还剩19页未读，
继续阅读
2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题（含答案）
展开
这是一份2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题（含答案），共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
San Francisco’s World Famous Fire Engine Tours
Classic Fire Engine Tour
Running: Year Round
Duration: 90 Minutes
Departing:11:00am,1:00pm,3:00pm
Description: Our classic award winning Fire Engine Tour.
Enjoy riding high on our 90-minute tours over the Golden Gate Bridge. Experience San Francisco and its iconic(象征性的)sights on a unique fire engine. On our fun-filled trip you will start at Fisherman’s Wharf, travel the City’s streets, across the Golden Gate Bridge to Fort Baker on the suburbs of Sausalito and up to the Marin Headlands.
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December
Duration:75-90 Minutes
Departing: 5:45 pm，7:45 pm,9:30pm
Description: Celebrate the season with Christmas Carols and fun facts as you tour downtown San Francisco. The Embarcadero, and Union Square.(Tour does not cross the Golden Gate Bridge)
Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour Package
Running: Year Round
Description: Get all the sights and fun of our Classic Fire Engine Tour then add the one and only Alcatraz Island Tour with Audio(音频)。
Prices:
Adults $103
Teens (ages 13-17)$93
Children (ages 6-12)$48
Kids(ages 0-5)$35
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: Year Round
Duration:120 Minutes
Departing: Private charter(许可)only
Description: This delicious tour goes through San Francisco on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours (on the house) of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.
1． What can a tourist do on Classic Fire Engine Tour?
A．Ride different vehicles. B．Take a tour with Audio.
C．Visit the Golden Gate Bridge. D．Feel Christmas atmosphere.
2．How much will a couple with a child aged 10 pay for Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour
Package?
A．$254. B．$299. C．$312. D．$206.
3．Where can you have a good taste of the local wine?
A．Treasure Island. B．Alcatraz Island.
C．The Embarcadero. D．Fisherman’s Wharf.
Amelia Lisowe is 12 years old. She has a lot going on, but she still finds time to brighten the world of foster children. In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system. Foster care is when children are placed in another home. This happens when their families cannot take care of them or it is too dangerous. “Sometimes foster kids have to leave in the middle of the night because of neglect, abuse or drugs,” said Amelia.“Having that night lights makes it more comfortable in a new house where they may not know anybody.”
When she was just 8 years old, Amelia searched for places to volunteer. But she kept being turned away. Adults said she was too young.“I felt kind of defeated, because I love to volunteer,“ she said. One day her mother mentioned that foster children occasionally have to leave their homes overnight. Amelia began thinking of her own fear of the dark.“I couldn’t imagine being in a new home and being in that darkness.” Amelia said. She told a school counselor about her idea of collecting night lights for foster children. Her school hosted a drive collecting $1 donations. Lisowe’s Lights grew from there.
Amelia has made a big difference worldwide. Her lights have gone as far as England, Poland, Ukraine, France and New Zealand. In February 2023,Lisowe’s Lights launched(启动)an Ambassadors of Light program. The program encourages young people to get involved with the foster care system.
Rachel Hubbard, a former foster parent, called the night lights a wonderful blessing. “They are a big help to kids who are sleeping in a new place,” she said. A foster care group said the night lights are the first thing the kids always pull out of their bags. “They can just see the smiles on their faces.“Amelia said
“It’s surreal how much Lisowe’s Lights has grown,” said Amelia’s mother. The group has sent more than 15,000 lights to children. She is very proud of her daughter. “People don’t think about being afraid of the dark when they stay somewhere new, Lauren Lisowe said. Amelia had an idea and followed through with it. To be able to make such an impact ”has been a really neat experience”.
4．What’s the purpose of Lisowe Lights?
A．To prevent hurts in children’s families.
B．To provide comfort for the foster children
C．To help the foster care take care of children.
D．To collect donations for the foster care system.
5．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The reason why Amelia was refused.
B．The influence Amelia’s mother had on her.
C．The disappointing volunteer experience Amelia had.
D．The inspiration Amelia got to set up Lisowe’s Lights.
6．What does the underlined word “surreal” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Reasonable. B．Normal. C．Amazing. D．Realistic.
