北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五

这是一份北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五，共21页。试卷主要包含了七选五等内容，欢迎下载使用。
北京市各地区2023届高考英语一模试题分类汇编-04七选五

一、七选五
（2023届北京市门头沟区高三综合练习（一）英语试卷）Walking has been considered as one of the best possible exercises. For many people,daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits. ___1___A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting.
___2___You’ve probably heard the phrase“exercise your creativity”,which referee to the brain as muscle.Our creative mindset is triggered by physical movement,which is exactly why walking-with your dog, a friend, or alone-feeds creative thinking.
But the scenery is almost as important as the sweat. Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone,which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities. You can walk through a tree-filled neighborhood. ___3___Even when you walk down a busy street, you can’t help but get distracted by the sweet smells from a food cart or the child pointing to a building you hadn’t even noticed before.
Our brains work harder to process indifferent environments. Therefore, walking outside cultivates our ability to collect new ideas and take in new sights,sounds,smells, and flavors. Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees can lower your stress levels. ___4___Research has shown that immersion in nature and the disconnection from multimedia increased performance on a creative problem-solving task in a group of hikers.
So instead of setting a fitness goal, why rot set a creativity goal that just starts with walking outdoors?___5___For example,you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world,to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake. Walk not just for exercise.Walk for wonder.
A．In fact,you often fail to do it by yourself.
B．Engage more closely with your surroundings.
C．Without enough energy, you cannot wonder or create.
D．The physical movement during walking is obviously key.
E．You can walk through a park and observe people relaxing or birds singing.
F．But you don’t have to live near a forest to receive the psychological benefits.
G．However, this habit isn’t just a healthy habit but a necessary element of creativity.

（2023届北京市平谷区高三一模英语试卷）Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean. They exist on vast scales and are equally important havens of biodiversity. Reefs occupy 0.1% of the oceans. ____6____
Corals are useful to people. Without the protection which reefs afford from crashing waves, low-lying islands such as the Maldives would have flooded long ago, and a billion people would lose food or income. However, reefs are under threat from rising sea temperatures. Heat causes the algae (海藻) with which corals are living together to generate toxins (毒素) that force those coral to leave. ____7____
Research groups around the world are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help, such as identifying naturally heat-resistant corals and cross-breeding such corals to create a new type. ____8____ Without carbon reduction and decline in local, coral-killing pollution, even resistant corals will not survive the century.
Doubters doubt humanity will get its act together in time to make much difference.
____9____ Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with. Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together. Scientific workarounds can also be found. Natural currents can be applied to facilitate mass breeding. Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximize bang for buck.
____10____ It could serve as a blueprint for other ecosystems. Hard-core greens — those who think that all habitats should be kept unspoiled — may not approve. But when entire ecosystems are facing destruction, the cost of doing nothing is too great to bear.
A．This can cause a coral’s death.
B．But there are grounds for optimism.
C．And they host a quarter of marine species.
D．Coral’s global ecosystem services are worth up to $10trn a year.
E．This mix of natural activity and human intervention is important.
F．This research can also be brought to bear on trying to save entire ecosystems.
G．However, the assisted evolution of corals does not meet with universal enthusiasm.

（2023届北京市房山区高三一模英语试卷）Has anyone ever told you, “Stand up straight!” or scolded you for sitting lazily at a family dinner? Comments like that might be annoying, but they’re not wrong.
____11____ It is the foundation for every movement your body makes, and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it. These stresses can be things like carrying weight, or sitting in an awkward position. ____12____
If your posture isn’t good enough, your muscles have to work harder to keep you upright and balanced. Some muscles will become tight and inflexible. ____13____ It increases the likelihood of accidents, and makes some organs, like your lungs, less efficient.
So what does good posture look like? If you’re sitting, your neck should be vertical, not tilted forward. Your shoulders should be relaxed with your arms close to your trunk. Your knees should be at a right angle with your feet flat on the floor. But what if your posture can’t be that great? ____14____ For example, adjust your screen so it’s at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body, like your elbows and wrists, are supported.
It’s also not enough to just have good posture. Keeping your muscles and joints moving is extremely important. In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be worse than regular movement with bad posture. ____15____ And be sure to exercise. Using your muscles will keep them strong enough to support you effectively, on top of all the other benefits to your joints, bones, brain and heart.
A．Try redesigning your environment.
B．You adjust your body unless you feel tired.
C．So if you sit a lot, get up and move around on occasion.
D．And the big one that we all experience every day is gravity.
E．Besides, poor posture leads to extra wear and tear on your joints.
