2023年浙江省宁波市余姚市中考一模英语试题（含答案）

这是一份2023年浙江省宁波市余姚市中考一模英语试题（含答案），共18页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读单选，阅读匹配，根据汉语提示填空，短文选词填空，语法填空，材料作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年浙江省宁波市余姚市中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、完形填空
Alena Wicker is a black girl and she is just like other 13-year-olds who have many hobbies in their free time. She __1__ singing, going to the movies, cooking and hanging out with her friends. But very much unlike other teenagers, she is now studying biological sciences at university. Last May, Alena was __2__ by a medical university. As a teenager, she is much __3__ than the other incoming university students.
Alena has had a strong __4__ in STEM-science, technology, engineering and math from an early age. She reads a lot of books on them, and she is always greatly thirsty for __5__. When she was in fifth grade, the girl started to __6__ high school-level courses online after school. “Taking extra classes is more of a __7__ than a pain.” Alena said, “I really enjoy myself through these classes.”Learning new skills is very __8__ for her and just like a walk in the park.
But you are wrong __9__ you think Alena is just a bookworm (书虫). Besides schoolwork, the girl has ___10___ the “Brown STEM Girls” program. These days, a small number of women work in science and engineering in the U.S. ___11___, women make up only 28 percent among this kind of working people, not to mention women of color. Alena wants to ___12___ this. Through “Brown STEM Girls”, She tries to create a path to success for all girls like ___13___.
As one of Alena’s teachers said, what really makes the girl different from the other teenagers is not her brain but her ___14___. Alena always wants to help and encourage others. She wants to prove that someone’s age should ___15___ stop his or her success. “You’re not too young to do anything.” She said,“You can achieve anything as long as you believe yourself.”
1．A．finishes B．enjoys C．keeps D．minds
2．A．accepted B．helped C．invited D．examined
3．A．older B．healthier C．fatter D．younger
4．A．wish B．sense C．interest D．feeling
5．A．time B．future C．success D．knowledge
6．A．get B．stop C．attend D．improve
7．A．risk B．duty C．chance D．pleasure
8．A．easy B．useful C．difficult D．important
9．A．if B．so C．and D．because
10．A．found out B．taken up C．looked for D．talked about
11．A．Exactly B．Finally C．Luckily D．Suddenly
12．A．show B．prove C．follow D．change
13．A．us B．him C．her D．them
14．A．heart B．head C．life D．style
15．A．always B．never C．usually D．sometimes


二、阅读单选
The Hong Kong Palace Museum
We have more than 900 treasures from the Palace Museum. Many of them are on show in Hong Kong for the first time. Others have never been shown to the public before. Come and enjoy in our museum!
Special exhibitions
Hall 8
The Making of Works:Chinese Paining and Calligraphy(书法)
Hall 9
Grand Gallop (驰骋)：Art and Culture of the Horse
Ticket information                      Opening hours
General Admission Ticket               Monday, Wednesday, Thursday and Sunday
[Hall 1 to Hall7] HK$ (港元) 50                    (10 a.m. to 6 p.m.)
Special Exhibition Ticket                Friday, Saturday and public holidays
[Hall 1 to Hall 9] HK$120                        (10 a.m. to 8 p.m.)
Please contact us by visiting our Plan your visit page or call (852)2200 0217 for more information.
16．The text is probably a/an ________.
A．ad B．letter C．report D．speech
17．You can ________ to find out more information about Hong Kong Palace Museum.
A．write a letter B．send an email
C．visit their website D．ask the museum director
18．From the passage above, we can know that ________.
A．all of the treasures are on show in Hong Kong for the first time
B．there are special exhibitions in Hall 8 and Hall 9 in the museum
C．people can visit the museum from 10 a.m. to 8 p.m.on weekends
D．You must pay HK$50 for a special exhibition ticket in the museum

