必刷卷 02——【高考三轮冲刺】2023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷(北京专用)（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份必刷卷 02——【高考三轮冲刺】2023年高考英语考前20天冲刺必刷卷(北京专用)（原卷版+解析版），文件包含必刷卷02北京专用解析版docx、必刷卷02北京专用原卷版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共28页， 欢迎下载使用。
2023年高考英语考前信息必刷卷02
北京专用

北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩满分150分。笔试部分题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+ 短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+ 阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达（1小题，满分20分）.

回顾2022年高考卷北京卷完形填空是一篇记叙文，考查点：动词词义辨析（4个），动词短语（1个），形容词（3个），副词（1个），名词（1个）。语法填空A篇是一篇记叙文，考查点：介词，不定式，动词时态各一题；B篇是说明文，考查点:非谓语，宾语从句，主谓一致各一题；C篇是记叙文，考查点：反身代词，定语从句，形容词比较级，动词时态各一题。阅读理解A篇应用文，考查点：细节理解题（3题）；B篇记叙文，考查点：细节理解题（3题），推理判断题（1题）；C篇说明文，推理判断题（2题），细节理解题（1题）；D篇，议论文，（推理判断题，细节理解题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题各一。）阅读表达是一篇说明文，写作是一篇应用文-建议信。
本套试卷完形填空是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是安东尼改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生，也意识到倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。短文填空（A篇是记叙文。讲述了一个女孩联合国儿童基金会“了解你的食物”运动的一家商店购物的经历；B篇记叙文。文章讲述了黄文绣（音译）回到自己的家乡百色，帮助家乡摆脱贫困的故事；C篇是记叙文。作者记叙了一次自我想象的经历，想象自己一个站在河边，登上了一艘船，回到了童年，又能重新进行选择）。阅读理解（A篇是一篇应用文。主要介绍了到挪威游览的行程安排；B篇是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了经营家庭超市20年的Pep在接受电台采访时的评论，决定申请去帕尔玛大学学习心理学，并在46岁被录取，实现了自己的梦想，并最终得到一份研究和教学的工作；C一篇说明文。本文介绍了牛津大学英语文学入学考试的相关要求；D篇是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议）。七选五是一篇说明文。文章介绍了导致我们失去动力的常见原因以及如何去分别克服它们。阅读表达是一篇记叙文。书面表达是应用文。


第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework. Then I grew less trusting and quitted ___1___ any excuse. When the students at my new school didn’t finish homework, I never asked why. Instead, I just sighed loudly and recorded a zero in the grade book. I soon gained the ___2___ I thought I wanted.
One day, Anthony approached me. “Could I talk to you?” he asked ___3___. “I know you said no excuse, but I don’t want you to think I’m ___4___ because I often come without my homework.” He then looked up at me for the first time. “It’s just that... my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to look after my little brothers. Often, they cry a lot, and it’s hard for me to ___5___...”
I was about to ask why he didn’t tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why. So I changed the ___6___. “Would it help if you stayed after school and worked on it before you go home?”
He nodded hard.
Anthony became the first student in my after-school study session. Several days later, Terrell joined him, followed by Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of students. Their stories were not amusing, but all very ___7___:
·The power company ___8___ our lights because we couldn’t pay the bill.
·My dad says schoolwork is just a waste of time.
·We don’t have any paper in the house.
I thus discovered not all kids come from families that are ___9___. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t even have home. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” _____10_____ better than “No excuse!”
