真题重组卷03——2023年高考英语真题汇编重组卷（天津卷）

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绝密★启用前
冲刺2023年高考英语真题重组卷03
天津地区专用（解析版）
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项:
1. 每小题选出答案后, 用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题, 共95分。
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例:Stand over there ______ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1.（2019年高考天津卷）—I guess you want to go play tennis.
—__________. That’s exactly what I was thinking too.
A. I didn’t get it B. It’s up to you
C. You never know D. You read my mind
【答案】D
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：——我猜你想去打网球。——你猜透了我的心思。那就是我正在想着的事情。从回答的后半句可知，听话人同意说话人的意思。而A（不明白，不认同某人的说法）、B（决于你）和C（很难说，不可预知）都不符合语境。“you read my mind”意为“你知我心”，符合语境，故选D。
2. （2022年高考天津卷）Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions.
A. prepare B. prepares
C. is preparing D. are preparing
【答案】B
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为Critical reasoning，谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故选B项。
3.（2022年高考天津卷） ________ his restless students occupied with an indoor sport on rainy days, James Naismith created basketball.
A. To be kept B. Kept C. To keep D. Keeping
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让精力充沛的学生能够在雨天待在室内活动，James Naismith创造了篮球。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处意为“为了”表示目的，所以该处为不定式作目的状语,且keep与逻辑主语James Naismith之间为主动关系。故选C项。
4. （2022年高考天津卷）________ gardening may be hard physical work, those who love it find it very relaxing mentally.
A. Although B. Once C. Since D. Unless
【答案】A
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然园艺有可能是艰难的体力工作，但是对于那些热爱园艺的人来讲，它却是脑力上的放松。A. Although尽管；B. Once一……就……；C. Since自从；D. Unless除非。由语意可知，“园艺是项艰难的体力工作”与“对于热爱园艺的人而言，园艺工作是脑力上的放松”之间是让步关系，所以此处应用连词although表让步。故选A项。
5.（2017年高考天津卷）Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
【答案】A
【解析】句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A.安顿下来，B. 远离;起床;D.插嘴。根据句意，故选 A。
6. （2020年高考天津卷）Dr. Rowan, ______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
7. （2020年高考天津卷）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______.
A. worthwhile B. necessary C. optional D. serious
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。
8. （2020年高考天津卷）I never worried about my son while I was away because my mother ______ him.
A. drank a toast to B. played a joke on
C. kept an eye on D. made an apology to
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我不在的时候从不担心我的儿子，因为我母亲会照看他。A. drank a toast to为……干杯；B. played a joke on开……的玩笑；C. kept an eye on照看，留意，密切注视；D. made an apology to向……道歉。因为母亲会“照看”我的儿子，所以“我”不在的时候从来不担心孩子。C选项符合语境，故选C。
9. （2021年高考天津卷）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A. when B. where C. what D. whether
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。
10. （2021年高考天津卷）I told you! I really am ranked the lowest. Number 25 out of 25 players.
________ You've got nowhere to go but up.
A. Tell me a bit more.
B. I'm not so sure about that.
C. Look on the bright side!
D. That is absolute nonsense!
【答案】C
【解析】考查交际用语。句意：——我告诉过你！我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tell me a bit more再多告诉我一些；B.I'm not so sure about that对此我不确定；C.Look on the bright side!抱乐观态度；D.That is absolute nonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You've got nowhere to go but up. ”可知，此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。
11. （2021年高考天津卷）Although a few have come and gone, the restaurant's regular customers have________ the same for nearly 40 years.
A. stayed B. turned C. grown D. got
【答案】A
【解析】考查系动词动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有一些人来了又走了，但这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。A.stayed保持；B.turned变成（某种颜色）；C.grown变得；D.got变成。根据“the restaurant's regular customers”以及“the same for nearly 40 years”可知，这家餐厅的老顾客已经光顾这家店近40年了。stay“保持”，表示老顾客保持40年不变。故选A项。
12. （2020年高考天津卷）For my fifth birthday, my mother baked me a cake ______ a monkey.