Since I moved into my new neighborhood, I have been lucky enough to meet some very friendly neighbors. For New Year, I thought I would do something nice for them. I sat down and counted. There were nine neighbors whom I knew very well. I wrote down their names on a list.
I decided to add one more person to my list for a total of ten: a lady I saw every morning. She always gave me a sweet smile and a warm wave when we met on the street. But I had no idea what her name was and was not even sure which house she lived in.
My gift idea was to make small fruit baskets and leave them on each of my neighbors’ front porches (前廊) or doorsteps on New Year’s Eve. Each basket had a card with my wish and my address. I finally put the last basket in front of a house on the street where I met the friendly lady every morning and felt quite sure that it was hers.
A month later, I found a small note in my mailbox. I opened it and took out a thank-you card. I opened the card and read the message. The card said, “Thank you for the lovely fruit basket you left on the porch of Richard Kelly. Richard Kelly has just passed away. In the last days of his life, he never stopped talking about how nice it was that someone could remember a sick man like him. He was really thankful about it.”
I was quite surprised but also very moved. I didn’t know who Richard Kelly was or that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice lady’s basket on Mr. Kelly’s porch by accident. I hate that the nice lady didn’t receive my fruit basket, but I believe she would be pleased if she knew what happened.
I feel blessed (有幸的) to have helped Richard Kelly’s last days with a little happiness.
19．How many neighbors in total were listed by the writer?
A．One B．Nine. C．Ten. D．Eleven.
20．The best meaning for the underlined word “wave” in Paragraph 2 is________.
A．a move with your hand from side to side
B．a form of energy like light and sound travel
C．a feeling or activity that happens again and again at a time
D．a line of raised water that moves across the surface of the sea
21．According to the passage, the right order of the following is ________.
a. I found a thank-you note to me in the mailbox
b. I always met a lady on the street in the morning
c. I added one more person to the list of gift-sending
d. I left the nice lady’s basket on Mr Kelly’s porch by accident
A．b-c-d-a B．b-c-a-d C．c-b-d-a D．c-a-b-d
22．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．A friendly lady B．A fruit basket
C．A new neighborhood D．A beautiful mistake

What will you do for our planet this World Environment Day on June 5? Will you try to cut down on waste by collecting recyclable things, or help others realize the importance of protecting environment?
Su Yige, a vlogger (视频博主) on Bilibili, does these things in her daily life. And for her, every day is World Environment Day. Su always takes her own bag when she goes shopping. Most of the furniture (家具) in her Shanghai home was bought from second-hand stores. And whenever she goes out to eat, she will use her own chopsticks from a plastic box instead of one-off chopsticks. Since her fans wonder how she has developed these habits, Su says these all come from her family. Although they have little “green” knowledge, her parents live a green life. Nothing can be thrown away as long as it can still be used.
Su hated to see plenty of waste that people around her created every day. She used to believe Westerners cared more about environmental protection. However, she was then shocked to see mountains of food waste outside the supermarkets in Canada seven years ago. From then on, she decided to “step in” and started an environment vlog, though she was a student at that time.
Su sets a good example to others. On Bilibili, she shares her love for old things and exchange tips with her fans. She also teaches people to make eco-friendly things, such as natural washing powder (粉). Her videos have received up to 95,000 likes. She has made many young people reexamine their lifestyles. Ding Nan from Fujian province, for example, has said goodbye to all bottled drinks and has been carrying a reusable plastic box with her wherever she goes. Su wants people to know that a greener life can be enjoyable once they get used to it.
Will you start to do something for our planet today—even though it is not World Environment Day?
23．Which of the following thing that Su Yige bought may be second-hand?
A．Her shopping bag. B．Her plastic box.
C．Her furniture at home. D．Her chopsticks used outside.
24．What does the underlined word “they” refer to?
A．Su Yige’s parents. B．Western people.
C．Su Yige’s fans. D．Vloggers on Bilibili.
25．In paragraph 3, it mainly talks about ________.
A．where Su studied seven years ago
B．why Su became an environmental vlogger
C．what Su saw out of a supermarket in Canada
D．how Su felt when people around her created waste
26．From the passage, we can judge that Su Yige has great ________ on many young people.
A．influence B．courage C．kindness D．creativity

