2023届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷（含答案）

2023届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、完形填空

“Dear department, I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn (独角兽) in my backyard if I can find one. Please send me a letter in response.” In mid-November, Joyce wrote a letter to the local department of animal care and control with a(n) ___1___ request.

Director Annabelle Bradshaw wrote back a few weeks later with good news. She said the department does in fact license unicorns under certain ___2___. Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn (角) at least once a month, giving it ___3___ access to sunlight, moonlight and rainbows, and feeding it watermelons at least once a week.

___4___ that Joyce would meet all the requirements, Bradshaw sent her a “preapproved unicorn license” for her future pet. “It is always  ___5___ to hear from young people who consider providing a loving home to animals.” Bradshaw wrote. She deals with a lot of “emotionally exhausting” issues on the job. So Joyce’s letter has ___6___ brightened her spirits. The first-grader also ___7___ her for wanting to ask permission in the first place, and doing her research to figure out how to go about that.

Joyce’s mother didn’t want to ___8___ her when she asked for a unicorn at first, so advised it might come down to getting approval. Joyce agreed and she ___9___ and an hour later she came back and said, “Will you help me ____10____ this?”

While the letter was received and replied to in a matter of weeks, Joyce thought the license would be a perfect present for her birthday this month.

1．A．special B．urgent C．reasonable D．silly

2．A．structures B．conditions C．systems D．programs

3．A．regular B．similar C．fair D．instant

4．A．Upset B．Concerned C．Confident D．Surprised

5．A．useful B．rewarding C．necessary D．important

6．A．normally B．gradually C．greatly D．carefully

7．A．impressed B．admired C．amused D．challenged

8．A．comfort B．punish C．excuse D．discourage

9．A．gave up B．fell over C．stood out D．marched off

10．A．test B．mail C．record D．download

二、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Because of the changes that occurred over tea’s extremely long history, the tea-making process  ____11____ (become) very complicated and diverse today. To follow the rather strict steps ____12____ may include dozens of smaller steps, generally speaking, it takes about half a month to complete the ____13____ (begin) processes such as tea picking, selecting and drying. In order to reach the highest standard, it takes at least a whole month only to dry the tea as dry as it can get. So it takes several months alone ____14____ good tea products are ready for consumers.

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

To remain competitive throughout their careers, students need to learn how to use an AI writing tool to make worthwhile output ____15____ know how to evaluate its quality, accuracy and originality. They need to learn to compose well-organized essays involving a mix of AI-generated text and ____16____ (tradition) writing. When working into the 2060s and beyond, professionals ____17____ (learn) how to engage productively with AI systems, using them to enhance human creativity.

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

My new book celebrates the power of mathematical thinking to get you to your goal ____18____ (success) without hours of labour. It’s your shortcut that mathematicians ____19____ me have come up with to your destination. Of course, while I ____20____ (produce) Thinking Better: The art of the shortcut, I read a good few books. Here’s a list of those that were the most influential in my journey to find the smartest ways of thinking.

三、阅读理解

Every event here features a noted scientist who discusses a different cosmic (宇宙的) topic. They will be presented with a live stream to our Science World official website and questions can be asked in the website chat.

Black Holes

7:30 PM-8:30 PM, May. 19, 2023

Description: Most galaxies (星系) have a supermassive black hole at their center. These black holes help determine how galaxies will develop over time. Join Dr. Ansel Netscher for an outline of black holes. You can also explore how supermassive black holes may decide the development of galaxies.

The Webb Imagery

8:00 PM-9:30 PM, May. 28, 2023

Description: The amazing visions have attracted the world. But there’s a long and involved process by which scientists’ black-and-white observational data is transformed into dynamic color imagery for the public. Join image specialist Ralph Wilson as he discusses the art and science of translating infrared light.

Hunt for Distant Worlds

7:00 PM-8:00 PM, Jun. 3, 2023

Description: Since the discovery of the first planet orbiting a Sun-like star in 1995, more than 4, 000 exoplanets have been found. These widespread planet systems confirm that our solar system is just one of many in our Milky Way galaxy. The discovery of such systems has provided interesting insights, challenging our views about how planet systems form and develop. Join Dr. Amanda Garcia as she describes the scientific hunt for these distant worlds.

Mars and Beyond

10:00 AM-11:30 AM, Jun.4, 2023

Description: Will we ever reach Mars? And what will it take to travel to other stars? Dr. Camille Lopez will meet these questions with a speech of what we can expect in the next 30 years. It’s based on what is practical and reasonable when we consider the biological, economic, and philosophical concerns that connect with the engineering challenges of space habitation and exploration.

21．Interested in the development of planet or star system, you can choose ________.

① Black Holes

② The Webb Imagery

③ Hunt for Distant Worlds

④ Mars and Beyond

A．①④ B．②④ C．①③ D．②③

22．What will you learn from Mars and Beyond?

A．Prospect of space travel. B．Application of art to science.

C．The origin and future of Mars. D．Detailed plan of space habitation.

23．What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To publicize online public lectures.

