【期末备考】2023年上海市高一下期末复习英语试卷-A卷（解析版）

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【期末备考】2023年上海市高一下期末复习英语试卷 -A卷（解析版）

I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the （2022秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第二附属中学校考期末）
How to learn a new language
It can be really hard to learn a new language. I had always enjoyed learning languages in school, but only recently did I start learning German. I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really ____1____ (struggle). That was when my tutor at university suggested ____2____ (read) some children’s books printed in the target language.
At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book ____3____ (design) for someone half my age, but then I realized that everyone has to start somewhere. As children, we ____4____ (give) these basic texts to familiarize our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures, and from there, we can learn and develop. I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK. I managed ____5____ (find) Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.
The beauty of reading books ____6____ were introduced to you as a child is that you are already familiar with the plot. Therefore you ____7____ work out some words with your knowledge of the story. At first, I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in the other, but this did not work well, and I often felt puzzled about ____8____ I had read. The method I would recommend is to read a chapter first and at the end of that chapter, highlight the new words and then look up the definitions. If you can wait a bit ____9____ using a dictionary, you may be surprised what you can understand merely from the context. Additionally, a lot of children’s books have pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to whom the passage is referring.

【答案】1．struggled 2．reading 3．designed 4．are given 5．to find 6．that/which 7．can 8．what 9．before/without

【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在文章中讲述了自己学习德语的经历，并结合自己经历阐述如何学习一门新的语言。
1．考查时态。句意：我发现我可以很容易地理解和学习单个单词，但说到文学，我真的很吃力。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由前文“but when it came to literature”可知此句为一般过去时。故填struggled。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时我大学的导师建议我读一些用目标语言印刷的儿童读物。suggest doing sth表示“建议做某事”符合句意，设空处填read的动名词形式作suggest的宾语。故填reading。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：起初，我觉得去寻找一本为年龄只有我一半的人设计的书有点愚蠢，但后来我意识到每个人都必须从某个地方开始。设空处在句中作后置定语修饰名词“a book”，动词design与名词“a book”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，设空处应填design的过去分词表被动。故填designed。
4．考查时态和语态。句意：作为孩子，我们被赋予了这些基本的文本，以使我们的大脑熟悉某些词汇和写作结构，从那里，我们可以学习和发展。设空处在句中作谓语动词，主语“we”与动词give是被动关系，应该用被动语态，由句中“we can learn and develop”以及句意可知此句为一般现在时，描述的是客观事实，所以设空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是we，故填are given。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：我找到了查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》和罗尔德·达尔的《詹姆斯与大仙桃》。manage to do sth表示“设法做成某事”符合句意，设空处填find的不定式。故填to find。
6．考查定语从句。句意：阅读小时候介绍给你的书的美妙之处在于你已经熟悉了故事情节。分析句子结构以及句意可知，“________were introduced to you as a child”是限定性定语从句，修饰名词“books”，设空处在从句中作主语，指代先行词“books”，表示物，应该用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
7．考查情态动词。句意：因此，你可以根据你对这个故事的了解理解一些单词。空后为动词原形，分析句意可知，情态动词can“可以，能够”，符合句意，因此，设空处应该填情态动词can。故填can。
8．考查宾语从句。句意：起初，我常常一手拿着书，一手拿字典看书，但这并不奏效，我经常对自己读过的内容感到困惑。分析句子结构及句意可知，“_____I had read”是宾语从句，设空处在从句中作read宾语，表示“读过的内容”，应用连接代词what。故填what。
9．考查介词。句意：如果你能等一会儿再用字典，你就会对自己仅凭上下文所能理解的内容感到惊讶。结合句意分析，这里要表达“在使用字典之前”，介词before“在……之前”符合句意；此外，此句句意也可表达为：如果你能稍等片刻而不查字典，你就会对自己仅凭上下文所能理解的内容感到惊讶。without doing sth意为“不（做某事），没有……”符合句意，因此，设空处也可填介词without。故填before/without。

Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
（2022秋·上海·高一校考期末）
A． dislike     B．satisfy     C． place    D．familiar    E. understanding    F. role
G. honouring    H. average    I. improved    J. strict     K. collection
Art museums are places where people can learn about various cultures. The increasingly popular “design museums” that are opening today, however, perform quite a different____10____.Unlike most art museums, the design museum shows objects that are easily found by the general public. These museums sometimes even____11____ things like refrigerators and washing machines in the centre of the hall.
People have argued that design museums are often made use of as advertisements for new industrial technology. But their role is not simply a matter of sales – it is the____12____ of excellently invented products. The difference between the window of a department store and the showcase on a design museum is that the first tries to sell you something, while the second tells you the success of a sale.
One advantage of design museums is that they are places where people feel ____13____ with the exhibits. Unlike the ____14____ art museum visitors, design museum visitors seldom feel frightened or puzzled. This is partly because design museums clearly show how and why mass-produced products work, and how design has ____15____ the quality of our lives. Art museum exhibits, on the other hand, would most probably fill visitors with a feeling that there is something beyond their ____16____.
In recent years, several new design museums have opened their doors. Each of these museums has tried to____17____ the public’s growing interest in the field with new ideas. London’s Design Museum,  for  example,  shows  a ____18____ of  mass-produced  objects  from  Zippo  lighters  to electric typewriters to a group of Italian fish-tins. The choices open to design museums seem far less _____19_____ than those to art museums.