7．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．Lighting Nights for Children
B．Brightening Life for Foster Children
C．Calling on More People to Volunteer
D．Providing Necessities for Foster Children
The Amazon rainforest contains about 2.8 million square miles of jungle. That’s 7.2 million square kilometers. Humans are transforming the Amazon. In fact, it has now become another climate change contributor. Normally, forests absorb huge amounts of carbon dioxide(CO2) gas. By absorbing CO2 forests keep it out of the atmosphere. This is important, because CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning that it traps heat in the atmosphere.
In the past 30 years, humans have contributed to greenhouse gas pollution. This pollution comes from burning fuels such as coal and oil. Finally, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to warmer global temperatures over time which contributes to climate change. Now, scientists in Brazil found that the Amazon is releasing(释放)more CO2 than it is absorbing, which has never happened before. In July 2021, the scientists published their findings.
For their study, the scientists looked at nearly 600 CO2 measurements. They took them from four sites in the Brazilian Amazon between 2010 to 2018. Using these measurements the scientists found that most of the CO2 that the Amazon releases is from wildfires, many of which are started by people. They create fires to clear land for farming and other work. But when trees burn, they release CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
The worst spot is the eastern Amazon. It has become hotter, drier and more likely to have fires. That’s because the eastern Amazon has seen greater amounts of deforestation. or removal of trees. The result is more greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from fires.
Luciana Gatti, a scientist at Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research, said that fires in the Amazon make around three times more CO2 than the forest can absorb. She also explained that the Amazon releases much more CO2 in places with greater amounts of deforestation (毁林). Gatti’s team also found some better news. While the eastern Amazon has become a source for releasing carbon, the western Amazon has not. It is balanced This means it has healthy forests that can absorb the same amount of CO2 that fires release.
Gatti said that if we could stop fires in the Amazon, then the forest might even become a carbon sink. This is a place that absorbs more CO2 than it releases. She said that limiting deforestation and wildfires is key to turning this dangerous trend around.
8．What can we learn about the Amazon rainforest from Paragraph 1?
A．It is becoming hotter and drier. B．It can trap heat by absorbing CO2.
C．It matters in regulating the climate. D．It releases more CO2 into the atmosphere.
9．What has happened in the recent decades in the Amazon?
A．Natural wildfires release most of the CO2 .
B．Humans’ activities result in climate change.
C．Humans have dealt with greenhouse gas pollution.
D．The Amazon is absorbing more CO2 than it is releasing
10．Which statement does Luciana Gatti agree with?
A．Both the eastern and the western Amazon face the challenge.
B．The western Amazon has seen greater amounts of deforestation.
C．The key to approaching the present situation is to limit the wildfires.
D．The fires in the Amazon make about twice more CO2 than it can absorb.
11．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．An alarming phenomenon. B．A disappearing forest.
C．An excellent scientist. D．A sad prediction.
Plenty of kids like to play video games. But is gaming good or bad for their brains? Scientists from the University of Vermont recently found that video games could offer some benefits to the mind. Their study found that gamers did better than non-gamers on two mental tasks.
Bader Chaarania neuroscientist (神经学家), who helped lead the new research, said that scientists have looked at kids who play video games in the past. But many of their studies did not have good sample (样本) sizes. So, Chaarani and his team worked with data, or information, from 2,217 children. All of these children participated in a much larger study. Chaarani’s team just used the information from that study.
The scientists looked at two groups of kids in the study. One group was the non gamer group while the other was the gamer group. All of the kids had their brains scanned with an fMRI scanner at age 9 or 10.The kids did two tasks while in the fMRI scanner The first task was to press a right or left arrow on a computer when they were given instructions, which tested their ability to quickly act. The second task was to remember facial expressions in pictures on the screen. The scientists recorded the time they used, which tested what’s known as working memory.
The results matched the brain scans. For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination (协调) were less active in gamers than non-gamers. Chaarani said that’s likely from practice. It’s like using a muscle. Gamers’ brains seem to have become stronger in this area. So they didn’t need to work as hard to respond to the images viewed on the screen.
Fran Blumberg who studies children’s attention and problem —solving skills agreed with the result of the study but he also advised Chaarani to collect more data as the kids get older. Then he can see whether their skills — and brains — change over time.
12．How was the new research different from those in the past?
A．All the kids had their brains scanned.
B．The kids completed two mental tasks.
C．The number of the kids was much larger
D．The study was led by a famous neuroscientist.
13．Why did the scientists use an fMRI scanner in the study?
A．To test kids’ ability to quickly act.
B．To help the kids complete the two tasks.
C．To record what gamers saw and did in the two tasks.