B．To compare events of studying science.

C．To stress the importance of space exploration.

D．To expand people’s knowledge about universe.

Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space? Well, that is where my job as an instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.

When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.

The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.

The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet. And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission, but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I will remember it for is the team it brought together.

My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.

24．Why did the author apply to MIT?

A．The majors in MIT interested her. B．Her mother urged her to go to MIT.

C．She set this goal as a high-schooler. D．A summer program made her love MIT.

25．What does the author think about her occupation?

A．It’s easy to predict what she does. B．It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.

C．She is annoyed by being misunderstood. D．She is proud to work for human well-being.

26．What does the author value most in the Cassini mission?

A．Its historic contributions. B．The team it brought together.

C．Breathtaking images of the planet. D．The opportunity to operate the cameras.

27．What can we learn from the story?

A．Practice makes perfect. B．No way is impossible to courage.

C．Well begun is half done. D．Time lost cannot be won again.

Have you ever been indecisive in the decision of what color car you like? Last November, a magazine with great influence revealed its annual list of the Best Inventions, which are changing how we live, work, play, and think about what’s possible. One of these inventions was the “color changing car”.

At the 2022 Consumer Electronics Show, a famous car company showcased a concept car that can change colors. The surface coating of this car features e-ink that is most well-known from the displays of e-readers. It contains many millions of micro-capsules, each of which contains negatively charged white pigments (颜料) and positively charged black pigments. Depending on the chosen setting, stimulation by means of an electrical field causes either the white or the black pigments to collect at the surface of the micro-capsule, giving the car body the desired shade.

The color chosen for a car is an expression of the driver’s personalities. It offers a completely new way of changing the vehicle’s appearance in line with the driver’s preferences, the environmental conditions or even functional requirements.

A variable exterior color can contribute to energy saving and wellness in the interior. This is done by taking into account the different abilities of light and dark colors when it comes to reflecting sunlight and the associated absorption of thermal energy. Heating of the vehicle as a result of strong sunlight and high outside temperatures can be reduced by changing the exterior to a light color. In cooler weather, a dark outer skin will help the vehicle to absorb noticeably more warmth from the sun. This would reduce the amount of energy the vehicle electrical system needs, lowering the fuel or electricity consumption. In the interior, the technology could, for example, prevent the dashboard from heating up too much. In electric cars, changing the color with the weather would thus increase the range of the car. Considering the recent push for electric vehicles, this color changing technology could be a game-changer.

“Digital experiences won’t just be limited to displays in the future. There will be more and more connection between the real and virtual. With this concept car, we are bringing the car body to life, ”says Frank Weber, a member of the board of this company.

28．The concept car can change colors mainly because of ________.

A．the reflection of sunlight B．the stability of electrical field

C．the area of white and black e-ink D．the gathering of charged pigments

29．As for the color changing car, which would the author agree with?

A．It will be put into mass production in the near future.

B．It can change colors automatically according to weather.

C．It can show personalities and improve car performance.

D．It will save energy by transforming heat into electrical energy.

30．Which would be the best title for the passage?

A．Car Design: New Challenges B．The Development of Car Exterior

C．Magical E-ink in Car Design D．New Invention of Cars: Tailored Exterior

Do you know forests are one of our planet’s greatest carbon sinks? This means that they absorb an enormous amount of carbon released into the atmosphere, a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change and the earth’s rising temperature.

The poplar tree, standing tall and regal, is known for its fast-growing nature and its gray, white, or black bark. A biotechnology firm in San Francisco, CA, genetically modified poplar trees. According to a four-month study conducted in their greenhouse, the engineered trees grew 53% larger than their normal counterparts and stored 27% more CO2. In February 2023, the company also planted modified poplar trees in southern Georgia. This marks the first time in the United States that engineered trees have been planted outside of a controlled lab setting!

All plants experience photosynthesis (光合作用), where sunlight, water, and CO2 are transformed into glucose and oxygen. However, almost all trees release a poisonous substance in the process. To remove this substance, trees must use up newly-produced energy in another step known as photo-respiration (光呼吸作用), which does not produce any energy and releases CO2 back into the atmosphere. To prevent plants from wasting their energy, the biotechnology firm engineered their poplar trees with genes found in green algae. First tested in tobacco plants, the foreign genes change the poisonous substance produced by trees into sugars, so that more energy can be used for removing carbon and tree growth.

Researchers from the company are planting their poplar trees on private land that has been previously disturbed, such as abandoned coal mines in Pennsylvania. The modified trees will be planted between natives like sweet gum and bald cypress to boost biodiversity and maintain soil fertility (肥沃).

Plant biologist Norberto Martinez from the University of Illinois suggests the engineered poplar trees may not thrive outdoors or will require more water and fertilizer to maintain their fast growth. Many sustainable forestry organizations have also banned engineered trees from being planted in forests. The Global Justice Ecology Project argued that these trees could interfere with efforts to protect and regenerate forests.