【答案】
10．F 11．C 12．G 13．D 14．H 15．I 16．E 17．B 18．K 19．J

【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲的是设计博物馆的本质和特色，以及它们和普通的艺术博物馆的区别。
10．考查名词。句意：然而，今天开放的越来越受欢迎的“设计博物馆”却扮演着完全不同的角色。分析句子可知，空格处为名词作宾语，此处表示“扮演不同的角色”，应用名词role“角色”，符合句意。故选F。
11．考查动词。句意：这些博物馆有时甚至把冰箱和洗衣机之类的东西陈列在大厅的中央。分析句子可知，空格处为简单句的谓语动词，句子描述一般性事实，为一般现在时，主语These museums为复数形式，动词原形place“陈列；放置”，符合句意。故选C项。
12．考查名词。句意：但它们的角色不仅仅是销售，而是对优秀发明产品的致敬。根据前面冠词the可知，空格处应填名词，honouring“致敬；敬意”为名词，the honouring of sth意为“对……的致敬”，符合句意。故选G项。
13．考查形容词。句意：设计博物馆的一个优点是，在那里人们会对展品感到熟悉。根据空格前的感官动词feel可知，空格处应填形容词，作表语，familiar “熟悉的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。
14．考查形容词。句意：与一般艺术博物馆的参观者不同，设计博物馆的参观者很少感到害怕或困惑。根据后文“art museum visitors”可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，average “普通的；一般的”为形容词，符合句意。故选H项。
15．考查动词。句意：这在一定程度上是因为设计博物馆清楚地展示了大规模生产的产品如何以及为什么会这样工作和外观，以及设计是如何提高我们的生活质量的。根据空格前的助动词has可知，空格处为宾语从句中的谓语动词，应使用动词的过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时，improved“改善；提高”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。
16．考查名词。句意：艺术博物馆的展品很可能会让参观者感受到他们无法理解的东西。根据前面形容词性物主代词their可知，空格处应填名词，understanding“理解”为名词，beyond one’s understanding意为“超出某人的理解范围”，符合句意。故选E项。
17．考查动词。句意：这些博物馆都试图用新理念来满足公众对这一领域日益增长的兴趣。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语动词has tried的宾语，try to do sth意为“努力做某事”， satisfy“满足”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。
18．考查名词。句意：例如，伦敦设计博物馆展示了一系列大规模生产的物品，从Zippo打火机到电动打字机，再到一组意大利鱼罐头。根据前面冠词a可知，空格处应填名词，collection“空间”为可数名词，a collection of意为“一批；一些”，常修饰比较珍贵的文物，符合句意。故选K项。
19．考查形容词。句意：设计博物馆的选择似乎远没有艺术博物馆那么严格。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，可填形容词，strict“严格的”为形容词，符合句意。故选J项。

II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（2022秋·上海控江中学·高一校考期末）
High school biology teacher Kelly Chavis knew smartphones were a problem in her class. For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every Snapchat, Instagram, text, call or other notifications that appeared on their phones.  Chavis  told  students  not  to ____20____ these notifications.
Teachers around the country have done similar experiments, usually ____21____ dozens of markings on the whiteboard. Chavis, who teaches honours-level classes, was ____22____ by the results of her experiment.
Chavis is among a growing number of teachers, parents and health experts who believe that smartphones are now partly to blame for increasing the levels of student ____23____. The use of electronic devices is so ____24____ that the National Education Association newsletter said it was a “mental health tsunami (海啸)”.
Tests, after-school activities and problems at home can increase ____25____ for students. But research now ____26____ that smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising levels of uneasiness.
Last year, an editorial in the journal Paediatrics proposed that doctors ask young patients about their social media use as part of routine exams. Three researchers wrote that too much social media use might ____27____ the development of mental health disturbance in at-risk teenagers, such as feelings of ____28____, depression and anxiety.
Researchers are still not sure whether phones cause student depression or depression causes phone use. _____29_____ 70 percent of teens see anxiety and depression as major problems among their peers, according to a Pew Research report. Nearly 60 percent of parents said they were _____30_____ about the influence of social media on their children’s physical and mental health.
Schools are starting to take steps to deal with the problem. Many public schools pay outside companies to watch students’ social media activity for signs of _____31_____. Others invite in yoga teachers and comfort dogs to help _____32_____ students. Some schools have organized unplugged events — days in which people do not use their electronic devices. Less than 20 percent of students and school employees took part, _____33_____ the control that technology has over their daily lives.
Some parents are not letting their children get smartphones until they grow up. Deirdre Birmingham of New Jersey _____34_____ a campaign called “Wait Until Eighteenth” because she didn’t think her video game-loving 10-year-old son was ready for a smartphone. The campaign involves groups of parents who have children in the same class. These parents agree not to let their children get phones until they are teenagers.
20．A．switch on B．respond to C．open up D．call at
21．A．interpreting B．comparing C．recording D．teaching
22．A．moved B．shocked C．delighted D．saddened
23．A．approval B．enrolment C．commitment D．anxiety
24．A．convenient B．unique C．attractive D．widespread
25．A．disorder B．stress C．confusion D．pain
26．A．suggests B．analyses C．recommends D．expresses
27．A．result from B．contribute to C．cut down D．push for
28．A．pride B．isolation C．guilt D．love
29．A．Yet B．Even C．Otherwise D．Thus
30．A．excited B．doubtful C．concerned D．warned
31．A．distress B．participation C．dropout D．crime
32．A．handle B．encourage C．calm D．inspire
33．A．restoring B．worsening C．causing D．showing
34．A．joined in B．stepped up C．went against D．appealed to