①Morning or night? Which time of day do you enjoy the most and have the most energy? Whichever one you prefer, there is a name for you.
②Early birds or morning larks (云雀), as you can guess, are morning people. They are more active in the morning and are happy to greet the day. Because they rise early, they lose energy in the late afternoon. Therefore, morning larks are likely to sleep early. As most of society runs in the daytime, morning larks are seen as hard-working people. As the saying goes: “_________.”
③Night owls (猫头鹰) are the opposite of morning larks. These people have the least energy in the morning. They would rather get a few more hours of sleep than rise with the sun. But actually, night owls get more active in the late evening hours. They become creative and come up with good ideas easily in the moonlight. It’s no surprise that they can stay up well into the night.
④For some night owls, they wish to rise earlier. If you are one of them, here are suggestions to help you catch that worm (虫子).
⑤First, start with a 15-minute change. You can go to bed 15 minutes earlier than usual and wake up that much earlier as well. Keep the way going until you find yourself rising with the sun.
⑥Second, keep rising early every day. To make the change from owl to lark, you need to make it a habit to get up early. Don’t work hard to rise early during the week only to sleep late on weekends. Set a time to wake up, and do it every day.
⑦All birds are created equal, and we can’t tell which kind of bird is good. It’s up to you to work in the early morning or late at night. The most important thing is to keep on your living habit and make your life best.
27．Compare with “early larks”, “night owls” are ________ in the morning.
A．likely to get up early
B．happy and full of energy
C．creative and can easily get good ideas
D．more active at night but less creative
28．The best saying that can be put into the blank is “________”.
A．A bird is known by its note
B．Kill two birds with one stone
C．The early bird catches the worm
D．Each bird loves to hear himself sing
29．We can see that the right structure of the passage is ________.
A．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ B．①②③/④/⑤⑥⑦
C．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦ D．①②/③④⑤⑥/⑦
30．What is the writer’s view about “early larks” and “night owls”?
A．“Early larks” are more welcomed than “night owls”.
B．“Early larks” are more hard-working than “night owls”.
C．You’d better change your lifestyle if you are “night owls”.
D．The living habit that fits you is the best no matter which you are.


三、阅读匹配
下面是杂志上有关如何使用“防丢神器”AirTag找到丢失物品的说明。请根据图片所示步骤与相关描述(A-F)进行匹配。选项中有一项为多余选项。

31．___________
32．___________
33．___________
34．___________
35．___________
A．Choose the lost thing you want in a list through “Items”.
B．Use “play sound” button to help you to find what you want.
C．Click the “Find” button to look for the lost thing with AirTag.
D．Press “X” to exit the finding page when you find the lost thing.
E．Open the Find My app on an iPhone and connect with AirTags.
F．You can be shown where to go and how far away from your AirTag.


四、根据汉语提示填空
36．Amy Hayes lives in a house that she built ________（她自己）out of rubbish.
37．You should do more sports if you want to be ________（瘦的）and healthier.
38．More and more users have tried out ChatGPT since it was ________ (创造).
39．Qatar is a small country which lies in the ________ (沙漠) of the Middle East.
40．Good students can get into a good habit of using their time ________ (明智地).
41．Wearing masks is ________ (有帮助的) for you to keep away from H1N1 flue.
42．The director James Camero spent ten years in ________ (出产) the movie Avatar 2.
43．________ (千) of buildings fell down in Turkey because of the serious earthquake.
44．It’s a good way for us to ________ (发展) our independence through the camp.
45．Lu Hong was honored for his great ________ (意志) in “Touching China 2022”.

五、短文选词填空
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使对话通顺、正确。每词仅用一次（每空一词）。
feel   know   too   surprise   normal
Dogs have a great sense of smell. We have ____46____ this for a long time. They are trained to look for missing people or something dangerous. But a new finding says that dogs can smell stress, ____47____!How can dogs tell the difference between a relaxed person and a person who ____48____ stressed? Scientists don’t know yet, but they have a good guess: people might give off a special smell with their sharp noses.
Life isn’t easy for any of us, so it’s ____49____ for us to feel blue sometimes. The next time you feel this way, don’t be ____50____ to find that your dog can also tell this. After all, dogs are man’s best friends.