F．Posture can even influence your emotional state and your sensitivity to pain.
G．Your posture refers to the way you hold your body when you’re sitting or standing.

（2023届北京市东城区高三一模英语试卷）With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious. ____16____ Is it right? Maybe not.
Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic. ____17____
One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury. ____18____ Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable.
____19____ Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.
Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints. ____20____ It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability.
A．So where should we look for answers instead?
B．The modern world’s simple solution is technology.
C．Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.
D．Is it a trap that many people have fallen into in recent years?
E．Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.
F．Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably.
G．Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.

（2023届北京市西城区高三一模英语试卷）Adults are often embarrassed about asking for aid. It’s an act that can make people feel emotionally unsafe.____21____Seeking assistance can feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence.
New research suggests young children don’t seek help in school, even when they need it, for the same reason. Until recently, psychologists assumed that children did not start to care about their reputation and their friends’ thoughts about them until around age nine.
But our research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. At some point, every child struggles in the classroom.____22____
To learn more about how children think about reputation, we created simple stories and then asked children questions about these situations to allow kids to showcase their thinking.
Across several studies, we asked 576 children, ages four to nine, to predict the behavior of two kids in a story. One of the characters genuinely wanted to be smart, and the other merely wanted to seem smart to others. In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test.____23____The four-year-olds were equally likely to choose either of the two kids as the one who would seek help. But by age seven or eight, children thought that the kid who wanted to seem smart would be less likely to ask for assistance. And children’s expectations were truly “reputational” in nature-they were specifically thinking about how the characters would act in front of others. When assistance could be sought privately (on a computer rather than in person), children thought both characters were equally likely to ask for it.
____24____Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. They should also help students realize asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behavior. ____25____Parents could point out how a child’s question kicked off a valuable conversation in which the entire family got to talk and learn together. Adults could praise kids for seeking assistance. These responses send a strong signal that other people value a willingness to ask for aid and that seeking help is part of a path to success.
A．Kids could be afraid to ask their parents for help.
B．Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable.
C．In another study we told them that only one kid did poorly.
D．Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions.
E．The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you are lost.
F．But if they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer.
G．We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help.

（2023届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模英语试题）Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts. We started asking our parents numerous questions as kids. By preschool, our inquiries even reached the depths of science, philosophy, and the social order. Where does the sun go at night? Why doesn’t that man have a home like we do? Why do rocks sink but ice floats? ____26____
Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults? An important factor is how the social environments surrounding us change as we age. Schools transform from a place for asking questions to one funded by our ability to answer them. ____27____ And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.
____28____ We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.
When it comes to how we phrase questions, we are advised to open with less sensitive questions, favor follow-up questions, and keep questions open-ended. We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal. ____29____ Finally, we could set aside time to ask absurd questions like “How would you accomplish a week’s work in two hours?” This type of questions forces us to break the boundaries of our comfort zone.
In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions. ____30____ Great questions can open up our capacity to change because they allow us to draw people in, opening them up to sharing knowledge, ideas, and opinions. And they are also our primary means of learning about the world. In short, asking questions is the best way to deepen our understanding of the things that matter to our life. As any child could probably tell us if we asked.
A．Then, at some point, our inquiring desires disappear.
B．It is a high-payoff behavior especially in times of change.
C．The questions we ask depend on our attitudes as well as the situations.
D．But as we grow up, asking questions fills us with worry and self-doubt.
E．As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere.
F．We learn to sell ourselves on the job market by what we know, not what we don’t.
G．It not only removes the publicity from question asking, but offers us a place to experiment.

（2023届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模英语试题）Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).___31___. It can help you process what you’ve been through and assist you as you envision a path forward.
Why does a writing intervention work?___32___In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety “frees up” cognitive resources. When you write down the emotions associated with a traumatic experience, you may be changing the way it is organized in the brain. You are then able to detach from the emotion, making it easier for you to talk about and process the event.
However, for most people, the thought of acknowledging emotions and admitting that there’s something wrong with us is difficult. This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.___33___That is what sets journaling apart. This is between you and your journal — you don’t have to share it with anyone unless, of course, you choose to.
If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.___34___Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it. Use all your senses. Now, write about that object and see how large its meaning can become.
___35___How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well. It all depends on what works best for you. Remember, one size does not fit all. Writing may not work for everyone, but you won’t know if you don’t try.
A．Despite that, expressive writing remains an accessible tool.
B．Of course, expressive writing is hardly a panacea (灵丹妙药).