【答案】
20．B 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．C 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项调查研究，研究表明社交媒体、电子设备对学生的心理健康的不良影响，引起家长的担忧。
20．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Chavis告诉学生不要回复这些通知。A. switch on打开；B. respond to回应；C. open up拆开，开通；D. call at到……进行短暂访问。根据前文“For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every Snapchat, Instagram, text, call or other notifications that appeared on their phones.”及后文“similar experiments”可知，老师是在做实验，统计数目，不让学生回复这些通知。故选B项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国各地的教师都做过类似的实验，通常会在白板上记录几十个标记。A. interpreting诠释；B. comparing比较；C. recording记录；D. teaching教学。根据前文“For one class period, students used a whiteboard to count every Snapchat, Instagram, text, call or other notifications that appeared on their phones.”可知，实验结果是在白板上记录了许多标记。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：教授荣誉等级课程的Chavis对她的实验结果感到震惊。A. moved使感动；B. shocked使震惊；C. delighted使高兴；D. saddened使悲伤。根据语境和前文“usually 　　2　　 dozens of markings on the whiteboard”可知，老师对实验结果感到震惊。故选B项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chavis是越来越多的教师、家长和健康专家中的一员，他们认为智能手机现在是增加学生焦虑程度的部分原因。A. approval批准；B. enrolment注册；C. commitment承诺；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下一段中“smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising levels of uneasiness”可知，智能手机增加学生的焦虑程度。故选D项。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电子设备的使用如此广泛，以至于美国国家教育协会通讯称这是一场“心理健康海啸”。A. convenient方便的；B. unique独特的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. widespread广泛的。根据后文“it was a ‘mental health tsunami (海啸)’”及第五段中“too much social media use”可知，电子设备被广泛使用。故选D项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考试、课后活动和家庭问题会增加学生的压力。A. disorder紊乱；B. stress压力，紧张；C. confusion混淆；D. pain痛苦。根据后文“the rising levels of uneasiness”可知，此处指学生的“压力”。故选B项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在的研究表明，智能手机和社交媒体是不安情绪上升的一些主要原因。A. suggests建议，表明，暗示；B. analyses分析；C. recommends推荐；D. expresses表达。根据后文“smartphones and social media are some of the main reasons for the rising levels of uneasiness”可知，这是研究所表明的结果。故选A项。
27．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：三名研究人员写道，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致严重影响青少年的心理健康障碍，如孤立感、抑郁和焦虑。A. result from起因于；B. contribute to贡献于，促成，是……的部分原因；C. cut down削减；D. push for推动。根据前文“too much social media use”和后文“the development of mental health disturbance in at-risk teenagers”可知，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致青少年的心理健康障碍。故选B项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：三名研究人员写道，过多的社交媒体使用可能会导致严重影响青少年的心理健康障碍，如孤立感、抑郁和焦虑。A. pride骄傲；B. isolation孤独；C. guilt内疚；D. love爱。根据前文“mental health disturbance”及后文“depression and anxiety”可知，孤独感属于心理健康障碍。故选B项。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，根据Pew研究中心的一份报告，70%的青少年认为焦虑和抑郁是同龄人的主要问题。A. Yet然而；B. Even甚至；C. Otherwise否则；D. Thus因此，从而。后文“70 percent of teens see anxiety and depression as major problems among their peers”和前文“Researchers are still not sure whether phones cause student depression or depression causes phone use.”之间存在转折关系。故选A项。
30．考查形容词（过去分词）词义辨析。句意：近60%的家长表示，他们担心社交媒体对孩子身心健康的影响。A. excited激动的；B. doubtful可疑的；C. concerned担心的，关注的；D. warned被警告的。根据语境和后文“the influence of social media on their children’s physical and mental health”可知，对孩子身心健康的影响引起家长的担心。故选C项。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多公立学校付钱给外部公司，让他们观察学生的社交媒体活动，寻找焦虑的迹象。A. distress忧虑，悲伤；B. participation参与；C. dropout退出；D. crime罪行。根据前文“　　10　　 70 percent of teens see anxiety and depression as major problems among their peers”可知，他们在调查焦虑（忧虑）的迹象。故选A项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他人则邀请瑜伽老师和安抚犬来帮助学生平静下来。A. handle处理；B. encourage鼓励；C. calm使镇静；D. inspire激励。根据前文“invite in yoga teachers and comfort dogs”可知，他们邀请瑜伽老师和安抚犬来帮助学生平静下来。故选C项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到20%的学生和学校员工参加了此次活动，显示出科技对他们日常生活的控制。A. restoring恢复；B. worsening恶化；C. causing引起；D. showing显示，表明。根据前文“unplugged events”和后文“the control that technology has over their daily lives”可知，实验结果显示出科技对日常生活的控制。故选D项。
34．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：新泽西州的Deirdre Birmingham参加了一项名为“等到十八岁”的活动，因为她认为自己热爱电子游戏的10岁儿子还没有准备好智能手机。A. joined in参加；B. stepped up增强，提高；C. went against反对，违背；D. appealed to吸引，呼吁。根据后文“a campaign called ‘Wait Until Eighteenth’”可知，此处指参加了一项活动。故选A项。

Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
（2022·上海·高一上海中学校考期末）
Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? That’s just one of the questions The New Yorker’s writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her engaging autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn’t even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal to a deeper look at various theories of language acquisition and linguistics.
The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language.” But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier’s work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.”
Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N. C．, and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue.
Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gave up on the natural acquisition of language and finally enrolls in a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says.
Yet French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I’ve worked for every bit of French I’ve banked.”
Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French: “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.”
35．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2?
A．Graceful. B．Dependent. C．Talkative. D．Energetic.
36．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”?
A．Because other languages are prohibited in America.
B．Because only English-speaking people can immigrate into America.
C．Because immigrants’ native languages contradict English in America.
D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants’ native languages gradually.
37．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?
A．Collins’ English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning.
B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words.
C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese is easier to learn than French for English speakers.
D．It’s terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use.
38．The example of Jhumpa Lahiri in the passage is given to show that ________.
A．Collins aims at using French for her daily life.
B．Collins wants to apply French to serve her writing.
C．it’s inappropriate for Jhumpa Lahiri to write in another language.
D．foreign language always makes learners feel complicated about life.

【答案】35．C 36．D 37．B 38．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Lauren Collins的自传When in French的相关内容。
35．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The normally(通常)”及下文“found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless.” (发现自己不知所措——“几乎说不出话来”)”可推知，此处与以往的自己形成强烈的反差。由此可知，划线词voluble与“speechless”意思相反，意为“健谈的”，与talkative意义相近。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America’s miserable record when it comes to foreign languages: “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations,” Collins writes.(她的疏离感引发了对美国在外语方面的悲惨记录的审视：“语言学家称美国为‘语言的墓地’，因为它具有吸收数百万移民并使他们的母语在几代人中消亡的独特能力，”柯林斯写道)”可知，语言学家称美国为“语言的坟墓”是因为美国文化逐渐吞噬了移民的母语。故选D。
37．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it’s difficult, French can be tried,” she says. (当她在语法和词汇上苦苦挣扎时，柯林斯聪明地注意到vert(绿色)、verre(玻璃)、ver(蠕虫)、vers(朝向)和vair(松鼠)组成了一个由五个词构成的同形异义词。“虽然很难，但法语是可以尝试的，”她说)”以及第五段“Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance, but I’ve worked for every bit of French I’ve banked.”(Collins的英语词汇量非常丰富，包括glossolalia(无意义的话)和shibboleth(流行语或口语)，她发现有很多很棒的法语单词值得喜爱。她写道：“英语是一笔信托基金，是一笔不劳而获的遗产，但我积攒的每一点法语都是通过努力获得的。”)”可推知，Collins找到了一些掌握法语单词的有效方法，并且逐渐取得了进步。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins’ goals for learning French were more modest: “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her in-laws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” (与Jhumpa Lahiri不同，Jhumpa Lahiri非常迷恋意大利语，还用意大利语写了《换句话说》，Collins学习法语的目标要小得多：“我想说法语，听起来像北卡罗来纳州的人。”她还希望能够与烟囱清洁工和屠夫打交道，与她的姻亲交流，并“用Olivier的语言接触他”)”可推知，文中Jhumpa Lahiri的例子是为了说明Collins学习法语是为了在日常生活中使用。故选A。

