浙江高考英语概要写作专项训练

这是一份浙江高考英语概要写作专项训练，共21页。
概要写作
1．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The National Institutes of Health defines the disorder as “a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite harmful social, occupational or health consequences.” Yet despite how popular it is, most people who have the disorder do not receive treatment for it, even when they reveal their drinking problem to their primary care doctor or another health care professional.
Alcohol abuse can be driven by a complex variety of factors, including stress, depression and anxiety, as well as a person’s genetics, family history and socioeconomic circumstances. Many people kick their heavy drinking habit on their own or through self-help programs like Alcoholics Anonymous or SMART Recovery. But relapse (复发) rates are very high. Research suggests that among all the people with alcohol use disorder who try to quit drinking every year, just 25 percent are able to successfully reduce their alcohol intake long-term.
Alcohol is one of the most common forms of substance (物质) abuse and a leading cause of preventable deaths and disease, killing almost 100,000 Americans annually and contributing to millions of cancers, car accidents, heart attacks and other ailments. It is also a significant cause of workplace accidents and lost work productivity, as well as a driver of tense family and personal relationships. Yet for a variety of reasons, people who need treatment rarely get it from their physicians.
Studies suggest that a major barrier to people seeking treatment is that they believe that quitting drinking is their only option. That view is driven by the popularity and long history of 12-step programs like A．A．that consider quitting drinking as the only solution to alcoholism. For some people with severe drinking problems, that may be necessary. But studies show that people who have milder forms of alcohol use disorder can improve their mental health and quality of life, as well as their blood pressure, liver health and other aspects of their physical health, by lowering their alcohol intake without quitting alcohol entirely. Yet the idea that the only option is to quit suddenly can prevent people from seeking treatment.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Normally and naturally, a daughter is more attached to her mother in comparison to her father or other siblings. The attachment is also due to the fact that the daughter finds it easier to confide in(向…吐露个人隐私) the mother on personal and biological matters at different stages while growing up.
The bonding between mother and daughter will increase with their being together and going out on an excursion. An excursion is a journey to some far-off place undertaken by people. It is not necessary that such a trip be taken on a lavish (奢侈)scale involving lots of money. It can be as short as an overnight trip to some place to improve bonding. A mother can plan a trip to some local spa without the knowledge of her daughter. She can be ready with baggage packed and wait for the moment the daughter comes back from school. Once in the hotel they can enjoy the night together getting refreshing treatments like massage. After relaxing spa they can laze in bed, enjoying favourite food or drink and if possible enjoying nature through the window. After a long period of relaxation, going out for a walk together will improve bonding.
Going out overnight to enjoy comforting walk at the beach, strolling and relaxing at intervals without the interference of any other person can be a great idea of bonding. Being of the same sex, and often having the same set of likes and dislikes, they can spend time on makeup or applying nail polish etc. The daughter should never forget to thank the mother for the wonderful time they spent together, and the mother should never hesitate to say a few words of praise to the daughter.
Going out for shopping together is a good bonding idea too. It is not essential that lots of money should be spent on shopping. The mother can take the daughter to some shops where she can buy her uniform or some other things. They can jointly enjoy window shopping, expressing love for and gratitude to the other.
3．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
A high school diploma is not the end of many people’s education these days. High school students who want to continue their education generally choose one of the two routes after graduation. Some students choose to attend a community college, and then transfer to a university, while others go directly to a university. Making this difficult choice requires a great deal of careful thought. However, if the choice is based on some specific factors, students will quickly see the advantages that attending a community college offers.
Attending a community college is much cheaper than attending a university. For example, fee at a local community college might cost $3,000 per year, especially for residents of the area. The same classes taken at a nearby university could cost over $25,000. No matter how the total bill is calculated or what is included, like money for parking and health clinic services, it is more expensive to study at a university.
Going to a university often requires recent high school graduates to live far away from home, and many of them are unwilling to do so. It is often difficult for young people only 17 or 18 years old to suddenly find themselves far away from their families. Because almost every area has a community college, students who go to a community college first can continue to be near their families for two or more years.