C．Also, seeking help for emotional stress is often seen as a sign of weakness.
D．It may seem abnormal that writing about negative experiences has a positive effect.
E．Once you have a better handle on your problems, you can move forward and get on with life.
F．It is writing from your heart and mind and about the emotion associated with a certain event.
G．Let your mind go to the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings and truth of your experience.

（北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高三下学期一模英语质量检测）Why Boundaries at Work Are Essential
What is a boundary, you ask? A boundary is a limit defining you in relation to someone or something. ____36____ If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.
Letting co-workers know you are not comfortable shaking their hands or hugging them at a holiday party, especially with Covid at this time, is another example of setting a physical boundary. It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的). ____37____
Emotional boundaries are related to our feelings and how something or someone’s behavior affects us. For example, if a boss treats you disrespectfully by yelling at you or a colleague frequently interrupts you in meetings, you are likely to feel hurt, embarrassed, and perhaps angry. Understandably, by having a courageous conversation with both your boss and co-worker about their behavior, the impact it has on you, and your expectations regarding future behavior, you are setting healthy emotional boundaries for yourself at work.
Sometimes we set a boundary that is a combination of both a physical and emotional one. ____38____ One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday. Often, the above workplace demands lead to increased stress and a high potential for burnout (倦怠) over time.
Mental boundaries are related to our beliefs, values, cultural norms, ethics (道德), and standards. For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this. ____39____ Over time, this may lead to significant stress and physical symptoms within.
____40____ Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards. Learning the skill of boundary setting helps empower us to prioritize our values and well-being and better manage our stress. Identifying, setting, and maintaining boundaries are skills — valuable skills that, unfortunately, we are often not taught in school or the workplace.
A．Why are boundaries important?
B．However, they are equally, if not more, important.
C．Therefore, we need to tell the difference between them.
D．Setting a boundary in the above example may be quite helpful.
E．Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.
F．Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.
G．Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.

（2023届北京市石景山区高三统一练习英语试卷）Offload Thoughts
In our busy world, we rush from task to task, often leaving us feeling easily angered. We seek out technology or brain-enhancing products to help us optimize (最优化) our productivity, but end up running on a never-ending hamster(仓鼠) wheel. ____41____ It feels like our entire lives are engineered toward one question: How much can I get done in the least amount of time?
Research shows that spending too much time optimizing our thoughts for perfect outcomes not only leaves us feeling exhausted, but can also have harmful effects on our wellbeing and work output. Optimizing thoughts requires being highly focused. But it just goes against the way our minds work. That is to say, efficiency isn’t always productive when we pursue it. ____42____ And to some extent, it can even cause impulsive (鲁莽的) decision-making.
Our brain essentially has two main modes of operating: the “focus network” and the “default mode network.” When one network works, the other physically can’t turn on. The modern world often demands we live in the focus network and the default mode network is often less celebrated. ____43____ So in order to make more effective decisions and feel better in our daily lives, we have to spend less time in our brain’s “focus network.”
Cognitive (认知的) offloading is an accessible practice. It has the potential to not only release emotions, but enhance mental capabilities, too. Even just a few moments of creative flow — like offloading the feelings of anxiety by doodling (涂鸦) before a meeting — can have a strong impact on emotions. ____44____ We might try cognitive offloading as a transition from our action-oriented workday into a more relaxed evening routine.
____45____ And we can see what takes shape. Some unproductive pathways often can help us feel more creative, refreshed, and alive.
A．The functionality is simpler than you might imagine.
B．Give ourselves a few minutes to offload our emotions.
C．Being focused all the time can eventually lead to less self-control.
D．Fortunately, there is a way to stop this kind of always-on mentality.
E．It’s no surprise that the majority of us feel more exhausted than ever.
F．But spending more time on the latter offers a form of “insurance” for our emotions.
G．What’s more, this exercise can help give the brain the space to make new connections.