A. in the shape of B. beyond the reach of
C. at the mercy of D. on the side of
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意:我五岁生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。A. in the shape of呈……形状；B. beyond the reach of超出……的能力之外C. at the mercy of 受……的支配；D. on the side of拥护……，站在……的一边。蛋糕是猴子“形状”的。故选A。
13. （2020年高考天津卷）We can’t ______ buying a new printer for our company. The one we have doesn’t work.
A. take up B. carry out C. keep on D. put off
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们不能推迟为公司买一台新打印机。我们现在的那个不运转了。A. take up占据； B. carry out实施；C. keep on 继续；D. put off推迟。根据“the one we have doesn’t work”可知，我们平时用的打印机不运转了。所以，我们必须马上买一台新打印机。即:我们不能“推迟”买打印机。故选D。
14. （2021年高考天津卷）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted.
---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think.
A. may have made
B. should have made
C. Couldn’t have made
D. needn't have made
【答案】A
【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldnt have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。
15. （2022年高考天津卷）—Angela just doesn’t like me. She won’t even say hello.
—________. Actually, she’s very shy.
A. I have no idea B. Don’t jump to conclusions
C. Don’t mention it D. There is no doubt about it
【答案】B
【解析】考查情景交际。句意：—Angela不喜欢我罢了。她甚至不愿意跟我打招呼。——不要太早下结论。事实上，她只是害羞而已。A. I have no idea 我不知道；B. Don’t jump to conclusions不要太早下结论；C. Don’t mention it不用谢；D. There is no doubt about it这一点毫无疑问。根据下文“Actually, she’s very shy.”可推断，不要太早下结论说Angela不喜欢说话人，她实际上只是害羞。故选B。
第二节:完形填空(共20小题:每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
（2021年高考天津卷）My brother and I are exactly one year apart. We look like twins, but we are completely ____16____ . By the time we got to middle school it was clear that my older brother ____17____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____18____ who preferred the theatrical, even when off stage. I took his relative silence to be offensive. We simply didn't ____19____.
I didn't ____20____ having a tense relationship with my brother because I was involved at school. ____21____, I threw myself into the world of musicals. I practised singing in the bedroom every day to remain at my best and be ____22____ for roles; my brother would meditate on a window seat. He might feel high school was already hard enough ____23____ my noisy singing. So space to practise became a（n）____24____ between us because we shared a room.
At the start of the semester, I practised “Circle of Life" for a musical. This was the first time I _____25_____ to learn a song, because my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice. I was annoyed in that period and _____26_____ practising, declaring I had reached the ceiling of my singing career. For the first time in years my brother _____27_____ quiet when I got home.
After two days of this, my brother asked me to _____28_____ him in meditation. Feeling my anger at my inability to manage this song _____29_____,I accepted. My brother said, "When your mind floats away, you simply come back. Don't blame yourself" I got the message, and it soon became my new _____30_____. I kept trying at the song, no longer getting _____31_____ at myself. And just in time for the trial performance, I was able to _____32_____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice. It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything _____33_____ the first time and that good things come with continual _____34_____.I now understand why my brother favours the _____35_____.
