude态度；D. appearance外表。根据下文“One is the stimulus (刺激)reaction, the other is the thinking reaction.”可知，一种是刺激反应，另一种是思考反应。下面的两种反应方式就是这里的两种反应方式。故选A项。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：前者是基于情况做出的直接快速的反应，不经过大脑。A. confused困惑的；B. conditioned根据情况的；C. supposed应当的；D. reported报道的。根据下文“and does not 9 through the brain.”可知，这种反应是不经过大脑的反应方式，也就是根据情况立马做出的反应。故选B项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：前者是基于情况做出的直接快速的反应，不经过大脑。A. lead引导；B. go去；C. hear 听；D. drive开车。go through表示经过，通过，这里表示事情不经过大脑就做出反应，符合题意。故选B项。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你突然碰到了烫的东西，你会立马缩手。A. receive接受；B. withdraw收回，撤离；C. cut切；D. hold抓住。突然碰到烫的东西我们会缩手，这是本能反应。故选B项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在脚下看到了一条蛇，你会立马跳开。A. cover覆盖；B. kill杀死；C. eat吃；D. see看见。根据下文“you will immediately 12 away.”可知，我们会立刻走开，因为脚下看到了蛇。D项符合题意。故选D项。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在脚下看到了一条蛇，你会立马跳开。A. put放下；B. give给予；C. boil沸腾；D. jump跳跃。根据前文“If you 11 snake under your feet”可知，脚下看到了蛇，肯定要走开，这是人的正常反应。故选D项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据定义，思考反应是考虑之后再采取行动。A. definition定义；B. tradition传统；C. observation观察；D. consideration考虑。by defination为固定短语，表示根据定义，a thinking reaction字面意思就是考虑后再行动，符合题意。故选A项。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：思考反应是考虑之后再采取行动。A. exploration探索；B. imagination想象；C. observation观察；D. observation观察。“is an action taken after”是解释主语 A thinking reaction，字面意思为思考反应，D项consideration表示考虑，跟主语意思一致。故选D项。
55．考查固定短语。句意：这些行为都是根据我们的观点做出的。A. drop out退学；B. try out实验；C. carry out执行，实施；D. leave out省去。上文“A thinking reaction, by is an action taken after”中的take action和C选项中的 carry out都表示做出这一行为。故选C项。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些都是刺激反应的结果。A. cause原因；B. source来源；C. result结果；D. resource资源。前文“However, anger, tension, worry, fear”（生气、紧张、担心和恐惧）都是刺激反应的结果，即前者是后者造成的结果。故选C项。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：情绪控制的理念本质上就是对一件事情的反应态度,把直接反应转换成思考反应，考量并把它以自己喜欢的方式表达出来。A. function功能；B. degree程度；C. effect效果；D. idea理念。根据下文“it is possible to 20 emotions from stimulus to thinking reflection.”可知，只有明白了这个道理……。这里logic和ideal是同一个意思，表示理念，逻辑。故选D项。
58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：情绪控制的理念本质上就是对一件事情的反应态度,把直接反应转换成思考反应，考量并把它以自己喜欢的方式表达出来。A. developing发展；B. transforming转换；C. fighting斗争；D. testing测试。根据下文“weighing it and then it in the way that you want.”（考量它并改成自己喜欢的方式）可知，要把直接理念转为思考理念。故选B项。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：情绪控制的理念本质上就是对一件事情的反应态度,把直接反应转换成思考反应，考量并把它以自己喜欢的方式表达出来。A. hesitating犹豫；B. forecasting预测；C. expressing表达；D. correcting纠正。考量这个问题后要以自己的方式表达出来。故选C项。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有理解了这个逻辑才能把情绪从刺激反应控制为思考反应。A. control控制；B. share分享；C. explain解释；D. remember记住。从刺激反应到思考反应是因为控制了情绪。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
61. unexpectedly 62. among 63. more 64. that 65. to relax
66. is equipped 67. elements 6 8. a 69. which 70. inspiring
第四部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
1.在brought前加been 2.after→since 3.were→are 4.late→later5.could→can
6.another→other 7.what→which 8.去掉but9.undertaking→undertaken10.the→a
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国的嫦娥5号在2020年12月17日成功地将月球岩石和尘埃样本带回地球，并介绍了该样本的意义和嫦娥登月计划的下一步计划。
【详解】1.考查被动语态。句意：这是继1976年苏联的Luna-24任务之后，4年来首次将月球岩石带回地球。谓语动词bring意为“带来”，和主语moon rocks构成被动关系，所以应用被动语态。故在brought前加been。
2.考查介词。句意：这是继1976年苏联的Luna-24任务之后，4年来首次将月球岩石带回地球。句子使用现在完成时，所以应用介词since表示“自从”。故将after改为since。
3.考查一般现在时。句意：据估计，阿波罗时代的月球岩石大约有30到40亿年的历史，而嫦娥五号收集的材料来自月球近侧西北地区的一个地点。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。
4.考查副词。句意：这个地区形成较晚，这里的岩石被认为只有大约12亿年的历史。根据“and the rocks here are thought to be only about 1.2 billion years old”可知，此处是指这个地区形成较晚，所以应用副词later表示“较晚”。故将late改为later。
5.考查一般现在时。句意：这意味着科学家可以更多地了解月球的演化，并测试出估算其他行星和卫星地质样本年龄的新技术。根据“That means”可知，此处应用一般现在时。故将could改为can。
6.考查形容词。句意：这意味着科学家可以更多地了解月球的演化，并测试出估算其他行星和卫星地质样本年龄的新技术。“planets and moons”为复数，所以应用形容词other表示“其它的”。故将another改为other。
7.考查定语从句。句意：包括在月球表面着陆两辆月球车在内的“嫦娥”探月计划取得了显著成功。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Chang’e lunar program，所以应用关系代词which。故将what改为which。
8.考查连词。句意：虽然嫦娥五号的任务很短，但它是中国太空计划迄今为止最复杂的项目之一。此处已有连词although引导让步状语从句，构成主从复合句，所以不能再用并列连词but连接两个句子。故去掉but。
9.考查过去分词。句意：虽然嫦娥五号的任务很短，但它是中国太空计划迄今为止最复杂的项目之一。undertake意为“从事”，是非谓语动词，和逻辑主语projects构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故将undertaking改为undertaken。
10.考查冠词。句意：中国对月球的研究还远远没有结束——第二次月球样本返回的嫦娥6号计划于2023年或2024年发射。return意为“返回”，为可数名词，此处作同位语为第一次出现，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指。故将the改为a。
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
Dear Emma,
Thank you for inviting me to do a video speech for the Culture Column of the Z Era International Youth Talk Program.
Referring to the topic, I’d like to talk about the generation gap. It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones. I will discuss the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
If you have any requirements, please contact me. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给“Z世代国际青年说(Voice Z)”节目联络人Emma写一封信商讨为其“文化”板块录制一个演讲视频，表示感谢并告知演讲话题和说明原因。
【详解】1.词汇积累
谈及：refer to→ in terms of
引起：result in→ cause
谈论：talk about→ discuss
介绍：recommend→ introduce
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways to solve it.
拓展句：I will talk about the harm of it and recommend some ways that people can use to solve it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It is a common phenomenon exiting everywhere between parents and children, which results in misunderstandings between loved ones.（运用了现在分词短语作定语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】If you have any requirements, please contact me.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）