1．A．inventing B．finding C．accepting D．offering
2．A．reputation B．benefit C．experience D．praise
3．A．loudly B．shyly C．curiously D．eagerly
4．A．poor B．mean C．lazy D．weak
5．A．behave B．concentrate C．struggle D．compete
6．A．question B．tune C．process D．thought
7．A．complex B．moving C．cool D．real
8．A．broke down B．put out C．cut off D．shut out
9．A．disciplined B．peaceful C．traditional D．supportive
10．A．works B．feels C．understands D．controls

【答案】
1．C    2．A    3．B    4．C    5．B    6．A    7．D    8．C    9．D    10．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是安东尼改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生，也意识到倾听比不让孩子找借口更有效。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我变得不那么信任了，不再接受任何借口。A. inventing发明；B. finding发现；C. accepting接受；D. offering提供。根据上文“I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework.”推知，作者不再接受任何借口。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很快就获得了我认为我想要的声誉。A. reputation名声，名誉；B. benefit益处，好处；C. experience经历，经验；D. praise表扬。根据上文“Instead, I just sighed loudly and recorded a zero in the grade book.”推知，学生不完成作业的情况有所改善，作者得到了自己想要的“好老师”的声誉。故选A。
3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问。A. loudly大声地；B. shyly害羞地；C. curiously好奇地；D. eagerly迫切地。根据下文“because I often come without my homework.”可知，男孩常常没有完成作业，因此和老师说话时应该是害羞的。故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我知道你说没有借口，但我不想让你认为我很懒，因为我经常不带作业来。”A. poor贫穷的，可怜的；B. mean吝啬的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. weak虚弱的，差的。根据“because I often come without my homework.”推知，男孩不希望作者因为他常常不做作业就认为他懒惰。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只是……我爸爸搬出去了，我妈妈晚上工作，所以我必须照顾我的小弟弟。他们经常哭，我很难集中注意力……”A. behave举止；B. concentrate集中注意力；C. struggle挣扎；D. compete竞争。根据“Often, they cry a lot”可知，弟弟们的哭声让男孩很难集中注意力。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我改变了问题。A. question问题；B. tune调子；C. process进程，过程；D. thought想法。根据上文“I was about to ask why he didn’t tell me earlier when I suddenly realized why.”和下文“Would it help if you stayed after school and worked on it before you go home?”可知，作者改变了自己原本打算问男孩的问题。故选A。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们的故事不再令人发笑，所有的都非常真实。A. complex复杂的；B. moving令人感动的；C. cool酷的，凉爽的；D. real真的。呼应上文“I heard countless make-believe stories for unfinished homework”可知，现在孩子们没有完成作业的原因都是真实的。故选D。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为我们付不起账单，电力公司把我们的灯关掉了。A. broke down出故障；B. put out熄灭；C. cut off切断；D. shut out把……关在门外。根据“because we couldn’t pay the bill.”可知，因为付不起电费，所以电力公司切断电源，即关了灯。故选C。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，我发现并非所有的孩子都来自可以给与他们帮助的家庭。A. disciplined遵守纪律的；B. peaceful和平的；C. traditional传统的；D. supportive给与帮助的，支持的。根据下文“Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t even have home.”推知，并非所有的孩子都来自可以给他们的学习提供帮助的家庭。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我学会了“我会倾听”比“没有借口”更有效!A. works工作，起作用，凑效；B. feels感觉；C. understands理解；D. controls控制。根据上文讲述的故事可知，作者规定学生不能为没有完成作业找借口，后来通过倾听，孩子们告诉了作者真实的原因，而不再是乱编的谎话。由此可知，作者认为“我会倾听”比“没有接口”更有效。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On May 17, a young girl ____11____(take) a pack of snacks to a self-service counter at a new concept convenience store. The concept store is part of the “know your food” campaign of the UNICEF, ____12____ aims to empower people to make healthy and informed choices about their diet. After scanning her item, the girl realized she would have to climb 70 floors ____13____(burn) off the calories. Though unwillingly, she gave up the snacks.
【答案】11．took##was taking    12．which    13．to burn
【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了一个女孩联合国儿童基金会“了解你的食物”运动的一家商店购物的经历。
11．考查动词时态语态。句意：5月17日，一个小女孩拿着一包零食来到一家新概念便利店的自助服务台。分析句子可知，take是谓语动词，由时间状语On May 17可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，也可以表示过去正在进行的动作用过去进行时，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填took/was taking。
12．考查定语从句。句意：这家概念店是联合国儿童基金会“了解你的食物”运动的一部分，该运动旨在使人们能够对自己的饮食做出健康和知情的选择。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰campaign，从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which，故填which。
13．考查非谓语动词。句意：扫描完她的商品后，女孩意识到她必须爬70层楼才能燃烧掉卡路里。尽管不情愿，她还是放弃了零食。分析句子可知，此处为目的状语，用不定式形式，故填to burn。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After earning a master’s degree in 2016, Huang Wenxiu returned to Baise, her hometown, instead of seeking a career in Beijing. “I come from ____14____ remote mountainous village. Quite a number of folks ____15____ (struggle) with poverty there, so all I wish is to do my part to improve their lives,” she once said. Huang volunteered to join the grassroots poverty alleviation (扶贫) effort. She invited experts to tell the villagers ____16____ they could improve production. She persuaded the villagers to expand the planting area and encouraged e-commerce sales. 418 people from 88 households were lifted out of poverty thanks to her efforts.