参考答案：
1．G 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。散步被认为是最好的运动之一。对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处。然而，这个习惯不仅仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素。斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，走路时人们更有创造力。
1．根据空白处上文“For many people,daily walking offers massive and long-term physical and mental benefits(对许多人来说，每天散步对身体和精神都有巨大而长期的好处)”以及下文“A Stanford University study found that participants were more creative when walking as opposed to sitting(斯坦福大学的一项研究发现，与坐着相比，参与者在走路时更有创造力).”可知，此处上下文说的是走路不仅有益于身体健康，也是有利于创造力的培养，G项“However, this habit isn’t just a healthy habit but a necessary element of creativity(然而，这个习惯不仅是一个健康的习惯，也是创造力的必要因素)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
2．根据下文“Our creative mindset is triggered by physical movement(我们的创造性思维是由身体运动引发的)”可知，走路时的身体运动很重要，D项“The physical movement during walking is obviously key(走路时的身体运动显然是关键)”表达的含义一致，讲述身体运动是重要的。故选D项。
3．根据上文“Just by going outside, you are stepping out of your habitual surroundings and your comfort zone,which is necessary if you want to open your mind to new possibilities(只要走出去，你就走出了你习惯的环境和舒适区，如果你想打开你的思维，接受新的可能性，这是必要的)”可知此处说的是要到外面去走走，E项“You can walk through a park and observe people relaxing or birds singing(你可以穿过公园，观察人们放松或鸟儿唱歌)”符合语境，承接上文，故选E项。
4．根据空白处上文“Shinrin-yoku, a common form of relaxation in Japan, suggests that being in the forest and walking among the trees can lower your stress levels. (Shinrin yoku是日本一种常见的放松方式，它建议在森林里和树间散步可以降低你的压力水平)”以及下文“Research has shown that immersion in nature and the disconnection from multimedia increased performance on a creative problem-solving task in a group of hikers.(研究表明，沉浸在大自然中并与多媒体的脱离提高了一群徒步旅行者创造性解决问题的能力)”可知此处上下文说的是在森林中散步是有益的，但是不在森林中一样可以收到同样的效果，F项“But you don’t have to live near a forest to receive the psychological benefits.(但你不必住在森林附近才能获得心理上的好处)”符合语境，承上启下，故选F项。
5．根据下文“For example,you can turn off your phone and give yourself the chance to be present in the world,to hear conversations and natural sounds, and to notice the way people move and the way the sun reflects in a lake.( 例如，你可以关掉手机，让自己有机会出现在这个世界上，听到对话声和自然的声音，注意人们走动的方式和阳光在湖中的反射方式)”可知，此处说的是要更加近地走进你周围的环境，B项“Engage more closely with your surroundings(更紧密地参与你的环境)”符合语境，故选B项。
6．C 7．A 8．G 9．B 10．E

【导语】这是一篇说明文。珊瑚礁对海洋生态系统和人类至关重要，但是珊瑚礁正受到海水温度上升的威胁，研究人员正在采用自然活动和人为干预相结合的措施进行保护。
6．根据前文“Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean. They exist on vast scales and are equally important havens of biodiversity.(珊瑚礁是海洋中的热带雨林。它们规模庞大，同样是生物多样性的重要避风港。)”可知，此处是讲珊瑚礁是海洋生物多样性的重要避风港，所以选项C“它们是四分之一海洋物种的家园。”切合文意。故选C。
7．根据前文“Heat causes the algae (海藻) with which corals are living together to generate toxins (毒素) that force those coral to leave.(高温会导致与珊瑚共生的藻类产生毒素，迫使珊瑚离开。)”可知，此处是指这种情况会导致珊瑚死亡。所以选项A“这会导致珊瑚死亡。”切合文意。故选A。
8．根据前文“Research groups around the world are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help, such as identifying naturally heat-resistant corals and cross-breeding such corals to create a new type. (世界各地的研究小组正在制定行动计划，看看这是否会有所帮助，比如识别天然耐热珊瑚，并对这种珊瑚进行杂交，以创造一种新的珊瑚。)”和后文“Without carbon reduction and decline in local, coral-killing pollution, even resistant corals will not survive the century.(如果不减少碳排放，不减少对当地珊瑚造成伤害的污染，即使是有抵抗力的珊瑚也无法在本世纪存活。)”可知，此处是指珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持，所以选项G“然而，珊瑚的辅助进化并没有受到普遍的支持。”切合文意。故选G。