Finally, there are educational benefits to attending a community college. University life is very different from community college life. A university campus offers a large variety of sports events and social activities, and students can easily become distracted from their studies. Community colleges, which typically have fewer students and such activities, may be a better environment for serious study. In addition, professors at community colleges often have the same qualifications as those at universities, but community college professors spend most of their time teaching instead of conducting research, thus providing better teaching.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Some people are naturally outgoing, but other people have to practice to become outgoing. If you want to become outgoing, there are several strategies(策略)that you can use. Being “outgoing” involves learning how to present yourself to others, starting conversations, and being more confident in yourself.
One of the easiest ways to present yourself is to ask your friends, colleagues, or classmates to introduce you to their friends. For example, if you walk into a room and your friend is talking to someone else, make it a point to say hello and introduce yourself. The next time you see that person, you can say hello and, since you have already been introduced, you have built a bridge into future communication.
When you’re in a social situation, such as at a party, try to make eye contact with the other people there with a friendly smile. If the other person responds or smiles back at you，then go over to them and introduce yourself. That is usually a good sign for a possible conversation. If the person does not respond, let them go their way. There’s a difference between being “outgoing” and “pushy”. Another practical way to start a conversation with others is to use compliments(赞美). When you’re attracted by certain people, you're bound to notice little things that you appreciate. You can acknowledge these things with a sincere compliment.
Doing something that makes you feel a little uncomfortable is a good way to promote your confidence and help you become a more outgoing version of yourself. If you have never danced before but want to take a ballet lesson, try it out. Do your best to fight the inner voice telling that you can’t do something or defining(定义)yourself by what you think you should be doing instead. With each little victory, you’ll gain the confidence to step further and further outside your comfort zone.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
What are you going to do with your old computer after you buy a new one? You have paid high prices for the old computer, but how much do you think it is worth now? Few people want to buy an old computer. Unfortunately, the only thing you can do is to throw it away.
What do many people do when they try to sell their old computers? Foolishly, they think about its original cost and then reduce the price according to the age of computer---- rather like a second hand car. They are wrong. They forget that new computers are becoming cheaper every day, making old computers almost worthless. In 1985, for example, a good computer cost over US $4,000. Ten years later its owner would be lucky to get $400.
You must be careful about buying a second hand computer. The microchips in a computer may last a long time, but the hard disk will not. It will probably cost more to replace the hard disk with a new one than the computer itself is worth. So saving or repairing an old computer is like building a car from spare parts. It is far cheaper to buy a new car.
One magazine recently listed some suggestions. One suggestion was to give it to charity. The final one was to store it somewhere and hope that it would become a collector’s item in fifteen or twenty years. But in fifteen or twenty years there may be so many old computers that they will all be worthless.
Whatever you decide to do with an old computer will not change the fact that it will be useless soon. The world of computers is quickly changing and eventually all computers will not only be integrated with video telephones and run DVD ROM disks, but also be able to perform many tasks which as yet we cannot even imagine. All these uses will require much more advanced computers today to the garbage can of the next century.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The oil industry has known for half a century that pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuel has severe threats to human health. By the late 1960s, Shell’s internal documents warned air pollution “may, in extreme situations, be harmful to health”, while by 1980, Imperial College was warning of “birth defects among the children of industry workers”. And yet the same industry tries actively to persuade the government out of clean air regulations proposed to protect health and save lives.
Take another example of a product that has a harmful effect on the environment and our health: meat. Eating too much processed and red meat is bad for health, while meat and dairy production accounts for 14.5% of global greenhouse emissions. But healthier diets and lower emissions as a result of lower meat consumption would not satisfy big meat’s desire to maximize profits. This industry also succeeded gaining favorable regulations from the government.
In western countries, economic systems go hand-in-hand with political systems and there is often a direct connection between political influence and economic power. One 2014 study by US academics concluded that the US was a country where only a small group of people held all the power because “economic giants and organized groups representing business interests have great independent impacts on US government policy, while average citizens have little or no independent influence”. In other words, organized wealthy interest groups – like fossil fuel companies – had a powerful impact in shaping government policy; ordinary citizens didn’t.