【答案】14．a    15．are struggling##have been struggling    16．how
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了黄文绣（音译）回到自己的家乡百色，帮助家乡摆脱贫困的故事。
14．考查冠词。句意：我来自一个偏远的山村。village“村庄”为可数名词，此处使用了单数，空后形容词remote的首个音素为辅音，所以此处用不定冠词a，表示泛指。故填a。
15．考查时态。句意：在那里很多人与贫困作斗争，所以我希望的所有的就是尽自己的一份力量来改善他们的生活。空处在句中为谓语，本句话为直接引语，所以时态可以用现在进行时，也可以表示动作一直以来都在发生，且还将继续持续，所以用现在完成进行时。句子主语“a number of folks”为复数含义，所以助动词也用复数。故填are struggling/ have been struggling。
16．考查宾语从句。句意：她邀请专家告诉村民们如何提高产量。分析句子可知，空处及之后的内容为动词tell的宾语从句，空处作从句中的方式状语，所以用连接副词how，故填how。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Imagine you’re standing close ____17____ a river. The sun is shining and everything is very quiet. There is a boat ____18____ (wait) for you. You get in and it takes you down a river slowly and gently. And after some time you realize that you ____19____ (be) in the place before. You’re back at a time in your childhood, ____20____ you were very happy. You row to the bank of the river and get out. Walk around and you will meet all those people you spent that happy time with and you can do all those things again that you enjoyed.

【答案】17．to    18．waiting    19．have been    20．when
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者记叙了一次自我想象的经历，想象自己一个站在河边，登上了一艘船，回到了童年，又能重新进行选择。
17．考查介词。句意：想象你站在一条河边。close to接近于；在……的近旁。故填to。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：那儿有艘船在等你。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词。名词boat与wait之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填waiting。
19．考查时态。句意：过了一段时间你意识到你曾经来过这个地方。根据时间状语before可知，这里表示过去发生的事情对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时。故填have been。
20．考查定语从句。句意：你又回到了你的童年时代，那时你非常快乐。分析句子结构可知。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a time in your childhood，从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Welcome to Norway
DAY 1: Welcome to Bergen! Upon arrival meet your driver and travel to the city’s center where you can drop your luggage at the Grand Terminus Hotel and enjoy a walking tour of the city. Once back at the hotel you’ll have a talk from Rowan Hooper, who will explore why the Arctic is important to the well-being of the planet.
DAY 2: This morning you’ll go on a 3-hour round trip from Bergen to Mostraumen. When you return to Bergen you’ll have time for lunch before visiting the Vilvite Science Center. After dinner, you’ll have a second talk from Rowan on how we could grow the whale population to rebuild marine ecosystems.
DAY 3: Today, you will transfer to the airport for your flight to Tromso. Upon arrival, you’ll take a fast ferry (轮渡) to Senja Island, where the Aurora Borealis Observatory is your hone for the night. In the evening, astronomer Abigail Beall will hold a talk on the science behind the Northern Lights before you have the opportunity to search for the Northern Lights yourself.
DAY 4: Return by ferry to Tromso, where you’ll explore the Northern Norwegian Science Center. The center is a popular science experience center containing almost 100 interactive installations, divided into four themes on three floors.
DAY 5: Today you’ll start a full-day fjord trip by boat. As you pass through the frozen coastline, you’ll get an opportunity to look for sea eagles, seals and whales. Recently, hundreds of humpback and killer whales visit the northern fjords, and your boat’s expert crew will help you spot them.
DAY 6: This morning you’ll enjoy a guided tour of the dog yard where you can learn about the Alaskan husky dog, and dog sled racing. Afterward, you’ll be transferred to the airport in the afternoon for your flight home.
21．What is Rowan Hooper’s job?
A．An astronomer. B．A guide. C．An ecologist. D．A driver.
22．Where will you see the Northern Lights?
A．Bergen. B．Mostraumen. C．Tromso. D．Senja Island.
23．On which day will you probably see some whales?
A．Day 3. B．Day 4. C．Day 5. D．Day 6.