9．根据后文“Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with. Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together.(碳排放目标正在制定，海洋污染正在处理。对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家开始共同行动。)”可知，此处是指情况也有好的趋势，所以选项B“但我们有理由感到乐观。”切合文意。故选B。
10．根据前文“Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with. Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together. Scientific workarounds can also be found. Natural currents can be applied to facilitate mass breeding. Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximize bang for buck.(碳排放目标正在制定，海洋污染正在处理。对珊瑚礁负有共同责任的国家开始共同行动。科学的变通方法也可以找到。自然水流可用于促进大规模繁殖。可以确定最具生态和经济重要性的地点，以最大限度地降低成本。)”和后文“It could serve as a blueprint for other ecosystems.(它可以作为其他生态系统的蓝图。)”可知，此处是指这种自然活动和人为干预的结合很有好处，所以选项E“这种自然活动和人为干预的结合很重要。”切合文意。故选E。
11．G 12．D 13．E 14．A 15．C

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。主要介绍了站姿和坐姿不正确的危害以及调整方式。
11．根据空后“It is the foundation for every movement your body makes, and can determine how well your body adapts to the stresses on it.（它是你身体所有动作的基础，并且能决定你的身体对压力的适应程度。）”可知，空后的it指代的是G项“你的姿势是你坐着或站着的时候你支撑身体的方式。”中的your posture，本空介绍了什么是你的姿势，空后说明姿势的功能，故选G项。
12．根据空前“These stresses can be things like carrying weight, or sitting in an awkward position.（这些压力可以是负重或坐在一个不舒服的位置。）”可知，空前介绍了身体所承受压力有负重和坐在不舒服的位置，故D项“我们每天承受的最大压力就是重力”符合，本空进一步介绍我们每天要承受的压力还有重力，故选D项。
13．根据空前“Some muscles will become tight and inflexible.(一些肌肉会变得紧，变得僵硬。)”可知，E项“而且，不良的姿势会对你的关节造成额外的磨损。”是空前的顺义承接，空前提出了不良姿势会让身体肌肉变得紧，变得僵硬，本空的“Besides”，进一步说明不良姿势会造成关节的额外磨损，故选E项。
14．根据空前“But what if your posture can’t be that great?(但是，如果你的姿势不可能那么好呢？)”和空后“For example, adjust your screen so it’s at or slightly below eye level. Make sure all parts of your body, like your elbows and wrists, are supported.(例如，调整屏幕，使其处于或略低于眼镜水平。确保你的身体的所有部位，如肘部和手腕，都得到支撑。)”可知，空前提出问题，空后举例说明要调整屏幕，故A项“试着重新调整你的环境”符合，如果姿势不能那么好，那就选择调整环境你，故选A项。
15．根据空前“In fact, being still for long periods with good posture can be worse than regular movement with bad posture.(事实上，以良好的姿势长时间静止可能比以不良姿势进行有规律的运动更糟糕。)”可知，空前提出了良好姿势的长时间静止比以不良姿势运动更糟糕，故C项“因此，如果你经常坐着，偶尔要站起来走动一下”符合，空前提出了长时间静止对身体并不好，故要偶尔站起来走动一下，故选C项。
16．B 17．E 18．C 19．A 20．G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出“技术乐观主义”试图用技术解决当前的气候问题，作者用电动汽车的例子来证明这种想法似乎是没用的。改变我们的社会运作方式，以及人们的生活方式才是解决问题的关键所在。
16．根据上文“With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.(随着气候变化的持续恶化，我们的情况开始变得越来越严重)”可知，气候问题持续恶化，人类的情况开始变得越来越严重。由此推知，人类可能会采取解决气候问题的办法。结合下文“Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题)”可知，人们试图依靠技术来解决气候问题。B项“The modern world’s simple solution is technology.(现代世界的简单解决方案就是技术)”符合题意。故选B。
17．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces (强化) the idea that there’s no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do is look to green technology to work its magic.(当谈到确保我们未来的解决方案时，技术乐观主义是最大的误解之一。它可以被定义为相信未来的技术将解决我们当前的所有问题。这个定义强化了这样一种观点，即没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式。社会所需要做的就是期待绿色技术发挥其魔力)”可知，上文提到了“没有理由恐慌或改变我们当前的能源密集型生活方式”这种观点，由此推知，下文应对这种观点进行评价。E项“Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold.(不幸的是，这是一个极其危险的观点)”符合题意。故选E。