Though there may be opposing opinions regarding genetically modified poplar trees, one thing is for sure: they hold the potential to lower greenhouse gases in our environment at a faster rate. This company’s attempt is certainly an innovative approach to the ongoing climate crisis.

31．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The necessity to absorb CO2. B．The basic idea behind engineered trees.

C．The effect of photosynthesis on plants. D．The importance of energy transformation.

32．What does the underlined phrase “interfere with” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Save. B．Measure. C．Interrupt. D．Strengthen.

33．What can we infer about the engineered poplar trees?

A．Their first planting state was Pennsylvania.

B．Their potential to absorb CO2 outweighs concerns.

C．They can release more oxygen than normal poplar trees.

D．They will grow better if planted away from normal plants.

34．The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

A．inform and argue B．analyse and advise

C．argue and discuss D．examine and assess

四、七选五

Communion is a very difficult art. To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do. ____35____ To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.

____36____ Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.

____37____ It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.

When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny. ____38____ When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out. ____39____

I think it is important to understand that a man who accumulates can never learn. Self-learning implies a fresh and eager mind-a mind that is not committed, that does not belong to anything and that is not limited to any particular field. It is only such a mind that learns.

A．Most of us hardly listen, and we hardly learn.

B．Here is a personal story that illustrates this difference.

C．The mind that is accumulating knowledge never learns.

D．How can we make the shift from accumulating to learning?

E．It seems to me of the utmost importance that we do listen in order to learn.

F．From this inquiry comes the movement of learning, which is never accumulative.

G．You are learning and either acceptance or denial of what is being said puts an end to learning.

五、阅读表达

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

There are many historical sites and places in the world that give us insight and evidence of the past civilization. These sites help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture. These sites can be called common or universal heritage (遗产) of humankind and our world heritage.

These sites from the past civilizations are for all humans. We must live in them today and also pass them on to future generations. They teach us about our past and represent the great achievements of our ancestors and make us proud. World heritage has historical, cultural and economic significance. It has exceptional value and importance for humankind from history, science and arts points of view and must be cared for.

Many UNESCO sites that stand today are under threat. There is a list of thirty sites by UNESCO that are endangered. There are many external factors responsible for damaging the world heritage, some of which are climate change, natural disasters, urbanization and unchecked tourism etc.

With the growing strength of these external factors, it is becoming more and more important to take proper measures to save and preserve these timeless achievements of humankind. There are many communities and organizations in the world which are working to protect these sites. We can work with these organizations, travel agencies, government groups and local communities. We should join them to support their cause. Another way to play our part is to shoulder travel responsibility Tourism can generate funds for the restoration of historical sites but at the same time unchecked tourism can damage them seriously.

The younger generation must preserve the identity of the people who came before them. No matter what is our reach, we should help protect them through effective means. Our every step would count and help in protecting the world heritage sites.

40．Why can many historical sites be called world heritage?

__________________________________________________________

41．What is Paragraph 2 mainly talking about?

__________________________________________________________

42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.

 Tourism can bring economic benefits which are used to restore the historical sites, so we should remove the limitations on tourism.

__________________________________________________________

43．What can we do to shoulder our responsibilities to protect world heritage sites? (In about 40 words)

__________________________________________________________

六、感谢信/祝贺信

44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。作为你校英语戏剧社的负责人，在毕业前的活动上你将做离任发言。请你用英文写一份发言稿，内容包括：

1. 回顾开展的主要活动与收获；

2. 表达感谢及祝愿。

注意：1. 词数100左右；

2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。

Good morning, everyone!

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：

1．A    2．B    3．A    4．C    5．B    6．C    7．A    8．D    9．D    10．B

11．has become    12．which/that    13．beginning    14．before

15．and    16．traditional    17．will learn

18．successfully    19．like    20．was producing

21．C    22．A    23．A

24．D    25．D    26．B    27．B

28．D    29．C    30．D

31．B    32．C    33．B    34．A

35．A    36．E    37．C    38．G    39．F

40．Because they help us learn about our ancestors, their living and culture./Because they give us insight and evidence of the past civilization.    41．The importance of historical sites.    42．Tourism can bring economic benefits which are used to restore the historical sites, so we should remove the limitations on tourism. According to the passage, unchecked tourism can damage them seriously.    43．Possible version:

We should visit world heritage sites in a responsible and sustainable way. We must follow tourism rules, including that we mustn’t paint, carve or climb at will. Additionally, we can stop other tourists from behaving badly. Only when everyone takes action can we complete this great project.

44．Good morning, everyone!

It’s a great honor to deliver my last speech here as the President of English Drama Club.

Time flies over us, but leaves its shadow behind. Never will I forget the colorful activities during the past two years, such as the lectures on Shakespeare’s plays, the course of drama appreciation and our amazing performances at the annual Art Festival. Our club not only gave us a platform to show ourselves, but also offered me a chance to witness the magic of communication and cooperation. My personal ability has been improving as well.

Today I must express my sincere gratitude to all of you. Thank you for always being there to support me. Wish our club a brighter future. Thanks again.