According to one report, the top 100 companies are responsible for 71% of global greenhouse gas emissions, while the poorest half of people are responsible for just 10% of global emissions. The greedy search for profit represents a great threat to our health, to our lives, and to our planet. Without a determined effort to drive back the political power of these giant companies, our planet will continue to be destroyed. Time is not on our side.
7．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didn’t keep? Commonly, when the new year ticks over, we make resolutions: going to the gym, studying harder or giving up a bad habit. Sadly, not long after we’ve made the promise, we often end up breaking them. But what if you want to create a new good habit? Well, it’s possible, but willpower might not be the only thing you need.
The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously. An example of this would be having breakfast or saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’. Good habits can be part of your daily routine. But if we don’t have those habits, how can we create them? According to a study published by the European Journal of Social Psychology, it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit. However, relying only on determination may not be the answer.
Questioning why you want something to be the norm（常态） rather than relying on your resolve could be the key. Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? The issue is, willpower could be subject to your mood – a bad mood may mean you don’t want to do something.
You should also avoid trying to change too much at once – remember that it’s a case of baby steps. Giving up all your favourite foods, going to the gym, and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice. And don’t worry about failing – just start again!
Finally, don’t do things outside your comfort zone. If you hate mushrooms, don’t persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier. Eat something you like! It might not be quick, but if you follow these tips, you may be able to change something for the better or kick a bad habit.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。  
Life doesn't always turn out the way we'd like. When situations take an unfriendly turn, we become angry. When others don't agree with us, or act in a manner we find disturbing, anger is a typical reaction. It seems that we feel anger gives us the momentary feeling of power. However, in fact, with the exception of a few cases, an angry reaction rarely improves the situation. It only makes the situation worse. So consider the following alternatives to anger.
One is understanding. If we view an individual whose behavior we find unacceptable, we should think each person has a right to live life according to their beliefs, dreams, needs and so on. Even if people are acting inappropriately, you should understand them. If they are struggling, lost, or in pain, you should choose to feel sorry for their suffering. If you do so, your anger will disappear.
Humor is another powerful tool for stopping anger because it can help you stay calm when things get bad. Sometimes we take life far too seriously. That is bad for us and anger is easy to happen. We need to use humor to turn any serious situation into a light one. Humor acts as a protective shelter from emotional pain.
Therefore, when others behave improperly, find it in your heart to forgive them for their unwise behavior. When life hands you the exact opposite of what you want, take no notice of it. After all, the bad situation is only temporary. So choose these alternative reactions to soften our heart and prevent anger from happening so that we can enjoy our life to the fullest.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9．阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Bullying has been an exceeding issue over the years. Bullying is a major problem that we haven’t been able to stop. Every year more and more people become bullied at school and online.What is worrying us most is that the numbers of kids who are starting to become victims are increasing. Bullying doesn’t just affect the victims of bullying but harms everyone around it, including the bullies themselves.
Bullying has gone viral in the new communication era. People have been bullying over the internet on social media sites such as Facebook, twitter as well as social networking sites. People have also used our new technology of texting to harass people. Cyber bullying is what it's called when you bully someone over the internet. It is really not rare to see people bullied through the internet. People who are bullied feel great pressure and many of them committed suicide. Just in 2020, as many as 1,200 teens were reported to have acted suicide because of cyber bully.
Bullying in school is still in play as well. It may be the “old fashioned”  and it is still just as effective! School teachers should be aware that it IS HAPPENING!!! Parents think that bullying in schools is just “a part of school” which is complete utter nonsense! When students get bullied they feel unsafe, scared and sad. Statistics show that on a daily average 160, 000 children miss school because they fear they will he bullied again.