18．根据上文“One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the midcentury.(电动汽车就是这种乐观误解的最好例子之一。尽管电动汽车被高度认为是一种环保的出行方式，但它并不是未来交通的终点。电动汽车中的电池使用的化学元素到本世纪中叶可能会出现短缺)”可知，上文提到了电动汽车的弊端。结合本段主要谈论“乐观误解”推知，空处应继续对电动汽车的弊端进行陈述。C项“Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce.(此外，它们的生产更耗能)”符合题意。故选C。
19．空处位于段首，应为本段主旨句或引出本段内容。根据下文“Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars, Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions.(投资公共交通，远离个人拥有的车辆。生产更少的汽车，改善旧电池的回收利用做法。我们寻求的解决方案不应该植根于新技术，而应该改变我们社会的运作方式)”可知，作者认为我们应该改变社会的运作方式，这才是解决气候问题的办法。A项“So where should we look for answers instead?(那么，我们应该在哪里寻找答案呢？)”符合题意，引出本段内容，下文是对该问题的回答。故选A。
20．根据上文“Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.(技术乐观主义过于强调技术，而对我们现在能做的事情却不够重视。不幸的是，人们似乎喜欢技术乐观主义所描绘的画面)”和下文“It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. (重要的是要理解，当我们将这些技术视为使我们当前的生活方式环保的一种方式时，问题就开始了)”可知，人们似乎更喜欢依靠技术解决问题，当我们把技术视为当前的环保生活方式时，问题就开始了。由此可知，要解决气候问题，不能只依靠技术，关键是要从很大程度上改变我们的生活方式。G项“Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles.(然而，事实是，我们需要广泛改变我们的生活方式)”符合题意。故选G。
21．E 22．F 23．G 24．D 25．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。给读者提供建议，如何解决孩子因为害怕在他人面前呈现自己的无能而不愿提问寻求帮助这一问题。
21．上文“Adults are often embarrassed about asking for aid. It’s an act that can make people feel emotionally unsafe. (成年人在寻求援助时常常感到尴尬。这是一种会让人们感到情绪不安全的行为。)”指出，成年人不愿意寻求帮助，是因为会让他们感到情绪不安全。下文“Seeking assistance can feel like you are broadcasting your incompetence. (寻求帮助可能会让人觉得你在散播自己的无能。)”指出，寻求帮助会让人觉得你无能。选项E“The moment you ask for directions, after all, you reveal that you are lost. (毕竟，当你问路的那一刻，你就表明你迷路了。)”延续上文，以问路表明自己的迷路这一例子呈现出为什么会让人感到情绪不安全，也呈现出下文所说的表明了“你”的无能，故符合语境。故选E项。
22．上文“But our research suggests that as early as age seven, children begin to connect asking for help with looking incompetent in front of others. At some point, every child struggles in the classroom. (但我们的研究表明，早在七岁时，孩子们就开始将寻求帮助与在他人面前看起来无能联系起来。在某些时候，每个孩子都在教室里挣扎。)”指出，孩童也会讲寻求帮助和让他人觉得自己无能联系起来。选项F“But if they are afraid to ask for help because their classmates are watching, learning will suffer. (但是，如果他们因为同学在看而不敢寻求帮助，学习就会受到影响。)”进一步指出，如果孩子因为害怕呈现出自己的无能而不寻求帮助，这会带来不良影响。故选F项。
23．上文“In one study, we told children that both kids did poorly on a test. (在一项研究中，我们告诉孩子们，两个孩子在测试中都表现不佳。)”指出，在一个研究中，参与者得知了有两个孩子在测试中表现不佳这一情况。选项G“We then asked which of these characters would be more likely to raise their hand in front of their class to ask the teacher for help. (然后，我们问这些角色中哪一个更有可能在课堂前举手向老师寻求帮助。)”延续上文，继续指出这个研究的下一个动作为：判断这两个孩子谁更有可能寻求老实的帮助。故选G项。
24．下文“Teachers could give children more opportunities to seek assistance privately. (教师可以给孩子们更多的机会私下寻求帮助。)”指出，教师应该多私下提供机会帮助孩子们。选项D“Such reputational barriers likely require reputation-based solutions. (此类声誉障碍可能需要基于声誉的解决方案。)”指出，这类问题的解决需要一些特定的方案，下文是对这一表述的具体建议之一，故此句符合该语境要求。故选D项。
25．上文“They should also help students realize asking questions in front of others as normal, positive behavior. (他们还应该帮助学生认识到在别人面前提问是一种正常的、积极的行为。)”指出，要教育学生认识到在他人面前提问是正常的行为。选项B“Seeking help could even be taught as socially desirable. (寻求帮助甚至可以被认为是社会所需要的。)”指出寻求帮助是这会所需要的，这进一步佐证上文观点，让“在他人面前提问是正常积极的行为”这一观点根据可信度，符合语境。故选B项。