六、语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中单词的正确形式填空。
Pulling Out (拔掉) “Young Trees”
Once upon a time, there was a boy named Jack. He had many bad ___51___ (habit). One day, his teacher, an old man, ___52___ (take) the boy to his garden. There were many different plants in the garden. The teacher pointed to ___53___ small plant and told Jack to pull it out of the earth. The boy ___54___ (easy) did so.
Next, the old man asked Jack ___55___ (do) the same with another plant. This plant was a little bigger ___56___ the first one. Then, the teacher continued to have the boy pull out several plants which were even bigger. Jack began to have difficulty ___57___ pulling them out. At one point, he tried his best, but could not do with these large plants.“It’s ___58___ (possible) for me to finish the work,” he said out of breath.
The old man smiled and said,“You see, it’s very easy to pull out young plants. ___59___ it’s difficult to pull out large ones. When you are young, bad habits are also easy to get out of. As you grow up, the bad habits will become stronger and much ___60___ (hard) to“pull out”.
Finally, Jack understood the meaning of this lesson and began to change his lifestyle.


七、材料作文
61．疫情过后，人们恢复自由出行。假如你是李华，班级里开展了主题为“Fun in the Winter Vacation”的活动。请根据图表信息谈谈去年的寒假生活，介绍班级同学的外出活动和自身经历，写一篇英语短文向学校“英语之声”投稿。
注意：
(1) 短文内容必须包括以下图表所有要点，并适当发挥；
(2) 文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；
(3) 词数100字左右；标题已给出，不计入总词数。

Fun in the Winter Vacation
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________


参考答案：

1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了13岁的天才女孩——Alena Wicker。
1．句意：她喜欢唱歌、看电影、做饭和和朋友出去闲逛。
finishes完成；enjoys喜欢；keeps保持；minds头脑。根据“just like other 13-year-olds who have many hobbies in their free time”可知，Alena Wicker喜欢唱歌、看电影、做饭和和朋友出去闲逛。故选B。
2．句意：去年5月，Alena被一所医科大学录取。
accepted接受；helped帮助；invited邀请；examined检查。根据“she is now studying biological sciences at university”可知，Alena被一所医科大学录取。故选A。
3．句意：作为一个青少年，她比其他即将进入大学的学生要年轻得多。
older年龄更大的；healthier更健康的；fatter更胖的；younger更年轻的。根据“she is just like other 13-year-olds”以及“As a teenager”可知，Alena比其他即将进入大学的学生要年轻得多。故选D。
4．句意：Alena从小就对STEM科学、技术、工程和数学有着浓厚的兴趣。
wish希望；sense感觉；interest兴趣；feeling感受。根据“She reads a lot of books on them”可知，Alena对那些学科有着浓厚的兴趣。故选C。
5．句意：她读了很多关于那些学科的书，她总是非常渴望知识。
time时间；future将来；success成功；knowledge知识。根据“When she was in fifth grade, the girl started to...high school-level courses online after school.”可知，Alena总是非常渴望知识。故选D。
6．句意：五年级时，Alena开始在放学后参加高中水平的在线课程。
get得到；stop停止；attend参加；improve提高。根据“Taking extra classes is more of a ...than a pain.” Alena said, “I really enjoy myself through these classes.”可知，Alena在放学后参加高中水平的在线课程。故选C。
7．句意：Alena说：“补课是一种乐趣，而不是痛苦。我真的很享受这些课程。”
risk风险；duty责任；chance机会；pleasure乐趣。根据“I really enjoy myself through these classes.”可知，Alena认为补课是一种乐趣，而不是痛苦。故选D。
8．句意：学习新技能对她来说很容易，就像在公园里散步一样。
easy容易的；useful有用的；difficult困难的；important重要的。根据“ just like a walk in the park”可知，学习新技能对她来说很容易，故选A。
9．句意：但如果你认为Alena只是个书呆子，那你就错了。
“you think Alena is just a bookworm (书虫)”是“you are wrong”的一个条件，因此空处要用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。
10．句意：除了学业，这个女孩还谈到了“Brown STEM Girls”计划。
found out查明；taken up从事；looked for寻找；talked about谈论。根据“Through ‘Brown STEM Girls’, She tries to create a path to success for all girls”可知，Alena还谈到了“Brown STEM Girls”计划。故选D。
11．句意：如今，在美国从事科学和工程工作的女性很少。确切地说，在这类工作人群中，女性只占28%，更不用说有色人种的女性了。
Exactly确切地；Finally最终；Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然。根据“a small number of women”以及“women make up only 28 percent”可知，此处指确切地说。故选A。
12．句意：Alena想改变这一点。
show展示；prove证明；follow跟着；change改变。根据“Through ‘Brown STEM Girls’, She tries to create a path to success for all girls”可知，Alena想改变这一点。故选D。
13．句意：通过“Brown STEM Girls”，她试图为所有像她一样的女孩创造一条成功之路。
us我们；him他；her她；them他们。根据语境可知，Alena试图为所有像她一样的女孩创造一条成功之路。故选C。
14．句意：正如Alena的一位老师所说，真正让这个女孩与其他青少年不同的不是她的大脑，而是她的心。
heart心；head头；life生活；style样式。根据“Alena always wants to help and encourage others.”可知，Alena与众不同的是她的心。故选A。
15．句意：她想证明一个人的年龄不应该阻止他或她的成功。
always总是；never从不；usually通常；sometimes有时。根据“You’re not too young to do anything.” She said,“You can achieve anything as long as you believe yourself.”可知，她想证明一个人的年龄不应该阻止他或她的成功。故选B。
16．A 17．C 18．B