【答案】21．C    22．D    23．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了到挪威游览的行程安排。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Once back at the hotel you’ll have a talk from Rowan Hooper, who will explore why the Arctic is important to the well-being of the planet.(回到酒店后，您将与罗恩·胡珀交谈，他将探讨为什么北极对地球福祉是重要的)”可知，罗恩·胡珀探索北极对地球福祉的重要性，推测他是一位生态学家。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Upon arrival, you’ll take a fast ferry to Senja Island, where the Aurora Borealis Observatory is your hone for the night. In the evening, astronomer Abigail Beall will hold a talk on the science behind the Northern Lights before you have the opportunity to search for the Northern Lights yourself.(抵达后，您将乘坐快速渡轮前往塞纳岛，在那里，北极光天文台是您的夜间之选。晚上，天文学家阿比盖尔·比尔将在你有机会亲自寻找北极光之前，就北极光背后的科学进行一次演讲)”可知，你将在塞纳岛看到北极光。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据DAY 5中“As you pass through the frozen coastline, you’ll get an opportunity to look for sea eagles, seals and whales.(当你穿过冰冻的海岸线时，你将有机会寻找海雕、海豹和鲸鱼)”可知，在第五天，你可能会看到鲸鱼。故选C。
B
During 20 years of stacking (码放) shelves with goods at his family’s supermarket in Pollenca on the Spanish island of Mallorca, Jose Luis-Reig, known as Pep, never gave a thought to the academic world. It was only when visiting the classrooms and passages of mainland universities with his two teenage daughters that he suddenly felt himself at home among the books and atmosphere of learning.
After school Pep had intended to do a degree in biology at Barcelona University but had been called on to help run the family business instead.
But the question of “What’s my role in life?“ still kept coming back to him. It wasn’t until a year later that the answer suddenly struck him. When he was at school, other children would come to him with their problems. He developed a reputation and so was invited onto local radio, where the interviewer said, “You’re like a young psychologist.”
Pep was no stranger to change. The family business had originally been a sawmill (锯木厂), but when Pep, then 27, was asked if he wanted to take over, he decided to transform the mill into the town’s first supermarket.
One day in the shop, what the radio presenter said came back to him. After running the idea past his family, he applied to university in Palma to study psychology and, aged 46, was accepted.
“I had to get used to being much older than all the other students,” he says.“ In fact, I was older than my professor. But I believe disadvantages can always be advantages. And I ended up helping the others because I’d had more life experience that carries psychological impact, which could reflect classroom theory.
Pep came top of his year and impressed his tutors so much that he was offered a job researching and teaching, which he still does while studying for a master’s in neuropsychology. Now 52, and still in the job, he adds, “My only regret is not having done it earlier.
24．What can we know about Pep in the first paragraph?
A．He felt relaxed in the academic atmosphere.
B．He visited his daughters’ universities frequently.
C．He supported his daughters by arranging shelves.
D．He never quit the thought of going to mainland colleges.
25．What was Pep’s answer to the question of his role in life?
A．To win a reputation. B．To study psychology.
C．To take over his family business. D．To cure children of their problems.
26．What inspired Pep to apply to the university in Palma at 46?
A．His pursuit of a better career. B．The radio presenter’s comment.
C．His classmates’ encouragement. D．The proposal of the family members.
27．Which quality might have helped Pep a lot in the university?
A．Integrity. B．Self-discipline. C．Sensitivity. D．Optimism.

【答案】24．A    25．D    26．B    27．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了经营家庭超市20年的Pep在接受电台采访时的评论，决定申请去帕尔玛大学学习心理学，并在46岁被录取，实现了自己的梦想，并最终得到一份研究和教学的工作。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was only when visiting the classrooms and passages of mainland universities with his two teenage daughters that he suddenly felt himself at home among the books and atmosphere of learning.(只是在和两个十几岁的女儿一起参观内地大学的教室和通道时，他才突然觉得自己在书本和学习氛围中感到宾至如归)”可知，在与自己的女儿参观本地大学时，Pep会有一种宾至如归的感觉。由此可知，Pep在学术氛围中感到很轻松。故选A项。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It wasn’t until a year later that the answer suddenly struck him. When he was at school, other children would come to him with their problems. He developed a reputation and so was invited onto local radio, where the interviewer said, “You’re like a young psychologist.(直到一年后，答案才突然降临到他心头。当他在学校时，其他孩子会带着他们的问题来找他。他声名鹊起，因此被邀请到当地电台，采访者说：“你就像一个年轻的心理学家。”)”可知，Pep在学校的时候，他经常帮助学生解决问题，因此而声名鹊起。由此推知，Pep认为人生角色的答案是治愈孩子的问题。故选D项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He developed a reputation and so was invited onto local radio, where the interviewer said, “You’re like a young psychologist.(他声名鹊起，因此被邀请到当地电台，采访者说：“你就像一个年轻的心理学家。”)”以及倒数第三段中的“One day in the shop, what the radio presenter said came back to him.(有一天在商店里，电台主持人说的话又回到了他脑海中)”可知，在接受电台采访时，记者说Pep很像一位年轻的心理学家，Pep想到这句评论后申请读大学。故选B项。
27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But I believe disadvantages can always be advantages. And I ended up helping the others because I’d had more life experience that carries psychological impact, which could reflect classroom theory.(但我相信缺点可以是优势。我最终帮助了其他人，因为我有更多的生活经验，这些经验会带来心理影响，这可以反映课堂理论)”可知，Pep进入大学学习时，年龄很大，但是Pep却把这种劣势当成优势，可以用自己的生活经验帮助其他人，这些生活经验的作用在课堂理论上得以反映。由此推知，Pep在上学期间的乐观态度帮助他很多。故选D项。
C
Oxford ELAT(English Literature Admissions Test)
If you are applying for one of the following courses you will be required to take the Oxford ELAT: English Language and Literature, Classics and English, English and Modern Languages, History and English.