D．To check if specific brain areas of gamers were more active.
14．Which is the result of Chaarani’s study?
A．Gamers used more time in the 2nd task
B．Gamers were not so active as non-gamers.
C．Gamers had better memory than non-gamers
D．Gamers acted as slowly as non-gamers in the 1st task
15．What is Fran Blumberg’s attitude towards the study?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Uninterested.
二、七选五
How to make a tastier chocolate?
A group of scientists in the Netherlands have been experimenting with a method to make chocolate more of a “treat” than ever.____16____ The scientists want to know why. But their study focused on how chocolate splits when you bite it.
“To improve how chocolate feels in the mouth, we gave geometry to chocolate,”
Coulais, a member of the group, said.____17____ Geometry is a branch of mathematics, dealing with shapes and their characters. Coulais and his team used a 3D printer to layer dark chocolate in various ways.____18____They printed another in super-thin zigzagged(之字形的)layers. They also printed chocolates in complicated spirals(复杂的螺旋形)The resulting pieces were fed to ten eager volunteers.
The crunchiest(松脆的)-while remaining easy to bite-was the one made into complicated spirals. It was also the top-tasting experience“More crunchiness meant that people tended to like it more," Coulais said.
____19____ They wanted to find out which chocolate was the crunchiest. The general winner remained that spiral.
However, the spiral is not necessarily the best shape possible. Coulais thought it was just the best out of the few the scientists tested.____20____
Coulais says it is too early to say whether chocolate will soon be made differently thanks to this research. He is working with a couple of organizations. They are studying how it might be applied.
A．It could also make treats even tastier.
B．Chocolate is delicious for many reasons.
C．This would then change the way it breaks.
D．The scientists printed one chocolate in a simple S-shape.
E．A machine is used to make a 3D object from digital files.
F．And there would be better ones if we would search more.
G．The scientists also used a machine to split the various chocolate shapes.
三、完形填空
On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.He was running in the name of charity(慈善机构),____21____ more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria, just shy of his £1 million fundraising ____22____.
The father-of-three often ____23____ his 26.2-mile route in the morning before going to____24____ as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield. This wasn’t just about____25____ the pavement, but also for the charity. McKee had more than 20 pairs of worn-out sneakers to____26____ it.
He ____27____ the 365th marathon on a rainy New Year’s Eve to the sound of____28____from an enthusiastic crowd of hundreds, who turned out____29____the weather was terrible.“The streets were_____30_____ . It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting. It was_____31_____seeing everybody there. It’s something I’ll always_____32_____.” The 53-year-old told the BBC afterward.
McKee _____33_____a total of more than 9,500 miles, and this was an “unbelievable_____34_____,”Hayley McKay, director of funding and communications for Hospice At Home West Cumbria, told BBC News.“The physical and mental_____35_____ he has shown is incomprehensible. I can only imagine the_____36_____required to achieve this. And there aren’t enough words to express our heartfelt_____37_____for everything that he has done to help people living with cancer at a time when they_____38_____us more than ever.”
Gary has not only raised money for two charities, he has brought_____39_____to the local community(社区) and brought people together_____40_____him with the challenge.
21．A．charging B．giving C．raising D．winning
22．A．target B．trick C．reward D．event
23．A．ran B．lost C．changed D．outlined
24．A．arrange B．work C．manage D．order
25．A．patting B．building C．hitting D．mending
26．A．explain B．perfect C．match D．prove
27．A．assessed B．prepared C．completed D．celebrated
28．A．smile B．whistle C．laughter D．applause
29．A．but B．though C．once D．because
30．A．lined B．cleaned C．broadened D．decorated
31．A．adequate B．admirable C．fantastic D．natural
32．A．repeat B．express C．command D．remember
33．A．signed up B．tried for C．came to know D．ended up with
34．A．challenge B．try C．step D．contribution
35．A．skill B．strength C．stress D．benefit
36．A．bond B．training C．will D．function
37．A．welcome B．appreciation C．satisfaction D．sympathy
38．A．need B．reach C．concern D．join
39．A．profit B．magic C．victory D．anecdote
40．A．praising B．reminding C．providing D．supporting
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will launch (发射) two crews to work on its Tiangong space station this year, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
Both crews will consist of three astronauts and will be launched into space ____41____ Long March 2F carrier. They are scheduled to work at the Tiangong station for six months, where they will conduct spacewalks, scientific and technological tasks. and ____42____ (education) lectures.
