河北高考英语阅读理解专项训练

这是一份河北高考英语阅读理解专项训练，共23页。
阅读理解
For sports fans, there’s nothing better than watching a live event on TV or at a sports field. But there’s nothing worse than that event being called off because of bad weather. Bad light, a waterlogged pitch (球场) or too much heat can cause matches to be postponed. But according to the latest research, extreme weather might be disturbing the sporting calendar more than ever in the future.
In one sport, golf, major tournaments like The Open, are already predicted to be victims of our changing climate. In the UK, an organization called The Climate Coalition says that golf courses such as the Old Course at St Andrews could be under water by the end of the century if sea level rise even slightly. It told the BBC that its research predicts “cancelled football matches, flooded cricket grounds and golf courses falling apart into the sea.”
The threat to sporting events from climate change has been further highlighted in a new report, officially approved and licensed by the Rapid Transition Alliance. Writing about this for the BBC, Matt McGrath says that “By 2050, it’s estimated that almost one in four English football league grounds can expect flooding every year.” This will mean fewer matches played, less opportunity to watch the beautiful game and reduced government taxation from ticket sales.
Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India, Australia and the West Indies. The report says that stadiums in Adelaide and Perth will see a 60% increase in days with temperatures over 40℃, over the next decade.
Of course, we know that the solution lies in reducing our carbon footprint. We could travel less to attend sports events, and reduce our waste when we do go. But this latest report finds that sports leaders are generally failing to address the issue seriously. However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential, maybe it should be players, teams, their sponsors as well as fans who promote a low-carbon message to help protect sports fields — before it’s “game over”.
1．What’s the latest research above mainly concerned with?
A．The rising sea level. B．The disappearing sporting events.
C．The severe environmental pollution. D．The influence of climate change on sports.
2．What influence will extreme weather have on the sports?
A．Football fans cannot afford the entrance fee.
B．Overheating will largely affect the cricket calendar.
C．The golf games will thoroughly disappear due to rising sea level.
D．Sports leaders will face bigger challenges to lead their teams to win.
3．What does the underlined part “the issue” refer to in the last paragraph?
A．The constant increase in sea level. B．The changing attitude of sponsors
C．The effective reduction of carbon footprints. D．The decreasing popularity of some sporting events.
4．The research is introduced to us mainly to .
A．appeal to sponsors for financial support
B．require governments’ protection of sports fields
C．popularize the awareness of low carbon life through sports
D．inform the readers of the worsening global climate change

Chase Poust is a 7-year-old boy. He and his dad Steven, as well as his 4-year-old sister, Abigail were out for a family boating trip on Florida’s St. Johns River near Mandarin Point. Chase and Abigail were swimming at the back end of the anchored (停泊的) boat while Steven was on deck fishing.
It was a pleasant outing—until a strong wave came. It was too strong for Abigail to hold onto the boat. Instantly realizing his sister would be swept away, Chase let go of the boat as well to try and reach her.
Steven jumped into the water but after realizing he couldn’t keep up with both kids, he was faced with a hard decision, “I told them loved them because I wasn’t sure what’s going to happen,” Steven told News-4 JAX. “I tried to stick with both of them. I wore myself out. She drifted away from me.”
Directing Chase lo swim to shore for help, Steven stayed behind, keeping as close as he could to Abigail as the life-vest that was keeping her above the waves floated further and further from his reach.
It was a tough go for the 7-year-old but rather than attempting to swim all out, Chase wisely paced himself. Stopping to float or dog paddle when he was tired, he’d rest and then set off again. It took Chase an hour to reach the shore. Once on solid ground, he ran to the nearest house and called for help.
Rescuers arrived soon to search for Steven and Abigail. Miraculously, the two were found and rescued about an hour later—more than a mild away from the family’s abandoned boat.
5．What happened during the family boating trip?
A．Chase went out fishing one. B．The boat ran into an anchored boat.
C．Steven fell off the boat by accident. D．Abigail was washed away by a wave.
6．Why was Steven faced with a hard decision?
A．He couldn’t stay close to both kids. B．He didn’t know how to swim.
C．He couldn’t find rescuers nearby. D．He wasn’t sure what might happen.
7．What did Steven ask Chase to do after the accident?
A．To hold Abigail tightly. B．To look for helpers.
C．To wait calmly in the water. D．To give the life-vest to Abigail.
8．Which of the following best describes Chase?
A．Brave and clever. B．Innocent and kind.
C．Proud and patient. D．Honest and helpful.

Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community cohesion(凝聚力), make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more. So, let’s check out our list of 4 inspiring urban gardens in the US.
Gotham Greens
Where: New York &Chicago
What: Gotham Greens first started in Brooklyn and now has four locations in New York City and Chicago. Their flagship farm in Brooklyn produces over 100,000 pounds of greens per year. But it doesn’t just produce healthy local vegetables. It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.
Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students
Where: Baltimore, Maryland
What: The Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students(BUGS)program encourages students to get their hands dirty and plant vegetables through their after-school and summer programs. Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces and have never had the opportunity to grow food.
ReVision Urban Farm
Where: Boston, Massachusetts
What: ReVision Urban Farm in Boston works in partnership with the ReVision Family Home-a shelter for 22 homeless parents and their kids. The farm provides these families with information on healthy eating, and access to the farm’s fresh vegetables. The organization also provides job training to help families escape the cycle of poverty,
Swale
Where: New York
What: Swale, a floating food forest located on a large boat, is an innovative project meant to inspire citizens to rethink the relationship between our cities and our food. This urban garden serves as both a living art exhibit and an educational farm Food forests are sustainable gardens that include vegetables, fruit, nut trees, bushes, herbs, and vines-each one complementing the other in a symbiotic(共生的)relationship.
9．What is special about(Gotham Greens)?
A．It offers homeless families information on healthy eating.
B．It creates a sustainable garden on a large boat.
C．It provides job training for students.
D．It uses high-tech greenhouses to grow healthy food.
10．Which urban garden offers first-hand farming experience?
A．Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students B．Swale
C．Revision Urban Farm D．Gotham Greens
11．What do these four urban gardens have in common?
A．They create job opportunities for farmers.
B．They are inspirational multinational project.
C．They are important for city dwellers(居民, 居住者).
D．They have educational and entertaining purposes.

I was about 30 years old and was working as a firefighter in the South Bronx Engine Co. 82. On a restful Sunday, I was reading a copy of The New York Times. I read an article on the Book Review section which openly stated an untrue and unfair statement about an Irish poet William Butler Yeats. As I read it, my blood began to boil.
I grabbed a piece of paper and wrote out a letter of anger to the editor. Yeats had lived his life and written his poetry through the very essence of his Irish sensibility. It was offensive to describe him in the way that article did. I didn’t know why I felt it my duty to safeguard the reputation of the world’s greatest poet. I just knew that I had to write the letter.
After the letter got published. J received a letter from The New Yorker asking for an interview. When my article Fireman Smith appeared in the magazine, the editor of a large publishing firm called me asking if I was interested in writing a book about my life. I had little confidence to write a whole book, though the subject was worthy. I wrote Report from Engine Co. 82 in six months. And it sold really well. In the years that followed, I wrote three more best-sellers.
Being a writer had been far from my expectations. How had it happened? I often found myself thinking about it. And my thoughts always came back to that letter to The New York Times. For me, the writing was a natural consequence of the passion I felt and the subjects represented the great values burning within me as I wrote.“
12．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph I imply?
A．I felt puzzled when I read the article.
B．I felt angry at the statement in the article.
C．I was very proud of Yeats being a universal author.
D．I became excited when I read about Yeats.
13．Why did the author write to the New York Times?
A．To spread Irish culture to the world.
B．To express his expectation of being a writer.
C．To present his love for literature.
D．To protect the reputation of an Irish poet.
14．According to the author, what is the key to his success in writing?
A．His educational background. B．His passion for writing.
C．His experience as a firefighter. D．His skills in arguing.
15．What is the best title of the passage?
A．My Defense of Ireland’s Greatest Poet. B．My Journey to Be a Writer.
C．A Letter That Changed My Life. D．How to Become a Great Author.

When it comes to technology, adults won’t be able to keep up with their children. It took radio 38 years to reach 50 million people, but it took only 20 years for the phone to reach the same number and 13 years for the television. However, it took Facebook 3.6 years and Twitter only needed 88 days. Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to be a great ability to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr. Jay Giedd, a brain expert.
We are now discovering that our brains during the teenage years are still flexible(灵活的). Having a more flexible brain means that certain functions of it, such as the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a long period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain adapt to new technology, allowing teenagers to keep up with the increasing pace(节奏)of digital technology, giving them an advantage when doing different tasks.
As they look at these screens, they’re dealing with information. There are concerns about how social media is affecting the way in which the brain learns to socialize. Giedd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are being changed by technology.
There is an advantage to the growing digital trend. YouTube shows that teenagers all over the world are watching the same things and laughing at the same jokes, showing that they are more global-minded than teenagers in the past. They are more open to other cultures, other countries, and other people.
16．How many years did it take for television to reach 50 million people?
A．38 years. B．20 years
C．15 years. D．13 years
17．What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Teenagers’ brains are flexible.
B．Teenagers are protected by their parents.
C．Teenagers are good at doing different tasks.
D．Teenagers’ abilities to make decisions haven’t developed.
18．What does the trend of using You Tube show?
A．Teenagers prefer to socialize online.
B．Teenagers spend much time on social media.
C．Teenagers are now more open-minded than those in the past.
D．Teenagers are more likely to be attracted by the Internet than grown-ups.
19．What may be the best title for the text?
A．Concerns about social media influence.
B．Teenage brains in the digital world.
C．Teenager-related technologies.
D．Development of teenage brains.