Nobody likes a bully and being one may be a nightmare of the kids. It is high time that we attached great importance to it. Bystanders could really help stop bullying if they stood up right when it is happening! Stop bullying on the spot therefore it cant go anywhere or develop anymore, If a teacher or anyone sees the bullying, don’t be afraid! When adults respond quickly and consistently, they sent the message that it is not acceptable. When stopping bullying on spot you should intervene immediately, separate the kids involved and make sure everyone is safe. If we all take a stand against bullying and not ignore it or even encourage it, I believe that we can put an end to it!
10．阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要
If you are a perfectionist, you are probably familiar with the feeling of wanting to get everything just right. According to researchers, perfectionists hold themselves to unrealistically high standards and become self-critical(自责的) if they believe they haven't met these standards. Amanda Ruggeri，writing about perfectionism for BBC Future, explains, "When perfectionists don't succeed, they don't just feel disappointment about how they did. They feel shame about who they are.”
Although many people think seeking excellence as a good thing, researchers have found that on the extreme end, perfectionism is actually linked to lower mental health. In an article published in 2016, researchers found that people higher in perfectionism tended to have increases in depression(抑郁) symptoms, which suggests that perfectionism may lead to depression. In other words, although people may think of their perfectionism as something that helps them succeed, it appears that their perfectionism may actually be harmful to their mental health.
Thus, what can someone with perfection tendencies do to change their behavior? One possible alternative to perfectionism is developing what psychologists call a growth mindset. Researchers at Stanford University have found that developing a growth mindset is a significant way to help you learn from your failures. Unlike those with fixed mindsets, those with growth mindsets believe they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes. Another potential alternative to perfectionism is to develop self-compassion(自我同情). The idea behind self-compassion is that you should treat yourself kindly when you make mistakes，remind yourself that mistakes are part of being human, and avoid being consumed by bad emotions.
In fact, psychologists point out that giving up on perfection doesn't mean being less successful. The key is to find ways to give an effort you can be proud of without demanding the impossible of yourself. Instead of struggling for “perfect", struggle for “good enough", which can actually help you develop a healthier way of setting goals for yourself in the long run.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________










参考答案：
1．Most alcoholics don’t receive treatment though they expose the problem to medical workers. Alcohol abuse can be caused by various reasons but only a quarter of alcoholics can successfully kick their drinking habit due to the high relapse rates. Though alcohol can greatly influence people’s health, work and life, people suffering drinking problems get rare treatment. According to studies, the idea of quitting drinking completely is a major obstacle to seeking treatment.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是大多数患有酗酒问题的的人没有接受治疗，即使他们向初级保健医生或其他卫生保健专业人员透露了他们的酗酒问题，也介绍了酗酒问题产生的因素，危害和解决酗酒问题的方法。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Yet despite how popular it is, most people who have the disorder do not receive treatment for it, even when they reveal their drinking problem to their primary care doctor or another health care professional.
②Alcohol abuse can be driven by a complex variety of factors, including stress, depression and anxiety, as well as a person’s genetics, family history and socioeconomic circumstances. Many people kick their heavy drinking habit on their own or through self-help programs like Alcoholics Anonymous or SMART Recovery. But relapse (复发) rates are very high.
③Alcohol is one of the most common forms of substance (物质) abuse and a leading cause of preventable deaths and disease, killing almost 100,000 Americans annually and contributing to millions of cancers, car accidents, heart attacks and other ailments. It is also a significant cause of workplace accidents and lost work productivity, as well as a driver of tense family and personal relationships. Yet for a variety of reasons, people who need treatment rarely get it from their physicians.
④Yet the idea that the only option is to quit suddenly can prevent people from seeking treatment.
