北京市各地区2023届高考英语二模试题分类汇编-05七选五

这是一份北京市各地区2023届高考英语二模试题分类汇编-05七选五，共15页。试卷主要包含了七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市各地区2023届高考英语二模试题分类汇编-05七选五

一、七选五
（2023届北京市昌平区高三二模英语试卷）Communion is a very difficult art. To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do. ____1____ To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.
____2____ Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.
____3____ It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.
When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny. ____4____ When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out. ____5____
I think it is important to understand that a man who accumulates can never learn. Self-learning implies a fresh and eager mind-a mind that is not committed, that does not belong to anything and that is not limited to any particular field. It is only such a mind that learns.
A．Most of us hardly listen, and we hardly learn.
B．Here is a personal story that illustrates this difference.
C．The mind that is accumulating knowledge never learns.
D．How can we make the shift from accumulating to learning?
E．It seems to me of the utmost importance that we do listen in order to learn.
F．From this inquiry comes the movement of learning, which is never accumulative.
G．You are learning and either acceptance or denial of what is being said puts an end to learning.

（2023届北京市朝阳区高三二模英语试题）In our modern world, there are endless alternatives. Have you ever found yourself wondering whether you should quit or stay in your job, accept an offer or give it up for another? There is a simple and practical method that solves this problem.____6____When you understand the concept, you have the power to measure every alternative with precision and make the right decision.
In the field of economics, opportunity cost is the value that you have to give up when you choose an option over another good option.____7____Every time you choose something, you give up other alternatives together with their financial benefits. It is not all the other options, but the most valued one that is defined as the opportunity cost.
____8____Take the simple example of trying to decide whether to take public transportation for 80 minutes or to drive for 40 minutes. You might save on the cost of gas while riding the bus but double the trip length and miss out on other things you could have done during that time.____9____This is how you create priorities in your daily life.
Though useful in decision making, the biggest drawback of opportunity cost is that it’s often related to what’s hard to quantify.____10____After all, putting a number to your peaceful mind or happiness can be difficult.
Opportunity cost isn’t cut and dried. It varies from person to person. At the end of the day, you are in charge of what you own and what you want to gain.
A．It is about finding out the opportunity cost.
B．Weigh the losses and gains, and make your decision.
C．Opportunity cost matters not only in economics but also in real life.
D．This is especially true when the opportunity cost is of non-financial benefit.
E．The key principle underlying the idea is that there is no such thing as free lunch.
F．Most people overlook opportunity cost because the benefits are usually hidden from view.
G．It is the development of important skills that would help you move forward in your daily life.

（2023届北京市海淀区高三下学期二模英语试题）Humans have long tried to conquer water. We’ve straightened once-winding rivers for shipping purposes. We’ve constructed levees (防洪堤) along rivers and lakes to protect people from flooding—We’ve erected entire cities on drained and filled-in wetlands. We’ve built dams on rivers to store water for later use. ____11____ But it’s not, argues environmental journalist Erica Gies,author of Water Always Wins.
Levees, which narrow channels causing water to flow higher and faster, nearly always break. Cities on former wetlands flood regularly—often disastrously. Dams starve downstream areas of sediment (沉积物) needed to protect coasts against rising seas. Straightened streams move faster than winding ones, giving water less time to flow downward. And they wash away riverbed ecosystems.
In addition to laying out this damage done by supposed water control, Gies takes readers on a hopeful global tour of solutions to these problems. Along the way, she introduces “water detectives” —scientists,engineers,urban planners, and many others. ____12____
These water detectives have found ways to give the slippery substance the time and space it needs to flow slowly underground. Around Seattle’s Thornton Creek, for instance, reclaimed land now allows for regular flooding, which has renewed riverbed habitat and created an urban oasis. In California’s Central Valley, scientists want to find ways to move unpolluted storm water into subsurface valleys that make ideal aquifers (含水层). ____13____
While some people are exploring new ways to manage water, others are leaning on ancient knowledge. Researchers in Peru are now studying old-style methods of water storage, which don’t require dams, in hopes of ensuring a steady flow of water to Lima—Peru’s populous capital that’s periodically affected by water shortage. ____14____ “Decision makers come from a culture of concrete,” Gies writes, “in which dams, pipes and desalination factories are standard.”