What will you do when you hear that one of the few bookstores in your neighborhood shuts down? If you’re Latanya DeVaughn, you will make a new and improved one! The Bronx mom and writer has always dreamed of opening her own bookstore, so after watching another close its doors for good, she saw her chance.
While Latanya said every neighborhood deserved a bookstore, opening physical stores on every block simply wasn’t possible. So she decided to bring the books to her neighbors, instead, by turning a bus into a bookmobile! With the help of her community she raised money for her dream and, at the end of 2021, it came true! Bronx Bound Books rolled out in style as a bus with orange cube bookshelves. “People love the way it smells,” Latanya added. “One woman said the wood smell makes her feel like she’s at home.”
Although the bookstore on wheels carries around 30,000 new and used books, it has more room than you might expect! Latanya also makes sure to prepare books with a variety of characters, so all readers can see themselves in the pages. Of course, her collection also features works of noted Black authors like James Baldwin and Alice Walker “It’s meant to be that way,” she explained, “because I remember going to bookstores and having to look through books just to find someone that I felt I could identify with.”
Setting up her bookstore in a new spot each day, Latanya is doing her part to make sure that everyone in the Bronx has books to read. That’s what Bronx Bound Books is open for. “I can’t open up a bookstore on every corner, but I can probably pop up on a lot of different corners,” she said.
Thanks to Latanya and Bronx Bound Books, the Bronx is becoming a heaven for book lovers day by day. I’m sure that the little bookstore will continue to develop quickly!
20．How did Latanga DeVoughn respond to the shutdown of bookstores?
A．She set up her own special bookstore.
B．She took over and reopened them soon.
C．She opened bookstores on every block.
D．She called on neighbors to open a new one.
21．James Baldwin and Alice Walker are mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that__________.
A．Bronx Bound Books has limited room
B．Latanya cares for individual readers’ need
C．all readers can identify with Black authors
D．it’s hard to store books with various characters
22．Why is Bronx Bound Books open?
A．To make reading accessible to everyone in the Bronx.
B．To open up a bookstore on every corner across the world.
C．To raise money for Latanya DeVaughn’s dream.
D．To recycle old books around the neighborhood
23．What does the author think of Bronx Bound Books?
A．Affordable. B．Convenient.
C．Promising. D．Alarming.

A study looked at the various modes of e-mobility in Germany to find e-bikes are all charged up and leading the pack.
The most surprising finding was the number of e-bikes: 18% of the respondents stated they used an e-bike, compared to an also impressive 7% who said they use an e-car. E-bikes were considered practical compared to regular bikes because of the reduced physical exertion and extended range. Another benefit of e-bikes over e-cars is that they are fun. This apparently makes them the most “attractive” form of an electric vehicle.
In North America, we often need a car to go around, but in Germany, just over half of the e-bike users managed to do so. However, 68% of these e car users did, probably “due to the ability to transport larger items”.
Perhaps the most interesting numbers are those for the distance travelled. E-bikes are used for trips with a length of 15 kilometers, significantly less than the 25 kilometer trip length for the e-cars but still a big number for a bike trip.
The study stated, “E-bikes are already the most commonly used means of electric transportation in Germany.”
This is good news for North America, which has fallen behind European countries in e-bike uptake. The U.S. Office of Energy Efficiency said, “Data collected on one-way household trips show that 59.4% of vehicle trips were less than six miles. In fact, three-fourths of all trips are ten miles or less.”
Others tell us that the infrastructure (设施) is terrible, but cities in Texas are investing in bike infrastructure. For the e-bike revolution to take off, we need good affordable bikes, safe places to ride, and secure places to park. It's also apparent that we need better regulation of e-bikes to ensure they all meet related standard to avoid battery fires like those happening in New York.
But in Germany, the overall success of e-bikes can be expected to continue both in terms of popularity of e-bikes and in terms of total sales.
24．What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Weight. B．Effort. C．Contact. D．Barrier.
25．What can we infer about North America from Paragraph 6?
A．It is poorer then Europe. B．Its residents prefer long trips.
C．Its road conditions are terrible. D．It has the conditions to promote e-bikes.
26．What is the author’s attitude toward the use of e-bikes?
A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Uninterested. D．Objective.
27．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．E-Bikes Still Need Improving B．E-Bikes Are Widely Used for Trips
C．E-Bikes Are Popular in Germany D．E-Bikes Are Coming to North America

If you’ve ever felt “butterflies in your stomach” when nervous, you’re likely getting signals from an unexpected source: your second brain. Hidden in the walls of the digestive system, this “brain in your gut (肠道) ” is revolutionizing medicine’s understanding of the links between digestion, mood and health.Scientists call this little brain the enteric nervous system(ENS 肠神经系统).
The ENS is two thin layers of more than 100 million nerve cells lining your gut. Unlike the big brain in your head, the ENS can’t calculate or compose a love note. “Its main role is controlling digestion,” explains Jay Pasricha, M.D．, director of the Johns Hopkins Center. “The enteric nervous system doesn’t seem capable of thought as we know it, but it communicates back and forth with our big brain.” For decades, researchers and doctors thought that anxiety and depression contributed to gut problems. But Pasricha’s research shows that it can also be the other way around.
Our two brains “talk” to each other, so treatments that help one may help the other. In a way, doctors who treat digestive conditions are like advisors looking for ways to comfort the second brain. Psychological approaches also help to improve communications between the big brain and the brain in our gut.
Pasricha says the research suggests that digestive-system activity may affect thinking skills and memory, too. “This is an area that needs more research, something we hope to do here at Johns Hopkins,” he says.
28．Why does the author mention “butterflies in your stomach” in paragraph 1?
A．To show the power of the ENS.
B．To prove the origin of the idiom.
C．To explain why you’re very nervous.
D．To engage the readers with the topic.
29．What does Pasricha’s research tell us?
A．The main role of the ENS has changed.
B．Depression contributes to gut problems.
C．The ENS affects what happens in the brain.
D．Gut problems are different from what they were.
30．What is the benefit of Pasricha’s research?
A．It helps to prevent stomach problems.
B．It leads to further brain improvement.
C．It creates new treatment opportunities.
D．It gives a guide for better communication.
31．What do we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The research proves quite fruitful.
B．There is still more to learn about mind-gut link.
C．Digestive-system activity has other bad influence.
D．Pasricha is determined to improve people’s memory.