(B)
（2022秋·高一上海市杨浦高级中学校考期末）
Rocket to Space By Diego Ramirez
- Astronaut’s life aboard the ISS
(International Space Station)
- Two months from setting off to landing
- Learn about jobs in space
Was $39. 95
Now $19. 95
Fur Friends
With which pet can you have the best relationship? Learn about different kinds of cats and dogs Know how to raise them
Only $15 every 2 weeks
Handcrafts for All
March issue (期刊)
-Make money with handcrafts
- Create baskets from wood, feathers, and more
- Make costumes and blankets by hand
$3. 75 each month
Technology 4U
Set your satellite dish (卫星天线) and get more channels
Fix electronic equipment Save money in the long run
New issue every 2 months $100 a year
Journeys on Ice
By Sam McGee
Explorer’s adventures in the South Pole
Amazing story of 15 brave men
Over 800 pages, Half price! Now just $12. 50
Detective’s World
Solve the most mysterious crimes in different times
Think like a real detective
Exciting and enjoyable to read in your fee time
4 issues per year for $5 each
39．Author’s names are given for books. How many books which have authors’ names are there in the advertisements?
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4.
40．According to these advertisements, which of the following has the most issues each year?
A．Technology 4U B．Handcrafts for All. C．Fur Friends. D．Detectives’ World.
41．How much did Sam McGee’s Journeys on Ice cost before?
A．$25 B．$19. 95 C．$12. 50 D．$3. 75
42．Tom is interested in fixing computers and he wants to watch some more foreign channels on TV. He is probably going to read .
A．Journeys on Ice B．Handcrafts for All C．Rocket to Space D．Technology 4U

【答案】39．B 40．C 41．A 42．D

【导语】本文是一篇广告。本文主要提供一些书和杂志的信息以供出售。
39．细节理解题。根据“Rocket to Space By Diego Ramirez (《火箭升空》作者迭戈·拉米雷斯)”和“Journeys on Ice By Sam McGee (《冰上之旅》作者山姆·麦基)”可知，只有第一本和第五本书介绍了作者姓名，故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据Fur Friends中“every 2 weeks (每两周一次)”，Handcrafts for All中“each month(每月一次)”， Technology 4U中“every 2 months(每两个月一次)”， Detective’s World中“4 issues per year (一年四期)”可知，每年发行量最多的是Fur Friends，故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据“Half price! Now just $12. 50 (现在半价，只要12.5美元)”可知以前的价格为12.5乘以2等于$25，故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据“Technology 4U Set your satellite dish (卫星天线) and get more channels Fix electronic equipment. (技术 4U设置您的卫星天线（卫星天线）并获得更多频道固定电子设备)”可知，汤姆对修理电脑感兴趣，他想在电视上看一些外国频道，他可以选择阅读Technology 4U，故选D。

(C)
（2022·上海·高一复旦附中校考期末）
The medieval artists didn’t know about perspective; they didn’t want to make their people look like real, individual people in a real, individual scene. They wanted to show the truth, the eternal quality of their religious stories. So these artists didn’t need to know about perspective.
In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings. A flat medieval style couldn’t show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique. It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing. At first the artists of the Renaissance only had single-point perspective. Later they realized that they could have two-pointed perspective and still later multi-point perspective.
With two-point perspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it. The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the “Grammar of painting”. Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective. For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level. Sloping roof tops don’t meet on eye level.
For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pictures. Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities that artists give in displaying individual styles. Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple single-point perspective. Cezanne always talked about space and volume. Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints. And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures. Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth. However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and not illusions.
It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth. However, a strong two dimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.
43．According to the passage, which is the main concern for medieval artists?
A．the individual person and his/her possessions and surroundings
B．real people, real scenes
C．eternal timeless truth of the earth
D．themes of religious stories
44．The discovery of perspective was the result of __________.
A．Renaissance artists’ desire to prove that the medieval artists could show level of reality
B．the need to turn an object at an angle and draw more than one side of it
C．the subject being shifted from religious stories to individual person and surroundings.
D．natural evolution of human senses
45．The word “Grammar” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________.
A．construction B．grammatical rules
C．rules and regulations D．tones and volume
46．The following artists’ priorities in style shift away from perspective except _________.
A．Crivelli B．Cezanne C．Japanese artists D．Brunelleschi
47．It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists __________.
A．embraced the medieval style of eternal truth
B．needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of reality
C．were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in inventing the technique of perspective
D．saw two dimensional design more important than a feeling of depth
48．The passage mainly discusses __________.
A．the difference between medieval and Renaissance art
B．how the technique of perspective influenced the modern art
C．the discovery of the technique of perspective
D．the contribution of Renaissance artists