Understanding how to work with, not against, water will help humankind weather this age of drought and flood that’s being worsened by climate change. ____15____ Instead, we must learn to live within our water means because water will undoubtedly win.
A．Controlling water, Gies convincingly argues, is a false belief.
B．Instead of trying to control water, they ask: What does water want?
C．It seems that water is cooperative and willing to flow where we direct it.
D．These old-style underwater concrete techniques pave the way for the construction of dams.
E．To further understand the whole ecosystem, they believe effective water control requires effort.
F．The study may help convince those who favor concrete-centric solutions to try something new.
G．Feeding groundwater supplies will in turn sustain rivers from below, which helps to maintain water levels and ecosystems.

（2023届北京东城区高三二模英语试卷）We have all been guilty of being over optimistic when predicting how long a task will take because of the planning fallacy. First identified in 1977, the planning fallacy was defined as: “the tendency to underestimate the amount of time needed to complete a future task, due in part to the reliance on overly optimistic performance scenarios (预测).”
It is extremely common._____16_____For instance, a study conducted with psychology students found that only 30% of them managed to complete their senior papers in the amount of time they predicted.
What’s more, the planning fallacy is an incredibly stubborn problem._____17_____While we are able to recognise past predictions where we have been over-optimistic, we often keep on insisting that our current predictions are realistic.
The planning fallacy is such a deep-rooted behavior. However, there are a few systematic strategies you can use to start building the habit of double-checking your time estimates. For instance, you can take the outside view._____18_____Make sure to consult experts and people who have attempted to complete similar projects in the past. If you’re a student, talk to senior students; if you’re writing a book, join a network of writers.
_____19_____You need to differentiate between tasks that are urgent and important, important but not urgent, urgent but not important, neither urgent nor important.
Once you have an objective estimate of the time it will take to complete a project, you need to make sure you have the time and resources to carry out your plan._____20_____Breakdown big tasks into smaller, manageable chunks. Don’t wait until the last minute to let people know you may need their help in the near future.
A．Defining your priorities also helps.
B．We don’t learn from our previous mistakes.
C．Do not base your estimates on your own criteria.
D．Focusing on fine details is the recommended practice.
E．We can see many failed or late projects, which lead to timewasting.
F．There have been lots of studies confirming the existence of the planning fallacy.
G．Block time in your calendar, and make sure the resources you need are available.

（2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试题）The term “growth mindset” has become something of a buzzword in our life. You can find it everywhere you look—in the seminars of motivational speakers, in the education course descriptions, and in the mission statements of companies.____21____
One of the biggest misconceptions about growth mindset is that it is the same thing as being open-minded in your beliefs. This is untrue. Being open-minded in your beliefs is often the belief on what true growth mindset is, but this is actually called “false growth mindset” in the research community.____22____What this means is that they have a fixed belief on their intelligence level, which is exactly what a fixed mindset is. They believe that they are growing, when in reality they are not.
Being open-minded to other people’s beliefs and new things is great, but it does not mean that you are actually learning anything. Furthermore, there is no way to ever have a truly complete growth mindset.____23____It is important that you accept this and embrace it, while still desiring to experience growth anyway. This is the only way you can truly foster as m’ of a growth mindset as humanly possible.
____24____Unproductive efforts that are merely done for the reward or outcome are not considered to be growth mindset. True growth mindset has nothing to do with reward or outcome. Rather, it is based entirely on the learning and growing process itself. When you are invested in a growth mindset, you are invested in the process regardless of the outcome.
____25____You cannot simply “have” a growth mindset. You have to want one, and invest in having one. Understanding the truth about growth mindset will enable you to understand exactly how this trait can assist you in life.
A．Mindset is a lot harder than “just do it”.
B．It is virtually impossible, as we are all fixed in some way or another.
C．Another false belief is that growth mindset is about rewarded efforts.
D．A second misconception is that people’s motivation comes from the process.
E．But despite its popularity, some people don’t understand what it actually means.