Are men OK? Most likely, they’ll never tell you. Only 21% of men say they received emotional support from a friend within the past week, compared to 41% of women, according to a 2021 survey by the Survey Center on American Life. Similarly, just 25% of men say they’ve said “I love you” to a friend recently, as opposed to 49% of women.
It’s part of an “epidemic(流行病) of loneliness” that director Lukas Dhont says he wanted to explore in his new drama “Close”, which is Oscar-nominated (提名) for best foreign language film. It follows two close teen boys.
“Close” begins with Leo and Remi during summer vacation: running, biking and sleeping together in the peaceful Belgian countryside. They think nothing of their close connection -sharing beds at sleepovers or resting their heads on each other’s shoulders - until they return to middle school, where they are teased by their classmates. Consequently, Leo starts avoiding Remi and joins a hockey team. Remi, meanwhile, becomes deeply depressed.
“We live in this society that teaches young men to stop caring for trusty connections and be more distant with emotions,” Dhont says. There are all sorts of social standards that lead men and women in very different directions when it comes to friendship. Part of the problem is that young men are encouraged to build shoulder-to-shoulder friendships in team sports or group activities, rather than one-on-one relationships. Some parents might say if they’re watching their boys play a lot of sports and compete with another guy, that may be more typical. Whereas if they’re seeing them have long, private discussions, that would tend to go against gender(性别) expectations.
Hollywood “bromantic” comedies also tend to make light of male friendship, rather than give it the weight it deserves. But films like “Close” can help show young men positive examples of male friendship. “They need to have role models and actually see men being close with their friends,” Fager, a mental health expert says. If there are no examples around them of male love, and they are just told that close friendship with men is healthy and normal, the message won’t stick and the wound will last.”
32．What is Lukas Dhont’s new drama mainly about?
A．Middle school life. B．Male friendship.
C．Gender difference. D．Drama performance.
33．What is mainly discussed paragraph 4?
A．Why pure friendship is important.
B．What can be expected from the society.
C．How the society thinks boys should behave.
D．Whether children meet their parents’ expectations.
34．What can be inferred from Fager?
A．Role models help build male friendship.
B．Young men should watch “close” more.
C．Advocating publicly works for male friendship.
D．Bromantic comedies influence young men badly.

Sahana Vij, the granddaughter of Indian immigrants, has always been surrounded by food. Her mother taught her to make tasty bread and French toast when she was 5. Now 18, Vij is a self-taught baker who’s sharing her recipes with the world through her new cookbook, Bake Away.
Featuring 20 of her original recipes, Bake Away has been in the works since her first year of high school. It hit the shelves on Oct. 26, 2021. Each recipe in the cookbook is tied to a location. The first, for CPS bread, is inspired by Vij’s memory of picking fruit in her grandfather’s garden in Temescal Valley.
The University of California Irvine first year student intends to major in literary journalism and minor in environmental science, but baking is in her blood. “I want to work at newspapers or magazines and write columns, specifically about the environment. I love to write, but my dream job is to own my own bakery,” Vij says. “That’s really my passion.”
“UCI was a good fit for me because my family is around me,” Vij says. “Family is a really big part of my life — something I can depend on —and I go visit them a lot. Each Bake Away recipe comes from a different city and a different experience I’ve had with my family.”
Her favorite is the U District cake, influenced by the tea she used to share with her mother on their monthly trips to Seattle’s University District. “It’s my whole family’s favorite recipe because it just tastes so good and because we’ve been making it more as a family over the past year. It’s kind of become a family recipe.”
The profits from Bake Away will go to No Kid Hungry, a nonprofit working to end child hunger. “Growing up, my mom and my family were really involved in volunteering, and I always wanted to give back,” Vij says. “I decided to partner with No Kid Hungry, especially because the book involves food.”
35．Why does Vij love baking so much?
A．It brings her money and fame.
B．It is part of her nature and memories.
C．She wants to make her mother happy.
D．She tries to keep the immigrants’ tradition.
36．What contributes to Vij’s book most?
A．Her college education. B．Her courage to challenge.
C．Her sense of responsibility. D．Her good family attachment.
37．What is the best title for the text?
A．Recipe for Change B．Power of Love
C．Success of a Book D．Fight for Passion