The Oxford ELAT is a paper-based test, lasting 90 minutes and taken under timed exam conditions. The Oxford ELAT is designed to test a candidate’s close reading skills, and their ability to write about unfamiliar literary material. You will be asked to write one essay comparing two passages, focusing on elements such as language, form and structure.
You will be given six passages on the same theme, the names of the authors and the dates of publication, as well as the forms (novel, essay, poetry,  etc.). You are not expected to introduce any references to other texts or authors you have studied and marks are not awarded for evidence of wider reading or previous knowledge of the texts or their contexts (语境). Instead, the examiners will reward your ability to do the following: respond perceptively (有洞察力地) to unfamiliar materials demonstrate skills of close reading construct a well-structured essay write fluently and accurately.
Please note that the Oxford ELAT is a closed-book test and you will not be able to take dictionaries or notes into the test.
28．What does the Oxford ELAT aim to test?
A．Listening ability.
B．Communicative skills.
C．Reading and writing ability.
D．Speaking and translating ability.
29．What will be given about the six passages?
A．Types.
B．References.
C．Summaries.
D．Structures.
30．How can examinees be awarded marks?
A．By offering the authors’ background.
B．By constructing a well-organized essay.
C．By showing evidence of wider reading.
D．By presenting previous knowledge of the texts.

【答案】28．C    29．A    30．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了牛津大学英语文学入学考试的相关要求。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Oxford ELAT is designed to test a candidate’s close reading skills，and their ability to write about unfamiliar literary material.(牛津大学ELAT考试旨在测试考生的细读能力，以及他们对不熟悉的文学材料的写作能力)”可知，牛津大学ELAT考试的目的是测试读写能力。故答案为C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第三段“You will be given six passages on the same theme，the names of the authors and the dates of publication，as well as the forms (novel，essay，poetry，etc. ).(同一主题的六篇文章，作者姓名，出版日期，以及形式（小说，散文，诗歌等）)”可知，关于这六篇文章会给出类型。故答案为A项。
30．细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, the examiners will reward your ability to do the following: respond perceptively (有洞察力地) to unfamiliar materials demonstrate skills of close reading construct a well-structured essay write fluently and accurately.(相反，考官会奖励你在以下方面的能力：对不熟悉的材料做出敏锐的反应，展示精读的技巧，构造结构合理的文章，流畅准确地写作)”并结合选项可知，写一篇结构合理的文章可以获得分数。故答案为B项。
D
Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well. One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours a year in the U.S. alone.
Many meetings occur without a specific reason. Another motive for meetings is what some scholars call the Mere Urgency effect,in which we engage in tasks — such as a meeting where each person recites what they’re working on,whether others need that information or not — to help us feel like we are accomplishing something actual.
But the real problem with meetings is not lack of productivity — it’s unhappiness.When meetings are a waste of time, job satisfaction declines. And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls. Thus, for a large population, eliminating meetings — or at least minimizing them — is one of the most straightforward ways to increase well-being.
Nobody likes excessive and unproductive meetings. First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of meetings, after which you are exhausted and haven’t accomplished much. Second, people tend to engage in “surface acting”(faking emotions that are deemed appropriate) during work meetings. Finally, researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the participants. If you are asking yourself, “Why am I here?” you are not likely to think that the meeting is a good use of your time — which is obviously bad for your work satisfaction.
Taken together, the research on meetings shows that if you want to be happier at work (or want your employees to be happier), you should fight against the time-consuming, unproductive meetings at every opportunity. If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a necessary evil.They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable,and should thus be used as little as possible for the sake of productivity and happiness.
31．Why does the author mention the survey in Para 1?
A．To explain the survey. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To stress the importance of meeting. D．To state the disadvantage of meeting.
32．Which of the following best explains “eliminating” underlined in Para 3?
A．Reducing. B．Hosting. C．Increasing. D．Avoiding.
33．What is mainly talked about in Para 4?