【导语】本文主要介绍了香港故宫博物院的一些特殊的展览，详细介绍了展览的内容、购票信息以及开放时间等。
16．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了香港故宫博物院的一些特殊的展览，详细介绍了展览的内容、购票信息以及开放时间等，所以本文可能是一个广告。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Please contact us by visiting our Plan your visit page or call (852)2200 0217 for more information.”可知可以访问他们的网站，了解更多有关香港故宫博物院的信息。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Special exhibitions...”可知博物馆的8号馆和9号馆有特别展览。故选B。
19．C 20．A 21．A 22．D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者无心的一个错误，却给一位即将去世的老人带来温暖的故事。
19．细节理解题。根据“There were nine neighbors whom I knew very well. I wrote down their names on a list.”以及“I decided to add one more person to my list for a total of ten”可知，作者总共列出了10个邻居。故选C。
20．词义猜测题。根据“She always gave me a sweet smile and a warm wave when we met on the street.”可推测，wave是打招呼之类的。结合备选项可知，A项“用手左右移动”，即挥手符合题意。故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“I decided to add one more person to my list for a total of ten”以及“a lady I saw every morning. She always gave me a sweet smile and a warm wave when we met on the street”可知作者决定在我的名单上再加一个人，给那位在街上相遇时，总是对作者报以甜蜜的微笑和温暖的挥手，由此可知b发生在所有事情之前，排除CD；根据“I finally put the last basket in front of a house on the street”以及“A month later, I found a small note in my mailbox. I opened it and took out a thank-you card”可知作者是先错把最后一个篮子放在了Kelly先生的门前，一个月后收到了感谢信，即d排在a前，排除B。故选A。
22．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了作者无心的一个错误，却给一位即将去世的老人带来温暖的故事。因此A beautiful mistake“一个美丽的错误”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。
23．C 24．A 25．B 26．A

【导语】本文主要讲述视频博主苏一格关注环保。她用自身的行动影响着身边的人，带着大家一起为我们保护这个星球做些事情。
23．细节理解题。根据“Most of the furniture (家具) in her Shanghai home was bought from second-hand stores”可知，她的家具大多是二手的。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据“Su says these all come from her family”；“Although they have little ‘green’ knowledge, her parents live a green life.”可知，她的习惯来自于她的家庭。从句的中的“they”代指主句的主语“her parents”。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据“From then on, she decided to ‘step in’ and started an environment vlog, though she was a student at that time.”戒指，本段主要讲述的的是她为什么会成为环保的视频博主。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据“Her videos have received up to 95, 000 likes. She has made many young people reexamine their lifestyles.”可知，她有很多的喜欢她的人，并使年轻人重新检查自己的生活方式，所以对年轻人有很大的影响力。故选A。
27．D 28．C 29．C 30．D