参考答案：
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候变化已经影响到了体育领域。文章列举了一些受到气候变化影响的体育项目，并指出解决方案在于有效减少人类的碳足迹。
1．细节理解题。由第一段中的“But according to the latest research, extreme weather might be disturbing the sporting calendar more than ever in the future. (但根据最新研究，极端天气可能会在未来比以往任何时候都更扰乱体育日程)”可知，最新研究主要关注气候变化对体育运动的影响。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。由第一段中的“Bad light, a waterlogged pitch (球场) or too much heat can cause matches to be postponed. (光线不好、球场积水或过多的高温都可能导致比赛推迟)”和第四段中的“Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India, Australia and the West Indies. (随着印度、澳大利亚和西印度群岛等地气温的上升，板球在全球范围内也面临着巨大的挑战)”可知，过高气温将在很大程度上影响板球比赛日程。故选B项。
3．词句猜测题。由最后一段中的“Of course, we know that the solution lies in reducing our carbon footprint. We could travel less to attend sports events, and reduce our waste when we do go. But this latest report finds that sports leaders are generally failing to address the issue seriously. (当然，我们知道解决方案在于减少我们的碳足迹。我们可以减少去参加体育赛事的旅行，减少外出时的浪费。但这份最新报告发现，体育领导人普遍没有认真解决the issue)”可知，But表转折，说明虽然我们都知道解决办法在于减少碳足迹，但这份最新报告发现，体育领袖普遍没有认真对待有效减少碳足迹这个问题，划线词“the issue”指的是“碳足迹的有效减少”。故选C项。
4．推理判断题。由最后一段中的“However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential, maybe it should be players, teams, their sponsors as well as fans who promote a low-carbon message to help protect sports fields — before it’s “game over”. (然而，由于体育运动普遍受欢迎，而且可能非常有影响力，也许应该田运动员、球队及其赞助商和球迷来广泛宣传低碳信息，以便在“比赛结束”之前保护体育领域)”可知，文章向读者介绍研究情况，主要是为了通过运动普及低碳生活的意识。故选C项。
5．D 6．A 7．B 8．A

【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述7岁男孩Chase Poust（蔡斯﹒磅）在家人遇难后，勇敢地独自上岸寻求帮助，最后救了一家人的故事。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段“It was a pleasant outing—until a strong wave came. It was too strong for Abigail to hold onto the boat. Instantly realizing his sister would be swept away, Chase let go of the boat as well to try and reach her. (这是一次愉快的郊游，直到一阵巨浪袭来。船太大了，阿比盖尔抓不住船。蔡斯立刻意识到他的妹妹会被卷走，于是也放开了船，试图找到她。)”可知，蔡斯的妹妹阿比盖尔被巨浪卷走了。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第三段“I tried to stick with both of them. I wore myself out. She drifted away from me. (我试着坚持跟他们两个在一起。我累坏了。她渐渐离开了我。)”可知，Steven面临艰难抉择是因为他无法同时和两个孩子在一起。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段“Directing Chase lo swim to shore for help, Steven stayed behind (史蒂文指挥蔡斯游到岸上寻求帮助，他自己留下来。)”可知，史蒂文指挥蔡斯游到岸上寻求帮助。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据第五段“It was a tough go for the 7-year-old but rather than attempting to swim all out, Chase wisely paced himself. Stopping to float or dog paddle when he was tired, he’d rest and then set off again. It took Chase an hour to reach the shore. Once on solid ground, he ran to the nearest house and called for help. (这对这位7岁的孩子来说是一次艰难的尝试，但蔡斯并没有试图游完全程，而是明智地调整了自己的节奏。当他累了的时候，停下来漂浮或用狗划桨，他会休息一下，然后再出发。蔡斯花了一个小时才到达岸边。一到坚实的地面，他就跑到最近的房子里呼救。)”可知，蔡斯是一个勇敢有聪明的孩子。故选A。
9．D 10．A 11．C