16. A. mature B. different C. content D. normal
17. A. disliked B. preferred C. replaced D. abandoned
18. A. writer B. leader C. painter D. performer
19. A. get along B. drop by C. show off D. check in
20. A. try B. mind C. enjoy D. delay
21. A. In particular B. In vain C. In return D. In theory
22. A. humorous B. ordinary C. competitive D. grateful
23. A. above B. below C. near D. without
24. A. issue B. contrast C. agreement D. balance
25. A. struggled B. expected C. promised D. decided
26. A. began B. allowed C. stopped D. continued
27. A. hated B. experienced C. accepted D. wanted
28. A. help B. invite C. join D. admire
29. A. gracefully B. suddenly C. fiercely D. cautiously
30. A. limit B. sentence C. mistake D. philosophy
31. A. rude B. angry C. surprised D. excited
32. A. lose B. share C. reduce D. maintain
33. A. wrong B. right C. back D. down
34. A. luck B. absence C. effort D. fear
35. A. fight B. noise C. quiet D. safety
【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。
16.【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们看起来像双胞胎，但实际上我们是完全不同的。A. mature成熟的；B. different不同的；C. content满意的；D. normal正常的。根据下文“my older brother ____2____ meditation (冥想),while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical,”哥哥喜欢冥想而作者喜欢表演，前后对比可知二者性格不同。故选B。
17.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. disliked不喜欢；B. preferred更喜欢；C. replaced取代；D. abandoned抛弃，放弃。根据句中对比的内容“while I was a born ____3____ who preferred the theatrical”和preferred呼应，可知哥哥更喜欢冥想。故选B。
18.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到我们上中学的时候，很明显，我哥哥更喜欢冥想，而我是一个天生的表演者，喜欢戏剧，即使是在舞台下。A. writer作家；B. leader领导者；C. painter画家；D. performer表演者。根据“the theatrical ,even when off stage.”和下文的“in time for the trial performance”可知作者喜欢表演。故选D。
19.【答案】A
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们就是合不来。A. get along相处，进展；B. drop by顺便拜访；C. show off炫耀；D. check in登记，报到。根据上句“I took his relative silence to be offensive.”及下文“a tense relationship with my brother”作者和哥哥性格和爱好不同，作者甚至认为哥哥相对沉默是一种冒犯，可知两人相处地不好，关系紧张。故选A。
20.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不介意和我哥哥关系紧张，因为我在学校很忙。A. try试图，努力；B. mind介意；C. enjoy欣赏，享受；D. delay推迟，延误。根据句中“because I was involved at school.”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知在学校很忙，在家依然我行我素，并不介意和哥哥的关系。故选B。
21. 【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：特别是，我全身心地投入了音乐剧的世界。A. In particular尤其，特别；B. In vain徒劳；C. In return作为回报；D. In theory理论上。根据上文“preferred the theatrical”和下文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”可知作者非常喜欢音乐。故选A。
22.【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我每天在卧室里练习唱歌，以保持最佳状态，争取角色；我哥哥会坐在靠窗的座位上冥想。A. humorous幽默的；B. ordinary普通的，平常的；C. competitive竞争的；D. grateful感激的。根据“I practised singing in the bedroom every day” 作者每天练习，可知竞争很激烈。故选C。
23.【答案】D
【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：就算没有我吵闹的歌声，他也会觉得高中已经够难的了。A. above超过，在……之上；B. below在……下面；C. near在……附近；D. without没有。哥哥经常冥想，作者认为即使没有自己吵闹的歌声，哥哥也会觉得高中很难。故选D。
24. 【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以练习的空间成了我们之间的问题，因为我们共用一个房间。A. issue问题，发行；B. contrast对比，差异；C. agreement同意，一致；D. balance平衡。根据上文“a tense relationship with my brother”和句中“we shared a room.”可知练习唱歌的空间是作者和哥哥之间的问题。故选A。
25. 【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次费劲地学歌，因为当我切换到头音时，我的声音嘶哑了。A. struggled奋斗，努力；B. expected预期，盼望；C. promised允诺，许诺；D. decided决定。根据“my voice cracked (破音)as I switched to a head voice”可知作者学歌很费劲。故选A。
26. 【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间里，我很恼火，停止了练习，宣称自己已经达到了歌唱事业的顶峰。A. began开始；B. allowed允许，准许；C. stopped停止；D. continued继续。根据下文“my brother ____12____ quiet when I got home.”家里安静了，可知作者停止了练习唱歌。故选C。
27.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回家时，哥哥多年来第一次感到安静。A. hated厌恶；B. experienced体验，经历；C. accepted接受；D. wanted想要。因为作者停止在家唱歌了，哥哥体验到了家里的安静。故选B。
28.【答案】C
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样过了两天，我哥哥要我和他一起冥想。A. help帮助；B. invite邀请；C. join参加；D. admire钦佩。根据下文“I accepted”可知哥哥让作者和他一起冥想，作者同意了。故选C。
29.【答案】A
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己无法优美地驾驭这首歌很生气，于是就接受了。A. gracefully优美地，优雅地；B. suddenly突然；C. fiercely猛烈地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据下文“I was able to ____17____ power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice.”可知作者想优美地驾驭这首歌。故选A。