【导语】本文主要介绍了“早起的鸟”和“夜猫子”的特点，并给出了“夜猫子”早起的一些建议。
27．细节理解题。根据“But actually, night owls get more active in the late evening hours. They become creative and come up with good ideas easily in the moonlight.”可知，“夜猫子”在晚上更加活跃，更富有创造性，在早上缺乏创造性。故选D。
28．推理判断题。根据“As most of society runs in the daytime, morning larks are seen as hard-working people.”可知，勤奋的人们可以得到好的回报，他们被看作是“早起的鸟”，所以此处使用“The early bird catches the worm”，意为“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”。故选C。
29．篇章结构题。第一段至第三段主要介绍了“早起的鸟”和“夜猫子”的特点；第四段至第六段主要介绍了帮助“夜猫子”早起的一些建议；第七段总结全文，无论是“早起的鸟”还是“夜猫子”，都要保持自己的生活习惯，让自己的生活更好。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“All birds are created equal, and we can’t tell which kind of bird is good.”和“The most important thing is to keep on your living habit and make your life best.”可知，无论你是“早起的鸟”还是“夜猫子”，你都要保持自己的生活习惯，即：适合自己的生活习惯就是最好的。故选D。
31．E 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．F

【导语】本文主要介绍了如何用“防丢神器”AirTag找到丢失的物品。
31．由图片1中“Find My”知，第一步是打开“Find My”这个app，E项“打开iPhone上的‘Find My’应用程序，连接AirTags”符合，故选E。
32．由图片2中“Items”知，此处是说通过“Items”在列表中选择丢失的物品，A项“通过‘Items’在列表中选择你想要的丢失物品”符合，故选A。
33．由图片3中“Find”和“Near by”知，此处是说点击“寻找”按钮，寻找丢失的东西，C项“点击‘寻找’按钮，用AirTag寻找丢失的东西”符合，故选C。
34．由图片4中“1m ahead”知，此处是说它会引领你找到丢失的东西，F项“它会告诉你该去哪里，以及离你的AirTag有多远”符合，故选F。
35．由图片5中“here”知，此处是说找到丢失的物品，D项“找到丢失物品后，按‘X’键退出寻找页面”符合，故选D。
36．herself
【详解】句意：Amy Hayes住在她自己用垃圾废品建造的房子里。“她自己”应用反身代词herself。故填herself。
37．thinner
【详解】句意：如果你想要更瘦更健康，你应该多做运动。“瘦的”是形容词thin，根据“and healthier”可知此处应用形容词thin的比较级thinner。故填thinner。
38．created
【详解】句意：自从 ChatGPT 被创造以来，越来越多的用户尝试使用它。creat“创造”，动词；根据“it was”可知，此处使用动词过去分词，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填created。
39．desert
【详解】句意：卡塔尔是一个位于中东沙漠中的小国。desert“沙漠”，名词，根据“in the...of the Middle East”可知，此处特指“中东沙漠”。故填desert。
40．wisely
【详解】句意：好学生可以养成明智利用时间的好习惯。wisely“明智地”，副词，修饰动词use。故填wisely。
41．helpful
【详解】句意：戴口罩有助于你远离禽流感病毒。根据句意和语境可知，本题考查“有助于”，表达为“be helpful”，故此处应填形容词作表语。故填helpful。
42．producing
【详解】句意：导演詹姆斯·卡麦隆花了十年时间制作电影《阿凡达2》。produce“出产”，spend time in doing sth“花时间做某事”，动名词作宾语，故填producing。
43．Thousands
【详解】句意：在土耳其，由于严重的地震，数以千计的建筑物倒塌了。thousand“千”，根据“of buildings”可知，此处是thousands of“数以千计的”。故填Thousands。
44．develop
【详解】句意：通过露营发展我们的独立性是一个很好的方式。由句意和语境可知，本题考查It’s a good way for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说，做某事是……”，develop“发展”，空处用动词原形。故填develop。
45．spirit
【详解】句意：《感动中国2022》表彰了陆鸿的伟大意志。意志“spirit”，作不可数名词，故填spirit。
46．known 47．too 48．feel 49．normal 50．surprised