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。它们为种植可持续粮食提供绿色空间，建立社区凝聚力等等。
9．细节理解题。根据文章“Gotham Greens(哥谭镇蔬菜)”部分中的“It is using high-tech greenhouses with solar panels to make sure the food grown is healthy and sustainable.(该公司正在使用带有太阳能电池板的高科技温室，以确保种植的食物是健康和可持续的。)”可知，它使用了高科技温室种植健康的食物。故选D项。
10．推理判断题。根据文章“Baltimore Urban Gardening with Students(巴尔的摩城市园艺与学生)”部分中的“Many of these kids don’t have access to green spaces, and have never had the opportunity to grow food.(这些孩子中的许多人没有机会接触绿色空间，也从来没有机会种植食物。)”可知，来这里进行园艺活动的孩子从来没有接触过农作，也从来没有机会尝试种植食物，由此可以推测出，该城市花园能向学生提供第一手的耕作经验。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Urban gardens are valuable assets to communities. They provide green spaces to grow sustainable food, build community unity, make new friends, connect with the earth, and much more.(城市花园是社区的宝贵资产。他们提供绿色空间来种植可持续的食物，建立社区团结，结交新朋友，与地球联系等等。)”可知，文章主要讲的是城市花园对城市人们的影响。由此可以推出，后文提到的四个城市花园都对城镇居民来说很重要。故选C项。
12．B 13．D 14．B 15．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是如何从一名消防员走上了写作之路，成为一名作家的。
12．词句猜测题。根据第二段第一句“I grabbed a piece of paper and wrote out a letter of anger to the editor.(我抓起一张纸，写了一封表达愤怒的信给编辑。)”可知，读完文章后，我写了一封表达愤怒的信给编辑，由此可知，我对文章中的陈述感到愤怒，画线句子表明我对文章中的陈述感到愤怒。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Yeats had lived his life and written his poetry through the very essence of his Irish sensibility. I didn’t know why I felt it my duty to safeguard the reputation of the world’s greatest poet. I just knew that I had to write the letter.(叶芝一生都在用爱尔兰情感的精髓写诗。我不知道为什么我觉得维护这位世界上最伟大诗人的声誉是我的责任。我只知道我必须写这封信。)”可知，我想维护这位世界上最伟大的爱尔兰诗人的声誉，所以我必须写这封信，由此可知，作者给《纽约时报》写信的目的是为了保护爱尔兰诗人的声誉。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“For me, the writing was a natural consequence of the passion I felt and the subjects represented the great values burning within me as I wrote.(对我来说，写作是我感受到的激情的自然结果，主题代表了我写作时内心燃烧的伟大价值观。)”可知，我认为写作是我感受到的激情的自然结果，由此可知，作者认为，他写作成功的关键是他对写作的激情。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段关键句“Being a writer had been far from my expectations. How had it happened? I often found myself thinking about it. And my thoughts always came back to that letter to The New York Times.”（成为一名作家与我的预期相去甚远。这是怎么发生的？我经常思考这件事。我总是回想起那封写给《纽约时报》的信。）可知，作者给《纽约时报》写信保护爱尔兰诗人的声誉，机缘巧合下，一家大型出版公司的编辑邀请作者写书，这促使作者走上了写作之路，成为一名作家，是这封信改变了我的生活轨迹，“A Letter That Changed My Life”意为“一封改变了我生活的信”，选项能够概括文章主要内容。故选C项。
16．D 17．A 18．C 19．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年拥有灵活的大脑，比成年人更能适应日新月异的科技时代，他们的思想也更加开放。
16．细节理解题。根据第一段“It took radio 38 years to reach 50 million people, but it took only 20 years for the phone to reach the same number and 13 years for the television.”（广播用了38年的时间才覆盖5000万人，但电话只用了20年就达到了同样的数字，电视只用了13年。）可知，电视只用了13年就覆盖了5000万人。故选D项。
17．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Having a more flexible brain means that certain functions of it, such as the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a long period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. ”（拥有一个更灵活的大脑意味着它的某些功能，例如做出长期决策的能力，还没有发展起来，这也可能解释了为什么我们要在父母的保护下度过很长一段时间，而不是在12岁或13岁时离开家。）以及“This also means that ”可知，本句也是在讲拥有灵活的头脑的影响，划线单词this指代的内容和上句的主语一致，即指代上文的Having a more flexible brain“青少年的大脑是灵活的”，即：拥有一个更灵活的大脑也意味着青少年的大脑会适应新技术，让青少年跟上数字技术日益增长的步伐，使他们在执行不同任务时具有优势，故选A项。
18．细节理解题。根据最后一段“YouTube shows that teenagers all over the world are watching the same things and laughing at the same jokes, showing that they are more global-minded than teenagers in the past. They are more open to other cultures, other countries, and other people.”（YouTube显示，世界各地的青少年都在看同样的事情，笑同样的笑话，这表明他们比过去的青少年更具全球意识。他们对其他文化、其他国家和其他人更加开放。）可知，使用YouTube的趋势说明现在的青少年比过去的人思想更开放。故选C项。
19．主旨大意题。根据第一段“And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to be a great ability to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr. Jay Giedd, a brain expert.”（大脑专家Jay Giedd博士表示，在这个世界上，最有可能使用它们的是青少年，他们的大脑似乎具有适应周围世界的强大能力。）及第二段“This also means that the teenage brain adapt to new technology, allowing teenagers to keep up with the increasing pace(节奏)of digital technology, giving them an advantage when doing different tasks.”（这也意味着青少年的大脑能够适应新技术，使青少年能够跟上数字技术不断增长的步伐，从而在完成不同任务时占据优势。）可知，本文主要讲述了青少年的大脑拥有适应世界的能力，特别是能够跟上数字技术不断增长的步伐，B项“数字世界中的青少年大脑”是对本文主旨的概括，符合题意。故选B项。
20．A 21．B 22．A 23．C

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位在布朗克斯的母亲拉塔妮娅·德沃恩发现大量实体书店倒闭后，开了一家流动书店以确保每一位布朗克斯的人有书可读的故事。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段“So she decided to bring the books to her neighbors, instead, by turning a bus into a bookmobile! With the help of her community she raised money for her dream and, at the end of 2021, it came true! .”（所以她决定把书带给她的邻居，而是把公交车变成了移动图书车！在社区的帮助下，她为自己的梦想筹集了资金，并在2021年底实现了。）可知，拉塔妮娅面对书店的倒闭她开设了自己特殊的书店。故选A项。
21．推理判断题。根据第三段““It’s meant to be that way,” she explained, “because I remember going to bookstores and having to look through books just to find someone that I felt I could identify with.””（“本来就是这样，”她解释道，“因为我记得我去书店，不得不翻阅书籍，只是为了找到一个我觉得可以认同的人。”）可知，作者在第三段提到詹姆斯·鲍德温和爱丽丝·沃克是为了展示拉塔妮娅关心每位读者的要求。故选B项。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“Setting up her bookstore in a new spot each day, Latanya is doing her part to make sure that everyone in the Bronx has books to read. That’s what Bronx Bound Books is open for.”（拉塔妮娅每天都在一个新的地方开设书店，她正在尽自己的一份力量确保布朗克斯的每个人都有书读。这就是布朗克斯精装书店的开放目的。）可知，布朗克斯精装书店的开放目的是让布朗克斯的每个人都能阅读。故选A项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thanks to Latanya and Bronx Bound Books, the Bronx is becoming a heaven for book lovers day by day. I’m sure that the little bookstore will continue to develop quickly!”（多亏了拉塔妮娅和布朗克斯精装书店，布朗克斯正日益成为书迷的天堂。我相信这家小书店会继续快速发展！）可知，作者认为布朗克斯精装书店是有前景的。故选C项。
24．B 25．D 26．A 27．C