In addition, the Tianzhou 6 robotic cargo (货运) spaceship will dock (对接) with Tiangong in May____43____ (transport) necessities for the crew.
Pang Zhihao, an expert on space exploration technology, said that____44____(start) from the Shenzhou XV mission, Chinese astronauts will spend ____45____ (much) time on scientific experiments and technological tests than before.
“The government has made____46____clear that the space station is a ‘national space based laboratory’ ____47____(devote) to science and technology.” said Pang.
Nine joint science projects from 17 other____48____ (nation) have been selected to be carried out aboard Tiangong, and the first ones are expected to be conducted by the crew of the Shen-zhou XV or XVI missions.
“The composition of future flight crews will also be different. There will be scientists____49____ have been selected as members of China’s third generation of astronauts,”and Pang _____50_____(add),“They are experiencing extensive training.”
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
In order to enrich our school life, our teacher invited the old man to teach ourselves how to make clay figures last Friday. As soon as the man entered the classroom, with two boys carried his tool box, we give him a warm welcome. Later he picked up a piece clay and showed us step by step what to make clay figures. Next then we tried to make clay figures on our own. Eventual we put the clay figures on the desk and took some picture with the old man. It was so an exciting activity that we enjoyed ourselves very much.
六、其他应用文
52．2023驻华外交官“发现中国之旅”将举行文化推介征文活动。请你根据下面提示用英语写篇短文，参加活动。
1.介绍推介的文化；
2.推介理由。
注意:词数100左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了和旧金山世界著名消防车之旅相关的四个旅游景点的基本情况。
1．细节理解题。根据Classic Fire Engine Tour小标题下的“Enjoy riding high on our 90-minute tours over the Golden Gate Bridge.”（在金门大桥上骑行90分钟，尽情享受。）可知，游客在经典消防车之旅中可以参观金门大桥。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour Package标题下“Adults $103”（成人103美元）及“Children (ages 6-12)$48”（儿童（6-12岁）48美元）可知，一对夫妻加一个十岁的孩子价格为：103*2+48=254美元。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据San Francisco Winery Tour小标题下“This delicious tour goes through San Francisco on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours (on the house) of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.”（这趟美味之旅途经旧金山，前往金银岛，在那里我们将停留在著名的酿酒厂旧金山。在这里，您可以免费享用旧金山提供的四杯最佳葡萄酒。）可知，你可以在金银岛上品尝美酒。故选A项。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了12岁的小女孩Amelia Lisowe创立非盈利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system.( 2018年，她创立了自己的非营利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”。它为寄养系统中的儿童提供夜间照明。)”以及其后的““Sometimes foster kids have to leave in the middle of the night because of neglect, abuse or drugs,” said Amelia. “Having that night lights makes it more comfortable in a new house where they may not know anybody.” (Amelia说：“有时寄养儿童因为被忽视、虐待或吸毒而不得不在半夜离开。在他们可能不认识任何人的新房子里，开着夜灯会让他们感觉更舒服。”)”可知，Lisowe Lights成立的目的是为了给寄养儿童提供安慰。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When she was just 8 years old, Amelia searched for places to volunteer. But she kept being turned away. Adults said she was too young.“I felt kind of defeated, because I love to volunteer,“ she said. One day her mother mentioned that foster children occasionally have to leave their homes overnight. Amelia began thinking of her own fear of the dark.“I couldn’t imagine being in a new home and being in that darkness.” Amelia said. She told a school counselor about her idea of collecting night lights for foster children. Her school hosted a drive collecting $1 donations. Lisowe’s Lights grew from there.(当她只有8岁的时候，Amelia就开始寻找当志愿者的地方。但她一直被拒之门外。大人们说她太小了。“我觉得有点失败感，因为我喜欢做志愿者，”她说。有一天，她的母亲提到，寄养的孩子有时不得不离开家过夜。Amelia开始想到她自己对黑暗的恐惧。“我无法想象在一个新家生活在那样的黑暗中。”Amelia说。她向一位学校辅导员讲述了她为寄养儿童收集夜灯的想法。