30.【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我明白了这个意思，它很快就成为了我的新哲学。A. limit限度；B. sentence句子，判决；C. mistake错误；D. philosophy哲学。根据下文“It was important for me to learn that you don't have to always get everything ____18____ the first time and that good things come with continual ____19____.”可知作者把哥哥的话作为自己的哲学。故选D。
31. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直试着唱这首歌，不再生自己的气了。A. rude粗鲁的；B. angry生气的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. excited兴奋的。与上文“I was annoyed in that period和my anger at my inability”呼应，可知作者开始因为自己唱不好生气，现在想明白了，不生气了。故选B。
32. 【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在试演的时候，尽管换了头音，我还是能保持唱歌的能力。A. lose丢失；B. share分享；C. reduce减少；D. maintain保持。根据句中“was able to”和下文“good things come with”可知作者成功保持了唱歌的能力。故选D。
33. 【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. wrong错误的；B. right正确的；C. back后面的；D. down情绪低落的。根据作者的经历和常识可知，第一次做事不一定能做好。故选B。
34. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是要知道，你不必总是在第一次就把每件事都做正确，好的事情总是伴随着不断的努力而来。A. luck运气；B. absence缺席；C. effort努力；D. fear害怕，担心。根据上文“I practised singing in the bedroom every day”和“I kept trying at the song”可知只有不断努力才能成功。故选C。
35. 【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在明白我哥哥为什么喜欢安静了。A. fight斗争，打架；B. noise噪音；C. quiet安静，和平；D. safety安全。根据上文“my older brother ____2____ meditation”“my brother would meditate on a window seat.”可知哥哥喜欢冥想，喜欢安静。故选C。
第二部分:阅读理解(共20小题:每少题2. 5分, 满分50分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
（2022年高考天津卷）Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies, dinners out), too.
36. Who is this passage most probably written for?
A. College teachers.
B. University graduates.
C. High school teachers.
D. Would-be college students.
37. What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal?
A. Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B. Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C. Purchase a clear, updated roadmap.
D. Push oneself to an upper level.
38. One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A. prepare complicated questions
B. try on someone else’s shoes
C. listen to others carefully
D. take advantage of others
39. What is the key to successful college study according to the author?
A. Being well-organized.
B. Being well-informed.
C. Effective reading skills.
D. Reliable research methods.
40. To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A. save money for financial investment
B. estimate one’s income and expenses
C. set aside money for fun activities
D. open a personal bank account
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
36. 【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot of changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
37. 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。
38. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会倾听。故选C项。
39. 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organization is the key，so if you are not someone who is naturally organized，set up your study schedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故选A项。
40. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college hat they develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance.(管理资金是一项至关重要的生活技能，对许多人来说，这是他们在大学帽子上第一次发展它。首先估计您的财务状况。)”，可知大学生要学会自主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。
B
（2017年高考天津卷）Fifteen years ago, I took a summer vacation in Lecce in southern Italy. After climbing up a hill for a panoramic(全景的) view of the blue sea, white buildings and green olive trees, I paused to catch my breath and then positioned myself to take the best photo of this panorama.
Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view. Like me, this woman was here to stop, sigh and appreciate the view.
Patient as I was, after about 15 minutes, my camera scanning the sun and reviewing the shot I would eventually take, I grew frustrated. Was it too much to ask her to move so I could take just one picture of the landscape? Sure, I could have asked her, but something prevented me from doing so. She seemed so content in her observation. I didn’t want to mess with that.