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会，文章主要介绍了德国电动交通工具的发展，电动自行车成为了德国最受欢迎的出行方式。
24．词义猜测题。文章第二段讲到“E-bikes were considered practical compared to regular bikes because of the reduced physical exertion and extended range. Another benefit of e-bikes over e-cars is that they are fun. This apparently makes them the most ‘attractive’ form of an electric vehicle.(与普通自行车相比，电动自行车被认为是实用的，因为它减少了体力消耗，续航里程更长。电动自行车比电动汽车的另一个好处是它们很有趣。这显然使它们成为电动汽车中最‘有吸引力’的形式。)”可知本段介绍了电动自行车的好处：节省体力消耗，扩大行驶范围，由此推断画线词与effort意思相近，故选B。
25．推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“E-bikes are used for trips with a length of 15 kilometers, significantly less than the 25 kilometer trip length for the e-cars but still a big number for a bike trip. (然而，68%的电动汽车用户做到了，这可能是‘因为他们能够运输更大的物品’。)”以及第六段“Data collected on one-way household trips show that 59.4% of vehicle trips were less than six miles. In fact, three-fourths of all trips are ten miles or less (收集的家庭单程旅行数据显示，59.4%的车辆行程小于6英里。事实上，四分之三的行程小于或等于10英里)”可知从第六段我们可以推断出北美有条件推广电动自行车，故选D。
26．推理判断题。文章倒数第一段讲到“But in Germany, the overall success of e-bikes can be expected to continue both in terms of popularity of e-bikes and in terms of total sales. (但在德国，无论是从电动自行车的受欢迎程度还是从总销量来看，电动自行车的总体成功都有望继续。)”可知因此判断作者对电动自行车的使用是持支持态度的，故选A。
27．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了德国电动交通工具的发展，电动自行车成为了德国最受欢迎的出行方式。文章最后一段讲到“But in Germany, the overall success of e-bikes can be expected to continue both in terms of popularity of e-bikes and in terms of total sales. (但在德国，无论是从电动自行车的受欢迎程度还是从总销量来看，电动自行车的总体成功都有望继续。)”可知本文的最佳标题是电动自行车在德国很受欢迎，故选C。
28．D 29．C 30．C 31．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，隐藏在消化系统壁上的“肠道大脑”正在彻底改变医学对消化、情绪和健康之间联系的理解。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you’ve ever felt “butterflies in your stomach” when nervous, you’re likely getting signals from an unexpected source: your second brain. Hidden in the walls of the digestive system, this “brain in your gut (肠道) ” is revolutionizing medicine’s understanding of the links between digestion, mood and health.Scientists call this little brain the enteric nervous system(ENS 肠神经系统). (如果你在紧张的时候感到“肚子里七上八下”，你很可能从一个意想不到的来源得到了信号：你的第二大脑。这种隐藏在消化系统壁上的“肠道大脑”正在彻底改变医学对消化、情绪和健康之间联系的理解。科学家称这个小大脑为肠道神经系统。)”可知，作者提到“butterflies in your stomach”的目的是为了向读者引出本文的主题，也就是——隐藏在消化系统壁上的“肠道大脑”正在彻底改变医学对消化、情绪和健康之间联系的理解。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Its main role is controlling digestion,” explains Jay Pasricha, M.D., director of the Johns Hopkins Center. “The enteric nervous system doesn’t seem capable of thought as we know it, but it communicates back and forth with our big brain.” For decades, researchers and doctors thought that anxiety and depression contributed to gut problems. But Pasricha’s research shows that it can also be the other way around.( “它的主要作用是控制消化，”约翰霍普金斯中心主任Jay Pasricha医学博士解释说。“肠道神经系统似乎没有我们所知道的思考能力，但它与我们的大脑来回交流。”几十年来，研究人员和医生认为焦虑和抑郁会导致肠道问题。但Pasricha的研究表明，情况也可能相反。)”可知，肠神经系统会影响大脑。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Our two brains “talk” to each other, so treatments that help one may help the other. In a way, doctors who treat digestive conditions are like advisors looking for ways to comfort the second brain. Psychological approaches also help to improve communications between the big brain and the brain in our gut.(我们的两个大脑相互“交谈”，所以对一个大脑有帮助的治疗可能对另一个大脑也有帮助。在某种程度上，治疗消化疾病的医生就像顾问一样，寻找安慰第二大脑的方法。心理学方法也有助于改善大脑和肠道大脑之间的沟通。)”可知，Pasricha的研究为以后的治疗提供了更多的治疗思路。故选C。
31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Pasricha says the research suggests that digestive-system activity may affect thinking skills and memory, too. “This is an area that needs more research, something we hope to do here at Johns Hopkins,” he says.( Pasricha说，研究表明，消化系统的活动也可能影响思维能力和记忆力。“这是一个需要更多研究的领域，我们希望在约翰霍普金斯大学做一些事情，”他说。)”可知，关于消化系统和大脑之间的联系，还有更多需要研究的方面。故选B。
32．B 33．C 34．A

