高考英语单项选择专项训练

这是一份高考英语单项选择专项训练，共19页。
单项选择
1．Some international passenger flights remain________until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus.
A．crashed B．conducted
C．suspended D．sustained
2．I will never forget the scene________you saw me off in tears at the station.
A．which B．why C．what D．where
3．The entertainment park________by the end of 2023 will attract visitors at home and abroad.
A．accomplished B．being accomplished
C．to be accomplished D．having been accomplished
4．You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching vides online.
A．when B．as C．whether D．once
5．While we seep, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours, ________ us to enter a virtual reality.
A．to allow B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed
6．When he finally raised the money for the violin, he returned to buy it but learned that it ________ to a collector.
A．was sold B．have been sold C．had been sold D．will have been sold
7．Faced with a declining population and workforce, Japan has been increasingly ________ robots for help.
A．turning to B．putting away C．taking up D．holding back
8．With eco-tourism ________, eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry.
A．under control B．on the rise
C．beyond description D．in the decline
9．A very popular thing to do on Boxing Day is to go shopping and ________ the sales.
A．keep pace with B．take advantage of
C．look forward to D．throw a light on
10．When I started my PhD and realized that I would need financial help, I ________ to the student advice office and told them that I was a carer.
A．would go B．had gone C．was going D．went
11．It’s reported that many wars broke out in the Middle East. What’s your of the situation there?
A．assessment B．adjustment C．appointment D．assistance
12．Many people believe we are heading for an environmental disaster ________ we basically change the way we live.
A．but B．though C．unless D．in case
13．—Do you know a new shopping mall opened in our town yesterday?
—Yes. Why don’t we pay a visit ______ we have time?
A．since B．though C．until D．unless
14．—Will you read me a story about Astronaut Yang Liwei, Mummy?
—OK. You ___________ have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
15．We should improve our ability to engage in international communication so as to tell China’s story well and make the voice of China ___________globally.
A．hearing B．heard C．having heard D．to hear
16．—Brenda bought a Huawei P60 cellphone last week.
—Oh, really? How I wish I could get ______ as well!
A．one B．it C．that D．another
17．Two Chinese astronauts headed outside the nation’s Tiangong space station on February 9, 2023 for  ________ seven-hour-long spacewalk, ________ first of the ongoing Shenzhou 15 mission.
A．a; the B．the; the C．a; a D．the; a
18．If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful ______ emergency.
A．in spite of B．on account of C．on the basis of D．in case of
19．A new device works like a solar panel, except that it doesn’t ______ energy from the sun.
A．consume B．harvest C．conserve D．generate
20．We have only twenty minutes left, so please get to the point and don’t say anything that isn’t ______ to our problem.
A．relevant B．ambitious C．precious D．prosperous
21．Your boss is the one who writes your evaluations, recommends you for promotions and raises, and ________your future.
A．shapes B．predicts C．engages D．occupies
22．Spirit of the Peacock dance comes from the traditional belief of the Dai people and aims to________ the Dai women’s beauty.
A．make up B．work out C．bring out D．take on
23．________ sure that all the windows are shut, mainly because it is reported that a heavy rain is on the way.
A．Making B．To make C．Having made D．Make
24．— She failed to gain ________to the university of her choice.
—Oh, really? No wonder she looks depressed these days.
A．reception B．admission C．rejection D．alternative
25．Yesterday Mr. Smith spoke at the meeting in place of the manager, who________ a more important meeting.
A．had attended B．will be attending C．has attended D．was attending
26．Students will encounter many challenges in the universities for the first year,________ getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one.
A．of which B．for which C．to which D．by which
27．—Douglas is having to miss the school concert because he’s ill.
—Oh,  ________! He has been expecting it so much.
A．far from it B．that’s a shame C．never mind D．I didn’t get it.
28．________ the reasons behind wild animals entering our cities, one thing is for sure-as it’s often a means of their survival, they could be with us to stay.
A．However B．Whenever C．Whatever D．Whichever
29．When Della returned from skiing, her parents complained that she________her legs when she fell over.
A．should have broken B．must have broken C．could have broken D．would have broken
30．Many families want their children to attend university, but such an option is________ reach for the majority of the population, particularly those in rural areas.
A．within B．in C．beyond D．over
31．Once you _____ drugs, it’s hard to manage to get rid of them.