2.缜密构思
将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Most alcoholics don’t receive treatment though they expose the problem to medical workers. Alcohol abuse can be caused by various reasons but only a quarter of alcoholics can successfully kick their drinking habit due to the high relapse rates. Though alcohol can greatly influence people’s health, work and life, people suffering drinking problems get rare treatment. According to studies, the idea of quitting drinking completely is a major obstacle to seeking treatment.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Most alcoholics don’t receive treatment though they expose the problem to medical workers.运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段进行了概括。其中though引导的的让步状语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2] Though alcohol can greatly influence people’s health, work and life, people suffering drinking problems get rare treatment.用though引导的让步状语从句和现在分词作后置定语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
2．In the family a daughter has a closer bond with the mother. (要点1) And staying together and taking an outing can improve their relationship. (要点2)During an unexpected but well-prepared trip, even if as short as an overnight one, they can enjoy many things together and share what they like and dislike. (要点3)Apart from that, going shopping together is another favourable option.(要点4)  （60 words）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在家庭中，女儿与母亲的关系更密切。呆在一起和外出可以改善她们的关系。在一次意想不到但准备充分的旅行中，即使是短暂的过夜，她们也可以一起享受很多东西，分享他们的好恶。除此之外，一起去购物是另一个不错的选择。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①A daughter is more attached to her mother in comparison to her father or other siblings.
②The bonding between mother and daughter will increase with their being together and going out on an excursion.
③Going out overnight to enjoy comforting walk at the beach, strolling and relaxing at intervals without the interference of any other person can be a great idea of bonding.
④Being of the same sex, and often having the same set of likes and dislike
⑤Going out for shopping together is a good bonding idea too.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2、5三个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
In the family a daughter has a closer bond with the mother. And staying together and taking an outing can improve their relationship. During an unexpected but well-prepared trip, even if as short as an overnight one, they can enjoy many things together and share what they like and dislike. Apart from that, going shopping together is another favourable option.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：During an unexpected but well-prepared trip, even if as short as an overnight one, they can enjoy many things together and share what they like and dislike. 运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第三段进行了概括。其中even if引导让步状语从句、what引导宾语从句表达高级。
[高分句型2]：Apart from that, going shopping together is another favourable option.Apart from起到了很好的衔接作用，going shopping together动名词做主语，表达高级。
3．One possible version:
Compared with going to universities directly, attending community colleges has several advantages. Firstly, community colleges charge much less money than universities do. Besides, studying at a community college can be more convenient because of its location. Finally, community colleges offer a better environment for serious study and more high-quality teaching with less activities and more teaching-focused professors.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了与直接上大学相比，上社区大学有几个优势。首先，社区大学比大学收费低得多。此外，由于地理位置的原因，在社区大学学习更方便。最后，社区大学为认真学习和高质量教学提供了更好的环境，活动更少，教授更注重教学。
【详解】1 要点摘录
1.However, if the choice is based on some specific factors, students will quickly see the advantages that attending a community college offers.
2.Attending a community college is much cheaper than attending a university.
3.Going to a university often requires recent high school graduates to live far away from home, and many of them are unwilling to do so. It is often difficult for young people only 17 or 18 years old to suddenly find themselves far away from their families. Because almost every area has a community college, students who go to a community college first can continue to be near their families for two or more years.
4.Community colleges, which typically have fewer students and such activities, may be a better environment for serious study. In addition, professors at community colleges often have the same qualifications as those at universities, but community college professors spend most of their time teaching instead of conducting research, thus providing better teaching..
2.缜密构思
将第1、2、3、4分别进行总结和整合。
3.遣词造句
Compared with going to universities directly, attending community colleges has several advantages. Firstly, community colleges charge much less money than universities do.
Besides, studying at a community college can be more convenient because of its location.
Finally, community colleges offer a better environment for serious study and more high-quality teaching with less activities and more teaching-focused professors.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Compared with going to universities directly, attending community colleges has several advantages.运用过去分词作状语对第一段进行了总结。
[高分句型2] Firstly, community colleges charge much less money than universities do.  用than引导的比较状语从句对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
4．Being “outgoing” involves learning how to present yourself to others, starting conversations, and being more confident in yourself. Presenting yourself is to ask your friends, colleagues, or classmates to introduce you to their friends. Starting conversations means trying to make eye contact with the other people with a friendly smile in a social situation and using compliments. A good way to promote your confidence is to do something that makes you feel a little uncomfortable.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是有些人天生外向，但有些人需要练习才能变得外向。如果你想变得外向，有几个策略你可以使用。“外向”包括学习如何向别人展示自己，开始对话，对自己更加自信。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①Being “outgoing” involves learning how to present yourself to others, starting conversations, and being more confident in yourself.