【导语】本文是一篇影评。文章主要介绍了电影《亲密》，这部电影主要讲述了男孩之间的亲密友谊，并提到了这类电影的积极意义。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s part of an “epidemic(流行病) of loneliness” that director Lukas Dhont says he wanted to explore in his new drama “Close”, which is Oscar-nominated (提名) for best foreign language film. It follows two close teen boys.(这是“孤独流行病”的一部分，导演Lukas Dhont表示，他想在自己的新片《亲密》中探索这一问题。该片获得了奥斯卡最佳外语片提名。它讲述了两个亲密的十几岁的男孩。)”可知，Lukas Dhont的新片主要讲述了男性之间的友谊。故选B。
33．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段““We live in this society that teaches young men to stop caring for trusty connections and be more distant with emotions,” Dhont says. There are all sorts of social standards that lead men and women in very different directions when it comes to friendship. Part of the problem is that young men are encouraged to build shoulder-to-shoulder friendships in team sports or group activities, rather than one-on-one relationships. Some parents might say if they’re watching their boys play a lot of sports and compete with another guy, that may be more typical. Whereas if they’re seeing them have long, private discussions, that would tend to go against gender(性别) expectations.(“我们生活在这样一个社会里，这个社会教导年轻人不要再去关心那些值得信赖的关系，要与情感保持距离，”Dhont说。当涉及到友谊时，有各种各样的社会标准导致男人和女人走向截然不同的方向。问题的部分原因是，年轻人被鼓励在团队运动或团体活动中建立肩并肩的友谊，而不是一对一的关系。一些父母可能会说，如果他们看到自己的儿子经常运动，和另一个男孩竞争，那可能更典型。然而，如果他们看到他们进行长时间的私人讨论，这往往会违背对性别的期望。)”可知，第四段主要讲述的是社会对于男孩行为的标准。故选C。
34．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““They need to have role models and actually see men being close with their friends,” Fager, a mental health expert says. If there are no examples around them of male love, and they are just told that close friendship with men is healthy and normal, the message won’t stick and the wound will last.”(心理健康专家Fager说：“他们需要有榜样，并实际看到男性与朋友的亲密关系。如果他们身边没有男性之爱的例子，而只是被告知与男性建立亲密友谊是健康和正常的，那么这种信息就不会根深蒂固，伤口也会持续下去。”)”可知，榜样对于男性友谊的建立非常重要。故选A。
35．B 36．D 37．A

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一个大一年级的学生，自学成才，她通过自己的新食谱《Bake Away》与世界分享她的食谱。
35．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Sahana Vij, the granddaughter of Indian immigrants, has always been surrounded by food.Her mother taught her to make tasty bread and French toast when she was 5. Now 18, Vij is a self-taught baker who’s sharing her recipes with the world through her new cookbook, Bake Away.(Sahana Vij是印度移民的孙女，她总是被食物包围着。她5岁时，母亲教她做美味的面包和法式吐司。现年18岁的Vij是一名自学成才的面包师，她通过自己的新食谱《Bake Away》与世界分享她的食谱)”可知，Vij喜欢烘焙有一部分是源自于幼时的回忆也是由于自身的天赋。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““UCI was a good fit for me because my family is around me,” Vij says. “Family is a really big part of my life-something I can depend on-and I go visit them a lot. Each Bake Away recipe comes from a different city and a different experience I’ve had with my family.”(“加州大学欧文分校很适合我，因为我的家人都在我身边，”Vij说。“家人是我生活中很重要的一部分，是我可以依靠的东西，我经常去看望他们。每个《Bake Away》食谱都来自不同的城市，以及我和家人的不同经历。”)”可知，Vij的这本食谱书承载了和家人一起的各种回忆，所以良好的家庭关系是这本书成功的一大因素。故选D。
37．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Sahana Vij, the granddaughter of Indian immigrants, has always been surrounded by food. Her mother taught her to make tasty bread and French toast when she was 5. Now 18, Vij is a self-taught baker who’s sharing her recipes with the world through her new cookbook, Bake Away.(Sahana Vij是印度移民的孙女，她总是被食物包围着。她5岁时，母亲教她做美味的面包和法式吐司。现年18岁的Vij是一名自学成才的面包师，她通过自己的新食谱《Bake Away》与世界分享她的食谱)”可知，Vij通过自学成才成为了一名面包师，并出了一本食谱书。再根据文章第四段““UCI was a good fit for me because my family is around me,” Vij says. “Family is a really big part of my life-something I can depend on-and I go visit them a lot. Each Bake Away recipe comes from a different city and a different experience I’ve had with my family.”(“加州大学欧文分校很适合我，因为我的家人都在我身边，”Vij说。“家人是我生活中很重要的一部分，是我可以依靠的东西，我经常去看望他们。每个《Bake Away》食谱都来自不同的城市，以及我和家人的不同经历。”)”可知，这些食谱都来自不同的城市和家人不同的经历。由此可知，Recipe for Change(改变的食谱)适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。