【导语】本文介绍了狗能闻到压力。
46．句意：这一点我们早就知道了。分析句子可知本句是现在完成时，空处用过去分词，结合选词可知known“了解”符合语境，故填known。
47．句意：但一项新发现表明，狗也能闻到压力！根据“But a new finding says that dogs can smell stress,”结合选词可知是指狗也能闻到压力，too“也”符合语境，故填too。
48．句意：狗是如何分辨出一个放松的人和一个感到压力的人的呢？此空应填谓语动词，结合“stressed”结合选词可知是指感到压力，主语是“a relaxed person and a person”，动词用原形，故填feel。
49．句意：生活对我们每个人来说都不容易，所以有时感到忧郁是正常的。此空应填形容词作表语，结合选词可知有时感到忧郁是正常的，normal“正常的”，形容词，故填normal。
50．句意：下次你有这种感觉时，不要惊讶地发现你的狗也能告诉你。根据“The next time you feel this way, don’t be...to find that your dog can also tell this”结合选词可知是指不要惊讶，surprised“感到惊讶的”符合语境，故填surprised。

51．habits 52．took 53．a 54．easily 55．to do 56．than 57．in 58．impossible 59．But 60．harder

【导语】本文主要讲的是老师通过让杰克拔树的经历告诉他，要从小改掉不良习惯。
51．句意：他有很多坏习惯。many后接可数名词复数，habit当“习惯”讲时，是可数名词。故填habits。
52．句意：一天，他的老师，一位老人，把男孩带到他的花园。根据“Once upon a time”可知，文章讲述的是过去发生的事情，句子要用一般过去时。take的过去式是took。故填took。
53．句意：老师指着一株小植物，叫杰克把它从地里拔出来。根据语境可知，空处表示泛指，small是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
54．句意：男孩轻松地做到了。分析句子可知，空处要用副词做状语修饰动词did。easy的副词形式是easily。故填easily。
55．句意：接着，老师让杰克对另一棵植物做同样的处理。ask sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“叫某人做某事”。故填to do。
56．句意：这株植物比第一株稍微大一点。根据“This plant was a little bigger”以及“the first one”可知，此处是作比较。故填than。
57．句意：杰克开始很难把它们拔出来。根据语境以及句意可知，此处考查have difficulty in doing sth.“做某事有困难”。故填in。
58．句意：“我不可能完成这项工作。” 他上气不接下气地说。根据“At one point, he tried his best, but could not do with these large plants.”可知，此处指“我”不可能完成这项工作。要给possible加上表示否定意义的前缀im-。故填impossible。
59．句意：但要拔出大的是很困难的。“You see, it’s very easy to pull out young plants.”与“it’s difficult to pull out large ones”之间是转折关系，空处要用but，句首单词首字母要大写。故填But。
60．句意：随着你的成长，坏习惯会变得越来越强烈，越来越难以“戒除”。根据语境以及“stronger and much”可知，空处要用hard的比较级。故填harder。
61．例文
My classmates and I all had a lot of fun during the winter vacation last year, let me tell you about it.
My classmates made some plans. Some went to travel, some went to go to a restaurant for a delicious meal and some went to watch an interesting movie. I went sightseeing in Beijing with my parents because it is the capital of China. I visited the beautiful Tiananmen Square and the mysterious Forbidden City, and learnt about the rich Chinese culture there. I also tried different Chinese snacks.
I really enjoyed the winter vacation last year because it made me feel relaxed and opened my eyesight. I hope I can have a good time during my winter vacation next year too.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“提示信息”中“同学们去年寒假所做的事情：旅游，出去吃饭，看电影……；我去年寒假的旅行；我对去寒假的感受和未来寒假的期望”，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“去年寒假期间，我和我的同学都玩得很开心，让我告诉你这件事。”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“同学们去年寒假所做的事情，我去年寒假的旅行”重点介绍去年寒假的具体情况；
第三步，书写结语。表达“我希望明年的寒假也能过得愉快。”的强烈愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①go sightseeing去观光
②have a good time玩得愉快
[高分句型]
①I went sightseeing in Beijing with myparents because it is the capital of China.（because引导的原因状语从句）
②I hope I can have a good time during my winter vacation next year too.（省略that的宾语从句）