26．A 27．F 28．E 29．G 30．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着年龄的增长我们问问题的欲望不断减少的原因和和应对策略。
26．上文“Once upon a time, we were all question-asking experts.(曾几何时，我们都是提问专家。)”提到了曾经的我们都爱问问题，并列举了一系列曾经问过的问题。下文“Why does the child’s urge to ask questions grow inactive in so many adults?(为什么在许多成年人身上，孩子问问题的冲动变得不活跃了?)”提到了现在情况发生了转折，A选项中inquiring与上文的问题呼应，dispear与下文的inactive呼应，所以A选项“然后，在某个时刻，我们的探究欲望消失了。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A项。
27．下文“And we recognize that society rewards the people who propose to have the answers.(我们认识到，社会会奖励那些提出答案的人。)”提到了那些提出答案的人，F选项中what we know与下文那些提出答案的人呼应，所以F选项“我们学会在就业市场上用我们知道的东西来推销自己，而不是我们不知道的东西。”能引起下文内容，符合语境。故选F项。
28．下文“We can be braver about asking questions in public and encouraging others to pursue their curiosity, too. In that encouragement, we help create an environment where those around us feel safe to ask questions.(我们可以更勇敢地在公共场合提问，也可以鼓励其他人追求自己的好奇心。在这种鼓励下，我们帮助创造一种环境，让我们周围的人可以放心地提出问题。)”提到了创造提问的环境，E选项中mosphere是关键词，与下文的environment相呼应，所以E选项“As such, one way to renew our inquiring spirit is to change the atmosphere(因此，要恢复我们的探究精神，一个方法就是改变氛围)”能概括下文内容。故选E项。
29．上文“We can also practice asking questions of and for ourselves by keeping a running list of questions in a journal.(我们也可以通过在日记中记录问题列表来练习问自己问题。)”提到了通过日记记录问题，G选项中a place是关键词语上文的journal呼应，所以G选项“这不仅消除了提问的公共性，还为我们提供了一个实验的场所。”能承接上文内容，符合语境。故选G项。
30．上文“In the world that does not look much as it did years ago, we must ask questions.(在这个与多年前大不相同的世界里，我们必须提出问题。)”提到了世界的变化，B选项中change是关键词与上文呼应，所以B选项“这是一种高回报的行为，尤其是在变革时期。”能呼应上文内容。故选B项。
31．F 32．D 33．C 34．G 35．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一个能帮助人们从创伤中愈合的方法——表达性写作。
31．上文“Expressive writing or journaling is one way to help you heal from trauma (创伤).(表达性写作或日志是帮助你从创伤中愈合的一种方法)”提到表达性写作，F项“这是发自内心的写作，是关于与某一事件相关的情感”进一步解释表达性写作，符合语境，故选F。
32．下文“In fact, narrating the story of an ongoing anxiety ‘frees up’ cognitive resources.(事实上，讲述一个持续焦虑的故事可以‘释放’认知资源)”是解释为什么写下消极的经历能带来积极的效果，故D项“把消极的经历写下来会有积极的效果，这似乎不正常”符合语境，下文是对D项中看似不正常的现象进行解释。故选D。
33．上文“This is because expressing emotions can bring up feelings of guilt and shame.(这是因为表达情绪会带来内疚和羞耻感)”是解释人们很难承认情绪有问题的原因，结合选项，C项“此外，为情绪压力寻求帮助通常被视为软弱的表现”和上文是并列关系，也是描述其原因，故选C。
34．上文“If you’re interested in trying out writing as a tool for healing, start your writing by setting a timer for ten minutes.(如果你想把写作作为疗伤的工具，那就设置一个十分钟的计时器开始写作吧)”建议开始写作，G项“让你的思绪回到细节、具体的时刻，去感受你的感受和你经历的真相”是描述方法，即如何开始写作，符合语境，G项中的“the detailed, specific moments to get to the feelings”与下文“Think of one object in your home that signifies a moment for you. See it in full color. Feel the weight of it.(想想你家里的一件对你来说意味着某个时刻的物品。带着满满的趣味去看它。感受它的重量)”呼应。故选G。
35．根据本段中“How you heal from trauma can be different from person to person as well.(如何从创伤中痊愈也因人而异)”及“Writing may not work for everyone(写作可能不适合所有人)”可知，本段主要讲述写作不是万能的，不是所有人都适合，B项“当然，表达性写作不是灵丹妙药”符合语境，故选B。
36．E 37．B 38．G 39．F 40．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了为什么工作中的界限至关重要。
36．根据下文“If you have informed someone that this is your office space, your desk, or your chair, you have attempted to set physical boundaries.(如果你告诉别人这是你的办公室，你的桌子，或你的椅子，你已经试图设置物理边界)”可知，此处在讲述界限的类型。由此可知，E. Boundaries can be physical, mental, emotional, tangible, or intangible.(界限可以是身体上的、精神上的、情感上的、有形的或无形的)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选E。