②One of the easiest ways to present yourself is to ask your friends, colleagues, or classmates to introduce you to their friends. Another practical way to start a conversation with others is to use compliments(赞美).
③When you’re in a social situation, such as at a party, try to make eye contact with the other people there with a friendly smile.
④Doing something that makes you feel a little uncomfortable is a good way to promote your confidence and help you become a more outgoing version of yourself.
2.缜密构思
将第1和第2、3、4要点进行重组和整合。
3.遣词造句
Being “outgoing” involves learning how to present yourself to others, starting conversations, and being more confident in yourself.
Presenting yourself is to ask your friends, colleagues, or classmates to introduce you to their friends.
Starting conversations means trying to make eye contact with the other people with a friendly smile in a social situation and using compliments.
A good way to promote your confidence is to do something that makes you feel a little uncomfortable.
【点睛】[高分句型1]：Presenting yourself is to ask your friends, colleagues, or classmates to introduce you to their friends.运用一个动名词作主语，对第二段内容进行了概括，表达高级。
[高分句型2]：A good way to promote your confidence is to do something that makes you feel a little uncomfortable.运用that引导的定语从句对最后一段进行概括，表达非常高级。
5．Old computers are worthless, though many people are reluctant to believe it. Since computers are refreshed and becoming more powerful so quickly, it is a waste of money and time to repair an old computer instead of buying a new one. So, people are suggested to donate their old computers or to store them up.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，旧电脑毫无价值，尽管许多人不愿相信这一点。由于电脑更新换代和功能增强的速度如此之快，修理旧电脑而不是买一台新电脑是浪费金钱和时间。因此，建议人们捐赠他们的旧电脑或储存起来。
【详解】1 要点摘录
You have paid high prices for the old computer, but how much do you think it is worth now? Few people want to buy an old computer. Unfortunately, the only thing you can do is to throw it away.
They forget that new computers are becoming cheaper every day, making old computers almost worthless.
It will probably cost more to replace the hard disk with a new one than the computer itself is worth.
One suggestion was to give it to charity. The final one was to store it somewhere and hope that it would become a collector’s item in fifteen or twenty years.
2.缜密构思
将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句
Old computers are worthless, though many people are reluctant to believe it.
Since computers are refreshed and becoming more powerful so quickly, it is a waste of money and time to repair an old computer instead of buying a new one.
So, people are suggested to donate their old computers or to store them up.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Old computers are worthless, though many people are reluctant to believe it.运用though引导的让步状语从句对第五段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
[高分句型2] So, people are suggested to donate their old computers or to store them up.运用了被动语态对第四段进行了概括。
6．The oil industry aware of the bad effect of burning oil tries to persuade the government out of regulations that favor people’s health. The meat industry which also harms the environment does in the same way for the profits. Actually, in the western world, only economic giants influence the political power in making policy. To protect our health and planet, we ordinary people have no choice but fight against political power.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，石油工业意识到燃烧石油的不良影响，试图说服政府放弃有利于人们健康的规定。同样危害环境的肉类行业也以同样的方式谋取利润。事实上，在西方世界，只有经济巨人才能影响政治力量制定政策。为了保护我们的健康和地球，我们普通人别无选择，只能与政治权力作斗争。
【详解】1 要点摘录
①The oil industry has known for half a century that pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuel has severe threats to human health.And yet the same industry tries actively to persuade the government out of clean air regulations proposed to protect health and save lives.
②But healthier diets and lower emissions as a result of lower meat consumption would not satisfy big meat’s desire to maximize profits.
③In western countries, economic systems go hand-in-hand with political systems and there is often a direct connection between political influence and economic power. In other words, organized wealthy interest groups – like fossil fuel companies – had a powerful impact in shaping government policy; ordinary citizens didn’t.