【答案】43．D 44．C 45．C 46．D 47．B 48．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了视技术如何影响现代艺术。
43．细节理解题。根据第一段中“They wanted to show the truth, the eternal quality of their religious stories. (他们想要展示真相，展示他们宗教故事的永恒品质)”可知，中世纪艺术家最关心的是宗教故事的主题。故选D。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings. A flat medieval style couldn’t show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique. (在欧洲文艺复兴时期，艺术家们想要表现个人及其财产和环境的重要性。单一的中世纪风格无法表现出这种程度的现实，艺术家们需要一种新的技术)”可知，透视的发现是主题从宗教故事转移到个人和环境的结果。故选C。
45．词句猜测题。根据上文“The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented technique, a part of the (透视技术，我们现在看来很自然，是一种发明的技术，是......的一部分)”可知，透视法是一种发明的技术，是“绘画规则”的一部分，在我们现在看来是如此自然。故grammar此处意思是“规则”。故选C。
46．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities that artists give in displaying individual styles. Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple single-point perspective. Cezanne always talked about space and volume. Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist period, was interested in Japanese prints. And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures. Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth. (尽管如此，艺术家们在展示个人风格时还是有一系列的优先事项。克里韦利想在他的照片中展示深度，他使用了简单的单点透视法。塞尚总是谈论空间和体积。和印象派时期的其他一些画家一样，梵高对日本版画也很感兴趣。直到本世纪，日本艺术家一直是“平面”画的强大设计者。毕加索的画当然是有体积和深度的)”可知，Brunelleschi不是展示个人风格的艺术家。故选D。
47．推理判断题。根据第二段“In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings. A flat medieval style couldn’t show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique. It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing. At first the artists of the Renaissance only had single-point perspective. Later they realized that they could have two-pointed perspective and still later multi-point perspective. (在欧洲文艺复兴时期，艺术家们想要表现个人及其财产和环境的重要性。单一的中世纪风格无法表现出这种程度的现实，艺术家们需要一种新的技术。发现透视画技术的是意大利画家布鲁内莱斯基。起初文艺复兴时期的艺术家只有单点透视法。后来他们意识到他们可以有两点透视法，后来还有多点透视法)”可推知，文艺复兴时期的艺术家需要发展一种新的绘画方法来展示一个新的层次的现实。故选B。
48．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The medieval artists didn’t know about perspective; they didn’t want to make their people look like real, individual people in a real, individual scene. They wanted to show the truth, the eternal quality of their religious stories. So these artists didn’t need to know about perspective.(中世纪的艺术家不知道透视法；他们不想让他们的人看起来像真实的、独立的人在真实的、独立的场景中。他们想要展示真相，展示他们宗教故事的永恒品质。所以这些艺术家不需要知道透视法)”根据第二段“In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her possessions and surroundings. A flat medieval style couldn’t show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique. It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing. At first the artists of the Renaissance only had single-point perspective. Later they realized that they could have two-pointed perspective and still later multi-point perspective.(在欧洲文艺复兴时期，艺术家们想要表现个人及其财产和环境的重要性。单一的中世纪风格无法表现出这种程度的现实，艺术家们需要一种新的技术。发现透视画技术的是意大利画家布鲁内莱斯基。起初文艺复兴时期的艺术家只有单点透视法。后来他们意识到他们可以有两点透视法，后来还有多点透视法)”以及下文的具体介绍可知，这篇文章主要讨论透视技术如何影响现代艺术。故选B。

Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
（2022秋·高一上海市南洋模范中学校考期末）
Just before Italy’s second lockdown in November 2020, the banks of Milan’s Grand Canal were busy with people. Bargain hunters picked their way through market stalls. ___49___ The clear water of the canal reflected the dazzling autumn sunshine.
This is a familiar scene in Milan’s Navigli district on the last Sunday of every month. Located in the city’s south-west corner, the Navigli district remains one of the last true connections the Milanese have with water. The Grand Canal (Naviglio Grande) itself dates back to 1177.
Although not widely known, Milan’s centre was once traced with waterways, like those of Venice. ___50___ London has the Thames. Paris, the Seine. Berlin was built around the banks of the Spree. Yet, Milan, one of the wealthiest cities in Europe, has none. The city had to make one for itself. Between the 12th and 17th centuries, a network of canals was developed in order to grow the city’s wealth and influence.
Most of the last traces of this network can be seen in Navigli. The rest fell victim to modernisation during the mid-20th century. As automobiles and trains replaced boats, the Inner Ring was buried under concrete (混凝土). For the most part, the canals are still there, covered over by new roads and buildings.
___51___ The Darsena sits at the meeting point of two of Milan’s last canals, Naviglio Grande and Naviglio Pavese. Once one of Italy’s busiest ports, the harbourside area has lain largely unused since the 1960s. In 2015, it was completely renovated for the Milan Expo.
Today, the Darsena provides a vital lung to one of Europe’s most polluted cities. Every day, people walk along its banks or sit with a takeaway drink from the many bars which are located nearby. Old men teach their grandkids the patient art of fishing, while runners trace loops around the boardwalk. ___52___
Currently, designs are being drafted for an underground tunnel to allow the water to pass through the city’s centre. It is hoped that the project will be completed by 2026 when Milan is set to co-host the Winter Olympics.
A．It will help the Milanese to live better lives.
B．We have to see the re-opening as a big project for redeveloping the city.
C．Think of almost any major inland city and there’s a big river to go with it.
D．Others sat in cafes, sipping coffee while gazing out at the city’s shoppers.
E．In more recent years, there has been a new energy around Navigli, which flows from the Darsena (meaning “dock”).
F．Its ongoing popularity long after the Expo has led to an ambitious project to completely re-open Milan’s Inner Ring.