A．How to increase people’s job satisfaction.
B．The importance and necessity of minimizing meetings.
C．Why excessive and unproductive meetings lower job satisfaction.
D．Active involvement by the participants indicates meeting effectiveness.
34．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Work meetings — A necessary evil.
B．Work meetings — The less, the better.
C．Work meetings — The more, the better.
D．Work meetings — Excessive and unproductive.

【答案】31．B    32．D    33．C    34．B
【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者认为很多工作会议是在浪费时间，影响工作效率。关于会议的研究表明，如果你想在工作中更快乐或想让你的员工更快乐，你应该利用一切机会反对耗时、低效的会议。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well. One survey of 76 companies found that productivity was 71 percent higher when meetings were reduced by 40 percent. Unnecessary meetings waste $37 billion in salary hours a year in the U.S.alone.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作。一项对76家公司的调查发现，当会议减少40%时，工作效率会提高71%。仅在美国，不必要的会议每年就浪费370亿美元的付薪时间)”可推断，作者是用这个调查数据去引出并支持文章的主题句：Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well。故选B项。
32．词义猜测题。根据划线词上一句“When meetings are a waste of time, job satisfaction declines. And when job satisfaction declines, happiness in general falls.(当会议被视为浪费时间时，工作满意度就会下降。当工作满意度下降时，幸福感也普遍下降)”可知，浪费时间的工作会议会降低员工的工作满足感，从而又降低了幸福感，工作时心情不好，工作效率也会降低。结合下一句“...or at least minimizing them—is one of the most straightforward ways to increase well-being.(或者至少把会议减到最少——是提高幸福感最直接的方法之一)”。由此推断，“eliminating”应该是“取消，避免”，浪费时间没什么意义的工作会议就别开了。与“avoiding”意思相近。故选D项。
33．主旨大意题。根据第四段首句“Nobody likes excessive and unproductive meetings.(没有人喜欢过多和没有成效的会议)”可知人们不喜欢过多的低效的会议，下文“First, they generally increase fatigue. You have probably experienced a day of meetings, after which you are exhausted and haven’t accomplished much. Second, people tend to engage in “surface acting”(faking emotions that are deemed appropriate) during work meetings. Finally, researchers have found that the strongest predictor of meeting effectiveness is active involvement by the participants.(首先，它们通常会增加疲劳。你可能经历过一天的会议，会议结束后你筋疲力尽，没有完成多少。其次，人们在工作会议上倾向于“表面表现”(假装被认为合适的情绪)。最后，研究人员发现，会议有效性的最强预测因素是参与者的积极参与)”介绍了三个原因解释这样的会议会降低工作满足感，所以本段主要讲的是为什么过多和低效的会议会降低工作满意度。故选C项。
34．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Many people think work meetings are a waste of time, and that might be because most meetings keep employees from working well.(许多人认为工作会议是浪费时间，这可能是因为大多数会议会影响员工的工作)”及最后一段“If there is one rule to remember about work meetings, it might be that they are a necessary evil.They are necessary as organizations need them for proper communication, but they are evil in that they are not irreplaceable,and should thus be used as little as possible for the sake of productivity and happiness.(如果有一条关于工作会议的规则需要记住，那就是会议是必要之恶。它们是必要的，因为组织需要它们进行适当的沟通，但它们是邪恶的，因为它们不是不可替代的，因此为了生产力和幸福，应该尽可能少使用)”可知，作者认为很多工作会议是浪费时间，会降低工作效率，并建议越少越好。所以“Work meetings — The less, the better.(工作会议——越少越好)”是文章最佳标题。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every New Year, thousands decide they’re going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous. ____35____.
Not aiming high enough. While it’s easy to think setting easy goals will keep you motivated, it may harm your long-term motivation. If you make goals that are too achievable, you’ll get bored and lose interest. ____36____. If you’re used to staying within your comfort zone, you'll be missing out on the satisfaction of achieving a life-changing goal. When you push yourself, you'll be able to build unshakable confidence as you achieve goal after goal.
____37____. This is a fear many of us deal with. Instead of taking action, we start worrying about “ What if?”  “What if it doesn’t work out? What if my dream isn’t truly my dream? What if I don’t succeed?” If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life. ____38____. You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, “ What would my ideal life look like?”
Letting fear control your mind and actions. Fear can prevent you from achieving your dreams. You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don’t learn how to manage your fears. ____39____ . One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear. With deep introspection (反省), you can uncover the exact moment when those fears are holding you back from growing. This will give you a window of opportunity to communicate with your inner being and find release.