Another 15 minutes passed and I grew bored. The woman was still there. I decided to take the photo anyway. And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.
This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom. What would she think if she knew that her figure is captured(捕捉) and frozen on some stranger’s bedroom wall? A bedroom, after all, is a very private space, in which some woman I don’t even know has been immortalized(使……永存). In some ways, she lives in my house.
Perhaps we all live in each others’ spaces. Perhaps this is what photos are for: to remind us that we all appreciate beauty, that we all share a common desire for pleasure, for connection, for something that is greater than us.
That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.
41. What happened when the author was about to take a photo?
A. Her camera stopped working.
B. A woman blocked her view.
C. Someone asked her to leave.
D. A friend approached from behind.
42. According to the author, the woman was probably___________.
A. enjoying herself
B. losing her patience
C. waiting for the sunset
D. thinking about her past
43. In the author’s opinion, what makes the photo so alive?
A. The rich color of the landscape.
B. The perfect positioning of the camera.
C. The woman’s existence in the photo.
D. The soft sunlight that summer day.
44. The photo on the bedroom wall enables the author to better understand ____________.
A. the need to be close to nature
B. the importance of private space
C. the joy of the vacation in Italy
D. the shared passion for beauty
45. The passage can be seen as the author’s reflections upon _____________.
A. a particular life experience B. the pleasure of traveling
C. the art of photography D. a lost friendship
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。
41.【答案】B
【解析】根据第二段第一句Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman approached from behind, and planted herself right in front of my view可知选B。
考点：考查推理判断。
42. 【答案】A
【解析】根据第一段的句子 She seemed so content in her observation.可知选A。
43.【答案】C
【解析】试根据第四段的句子And now when I look at it, I think her presence in the photo is what makes the image interesting. The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow comes to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.可知选C。
44.【答案】D
【解析】根据第五段的句子This photo, with the unique beauty that unfolded before me and that woman who “ruined” it, now hangs on a wall in my bedroom.可知选D。
45.【答案】A
【解析】最后两段内容是作者对这次特殊经历的感悟，所以这篇文章可以看做是作者对一次特殊经历的深入思考。故选A。
C
（2019年高考天津卷）How does an ecosystem(生态系统) work? What makes the populations of different species the way they are? Why are there so many flies and so few wolves? To find an answer, scientists have built mathematical models of food webs, noting who eats whom and how much each one eats.
With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones. When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked. Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term. If a predator can eat several species, it can survive the extinction(灭绝) of one of them. And if a predator can move on to another species that is easier to find when a prey species becomes rare, the switch allows the original prey to recover. The weak links may thus keep species from driving one another to extinction.
Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead to big effects throughout entire ecosystems. In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.
And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.
Scientists have built an early-warning system based on mathematical models. Ideally, the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline. Prevention is key, scientists say, because once ecosystems pass their tipping point(临界点), it is remarkably difficult for them to return.