F．This is essentially people who have an “I already have it, and I always have” attitude.
G．Growth mindset assists people in having greater results from what they set out to accomplish.

（2023届北京市顺义区高三下学期第二次英语统练题）Confirmation bias(偏见) is our tendency to seek out information that confirms our existing beliefs. It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs — or simply ignore information that contradicts them. ____26____
People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose.____27____ For example, if you heard that a politician you support was caught in a scandal(丑闻), you might be more likely to believe explanations that make them look less guilty. Meanwhile, people who dislike that politician would probably be more likely to believe stories that make them look worse.
So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? ____28____ This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities. It's also easy to surround ourselves with an “echo chamber” of people who think the same way we do—especially on social media.____29____ It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.
And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.____30____ We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us. But that's often easier said than done.
A．The thing we most want to believe might not actually be true.
B．But research has found that it is real and affects our judgment.
C．But it can be helpful to talk to people who don't share our beliefs.
D．Research has shown that confirmation bias occurs in several contexts.
E．Most of all, accept that you have biases that impact your decision-making.
F．One thing we can do is try to look for evidence that contradicts our beliefs.
G．This is especially true for information about things that feel very important to us.


参考答案：
1．A 2．E 3．C 4．G 5．F

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了交流是一门非常困难的艺术，为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一定的倾听方式——不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何一个小学生都会做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听。
1．根据上文“To commune with one another over many problems that we have requires listening and learning, which are both very difficult to do.(就我们所面临的许多问题彼此交流需要倾听和学习，而这两者都很难做到)”以及后文“To commune with each other, we require a certain capacity, a certain way of listening-not merely to gather information, which any schoolboy can do, but rather listening in order to understand.(为了相互交流，我们需要一定的能力，一种特定的倾听方式——不仅仅是为了收集信息，就像任何小学生都能做的那样，而是为了理解而倾听)”可知，上文提到了面临的问题，可知本句是在说明人们如何应对这样的问题的：大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学。故A选项“我们大多数人几乎不听，也几乎不学”符合语境，故选A。
2．根据后文“Learning is not merely the accumulation (积累) of knowledge. Knowledge never changes the way you think; experience never flowers into the beauty of understanding. Most of us listen with the background of what we know and we have experienced. Perhaps you have never noticed the difference between the mind that really learns and the mind that merely gathers knowledge.(学习不仅仅是知识的积累。知识永远不会改变你的思维方式;经验决不会开出理解之美。我们大多数人倾听的背景是我们所知道的和我们所经历的。