A．get through B．get off C．get into D．get down
32．The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A．out of control B．out of date C．out of sight D．out of reach
33．—What do you think of the movie?
－ I like it. I think ______.
A．it’s great B．it’s possible C．it’s terrible D．it’s ordinary
34．When walking down the street, I came across David, who I _____ for years.
A．didn’t see B．haven’t seen C．hadn’t seen D．wouldn’t see
35．-Would you like to come to our party tonight?
－Sure. ________.
A．I’m sorry B．I’d love to C．That’s all right D．Come on
36．—Sorry I was not able to help.
—___________.
A．It just depends B．It’s my pleasure C．Not in the least D．Thank you all the same
37．---Thanks for giving me a ride to school.
---_________.
A．You are welcome B．That’s a good idea
C．Don’t worry D．You are so nice
38．－ _______?
－My watch reads nine.
A．What’s the date today B．How much is your watch
C．What time is it now D．How many watches do you have
39．If you are _______ a food or drink, you can remove it from your diet.
A．cautious about B．allergic to C．satisfied with D．fond of
40．That young man’s interview didn’t go so well, it didn’t to him.
A．tick all the right boxes
B．brave the elements
C．throw the baby out with the bathwater
D．take into account
41．—If we work on the project together, I do believe we should be able to complete it ahead of schedule.
— ______! Many hands make light work.
A．You bet B．Have fun
C．Good job D．Forget it
42．I think you’d better avoid talking about politics, religion and other ______ topics with him if you are not close friends.
A．sensitive B．skeptical C．aggressive D．attractive
43．The number of foreigners that ________ to China ________ increasing at a rate of about 10% per year.
A．come; is B．comes; is C．come; are D．comes; are
44．—Brenda bought an iPhone 14 last week.
—Oh, really? How I wish I could get ______ as well!
A．one B．it C．that D．another
45．After a day’s work, I went to the restaurant near my company to have dinner, only to be told that it ________.
A．is decorated B．was decorated
C．is being decorated D．was being decorated
46．Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ________ they can be controlled on purpose.
A．for which B．to which C．of which D．on which
47．His comprehensive surveys have provided the most ________ statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.
A．available B．original C．explicit D．formal
48．— The movie starts at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go.
— ________. See you at 8:10.
A．So long B．No wonder C．Good luck D．Sounds great
49．If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
A．while B．before C．after D．since
50．The subjects of the Dunhuang murals ________ from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.
A．vary B．distribute C．motivate D．facilitate
51．Believed _______ buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD, the ruins of Neapolis are almost 2, 000 years old.
A．to be B．to have been C．having D．being
52．These biological discoveries all help us understand the ________ for life on our planet, even in the most extreme circumstances.
A．component B．coverage C．capacity D．comprehension
53．It was the most disastrous space accident ever and it ________ people’s hearts.
A．threw light on B．played a part in
C．became accustomed to D．cast a shadow on
54．With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak.
A．should B．must C．can D．need
55．Various measures ________ in the years ahead to boost the economic development
A．are taken B．have been taken C．were taken D．will be taken
56．I had dreamed of this moment many times in my childhood. But when you finally make it it’s totally different from ________ you had imagined
A．when B．what C．that D．which
57．We’ve done a solid preparation so this is ________ our team is supposed to shine.
A．what B．whether C．which D．where
58．—I need to tell Kevin the conference has been canceled.
—_________ He’s already on his way.
A．The sooner the better. B．Don’t bother.
C．You’ve got me there. D．How could you?
59．Its once-great cities fell into ruin, ________ various mysteries for later people to solve.
A．to leave B．leaving C．left D．having left
60．Despite previous failed attempts, the scientists believed they would make a breakthrough in the   ________ experiments.
A．subsequent B．critical C．primary D．independent
61．Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner ______ to the professor.
A．as far as B．as many as C．as much as D．as long as
62．The best way to undertake big projects is to force them into your ______. Spare time doesn’t appear from nowhere and you need to create it with efforts.
A．presentation B．campaign C．schedule D．procedure
63．English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ______ using it differently.
A．all of which B．every of them C．each of them D．all of whom
64．It seemed as if everything was ______. The big wave blocked their way and Captain Black ordered the sailors to speed up to escape.
A．in an end B．to an end C．at an end D．for an end
65．She was so upset about the fight with her best friend. She had to ______ the details to her mother.