她的学校举办了一场募捐活动，募集1美元的捐款。Lisowe’s Lights就是从那里发展起来的。)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是Amelia是从何处获得灵感从而创立了Lisowe’s Lights。故选D。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“The group has sent more than 15,000 lights to children.(该组织已经为孩子们送去了15000多盏灯。)”可知，该组织发展迅速，已经为孩子们送去了15000多盏灯。由此判断，划线单词指的是“Lisowe’s Lights的发展速度令人震惊”。选项A“Reasonable (合理的)”；选项B“Normal (正常的)”；选项C“Amazing (令人惊叹的)”；选项D“Realistic (现实的)”。 故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system.(2018年，她创立了自己的非营利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”。它为寄养系统中的儿童提供夜间照明。)”以及第三段“In February 2023, Lisowe’s Lights launched(启动)an Ambassadors of Light program. The program encourages young people to get involved with the foster care system.(2023年2月，Lisowe’s Lights启动了“光之大使”计划。该项目鼓励年轻人加入寄养系统。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一个项目，该项目旨在为寄养儿童提供夜间照明。所以“Brightening Life for Foster Children(点亮寄养儿童的生活)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要，然而人类活动导致的野火让亚马逊释放二氧化碳。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Normally, forests absorb huge amounts of carbon dioxide(CO2) gas. By absorbing CO2 forests keep it out of the atmosphere. This is important, because CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning that it traps heat in the atmosphere.(正常情况下，森林吸收大量的二氧化碳气体。森林通过吸收二氧化碳使其远离大气。这一点很重要，因为二氧化碳是一种温室气体，这意味着它会将热量困在大气中)”可知，亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the past 30 years, humans have contributed to greenhouse gas pollution. This pollution comes from burning fuels such as coal and oil. Finally, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to warmer global temperatures over time which contributes to climate change.(在过去的30年里，人类造成了温室气体污染。这种污染来自燃烧煤和石油等燃料。最后，随着时间的推移，大气中的温室气体会导致全球气温升高，从而导致气候变化)”可知，近几十年来，人类活动导致气候变化。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gatti said that if we could stop fires in the Amazon, then the forest might even become a carbon sink. This is a place that absorbs more CO2 than it releases. She said that limiting deforestation and wildfires is key to turning this dangerous trend around.( Gatti说，如果我们能阻止亚马逊的火灾，那么森林甚至可能成为碳汇。这个地方吸收的二氧化碳比释放的要多。她说，限制森林砍伐和野火是扭转这一危险趋势的关键)”可推知，Luciana Gatti同意“解决目前情况的关键是限制野火”的说法。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据第三段“For their study, the scientists looked at nearly 600 CO2 measurements. They took them from four sites in the Brazilian Amazon between 2010 to 2018. Using these measurements the scientists found that most of the CO2 that the Amazon releases is from wildfires, many of which are started by people. They create fires to clear land for farming and other work. But when trees burn, they release CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.(在他们的研究中，科学家们观察了近600个二氧化碳测量值。他们在2010年至2018年期间从巴西亚马逊的四个地点拍摄了这些照片。通过这些测量，科学家们发现亚马逊释放的大部分二氧化碳来自野火，其中许多是由人类引起的。他们生火来清理耕地和其他工作用地。但是当树木燃烧时，它们会向大气中释放二氧化碳和其他温室气体)”结合文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要，然而人类活动导致的野火让亚马逊释放二氧化碳。可知，这篇文章主要讲了一个令人担忧的现象。故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．C 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了佛蒙特大学的科学家最近发现，电子游戏可以给大脑带来一些好处。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“But many of their studies did not have good sample sizes. So, Chaarani and his team worked with data, or information, from 2,217 children. All of these children participated in a much larger study.”（但他们的许多研究都没有很好的样本量。因此，沙拉尼和他的团队研究了2217名儿童的数据或信息。所有这些孩子都参加了一项规模更大的研究。）可知，之前的研究没有好的样本数量，说明之前研究的孩子人数少，新的研究和过去的研究不同的是孩子们的数量要多得多。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“The results matched the brain scans. For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination were less active in gamers than non-gamers.”（结果与脑部扫描结果相符。对于他们观察的孩子来说，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃，游戏玩家的脑中参与手眼协调的区域不如非游戏玩家活跃。）