④Without a determined effort to drive back the political power of these giant companies, our planet will continue to be destroyed. Time is not on our side.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
The oil industry aware of the bad effect of burning oil tries to persuade the government out of regulations that favor people’s health.
The meat industry which also harms the environment does in the same way for the profits.
Actually, in the western world, only economic giants influence the political power in making policy.
To protect our health and planet, we ordinary people have no choice but fight against political power.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The meat industry which also harms the environment does in the same way for the profits.运用了定语从句对原文第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] To protect our health and planet, we ordinary people have no choice but fight against political power.运用了不定式作目的状语，对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
7．It is hard to stick to our resolutions, which is the same case with forming a good habit. Good habits rely on more than determination. More importantly, we need to consider the reason for our desire for a good habit. Furthermore，to accept gradual change and failures also counts. Additionally, it is not advised to push ourselves out of the comfort zone. Thus, we are likely to develop a good habit.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍养成一个新的好习惯的方法。根据《欧洲社会心理学杂志》发表的一项研究，形成一个新习惯平均需要66天。然而，仅仅依靠决心可能不是答案。
【详解】1 要点摘录 （1）Commonly, when the new year ticks over, we make resolutions: going to the gym, studying harder or giving up a bad habit. Sadly, not long after we’ve made the promise, we often end up breaking them. （2）The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously. However, relying only on determination may not be the answer. （3）Questioning why you want something to be the norm（常态） rather than relying on your resolve could be the key. （4）You should also avoid trying to change too much at once – remember that it’s a case of baby steps. （5）Finally, don’t do things outside your comfort zone.
2.缜密构思 将第1、3两个要点进行重组，将第2、3两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句 It is hard to stick to our resolutions, which is the same case with forming a good habit. Good habits rely on more than determination. More importantly, we need to consider the reason for our desire for a good habit. Additionally, it is not advised to push ourselves out of the comfort zone. Thus, we are likely to develop a good habit.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It is hard to stick to our resolutions, which is the same case with forming a good habit.句中运用which引导的非限制性定语从句。
[高分句型2] Furthermore，to accept gradual change and failures also counts. 动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。其中count的意思是“重要，关键”。
[高分句型3] Additionally, it is not advised to push ourselves out of the comfort zone.句中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。
8．Anger doesn't solve all the problems in our daily life. So we'd better adopt some ways to deal with it. Understanding is a good way which can weaken our anger. Moreover, as a useful method, humor changes a serious situation to a relaxing one. In a word, it is of great importance for us to know how to get rid of anger and live a happy life.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，愤怒并不能解决我们日常生活中的所有问题。所以我们最好采取一些方法来处理它。理解是一种很好的方式可以减弱我们的愤怒。此外，幽默是一种有用的方法，它能使严肃的气氛变得轻松。总之，对我们来说，知道如何摆脱愤怒，过上幸福的生活是很重要的。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①However, in fact, with the exception of a few cases, an angry reaction rarely improves the situation. It only makes the situation worse. So consider the following alternatives to anger.
②One is understanding. If you do so, your anger will disappear.
③We need to use humor to turn any serious situation into a light one.
④So choose these alternative reactions to soften our heart and prevent anger from happening so that we can enjoy our life to the fullest.
2.缜密构思：将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Anger doesn't solve all the problems in our daily life. So we'd better adopt some ways to deal with it.
Understanding is a good way which can weaken our anger.
Moreover, as a useful method, humor changes a serious situation to a relaxing one.
In a word, it is of great importance for us to know how to get rid of anger and live a happy life.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Understanding is a good way which can weaken our anger.运用了which引导定语从句对原文第二段进行了概括，表达高级。
[高分句型2] In a word, it is of great importance for us to know how to get rid of anger and live a happy life.运用了it作形式主语对第四段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
9．Bullying, which does great harm to everyone related to it, has been spreading fast over the years, especially in schools and on the net. With the developing of the net, Cyber bullying becomes more and more popular, resulting great bad effects, including shocking number of suicides. School is another disaster area of bullying, with great number of kids affected. Serious as it may be, bullying can be stopped if we all take action against it immediately in a correct way.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了欺凌问题，尤其是校园欺凌和网络欺凌。随着网络的发展，网络欺凌变得越来越流行，造成了巨大的不良影响，但如果我们都立即以正确的方式采取行动，欺凌是可以被制止的。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
① Bullying has been an exceeding issue over the years. Every year more and more people become bullied at school and online. What is worrying us most is that the numbers of kids who are starting to become victims are increasing.