A．speak B．spill C．split D．spell
66．______ dull he may be, he is certainly a very successful top executive.
A．Although B．Whatever C．As D．However
67．As a hitch-hiker, I had to ______ to the driver the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.
A．get through B．get across C．get over D．get down
68．______ the UN, international assistance has been organized to help contain the outbreak.
A．By means of B．In the command of
C．At the mercy of D．At the request of
69．The novel is ______ based on his childhood life.
A．sincerely B．gradually C．loosely D．finally
70．As a developing country, we must keep ______ with the rapid development of the world economy.
A．move B．step C．speed D．Pace






参考答案：
1．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于对病毒的担忧日益剧增，一些国际客运航班继续暂停，直到接到进一步的通知。根据后文的“until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus”可知，此处指航班继续暂停。A. crashed撞车；B. conducted实施；C. suspended暂停；D. sustained维持。故选C。
2．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记你在车站眼泪汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。根据句子分析可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为the scene，在从句中作地点状语，故应用where引导，故选D。
3．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：即将于2023低年完工的娱乐公园将会吸引国内外的游客。根据句子分析可知，此处作定语，修饰the entertainment park，且the entertainment park与accomplish之间为被动关系，根据时间状语by the end of 2023可知，此处为将来时的被动，故应用to be done作定语，故选C。
4．C
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你可以在几分钟内学到足够的急救知识——无论是通过读书、参加课程还是在线观看视频。固定结构：whether...or...“不管……还是……”。引导让步状语从句。结合句意及选项可知，选项C符合题意，故选C。
5．B
【详解】考查现在分词作状语。句意：当我们睡觉时，大脑会重放醒着时的活动模式，让我们进入虚拟现实。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为状语，表示睡觉时，大脑所作的动作的结果，表示一种自然而然的结果，所以空处用现在分词。选项B符合题意，故选B。
6．C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：当他最终筹集到买小提琴的钱时，他回去买了它，但是得知它已经被卖给了一个收藏家。分析句子可知，句中“that it ________ to a collector”为宾语从句，作动词learn的宾语，it指代前文提到的violin，从句it与动词sell为动宾关系，且动作发生在learn之前，所以空处用过去完成时的被动语态，选项C符合题意，故选C。
7．A
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：面对人口和劳动力的下降，日本越来越多地求助于机器人。A. turning to求助于； B. putting away整理，收拾； C. taking up从事；占据； D. holding back阻止。根据句中“Faced with a declining population and workforce”可知，人口和劳动力的下降，因此此处指日本转向机器人求助。故选A。
8．B
【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：随着生态旅游的兴起，生态酒店正迅速成为旅游行业的宠儿。A. under control处于控制中； B. on the rise在增加； C. beyond description无法用言语表达； D. in the decline在下降。根据句中“eco-hotels are fast becoming the darling of the travel industry”可知，此处指生态旅游变得流行起来，选项B符合题意，故选B。
9．B
【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：节礼日最流行的一件事就是去购物，好好利用这次促销活动。A. keep pace with跟上……的步子； B. take advantage of利用； C. look forward to期盼；盼望； D. throw a light on阐明。结合句中前后内容可知，这里指充分利用促销活动，选项B符合题意，故选B。
10．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我开始攻读博士学位，意识到自己需要经济帮助时，我去了学生咨询办公室，告诉他们我是一名护工。分析句子可知，空处为主句的谓语，结合句中“and told them”可知，空处动词的时态和and后的told并列，所以空处用一般过去时。选项D符合题意，故选D。
11．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据报道在中东爆发了很多的战争。你对那里的形势有什么评价？A. assessment评估，评价；B. adjustment调整；C. appointment 约会，约定；D. assistance援助；帮助。根据“It’s reported that many wars broke out in the Middle East.”可知，这里是问对方对中东形势的评估。故选A。
12．C