也许你从来没有注意到真正学习的头脑和仅仅收集知识的头脑之间的区别)”可知，本段主要强调了倾听的作用，故E选项“在我看来，为了学习，倾听是最重要的”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据后文“It is always translating what it hears in terms of its own experience or in terms of the knowledge which it has gathered. It is caught up in the process of accumulating and adding to what it already knows, and such a mind is incapable of learning. I do not know if you have noticed this. So it seems to me very important that we commune with each other quietly, in a dignified manner, and for that there must be a listening and a learning.(它总是根据自己的经验或收集到的知识来翻译它所听到的东西。它陷入了积累和增加它已经知道的东西的过程中，这样的头脑是无法学习的。我不知道你是否注意到了这一点。因此，在我看来，我们以一种有尊严的方式安静地彼此交流是非常重要的，为此，必须有一种倾听和学习)”可知，本段主要说明了积累导致头脑无法学习，强调彼此交流的重要性，故C选项“不断积累知识的头脑永远学不会东西”符合语境，故选C。
4．根据上文“When you commune with your own heart, when you commune with your friend, when you commune with the skies, with the stars, with the sunset, with a flower, then surely you are listening so as to learn. It does not mean that you accept or deny.(当你与自己的心交流时，当你与你的朋友交流时，当你与天空、星星、日落、一朵花交流时，那么你当然是在倾听，以便学习。这并不意味着你接受或拒绝)”可知，本句总结上文与心和朋友交流的意义以及接受或拒绝的影响：你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习，故G选项“你正在学习，接受或否认别人所说的话都会结束学习”符合语境，G选项“acceptance or denial”是提示，与上文“accept or deny”呼应，故选G。
5．根据上文“When you commune with the sunset, with a friend, with your wife or with your child, you do not criticize, you do not deny or support, translate or identify. You are communing. You are learning. You are searching out.(当你与日落、与朋友、与妻子或孩子交流时，你不批评、不否认、不支持、不翻译或认同。你在交流。你在学习。你在寻找)”可知，上文列举了种种交流的方式，本句为本段最后一句，应总结上文：从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，这永远不会累积。故F选项“从这种探索中产生了学习的运动，而学习永远不会累积”符合语境，故选F。
6．A 7．E 8．C 9．B 10．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了机会成本。
6．根据上文“There is a simple and practical method that solves this problem.( 有一个简单实用的方法可以解决这个问题。)”和下文“When you understand the concept, you have the power to measure every alternative with precision and make the right decision.(当你理解了这个概念，你就有能力精确地衡量每一个选择，并做出正确的决定。)”可知，空处提到了一个概念，就是机会成本。A项中的“the opportunity cost”和下文中的“the concept”对应。A项：It is about finding out the opportunity cost.(这是关于找出机会成本。)符合语境。故选A。
7．根据下文“Every time you choose something, you give up other alternatives together with their financial benefits.(每次你选择某样东西，你就放弃了其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。)”可知，下文举例说明机会成本的具体实施原则，选择了某样东西，就要放弃其他的选择以及它们的经济利益。E项：The key principle underlying the idea is that there is no such thing as free lunch.(这个观点的关键原则是，天下没有免费的午餐。)符合语境。故选E。
8．空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Take the simple example of trying to decide whether to take public transportation for 80 minutes or to drive for 40 minutes.(举个简单的例子，试着决定是乘80分钟的公共交通工具还是开车40分钟。)”可知，本段主要讲述机会成本在日常生活中的应用。C项：Opportunity cost matters not only in economics but also in real life.(机会成本不仅在经济学中很重要，在现实生活中也很重要。)符合语境。故选C。
9．根据上文“You might save on the cost of gas while riding the bus but double the trip length and miss out on other things you could have done during that time.(你可能会在乘坐公共汽车时节省汽油费用，但会使行程长度增加一倍，并错过在这段时间内你可以做的其他事情。)”可知，在做决定之前要权衡利弊。B项：Weigh the losses and gains, and make your decision.(权衡得失，再做决定。)符合语境。故选B。
10．根据上文“Though useful in decision making, the biggest drawback of opportunity cost is that it’s often related to what’s hard to quantify. (虽然机会成本在决策中很有用，但它最大的缺点是它往往与难以量化的东西有关。)”可知，此处提出机会成本的局限性，结合下文“After all, putting a number to your peaceful mind or happiness can be difficult.(毕竟，用一个数字来形容你内心的平静或快乐是很困难的。)”可知，像情绪等非经济利益机会成本难以形容。D项：This is especially true when the opportunity cost is of non-financial benefit.(当机会成本是非经济利益时尤其如此。)符合语境。故选D。