【答案】49．D 50．C 51．E 52．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了米兰的大运河，介绍了其历史和重要性；同时还介绍了达塞纳码头。
49．根据空前“Just before Italy’s second lockdown in November 2020, the banks of Milan’s Grand Canal were busy with people. Bargain hunters picked their way through market stalls.(就在2020年11月意大利第二次封锁之前，米兰大运河的岸边挤满了人。买便宜货的人穿梭在市场的摊位间。)”可知，上文描述了岸边挤满了人，以及一部分人在挑便宜货。选项D“Others sat in cafes, sipping coffee while gazing out at the city’s shoppers. (其他人坐在咖啡馆里，一边喝着咖啡，一边凝视着城市里的购物者。)”中的“others”和上文的“Bargain hunters”都是大运河边的人们；而选项D中的“the city’s shoppers”指的正是上文中的“bargain hunters”，所以选项D与上文内容一致。故选D。
50．根据空后“London has the Thames. Paris, the Seine. Berlin was built around the banks of the Spree.(除了伦敦有泰晤士河。巴黎有塞纳河。柏林是围绕施普雷河岸建造的。)”可知，这些城市都拥有一条河流与之相伴。选项C“Think of almost any major inland city and there’s a big river to go with it. (想想几乎任何一个主要的内陆城市都有一条大河。)”与下文内容一致，引出下文内容。故选C。
51．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“The Darsena sits at the meeting point of two of Milan’s last canals, Naviglio Grande and Naviglio Pavese. Once one of Italy’s busiest ports, the harbourside area has lain largely unused since the 1960s. In 2015, it was completely renovated for the Milan Expo.(达塞纳船坞位于米兰最后的两条运河——Naviglio Grande和Naviglio Pavese航道的交汇处。这里曾经是意大利最繁忙的港口之一，但自20世纪60年代以来，这个港口基本上没有被使用过。2015年，为了米兰世博会对它进行了全面翻修。)”可知，本段主要介绍了达塞纳码头。选项E“In more recent years, there has been a new energy around Navigli, which flows from the Darsena (meaning “dock”). (近年来，Navigli周围出现了一种新的能量，这种能量来自Darsena(意为“码头”)。)”引出下文主题内容——达塞纳码头，与下文内容一致。故选E。
52．根据上文内容“Today, the Darsena provides a vital lung to one of Europe’s most polluted cities. Every day, people walk along its banks or sit with a takeaway drink from the many bars which are located nearby. Old men teach their grandkids the patient art of fishing, while runners trace loops around the boardwalk.(如今，达塞纳码头为欧洲污染最严重的城市之一提供了重要的“肺”。每天，人们沿着河岸散步，或者坐在附近的许多酒吧里喝着外带饮料。老人们教他们的孙子们耐心的钓鱼艺术，而跑步者则沿着木板路绕着圈跑。)”可知，世博后过后的达塞纳码头仍然深受人们的喜爱，为这所城市注入新的气息。选项F“(世博会结束后，达塞纳码头依然广受欢迎，这导致了一个雄心勃勃的项目——完全重新开放米兰内环。)”与上文内容一致。故选F。

IV.Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
（2022秋·上海·高一上海市控江中学校考期末）
When you hear the final whistle
One of the hardest things for any sportsperson to do is to know when to retire. But even harder is finding the answer to the question “What am I going to do with the rest of my life?”
Some sportspeople go on playing too long. Perhaps they just can’t stand life without the “high” of playing professional sport. Michael Jordan, the greatest basketball player of all time retired three times. He retired once from the Chicago Bulls, made a successful comeback with the Bulls, then retired again. His second comeback with an inferior team ended in failure and he retired forever at the age of 38. Jordan said, “There will never be anything I do that will fulfill me as much as competing did.”
Others can’t resist the chance of one last “pay day”. Muhammad Ali needed the money, but his comeback fight, at the age of 39, against Trevor Berbick, was one of the saddest spectacles in modern sport. After losing to Berbick, Ali retired permanently. Three years later he developed Parkinson’s disease.
For some people, the pain of retirement never leaves them. As Jimmy Greaves, an ex-England international footballer said, “I think that a lot of players would prefer to be shot once their career is over.” Many of them spend their retirement in a continual battle against depression, alcohol, or drugs.
But for the lucky few, retirement can mean a successful new career. Franz Beckenbauer is a classical example of a footballer who won everything with his club, Bayern Muaich. After retiring he became a successful coach with Bayern and finally president of the club. John McEnroe, the infamous “bad boy” of tennis, is now a highly respected and highly paid TV commentator. But sadly, for most sportspeople these cases are the exceptions.
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【答案】For sportsmen, knowing what to do after retirement is harder than deciding when to retire. Some play so long that they have trouble adjusting to life after retirement, while the need for money keeps others stay. For some, the pain of retirement is with them for the rest of life, while for others, retirement means a successful new career.
【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括对运动员来说知道退役后做什么比决定何时退役更难，一些人难退役是因为他们难以适应退役后的生活，另一些则是需要钱；对一些人来说，退役的痛苦伴随整个余生，而对另一些人来说则意味着一个新的成功的生涯，注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。
【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。
2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。
3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。
4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长。