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：许多人认为，除非我们从根本上改变我们的生活方式，否则我们正在走向一场环境灾难。A. but但是；B. though虽然，尽管；C. unless除非；D. in case万一，假使。分析句意可知，如果我们不改变生活方式，那么我们会走向环境灾难，前者是避免出现后者这样的结果的条件，因此用unless。故选C。
13．A
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：——你知道昨天我们镇上新开了一家购物中心吗？——是的。既然我们有时间，为什么不去逛逛呢？A. since因为，既然；B. though虽然；C. until直到……为止；D. unless除非。根据上下文可知，前文存在因果关系，此处应用since引导原因状语从句。故选A项。
14．D
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——妈妈，给我讲个航天员杨利伟的故事好吗？——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。A. might或许；B. must必须；C. could可能；D. shall将会，应该。shall用于第二、三人称，表示允诺、命令，威胁等，此句是表示允诺。故选D。
15．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该提高参与国际交流的能力，把中国的故事讲好，让中国的声音被全球听到。短语make sth. done表示“使某事被”，the voice of China与hear之间是被动关系，此处要用过去分词作宾补。故选B。
16．A
【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：——Brenda上周买了一个华为P60智能手机。——噢，真的吗?我多么希望我也能买一个。one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词；that为特指，相当于the+名词。此处应是a Huawei P60 cellphone。it指代同类同物；another(人，事物)又一个（的），再一个（的），不符合语境。故选A。
17．A
【详解】考查冠词。句意：2023年2月9日两名中国航天员前往天宫空间站外进行为期七小时的太空行走，这是正在进行的神舟十五号的第一次任务。分析句子可知，空格一处泛指一次为期七小时的太空行走，“seven-hour-long”音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故空格一处应用不定冠词“a”；空格二前“first”为序数词，应用定冠词“the”修饰，故空格二应填“the”。故选A项。
18．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你知道急救方法，在紧急情况下你会更冷静，更乐于助人。A. in spite of尽管；B. on account of由于；因为；C. on the basis of根据；D. in case of万一；若发生某事。由句意可知，该句是if引导的条件句，表示如果你知道急救知识，若发生紧急情况则会更冷静，更乐于助人。故选D项。
19．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一种新设备的工作原理类似于太阳能电池板，只是它不从太阳中获取能量。A. consume消耗；B. harvest收获，获取；C. conserve保护；D. generate生成。根据“like a solar panel”和“energy from the sun.”可知，此处是指不获取太阳能，动词harvest符合题意。故选B。
20．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们只剩下二十分钟了，所以请开门见山，不要说任何与我们的问题无关的话。A. relevant adj. 相关的；B. ambitious adj. 有野心的，有雄心的；C. precious adj. 宝贵的；D. prosperous adj. 繁荣的，兴旺的。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词作表语，意为“相关的”意思。故选A。
21．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你的老板为你写评估，推荐你升职加薪，预测你的未来。A. shapes塑造；B. predicts预测；C. engages从事；D. occupies占据。根据上文“writes your evaluations, recommends you for promotions and raises, and”以及后文“future”可知老板是预测未来的人，故选B。
22．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孔雀舞的精神来源于傣族的传统信仰，旨在展现傣族妇女的美丽。A.make up 组成；B.work out计算出；C. bring out 使展现；D.take on呈现。根据句意可知，孔雀舞的精神来源于傣族的传统信仰，旨在展现傣族妇女的美丽。故选C项。
23．D
【详解】考查祈使句。句意：确保所有的窗户都关上，主要是因为据报道大雨即将来临。分析句子结构，这是一个祈使句，根据祈使句的用法，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选D项。
24．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——她没能被自己选择的大学录取。——哦，真的吗？难怪她这些天看起来很沮丧。A. reception招待；B. admission准许进入；C. rejection拒绝；D. alternative可供选择的事物。由“she looks depressed these days”可知，她没能被自己选择的大学录取。故选B项。
25．D
【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天史密斯先生代替经理在会上发言，经理正在参加一个更重要的会议。根据“Yesterday Mr. Smith spoke at the meeting in place of the manager”可知，此处表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，故选D。
26．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在大学的第一年，学生们将面临许多挑战，其中最重要的挑战之一是迅速适应新环境。先行词为many challenges，定语从句为getting used to a new environment quickly comes to be the most important one of，先行词表示物作宾语，用which，of提前。故选A项。
27．B