11．C 12．B 13．G 14．F 15．A

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。人类长期以来一直试图征服水，但是《水总是赢》一书的作者、环境记者埃里卡·吉斯认为：了解如何与水合作，而不是与水对抗，将有助于人类度过这个因气候变化而恶化的干旱和洪水时代。
11．上文“We’ve straightened once-winding rivers for shipping purposes. We’ve constructed levees(防洪堤)along rivers and lakes to protect people from flooding—We’ve erected entire cities on drained and filled-in wetlands.We’ve built dams on rivers to store water for later use. (为了航运的目的，我们把曾经蜿蜒的河流拉直了。我们沿着河流和湖泊修建堤坝，保护人们免受洪水侵袭——我们在排水和填平的湿地上建起了整座城市。我们在河上筑坝蓄水以备后用。)”可知，人类为了自己的目的，采用了不同的方式来管控水，C项“It seems that water is cooperative and willing to flow where we direct it. (看来水是合作的，愿意向我们指引的方向流动。)”可推知，水貌似顺应了人类的要求，人类占了上风，C项承接上文，下文“But it’s not, argues environmental journalist Erica Gies,author of Water Always Wins. (但《水总是赢》一书的作者、环境记者埃里卡·吉斯认为，事实并非如此。)”，C项与下文为转折关系，水总是能赢，下文引出话题。上下文衔接连贯，故选C项。
12．上文“In addition to laying out this damage done by supposed water control, Gies takes readers on a hopeful global tour of solutions to these problems. Along the way, she introduces ‘water detectives’—scientists,engineers,urban planners, and many others. (除了列出所谓的治水所造成的破坏之外，吉斯还带读者踏上了一趟充满希望的全球之旅，寻找解决这些问题的办法。在此过程中，她介绍了‘水侦探’——科学家、工程师、城市规划师和其他许多人。)”可知，此处介绍了一群关注治水的人，B项“Instead of trying to control water, they ask: What does water want? (他们不是试图控制水，而是问：水想要什么？)”，B项中的they指代上文中的 “water detectives” —scientists,engineers,urban planners, and many others，结合下文“These water detectives have found ways to give the slippery substance the time and space it needs to flow slowly underground. (些水侦探已经找到了一些方法，让这种光滑的物质有时间和空间在地下慢慢流动。)”可知，这些水侦探知道了水要什么，并找到了对策，上下文衔接连贯。故选B项。
13．上文“In California’s Central Valley, scientists want to find ways to move unpolluted storm water into subsurface valleys that make ideal aquifers (含水层). (在加州的中央山谷，科学家们想要找到一种方法，将未受污染的雨水转移到地下山谷，形成理想的含水层)”可知，通过雨水补给地下水形成理想的地下含水层，G项“Feeding groundwater supplies will in turn sustain rivers from below, which helps to maintain water levels and ecosystems. (补给地下水反过来又会从地下维持河流，这有助于维持水位和生态系统。)”表明，充足的地下水能保证河流的水量，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。
14．上文“While some people are exploring new ways to manage water, others are leaning on ancient knowledge. Researchers in Peru are now studying old-style methods of water storage, which don’t require dams, in hopes of ensuring a steady flow of water to Lima—Peru’s populous capital that’s periodically affected by water shortage. (当一些人在探索管理水的新方法时，另一些人则依靠古老的知识。秘鲁的研究人员现在正在研究不需要水坝的老式蓄水方法，希望能确保水稳定地流向利马——秘鲁人口众多的首都，它经常受到水资源短缺的影响。)”可知，秘鲁的研究人员依靠古老的蓄水方式管理水，F项“The study may help convince those who favor concrete-centric solutions to try something new. (这项研究可能有助于说服那些喜欢以混凝土为中心的解决方案的人尝试一些新的东西。)”，此处The study指代上文中的秘鲁的水管理的研究，下文“‘Decision makers come from a culture of concrete,’ Gies writes, ‘in which dams, pipes and desalination factories are standard.’ (‘决策者来自混凝土文化，’吉斯写道，‘水坝、管道和海水淡化工厂是标准的。’)”，下文中的Decision makers come from a culture of concrete与F项中的those who favor concrete-centric solutions相呼应，故选F项。