46. What have scientists discovered with the help of mathematical models of food webs?
A. The living habits of species in food webs.
B. The rules governing food webs of the ecosystems.
C. The approaches to studying the species in the ecosystems.
D. The differences between weak and strong links in food webs.
47. A strong link is found between two species when a predator ________.
A. has a wide food choice
B. can easily find new prey
C. sticks to one prey species
D. can quickly move to another place
48. What will happen if the populations of top predators in a food web greatly decline?
A. The prey species they directly attack will die out.
B. The species they indirectly attack will turn into top predators.
C. The living environment of other species will remain unchanged.
D. The populations of other species will experience unexpected changes.
49. What conclusion can be drawn from the examples in Paragraph 4?
A. Uncontrolled human activities greatly upset ecosystems.
B. Rapid economic development threatens animal habitats.
C. Species of commercial value dominate other species.
D. Industrial activities help keep food webs stable.
50. How does an early-warning system help us maintain the ecological balance?
A. By getting illegal practices under control.
B. By stopping us from killing large predators.
C. By bringing the broken-down ecosystems back to normal.
D. By signaling the urgent need for taking preventive action.
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些食物网运行的关键原则。科学家们说一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。科学家们已经建立了一个基于数学模型的预警系统，该系统将会发出信号告诉我们人类活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，允许我们采取措施将生态系统从边缘拉回来。
46. 【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中With such models, scientists have found out some key principles operating in food webs.可知，借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了食物网中的一些关键原则。故选B。
47. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中When a predator(掠食动物) always eats huge numbers of a single prey(猎物), the two species are strongly linked; when a predator lives on various species, they are weakly linked.可知，当捕食者总是吃大量的单一猎物，这两个物种是紧密相连的。故选C。
48. 【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中In the 1960s, scientists proposed that predators at the top of a food web had a surprising amount of control over the size of populations of other species—including species they did not directly attack.可知，处于食物网顶端的食肉动物对它们没有直接攻击的其他物种的种群数量有着惊人的控制，由此可推断出，如果食物链顶级食肉动物的数量大大下降，其他物种的种群将经历意想不到的变化。故选D。
49. 【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段And unplanned human activities have proved the idea of top-down control by top predators to be true. In the ocean, we fished for top predators such as cod on an industrial scale, while on land, we killed off large predators such as wolves. These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance.可知，无计划的人类活动证明了由顶级掠食者自上而下控制的想法是正确的。在海洋中，我们大规模捕捞鳕鱼等顶级捕食者，而在陆地上，我们杀死狼等大型捕食者。这些行为极大地影响了生态平衡。由此可推断出，不受控制的人类活动会极大地破坏了生态系统。故选A。
50. 【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Scientists have built an early-warming system based on mathematical models. Ideally the system would tell us when to adapt human activities that are pushing an ecosystem toward a breakdown or would even allow us to pull an ecosystem back from the borderline.可知，早期预警系统通过发出紧急需要采取预防行动的信号帮助我们维持生态平衡。故选D。
D
（2021年高考天津卷）Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.
51. Art products differ from most other commercial products because .
A. most people purchase them for collection
B. they are more expensive and less accessible
C. they have both commercial and cultural values
D. their prices may climb up as time passes
52. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .
A. keep the community safe from illnesses
B. develop a stronger tie between them
C. learn to appreciate their own works of art
D. offer honourable solutions to their problems
53. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?
A. They enjoy better living conditions.
B. They like to compare themselves with others.
C. They are particularly good at both music and art.
D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
54. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?
A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.
55. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How Art Cures Our Hearts
B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C. How Art Benefits Communities
D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。
51. 【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.”（任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观。）以及“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can”（艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这是其他很多东西都做不到的。）可以看出，可见艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选择C。
52.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion,, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events significant to a nation's experience.”（当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共同的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来。），可见通过分享经历，可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选择B。
53.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not”（研究发现，经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人更容易获得健康;），可见参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都相对更加健康。故选择D。
54. 【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education”（参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就）以及“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.”（有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情感反应。）可见艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选择A。
【55题详解】
【答案】
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.”（艺术对人类的生命至关重要，世界各国为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活将是无聊和死气沉沉的，因为艺术是我们人类的一部分。）可见艺术是人类重要的部分，文章中也详细描述了艺术对不同人群的好处。所以短文的最佳标题为“艺术:人类的福祉”。故选择B。
第Ⅱ卷
注意事项:
1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。
第三部分:写作
第一节:阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
（2018年高考天津卷）Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster(怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can’t do" attitudes. We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can’t." Dream big and climb high!
56. What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more than 5 words)
57. Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain? Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words)
58. How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)
59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words)
60. What’s your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议短文阅读。作者通过小时候爬山的经历告诉我们：我们每个人在人生中都会遇到很多座山，但我们要勇于梦想，攀登高峰。
56. 【答案】Curiosity made her do so.