【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——道格拉斯因为生病不得不错过学校的音乐会。——真遗憾，他期待已久。A.far from it远非； B. that’s a shame 真遗憾；C.never mind 没关系；D.I didn’t get it我不明白。根据“He has been expecting it so much”可知，真遗憾，他期待已久。故选B项。
28．C
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：无论这些物种进入我们城市的原因是什么，有一点是肯定的——因为这通常是它们的一种生存手段，它们可以和我们一起待着。A. However无论怎样；B. Whenever无论何时；C. Whatever无论什么；D. Whichever无论哪一个。whatever引导的让步状语从句中系动词be可以省略，相当于Whatever the reasons behind wild animals entering our cities is，故空格处作表语，结合句意“无论什么”是whatever。故选C项。
29．C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：黛拉滑雪回来时，她的父母抱怨她摔倒时可能会摔断腿。根据上文“her parents complained(她的父母抱怨)”可知，黛拉滑雪摔倒时可能会摔断腿只是一个对过去可能会发生的事情的推测，而且仅仅为理论上的可能性，应使用情态动词can或could，再根据情态动词的用法，表示对过去事实的推测要使用“情态动词 + have + 过去分词”结构，故选C项。
30．C
【详解】考查介词。句意：许多家庭希望他们的孩子上大学，但对于大多数人尤其是农村地区的人来说，这样的选择是遥不可及的。A. within在……之内；B. in在……里；C. beyond超越；超出；D. over在……之上。根据下文“particularly those in rural areas(尤其是农村地区的人)”可知，大部分人口尤其是农村地区的孩子上大学的梦想遥不可及，空白处应填表示“超出”含义的介词，故选C项。
31．C
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一旦你染上了毒品，就很难摆脱它们。A. get through处理，完成；B. get off下车；C. get into陷入；D. get down写下。根据“it’s hard to manage to get rid of them.”可知，此处指一旦染上毒品，用get into“陷入”符合题意。故选C。
32．B
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这本词典已经过时了：自从出版以来，这种语言又增加了许多单词。A. out of control失去控制；B. out of date过时；C. out of sight看不见；D. out of reach够不着。根据“many words have been added to the language since it was published”可知，该字典已经过时了。故选B。
33．A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——我喜欢。我觉得很棒。A.  it’s great极好的；B. it’s possible可能的；C. it’s terrible可怕的；D. it’s ordinary普通的。根据上文“I like it.”可知是积极的评价。故选A。
34．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：当我走在街上时，我遇到了大卫，那时我们已经多年未见了。结合语境“我没看见他”发生在“遇到”之前，即过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C。
35．B
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——今晚你愿意来参加我们的聚会吗?——当然，我愿意。A. I'm sorry对不起；B.I'd love to我愿意；C.That's all right不要紧，没关系；D.Come on加油；快点。根据Sure可推断，说话人同意邀请，故应说I'd love to我愿意（去），故选B。
36．D
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我没能帮上忙。——别客气。A. It just depends看情况；B. It’s my pleasure别客气；C. Not in the least一点也不；D. Thank you all the same还是谢谢你了。对方没有帮上忙，还是要感谢对方。故选D。
37．A
【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——谢谢你开车送我去学校。——别客气。A. You are welcome别客气；B. That’s a good idea好主意；C. Don’t worry别担心；D. You are so nice你真好。根据上一句可知是在感谢对方，回答应该是不客气。故选A。
38．C
【详解】考查特殊疑问句。句意：——现在几点了？ ——我的表显示九点。A. What’s the date today今天几号；B. How much is your watch你的表多少钱；C. What time is it now现在什么时间；D. How many watches do you have你有多少块手表。根据回答“我的表显示九点”可知，问句是对现在的时间提问。故选C项。
39．B
【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：如果你对食物或饮料过敏，你可以将其从饮食中去除。A. (be) cautious about对……小心；B. (be) allergic to对……过敏；C. (be) satisfied with对……满意；D. (be) fond of对……喜欢。由“remove it from your diet”可知，应该是对食物或饮料过敏。故选B项。
40．A
【详解】考查习语词义辨析。句意：那个年轻人的面试不太顺利，没有如他所愿。A. tick all the right boxes事情发展如人所愿，一切顺利；B. brave the elements不顾天气恶劣，冒着风雨；C. throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃，全盘否定；D. take into account考虑，重视，顾及。由语意和词义可知，此处呼应上文不顺利，故选A项。
41．A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——如果我们一起做这个项目，我相信我们能提前完成。——当然！人多好干活。A. You bet当然；B. Have fun玩得开心；C. Good job干得好；D. Forget it不必在意。根据“Many hands make light work.”可知，赞成“一起做项目，就能提前完成”用You bet“当然；肯定地”符合语境。故选A项。