可知，学家们在研究中使用了功能磁共振扫描仪的原因是检查游戏玩家的特定大脑区域是否更活跃。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination were less active in gamers than non-gamers.”（对于他们观察的孩子来说，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃。游戏玩家的脑中参与手眼协调的区域不如非游戏玩家活跃。）可知，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃，说明沙拉尼的研究结果表明玩家比非玩家有更好的记忆力。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fran Blumberg who studies children’s attention and problem —solving skills agreed with the result of the study but he also advised Chaarani to collect more data as the kids get older. Then he can see whether their skills — and brains — change over time.”（研究儿童注意力和解决问题技能的Fran Blumberg同意这项研究的结果，但他也建议沙拉尼随着孩子年龄的增长收集更多的数据。然后他可以看到他们的技能和大脑是否会随着时间的推移而改变。）可知，Fran Blumberg要求沙拉尼收集更多数据，说明他对于这个研究的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过3D打印技术并使用机器进行研究，发现螺旋状的巧克力吃起来在所有测试的形状中口感最好。
16．下文“The scientists want to know why. (科学家们想知道原因)”可知，空格处应该讲述巧克力好吃得原因。所以B项“巧克力好吃有很多原因”构成因果关系，形成内容上的承接，指出由于巧克力好吃，科学家才想知道原因。故选B项。
17．上文““To improve how chocolate feels in the mouth, we gave geometry to chocolate,”(“为了改善巧克力在口腔中的感觉，我们给巧克力赋予了几何形状。”)”说明研究者将巧克力做成不同的几何形状，是C项“这将改变它的断裂方式”的原因，解释了因为巧克力不同形状会造成结果就是巧克力的断裂方式发生转变。故选C项。
18．上文“Coulais and his team used a 3D printer to layer dark chocolate in various ways.(Coulais和他的团队使用3D打印机以各种方式将黑巧克力分层)”对下文的概括总结，D项“科学家们把一块巧克力印成了简单的S形”是对上文的举例说明。故选D项。
19．下文“They wanted to find out which chocolate was the crunchiest. The general winner remained that spiral.(他们想知道哪种巧克力最脆。总的赢家仍然是螺旋式的)”中的they指代的是G项“科学家们还使用机器将各种形状的巧克力分开”中的The scientists，G项和下文之间构成内容上的承接，指出科学家还用了机器操作，得出结论最脆的巧克力形状是螺旋状的。故选G项。
20．上文“However, the spiral is not necessarily the best shape possible. Coulais thought it was just the best out of the few the scientists tested.(然而，螺旋状并不一定是最好的形状。Coulais认为这只是少数科学家测试中最好的一个)”和F项“如果我们能搜索更多，就会有更好的”构成内容上的递进，指出螺旋状只是科学家测试中最好的一个，推断出如果我们能搜索更多，也许会找到更好的形状。故选F项。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】只是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加里·麦基通过以在2022年全年跑马拉松的方式为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱，帮助那些有需要的癌症患者，他的行为受到了人们的支持和感激的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以慈善的名义参加竞选，为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹集了40多万英镑的资金，还没达到100万英镑的筹款目标。A. charging付费；B. giving给予；C. raising筹集；D. winning赢得。根据后文“more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria”可知，加里·麦基在为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱。故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以慈善的名义参加竞选，为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹集了40多万英镑的资金，还没达到100万英镑的筹款目标。A. target目标；B. trick诡计；C. reward回报；D. event事件。根据前文“just shy of his £1 million fundraising”可知，他的筹款没达到100万英镑，说明100万英镑的筹款是他的目标。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位三个孩子的父亲经常在早上跑26.2英里的路程，然后作为组长前往塞拉菲尔德核电站工作。A. ran跑；B. lost丢失；C. changed改变；D. outlined概述。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基每天都要跑步，推断出他经常在早晨跑26.2英里的路程。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位三个孩子的父亲经常在早上跑26.2英里的路程，然后作为组长前往塞拉菲尔德核电站工作。A. arrange安排；B. work工作；C. manage管理；D. order命令。根据后文“as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield”可知，麦基在塞拉菲尔德核电站当组长，说明他在那里工作。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是不被解雇，也是为了慈善事业。A. patting拍；B. building建立；C. hitting打击；D. mending修理。根据前文“as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield”可知，加里有工作，他每天跑步去上班不仅仅是为了不被解雇，hit the pavement为固定短语，意为“不被解雇”，符合句意。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦基有20多双破旧的运动鞋来证明这一点。A. explain解释；B. perfect使完美；C. match匹配；D. prove证明。根据前文“McKee had more than 20 pairs of worn-out sneakers”可知，麦基跑坏了20多双鞋，是他每天跑步的证明。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. assessed评定；B. prepared准备；C. completed完成；D. celebrated庆祝。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基实现了在2022年每天跑步的目标，推断出他完成了第365场跑步。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. smile微笑；B. whistle口哨；C. laughter大笑；D. applause掌声。根据后文“It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，人们都在鼓掌和尖叫，说明观众们发出了掌声。故选D项。