Or:The desire to explore.
【解析】细节归纳题。根据文章第二段What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.可知，好奇心驱使作者探索这些台阶通往什么，从而可以归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
57. 【答案】Because it was getting dark，and she didn’t want her mother to worry about her.
Or:Because she was seared，and might not be able to find her/the way back home.
【解析】细节归纳题。根据文章第三段But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.可知，作者没有到达山顶而急于回家的原因一共有4个，考生只需要归纳2个原因，注意字数的限制。
58. 【答案】She had rich imagination and she was brave.
Or:She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination.
Or:She was imaginative and determined，and she dared to explore.
Or:She was imaginative，adventurous and determined.
【解析】细节归纳题。根据文章第四段作者梦见城堡或怪物，可知作者非常具有想象力；根据But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.可知，作者内心的某些东西会不惜一切代价爬上那座山并迫不及待地想再次冒险，可知作者具有冒险精神并且有决心。根据这些归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
59. 【答案】We all sometimes fail.
Or:We face failure/defeat/hardships/challenges in life.
Or:There are difficulties/barriers/obstacles in life.
Or:We run into trouble sometimes.
Or:We have trouble in life.
【解析】句意理解题。根据全文我们可以推断出We all fall down.指的是“我们生活中遇到的障碍/困难/失败/挑战等”。由此可以归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
60. 【答案】I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life.
Or:I will try to reach/get to the top of the“mountain”because I want to be successful in life.
【解析】开放题。首先要理解题干中的mountain指的是“障碍或失败”，并且要陈述自己的理由，注意字数的限制。
点睛：本文是一篇夹叙夹议短文阅读。整体文章易懂，但题目设置灵活，总体难度中等。考生不但要从文章中找出答案，还要根据问题的设置归纳出相应的答案。书写答案的时候，考生要注意语法结构的正确以及字数的限制。
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
（2020年高考天津卷）假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你校于6月8日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍有关情况，内容包括:
(1)成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事边录像)；
(2)对活动的感受；
(3)对自己未来的展望。
注意:
(1)词数不少于100；
(2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行方连贯；
(3)开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇:
成人礼 the coming-of age ceremony
新冠脑炎 COVID-F9
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Jin
【答案】Dear Chris,
I am so glad to hear from you. The coming-of-age ceremony was held in our school on June 8th this month. During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult, reviewing the growth period that we had experienced. After that, we all watched the video of alumnus fighting against the epidemic.
Through the activity, what I felt is that I am able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and more determined. When faced with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them. In the future, I will be a good doctor to heal the wounded and rescue the dying, devoting myself to my work.
Best wishes！
Yours,
Li Jin
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。
【详解】第一步:审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假如你是晨光中学的李津。你校于6月8号举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris 很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris 回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括:(1)成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾，观看校友抗疫事迹录像等)2. 对活动的感受。3. 对自己未来的展望。第二，人称为第一人称。第三，时态为一般现在时，一般过去时和一般将来时。
第二步:布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段:成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾，观看校友抗疫事迹录像等)。第二段:对活动的感受；对自己未来的展望。第三段，表达期望。
第三步:确定关键词汇和短语:congratulate sb on sth., be faced with, heal the wounded and rescue the dying, devote oneself to doing sth.；
第四步:确定较为高级的句子:that引导的定语从句和现在分词作状语During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult, reviewing the growth period that we had experienced. that引导的表语从句Through the activity, what I felt is that I am able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and more determined.时间状语从句的省略句When faced with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them.
第五步:连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:After that, besides, however.
第六步:注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。
【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:that引导的定语从句和现在分词作状语During the coming-of-age ceremony, the headmaster congratulated us on stepping into the adult, reviewing the growth period that we had experienced. that引导的表语从句Through the activity, what I felt is that I am able to shoulder the responsibility and make us stronger and more determined.时间状语从句的省略句When faced with the difficulties and failures, I must overcome them.等高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。