15．上文“Understanding how to work with, not against, water will help humankind weather this age of drought and flood that’s being worsened by climate change. (了解如何与水合作，而不是与水对抗，将有助于人类度过这个因气候变化而恶化的干旱和洪水时代。)”为对上文的总结，A项“Controlling water, Gies convincingly argues, is a false belief. (吉斯令人信服地指出，控制水资源是一种错误的信念。)”是对上一句的进一步解释，下文“Instead, we must learn to live within our water means because water will undoubtedly win. (相反，我们必须学会用水，因为水无疑会赢。)”，A项与下文为转折关系，说明了人类与水之间的正确关系，上下文衔接连贯，故选A项。
16．F 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．G

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是规划谬误和避免这个问题的方法。
16．空前说“It is extremely common.(这是非常普遍的。)”，说明规划谬误现象是普遍存在的，空后说“For instance, a study conducted with psychology students found that only 30% of them managed to complete their senior papers in the amount of time they predicted.(例如，一项针对心理学专业学生的研究发现，只有30%的学生能够在他们预计的时间内完成他们的毕业论文。)”，这说明有研究证实了规划谬误的存在，F选项“There have been lots of studies confirming the existence of the planning fallacy.(已有大量研究证实了规划谬误的存在。)”说明了有研究证明了它的存在，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
17．空前说“What’s more, the planning fallacy is an incredibly stubborn problem.(此外，规划谬误是一个难以置信的顽固问题。)”，说明人们会很顽固，空后说“While we are able to recognise past predictions where we have been over-optimistic, we often keep on insisting that our current predictions are realistic.(虽然我们能够认识到我们过去的预测过于乐观，但我们经常坚持认为我们目前的预测是现实的。)”，说明我们坚持错误的预测，B选项“We don’t learn from our previous mistakes.(我们不会从以前的错误中吸取教训。)”说明了我们会坚持错误的预测，不会吸取教训，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
18．空后说“Make sure to consult experts and people who have attempted to complete similar projects in the past. If you’re a student, talk to senior students; if you’re writing a book, join a network of writers.(一定要咨询专家和过去尝试过类似项目的人。如果你是一名学生，和高年级学生交谈；如果你正在写一本书，加入一个作家圈子。)”，说明要参考别人的意见，C选项“Do not base your estimates on your own criteria.(不要把你的估计建立在自己的标准上。)”说明了要参考别人的意见，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
19．空格处是本段的主旨句，由空后的“You need to differentiate between tasks that are urgent and important, important but not urgent, urgent but not important, neither urgent nor important.(你需要区分紧急和重要的任务，重要但不紧急的任务，紧急但不重要的任务，既不紧急也不重要的任务。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要明确你的优先级，A选项“Defining your priorities also helps.(明确你的优先级也有帮助。)”说明要明确优先级，因此概括了本段内容，可作为主旨句，故选A。
20．空前说“Once you have an objective estimate of the time it will take to complete a project, you need to make sure you have the time and resources to carry out your plan.(一旦你对完成一个项目所需要的时间有了一个客观的估计，你就需要确保你有时间和资源来执行你的计划。)”，说明要确保有时间来执行计划，空格处应该要说具体该怎么来确保有这个时间，G选项“Block time in your calendar, and make sure the resources you need are available.(在你的日历上留出时间，确保你需要的资源是可获得的。)”说明了确保执行计划的时间的具体方法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
21．E 22．F 23．B 24．C 25．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是成长型思维模式以及对成长型思维模式的误解。
21．空前“You can find it everywhere you look—in the seminars of motivational speakers, in the education course descriptions, and in the mission statements of companies.(你可以在任何地方找到它——在励志演说家的研讨会上，在教育课程的描述中，在公司的使命宣言中。)”讲述成长性思维这个说法无处不在，很受欢迎，下一段“One of the biggest misconceptions about growth mindset is that it is the same thing as being open-minded in your beliefs.(关于成长型思维模式的最大误解之一是，它与你的信仰持开放态度是一回事。)”说明很多人不理解成长型思维模式的真正含义，E选项“But despite its popularity, some people don’t understand what it actually means.(尽管它很受欢迎，但有些人并不理解它的真正含义。)”说明很多人不理解成长型思维模式的真正含义，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