A．Lacking self-confidence
B．Being uncertain about the future
C．Fortunately, fear can be overcome
D．Below you’ll find some common reasons why you’re losing motivation
E．Many of us are motivated not by a desire to achieve, but by fear of failure
F．Ideally, you want to strike a balance between pushing yourself and creating realistic goals
G．However, when you find your purpose and passion, you’ll be driven to struggle for excellence

【答案】35．D    36．F    37．B    38．G    39．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了导致我们失去动力的常见原因以及如何去分别克服它们。
35．根据第一段的前两句“Every New Year, thousands decide they're going to change their lives. Fewer than 10 percent actually stick with their plans, and that figure is being generous.（每年的新年，成千上万的人决定要改变他们的生活，但实际上只有不到10%的人坚持自己的计划。）”可知，本段在说明多数人难以坚持自己的计划。根据设空处的下一段的第一句“Not aiming high enough.（目标不够高）”可知，文章接下来是说明原因。故D项“下面你会发现一些导致你失去动力的常见原因”符合题意。故选D项。
36．根据设空的前一句“If you make goals that are too achievable, you'll get bored and lose interest.（如果你制定的目标太过容易实现，你会感到无聊，失去兴趣。）”可知，本段在讲述目标过低的情况。F项“理想情况下，你需要在督促自己和设定现实目标之间取得平衡”与空前一句联系紧密，并与下文中的 “push yourself（推动自己）”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
37．根据文章的结构可知，此空位于段首，应是主题句。根据下文中的“worrying about（担忧）”和段中多次提到的“What if（假若……怎么办）”可知，本段介绍的是不确定的情况，故B项“对未来不确定”符合语境。故选B项。
38．根据设空前一句“If you have trouble creating a vision , then you’re at the risk of being aimless through life.（如果你在设立愿景方面有困难，那么你就有可能在生活中漫无目的。）”和设空后一句“You can start the process of discovering your life purpose by asking yourself, " What would my ideal life look like?"（你可以通过问自己“我的理想生活是什么样子的？”来开始探索你的人生目标）”可推断，空处是过渡句，承上启下。G项“然而，当你找到自己的目标和激情时，你就会被驱使着去追求卓越” 中的“purpose（目标）”与设空后的“life purpose（人生目标）”相呼应，符合语境。故选G项。
39．根据设空前一句“You’ll miss out on opportunities in life if you don't learn how to manage your fears.（如果你不学会控制自己的恐惧，你将会错过生活中的机会。）”和设空后一句“One way to manage fear is to look for the root cause of your fear.（管理恐惧的一种方法是寻找恐惧的根源。）”可推知，设空处应是关于管理或克服恐惧的内容，故选C项“幸运的是，恐惧是可以克服的”符合上下文语境。故选C项。
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I was eight or nine years old, I wrote my first poem. My mother read the little poem and began to cry. “Buddy, you didn’t really write this beautiful, beautiful poem!”
Shyly, proud-bursting, I stammered that I had. She poured out her praise. Why, this poem was nothing short of genius! I glowed.
I spent the best part of that afternoon preparing for the arrival of my father. But he did not return until an hour late for dinner. “Ben, a beautiful thing has happened,” my mother began. “Buddy has written his first poem! And it’s beautiful, absolutely amazing.”
“If you don’t mind, I’d like to decide that for myself,” Father said.
That poem was only ten lines. But it seemed to take hours. I could hear my father breathing. “I think it’s lousy,” my father said.
“Ben, these are the first lines of poetry he’s ever written,” my mother was saying. “He needs encouragement.”
They quarreled over it. I couldn’t stand it another second. I ran from the dinning room bawling.
Up in my room I threw myself on the bed and sobbed.
A few years later I took a second look at that first poem; it was a pretty lousy poem. But it wasn’t until years later that the true meaning of that painful “first poem” experience dawned on me. As I became a professional writer, it became clearer and clearer to me how fortunate I had been. I had a mother who said, “Buddy, did you really write this? I think it’s wonderful!” and a father who shook his head no and drove me to tears with “I think it’s lousy.” A writer — in fact every one of us in life — needs that loving-mother force from which all creation flows; and yet alone it is incomplete, even misleading, finally destructive, without the father force to caution, “Watch. Listen. Review. Improve.”
40．How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 2?(no more than 8 words )
_________________________________________________________________
41．Why did the writer’s parents quarrel at dinner?(no more than 10 words )
_________________________________________________________________
42．What did the writer think of his first poem when he grew older?(no more than 8 words )
_________________________________________________________________
43．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?(no more than 15 words )
_________________________________________________________________
【答案】40．This poem was well-done./This poem was the same work of genius./This poem was almost wonderful/excellent.    41．Because they had different attitude towards the poem./Because they had different opinions about the poem.    42．It was lousy./It was very bad./It was a pretty lousy poem.    43．Everyone needs a loving mother and a strict father.    