V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
54． （2023秋·上海·高一华东师范大学第三附属中学校考期末）
参加体育活动很有可能会缓解精神压力。(likely)
【答案】Doing physical exercise is likely to relieve/ease mental pressure.
【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时。“参加体育活动”为do physical exercise，在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，即doing physical exercise，“很有可能做某事”为固定搭配be likely to do，动名词作主语，看成第三人称单数，be动词应用is，“缓解”为动词relieve/ease，“精神压力”为mental pressure，作宾语，故整句翻译为Doing physical exercise is likely to relieve/ease mental pressure.。

55． （2023秋·上海·高一上海市晋元高级中学校考期末）
抱怨网络对热爱冒险的青少年的消极影响是无意义的。(point; impact)(汉译英)
【答案】There’s no point complaining about the internet’s negative impact on teenagers who love adventure.
【详解】考查固定句型、搭配、动词和形容词。表示“做某事是无意义的”可以使用固定句型There is no point doing sth；表示“抱怨某事”应使用短语complain about；表“某物对某人的消极影响”可以使用A’s(某物) impact on B(某人)；表示“热爱冒险的青少年”可使用定语从句teenagers who love adventure；表“消极的”使用形容词negative，故答案为：There’s no point complaining about the internet’s negative impact on teenagers who love adventure。

56． （2023秋·上海·高一上海市宜川中学校考期末）
就教师而言，没有什么比能看到学生取得进步更令人高兴的了。(than)
【答案】As far as teachers are concerned, nothing is more gratifying than seeing students make progress.
【详解】考查名词，动词，形容词，代词，介词，短语和时态。表示“教师”应用名词teacher；表示“就…而言”应用固定句型as far as sb. be concerned；表示“没有什么”应用代词nothing；表示“看到”应用动词see；表示“学生”应用名词student；表示“取得进步”应用动词短语make progress；表示“更令人高兴的”应用形容词more gratifying；表示“比…”应用介词than；分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是现在的事实，句子谓语用一般现在时。故翻译为As far as teachers are concerned, nothing is more gratifying than seeing students make progress.

57． （2023秋·上海·高一上海师大附中校考期末）
一些品牌之所以能够在激烈的竞争中存活下来是因为它们愿意迎接挑战。(survive)
【答案】Some brands survive the fierce competition because they are willing to rise to the challenge.
【详解】考查名词、动词、时态和原因状语从句。结合原文，分析句子可知，全句讲述客观规律，应使用一般现在时态；“一些品牌之所以能够在激烈的竞争中存活下来”是主句，“一些品牌”是主语，用some brands表示， “在……存活下来”是谓语动词，用survive表示，“激烈的竞争”处理为宾语，用the fierce competition表示；“因为它们愿意迎接挑战”是原因状语从句，用从属连词because引导，“它们”作主语，用代词they表示，“愿意”是谓语，用短语are willing to表示，“迎接挑战”用动词短语rise to the challenge表示，作宾语。综上， 全句译为：Some brands survive the fierce competition because they are willing to rise to the challenge.

VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
（2022秋·上海金山·高一上海市金山中学校考期末）
58． 假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请 。申请的开头和结尾已经给出。
内容应包括：
1.你参加这次活动的目的；
2.你的兴趣、爱好和特长。
提示词语：文化交流 cultural exchange;  夏令营 summer camp
Dear Sir/Madam,
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Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to apply for a position in the summer camp. First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment. What's more, through the cultural exchange program, I want more foreigners to know about our traditions and customs.
I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling. My other hobbies include language study, drawing, playing soccer, reading and listening to music. I played soccer last year for my city’s local team. I enjoy reading too, and my favorite books are Harry Potter series by J. K. Rowling.
As a senior school student, I sincerely hope that I can get involved in the activities to gain practical experience in addition to the knowledge we learn from books.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Xiaoming
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是王小明，你们学校在招募英语夏令营的成员，请你用英语写一份申请，要求写清参加这次活动的目的，自己的兴趣、爱好和特长。
【详解】1.词汇积累
机会：chance →opportunity
此外：what’s more →besides →in addition
喜欢：enjoy →be fond of →be attracted to
参加：get involved in →take part in →participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team.
拓展句：I played soccer last year for my city’s local team, in which I was appointed as captain.
【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, it will be a great chance for me to learn to be independent as we will be exposed to a new environment.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语和as引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I have many hobbies, one of which is travelling.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）