22．空前“Being open-minded in your beliefs is often the belief on what true growth mindset is, but this is actually called “false growth mindset” in the research community.(对你的信仰持开放态度通常是对什么是真正的成长型思维模式的信念，但这实际上在研究界被称为“错误的成长型思维模式”。)”讲述对你的信仰持开放态度是错误的成长型思维模式，空后“What this means is that they have a fixed belief on their intelligence level, which is exactly what a fixed mindset is. They believe that they are growing, when in reality they are not.(这意味着他们对自己的智力水平有一个固定的信念，这就是固定思维模式。他们认为自己在成长，而实际上并没有。)”讲述错误的成长型思维模式的表现，因此空格处应该也是介绍错误的成长型思维模式，F选项“This is essentially people who have an “I already have it, and I always have” attitude.(这类人本质上是一种“我已经拥有了，而且我一直都有”的态度。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
23．空前说“Being open-minded to other people’s beliefs and new things is great, but it does not mean that you are actually learning anything. Furthermore, there is no way to ever have a truly complete growth mindset.(对别人的信仰和新事物持开放的态度是很好的，但这并不意味着你真的学到了什么。此外，没有办法拥有一个真正完整的成长型思维模式。)”，说明人不能拥有一个真正完整的成长型思维模式，B选项“It is virtually impossible, as we are all fixed in some way or another.(这实际上是不可能的，因为我们都以这样或那样的方式被固定住了。)”解释不能拥有一个真正完整的成长型思维模式的原因是我们被固定住了，符合语境，与上文是因果关系。故选B。
24．空后“Unproductive efforts that are merely done for the reward or outcome are not considered to be growth mindset. True growth mindset has nothing to do with reward or outcome.(仅仅为了回报或结果而做出的非生产性努力不被认为是成长型思维模式。真正的成长型思维模式与回报或结果无关。)”说明的是对成长型思维模式的另一个误解，成长型思维模式与回报或结果有关，C选项“Another false belief is that growth mindset is about rewarded efforts.(另一个错误的信念是，成长型思维模式是关于有回报的努力。)”说明了另一个误解是成长型思维模式是关于有回报的努力，符合语境，下文对前文进行具体的解析。故选C。
25．空后说“You cannot simply “have” a growth mindset. You have to want one, and invest in having one.(你不能简单地“拥有”成长型思维模式。你必须想要并为拥有一个（成长型思维）而投资。)”说明拥有成长型思维没有那么简单，因此成长型思维不是说做就做得到的，你必须为之努力，A选项“Mindset is a lot harder than “just do it”.(思维模式比“说做就做”要难得多。)”说明了思维模式很难获得，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
26．G 27．B 28．F 29．C 30．A

【解析】26．上文“It also describes how we try to find ways to look at unclear information in ways that support rather than challenge those beliefs — or simply ignore information that contradicts them. (它还描述了我们如何试图找到方法来看待不清楚的信息，以支持而不是挑战这些信念——或者简单地忽略与它们相矛盾的信息。)”提到关键词information“信息”，空处承接上文，也需要提到information“信息”。G项“对于我们觉得非常重要的事情的信息尤其如此。”中information为原文复现。故选G项。
27．上文“People usually don't engage in confirmation bias on purpose.(人们通常不会故意产生确认偏误。)”提到confirmation bias不常出现；而下文提到confirmation bias在日常生活中的体现，故空处需要表转折。B项 “但是研究发现它是真实存在的，而且会影响我们的判断。”有转折，且it代指前文confirmation bias，符合文意。故选B项。
28．上文“So what can we do to avoid confirmation bias? (那么我们能做些什么来避免确认偏误呢？)”作者表示提问，如何避免认知偏见；下文“This can help us check if we only believe certain things because we never seriously considered other possibilities.(这可以帮助我们检查我们是否只相信某些事情，因为我们从来没有认真考虑过其他可能性。)”承接上文，并且由代词this,由此可以推测出，空处承上启下，this指代一种做法。F项“我们能做的一件事就是试图寻找与我们的信念相矛盾的证据。”符合文意。故选F项。
29．下文“It can help us understand that there may be other ways to see the same issue.(它可以帮助我们理解可能有其他方式来看待同一问题。)”中有代词it，且空处承接上文，故空处需要填另一种做法。C项“但是和与我们信仰不同的人交谈是有帮助的。”强调了做法和看事情需要看两面，符合段意。故选C项。
30．上文“And perhaps most importantly: we have to be careful not to jump to conclusions.(也许最重要的是：我们必须小心，不要妄下结论。)”和下文“We should try to learn more before deciding how we feel about something, even if it's very important to us.(在决定我们对某事的感觉之前，我们应该试着了解更多，即使它对我们非常重要。)”均强调不能过于主观。A项“我们最想相信的事情可能不是真的。”为本段意义相近，是在告诉读者如何更好地避免认知误差，符合段意。故选A项。