42．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为，如果你们不是好朋友，最好避免和他谈论政治、宗教等敏感话题。A. sensitive敏感的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. aggressive有敌意的，冒犯的；D. attractive吸引人的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词sensitive“敏感的”作定语修饰名词topics，满足句意要求。故选A项。
43．A
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：来到中国的外国人的数量正以每年百分之十左右的速度递增。分析句子结构可知，“that ________ to China”是that引导的定语从句，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致，先行词是名词复数“foreigners”，故用动词原形，The number of 表示“……的数量”，主句谓语动词要用单三。故选A项。
44．A
【详解】考查代词。句意：——Brenda上周买了一个iPhone 14。——噢，真的吗？我多么希望我也能买一个。one与that虽可用来指代同名异物，但one为泛指，相当于a/an+名词； that为特指，相当于the+名词。此处应是an iPhone 14。it指代同类同物；another（人，事物）又一个的，再一个的。故选C。
45．D
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一天的工作结束后，我去公司附近的餐厅吃饭，却被告知餐厅正在装修。该空动词decorate在宾语从句中作谓语，根据句意，去餐厅吃饭，使用了only to be told表示意外的结果状语，应该是不能在那里用餐。因为是当时餐厅正在被装修。从句主语“restaurant”（即it）正在被装修；参考主句谓语动词“went”时态可知，该空从句谓语动词decorate应使用过去进行时的被动语态。故选D项。
46．B
【详解】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。句意：人类的面部表情与动物的不同之处在于它们可以在多大程度上被有意控制。表达“到达某种程度”应用to...degree，先行词是degree，作介词to的宾语，应用which。故选B。
47．C
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的全面调查提供了最详尽的数据收集方式和依据。A. available可用的；B. original原始的；C. explicit详尽的，明确的；D. formal正式的。根据“of how, and on what basis, data are collected.”可知，是提供了详尽的的说明。故选C。
48．D
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——电影8点半开始，我们可以在走之前随便吃点东西。——听起来不错。八点十分见。A. So long再见；B. No wonder难怪；C. Good luck祝你好运；D. Sounds great听起来不错。根据“See you at 8:10.”可知，表示赞同别人的提议，用Sounds great“听起来不错”符合语境。故选D项。
49．B
【详解】考查时间状语从句连词。句意：如果你错过了这个机会，你可能需要几年的时间才能得到另一个机会。A. while当；B. before在……之前；C. after在……之后；D. since自从。此处为固定句型：it be+一段时间+before...“要过……才……”，before引导时间状语从句。故选B。
50．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：敦煌壁画的题材从宗教故事到日常生活场景都不尽相同。A. vary变化，不同；B. distribute分发；C. motivate激励，鼓励；D. facilitate促进。vary from...to...“不同，在……范围变化”符合句意。故选A。
51．B
【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说，在公元4世纪的一次海啸中，奈阿波利斯的废墟被埋在了水下，距今已有近2000年的历史。短语be believed to，意为“被认为，据说”，不定式后的动词和主语之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态，并且动词发生在Believed前面，应用完成式，故选B。
52．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下。A. component成分；B. coverage报道；C. capacity能力；D. comprehension理解。由“even in the most extreme circumstances”可知，句子表示“这些生物学上的发现都有助于我们了解地球上生命的存在能力，即使是在最极端的环境下”，空格处意为“能力”。故选C。
53．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是有史以来最灾难性的太空事故，给人们的心灵投下了阴影。A. threw light on说明、阐述清楚；B. played a part in在……中起重要作用；C. became accustomed to习惯于……；D. cast a shadow on使……笼上阴影。根据前面的the most disastrous space accident ever可知，既然是最灾难性的事故，说明会给人们造成心理阴影。故选D项。
54．C
【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。
55．D
【详解】考查动词。句意：未来几年将采取各种措施促进经济发展。由句中时间状语in the years ahead“在今后几年”表示动作发生在将来，可知，此处动词应为一般将来时，主语measures和动词take为被动关系，所以应为一般将来时的被动语态结构。故选D项。
56．B
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这一刻我在童年时梦想过很多次。但当你最终做到的时候，它和你想象的完全不同。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作动词imagined的宾语成分，意为“一些事情”，满足句意要求。故选B项。
57．D