② Bullying has gone viral in the new communication era. Cyber bullying is what it's called when you bully someone over the internet. Just in 2020, as many as 1,200 teens were reported to have acted suicide because of cyber bully.
③ Bullying in school is still in play as well. Statistics show that on a daily average 160, 000 children miss school because they fear they will he bullied again.
④ Nobody likes a bully and being one may be a nightmare of the kids. If we all take a stand against bullying and not ignore it or even encourage it, I believe that we can put an end to it!
2. 缜密构思
要点1整合作为文章中心论点，要点2、3组合作为分论点，要点4整合作为解决方案。
3. 遣词造句
Bullying has great harm to everyone related to it and spreads fast over the years in schools and on the net.
Cyber bullying becomes popular with great bad effects and shocking number of suicides.
School is another disaster area of bullying. Great number of kids are affected by bullying. Even though bullying may be serious, it can be stopped if we all take action against it immediately in a correct way.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Bullying, which does great harm to everyone related to it, has been spreading fast over the years, especially in schools and on the net. 运用了非限定性定语从句作插入语对原文第一段进行了概括，其中副词especially做状语，句子涵盖的信息更加丰盈，如此布局句子表达比较高级。
[高分句型2] Serious as it may be, bullying can be stopped if we all take action against it immediately in a correct way. 运用了一个比较复杂的主从复合句概括了第四段的内容。其中if引导的条件状语从句、Serious as it may be倒装句用法比较高级。

10．According to researchers, perfectionism, which means people pursue perfection excessively, may contribute to poor mental health. By forming a growth mindset to see mistakes as learning opportunities, and replacing self-criticism with self-compassion, it's possible to overcome perfectionism. What you need to keep in mind is that perfection isn't equal to success, so try your best to do things well enough rather than demand too much of yourself.
【分析】本文是一篇议论文,介绍了完美主义的相关内容。文章首先提出完美主义的特点,然后指出完美主义对人的消极影响,接着提出有完美倾向的人应该做些什么来改变他们的行为,最后指出放弃完美并不意味着不那么功,关键是要想办法付出你可以为之自豪的努力,而不是要求自己完成不可能的事。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①According to researchers, perfectionists hold themselves to unrealistically high standards and become self-critical(自责的) if they believe they haven't met these standards.Perfectionism means people pursue perfection excessively /unrealistically.
②Perfectionism is actually linked to lower mental health
③One possible alternative to perfectionism is developing what psychologists call a growth mindset.Another potential alternative to perfectionism is to develop self-compassion(自我同情).
④Giving up on perfection doesn't mean being less successful, so try your best to struggle for “good enough" without demanding the impossible of yourself.
2.缜密构思
将1、2要点整合，将3、4要点重组。
3.遣词造句
Perfectionism means people pursue perfection excessively /unrealistically.
Perfectionism may actually contribute to/be linked to poor mental health.
By forming/ developing)growth mindset to see mistakes as learning opportunities, and replacing self-criticism with self-compassion, it's possible to overcome perfectionism.
Perfection isn't' equal to/ doesn’t mean success, so try your best to do things well enough rather than demand too much of yourself.
【点睛】[高分句型1]： According to researchers, perfectionism, which means people pursue perfection excessively, may contribute to poor mental health. 运用非限制性定语从句把第一段和第二段进行了概括。运用了pursue和contribute to等高级词汇。
[高分句型2]： What you need to keep in mind is that perfection isn't equal to success, so try your best to do things well enough rather than demand too much of yourself. 句子使用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。