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍的是作者父母对作者在七八岁时写的第一首诗歌的不同评价让作者认识到一个作家的成长既需要母亲的鼓励，也需要父亲的鞭策。
40．考查词句猜测。根据第一段中的“My mother read the little poem and began to cry. ‘Buddy, you didn’t really write this beautiful, beautiful poem!’(母亲读了这首小诗，哭了起来。“伙计，你不会真的写了这首非常非常漂亮的诗吧!”)”可知，母亲表扬作者的诗歌写的很好，第二段中的“Shyly, proud-bursting, I stammered that I had. She poured out her praise.( 我羞涩地，骄傲地，结结巴巴地说是我。她倾吐她的赞美之词。)”可知，作者听到母亲对诗歌的赞美之词感到非常的高兴，由此可推断，划线句子的意思是对作者诗歌的赞美。故答案为This poem was well-done./This poem was the same work of genius./This poem was almost wonderful/excellent.。
41．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“That poem was only ten lines. But it seemed to take hours. I could hear my father breathing. ‘I think it’s lousy,’ my father said.( 那首诗只有十行。但这似乎要花好几个小时。我能听到父亲的呼吸声。“我觉得很糟糕，”父亲说。)”可知，父亲对作者写的诗歌并不满意，结合第三段中的“‘Ben, a beautiful thing has happened,’ my mother began. ‘Buddy has written his first poem! And it’s beautiful, absolutely amazing.’(“本，一件美好的事情发生了，”我妈妈开始说。“巴迪写了他的第一首诗!它很美，绝对令人惊叹。”)”可知，母亲认为作者写的是个很精彩，由此可以推断，父母两人吵架是因为他们的观点不一致。故答案是Because they had different attitude towards the poem./Because they had different opinions about the poem.。
42．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“A few years later I took a second look at that first poem; it was a pretty lousy poem.(几年后，我重新审视了那首诗；这是一首非常糟糕的诗。)”可知，几年后，作者在看到自己写的第一首诗歌后，感觉这首诗歌真的很糟糕。故答案是It was lousy./ It was very bad. /It was a pretty lousy poem.。
43．考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“A writer — in fact every one of us in life — needs that loving-mother force from which all creation flows; and yet alone it is incomplete, even misleading, finally destructive, without the father force to caution, “Watch. Listen. Review. Improve.”(一个作家——实际上是生活中的每一个人——都需要那种慈母般的力量，所有的创作都源自这种力量；然而，如果没有父亲的告诫，它是不完整的，甚至是误导的，最终是毁灭性的，“观察、倾听、审查、改善。”)”可知，作者认为生活中的每一个人只有一个爱自己的母亲是不完美的，还需要一个严厉的父亲才能让自己不断的进步，所以最后一段主要阐述的是人人都需要一位慈母和一位严父。故答案是Everyone needs a loving mother and a strict father.。
第二节（20分）
44．假设你是李华，是一名国际学校的高中生，在你校举行的成人礼上你作为学生代表发言。请你用英语写一份发言稿，内容包括：
1.表达感恩；
2.担起责任；
3.畅想未来。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；
3.参考词汇：成人礼—the Coming-Of-Age Rite。
Dear teachers, parents and fellow guys,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teachers, parents and fellow guys,
It is a great honor for me to deliver a speech at the Coming-Of-Age Rite.
On behalf of my fellow guys, I’d like to express gratitude to our parents, who go through hardships in bringing us up, and to our teachers who equip us with knowledge. We will take on the responsibilities as a student, working hard to enter our dream universities.
In the future, we hope to be the backbone of our country and make China more powerful.
That’s all for my speech. Thank you for your kind attention!
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一份发言稿，在你校举行的成人礼上你作为学生代表发言。
【详解】1.词汇积累
发表演讲：deliver a speech →give a speech
表达：express→ convey
感激：gratitude → appreciation
责任：responsibility →duty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In the future, we hope to be the backbone of our country and make China more powerful.
拓展句：In the future, we hope that we will be the backbone of our country and make China more powerful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On behalf of my fellow guys, I’d like to express gratitude to our parents, who go through hardships in bringing us up, and to our teachers who equip us with knowledge.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】We will take on the responsibilities as a student, working hard to enter our dream universities.（运用了现在分词作状语）