【详解】考查表语从句连接词。句意：我们已经做了充分的准备，所以这是我们的团队应该发光的地方。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，shine为不及物动词，从句中缺少地点状语，所以应该用连接副词where引导。故选D项。
58．A
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我得告诉Kevin会议取消了。——越快越好。他已经在路上了。A. The sooner the better.越快越好。B. Don’t bother.不用麻烦了。C. You’ve got me there.你把我难住了。D. How could you?你怎么能这样？由“He’s already on his way”可知，第二个人的意思是越快告诉Kevin越好，因为Kevin已经在路上了，因此空格处意为“越快越好”。故选A。
59．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：曾经伟大的城市都成了废墟，留下了许多谜团等待后人去解开。句中谓语是fell，空格处用非谓语动词，现在分词表示顺其自然的结果，因此空格处用现在分词作结果状语，故选B。
60．A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管之前的尝试都失败了，但科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破。A. subsequent随后的，接着的；B. critical关键的；C. primary主要的；D. independent独立的。根据前文的“previous failed attempts”可推断，此处说的是“科学家们相信他们将在随后的实验中取得重大突破”，空格处意为“随后的，接着的”，是subsequent。故选A。
61．C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：语言属于社会的每一个成员，属于清洁工，也属于教授。A.as far as直到；远到；就……而言；B. as many as和……一样多；C. as much as 和……一样多；尽……那样多；D.as long as只要；与……一样长。由句意可知语言属于每一个人，其重要性对于每一个社会成员都是一样的，表示抽象含义，用as much as，as many as修饰可数名词复数，所以选项C符合句意。故选C项。
62．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：实施大型项目的最佳方式是将它们纳入你的日程。业余时间不会凭空出现，你需要努力创造。A. presentation演示；B. campaign活动，运动；C. schedule 计划（表）；D. procedure手续，步骤。根据“Spare time doesn’t appear from nowhere and you need to create it with efforts.”可知，实施大型项目的最佳方式是将它们纳入你的日程。故选C项。
63．C
【详解】考查代词和独立主格。句意：英语是一种由几种不同文化共享的语言，每一种文化都有不同的用法。根据“using it differently”可知，本句为独立主格结构。故排除A项和D项，且D项whom使用错误。而B项无此用法，只用each of them+现在分词，构成独立主格。故选C项。
64．C
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：似乎一切都到了尽头。大浪挡住了他们的去路，布莱克船长命令水手们加快速度逃脱。A.in an end无此短语；B.to an end不单独使用，常用于come to an end；C.at an end 结束，终止，耗尽；D.for an end无此短语。根据句意以及“The big wave blocked their way”可知，似乎一切都到了尽头，at an end作表语。故选C项。
65．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她因为和最好的朋友吵架而心烦意乱。她不得不把细节告诉她母亲。A. speak说话（后接语言）；B. spill（向某人）倾诉心里话，蜂拥而出； C. split分裂； D. spell拼写。根据“She was so upset about the fight with her best friend.”可知，因为心烦她不得不把细节吐露给她母亲。故选B项。
66．D
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：不管他多么迟钝，他肯定是一位非常成功的高管。A.Although尽管； B.Whatever 无论什么；C.As因为； D.However无论如何。根据句意可知，本句为however引导的让步状语从句，however+形容词+主语+谓语。故选D项。
67．B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名搭便车的人，我必须让司机明白我是一个真正的旅行者，并且需要廉价到达某个地方。A. get through (设法)处理；B. get across解释清楚；C. get over克服；D. get down下来。根据“the idea that I was a real traveler, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.”可知，我必须让司机明白我是一个真正的旅行者。get sth across (to sb)被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚。故选B项
68．D
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在联合国的要求下，国际社会组织了援助来帮助控制疫情。A.By means of用，依靠 借助于；B. In the command of指挥；C.At the mercy of 任……摆布，在……前毫无办法；D.At the request of应……之请求，鉴于……之请求。根据句意可知，在联合国的要求下，国际社会组织了援助来帮助控制疫情。故选D项。
69．C
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这部小说大致取材于他的童年生活。A.sincerely 真诚地；B.gradually逐渐地； C.loosely 粗略地，不严格地；D.finally最后。根据句意可知，这部小说大致取材于他的童年生活。故选C项。
70．D
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个发展中国家，我们必须跟上世界经济快速发展的步伐。A.move行动； B.step 步骤；C.speed速度；D. pace节奏；发展速度。由句意可知我们作为一个发展中国家必须要紧跟世界经济的发展节奏，短语keep pace with 意为“跟上；赶上”，固定搭配，所以选项D符合句意。故选D项。