37．根据上文“It is often easier to understand a physical boundary. Emotional or mental boundaries may be subtler (更微妙的).(物理边界通常更容易理解。情感或精神界限可能更加微妙)”可知，此处在对比物理边界和情感或精神界限。由此可知，B. However, they are equally, if not more, important.(然而，它们即使不是更重要，也同样重要)能够承接上文，其中they指代上文中的“物理边界和情感或精神界限”，符合此处语境。故选B。
38．根据下文“One example of this is being repeatedly asked to work late during the week/weekends or while on vacation. Another example is being required to see too many clients or patients to the point we feel tired at the end of the day and exhausted by Friday.(其中一个例子就是反复被要求在工作日/周末或假期加班。另一个例子是，我们被要求看太多的客户或病人，以至于我们在一天结束时感到疲惫，到周五就筋疲力尽了)”可知，此处讲述的是我们会被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情。由此可知，G. Such boundaries often involve being asked to do more than we feel capable of for an extended period of time.(这种界限经常包括在很长一段时间内被要求做一些超出我们感觉能力范围的事情)能够衔接下文，符合此处语境。故选G。
39．根据上文“For example, you value a workplace culture that treats employees and clients with respect and dignity and acts ethically. After six months, you realize that company leaders are repeatedly behaving in ways not consistent with this.(例如，你看重一种尊重员工和客户、行为合乎道德的职场文化。六个月后，你意识到公司领导的行为一再与此不一致)”及常识可知，当个人价值观和道德标准与公司不一致时，可能会导致内部冲突。由此可知，F. Your values and ethical standards don’t match with your company’s, which likely will lead to internal conflict.(你的价值观和道德标准与公司不一致，这可能会导致内部冲突)能够承接上文，符合此处语境。故选F。
40．根据下文“Boundaries serve many functions. They help protect us, clarify our responsibility, preserve our physical and emotional energy, and live our values and standards.(边界有很多功能。它们有助于保护我们，明确我们的责任，保持我们的身体和情感能量，并实现我们的价值观和标准)”可知，本段主要介绍的是边界对我们很重要。由此可知，A. Why are boundaries important? (为什么界限很重要？)能够统领本段，符合此处语境。故选A。
41．E 42．C 43．F 44．G 45．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章描述了在当今忙碌的世界，大脑需要高速运转的现象，但一直保持专注不仅让人疲惫，还不利于提高效率，最后文章提出了 “认知卸载”的方法来使自己放松。
41．根据上文“We seek out technology or brain-enhancing products to help us optimize(最优化) our productivity, but end up running on a never-ending hamster (仓鼠) wheel.(我们寻求技术或增强大脑的产品来帮助我们优化工作效率，但最终却在无休止的仓鼠转轮上奔跑)”可知，我们想提高工作效率却最终在不停转圈，故我们应是感觉很疲惫，E项“我们大多数人比以往任何时候都感到疲惫，这并不奇怪”符合语境。故选E。
42．根据下文“And to some extent, it can even cause impulsive(鲁莽的) decision-making.(在某种程度上，它甚至会导致鲁莽的决策)”可知，even表示递进关系，所以空处也是描述一直保持专注追求效率会导致的后果，C项“一直专注最终会导致自控力下降”符合语境。故选C。
43．上文“The modern world often demands we live in the focus network and the default mode network is often less celebrated.(现代世界经常要求我们生活在焦点网络中，而默认模式网络通常不那么受欢迎)”提到现代世界经常要求我们在大脑的“焦点网络”上花更多时间，结合下文“So in order to make more effective decisions and feel better in our daily lives, we have to spend less time in our brain’s ‘focus network.’(因此，为了做出更有效的决定，在日常生活中感觉更好，我们必须在大脑的‘焦点网络’上花更少的时间)”可知，空处与上文是转折关系，应是讲述在“默认网络”上花更多时间的好处，F项“但花更多时间在后者上，为我们的情绪提供了一种‘保险’”符合语境，故选F。
44．上文“Even just a few moments of creative flow — like offloading the feelings of anxiety by doodling (涂鸦) before a meeting — can have a strong impact on emotions.(即使只是几分钟的创意流动——比如在会议前涂鸦来缓解焦虑——也会对情绪产生强烈的影响)”提到认知卸载的好处，结合选项，G项“更重要的是，这项运动可以帮助大脑建立新的联系”进一步描述其好处。故选G。
45．空处位于末段，是总结上文，上文提到通过认知卸载来使自己放松，故B项“给自己几分钟时间来释放情绪”符合语境。故选B。