29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. but但是；B. though尽管；C. once一旦；D. because因为。引导状语从句，前后句之间是转折关系，应用though表示这种关系。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们沿街道排成一排。A. lined排队；B. cleaned清理；C. broadened扩大；D. decorated装饰。根据前文“an enthusiastic crowd of hundreds”几千名热情的观众，推断出人们沿着街道排成一排在观看他跑步。故选A项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都在那里真是太棒了。A. adequate足够的；B. admirable令人羡慕的；C. fantastic极好的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“seeing everybody there”可知，麦基看见很多人在为他鼓掌欢呼时他的感觉是极好的。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我永远记得的事情。A. repeat重复；B. express表达；C. command命令；D. remember记住。根据前文“It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，人们在雨夜为他欢呼庆祝他完成第365次跑步，这是一件令麦基难忘的事情。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦基最终跑了9500多英里，这是一个“难以置信的挑战”A. signed up报名；B. tried for尝试过；C. came to know开始知道；D. ended up with以……结束。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基完成了一年的跑步，说明他最终跑了9500多英里。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦基最终跑了9500多英里，这是一个“难以置信的挑战”A. challenge挑战；B. try尝试；C. step步伐；D. contribution贡献。根据前文“McKee ____13____a total of more than 9,500 miles”可知，麦基一共跑了9500多英里，这是一个很长的距离，推断出这是难以置信的挑战。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他所表现出的身体和精神上的力量令人无法理解。A. skill技巧；B. strength力量；C. stress压力；D. benefit益处。根据前文“The physical and mental”及结合常识可知，跑步需要身体和精神上的力量。故选B项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能想象实现这一目标所需的毅力。A. bond联系；B. training训练；C. will毅力；D. function功能。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基跑了整整一年时间，这是一件非常需要毅力的事情。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在癌症患者比以往任何时候都更需要我们的时候，他为帮助他们所做的一切都无法用言语表达我们的衷心感谢。A. welcome欢迎；B. appreciation感激；C. satisfaction满意；D. sympathy同情心。根据后文“for everything that he has done to help people living with cancer at a time”可知，对于他为帮助癌症患者所做的一切，推断出海莉·麦凯是想要表示衷心的感谢。故选B项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在癌症患者比以往任何时候都更需要我们的时候，他为帮助他们所做的一切都无法用言语表达我们的衷心感谢。A. need需要；B. reach达到；C. concern关注；D. join参加。根据前文“____1____ more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria”可知，麦基为癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱，根据常识，癌症患者在临终关怀中心说明已经病情严重了，推断出他们更加需要我们的帮助。故选A项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gary不仅为两家慈善机构筹集了资金，还为当地社区带来了魔力并将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战。A. profit利益；B. magic魔法；C. victory胜利；D. anecdote轶事。根据后文“brought people together____20____him with the challenge.”可知，他让将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战说明他是有魔力的。故选B项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gary不仅为两家慈善机构筹集了资金，还为当地社区带来了魔力并将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战。A. praising练习；B. reminding提醒；C. providing提供；D. supporting支持。根据前文“The streets were____10____ . It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，他能通过跑步这件事让人们都聚集在一起支持他的行动。故选D项。
41．by 42．educational 43．to transport 44．starting 45．more 46．it 47．devoted 48．nations 49．who/that 50．added
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了中国今年将发射两组宇航员前往天宫空间站工作，以及他们工作的内容、补给以及未来要执行的任务。
41．考查介词。句意：两组人员由三名宇航员组成，并将由长征二号F运载火箭发射升空。根据谓语will be launched可知，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，by后强调动作的发出者，根据句意可知，谓语的发出者为Long March 2F carrier，应用by连接。故填by。
42．考查形容词。句意：他们计划在天宫站工作六个月，在那里他们将进行太空行走、科学和技术任务。以及教育讲座。根据空格后的名词lectures可知，空格前应填形容词作定语，结合句意“教育的”是educational。故填educational。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，天舟六号机器人货运飞船将在五月与天宫对接，为机组人员运送必需品。will dock为谓语动词，空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to transport。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：太空探索技术专家庞志浩表示，从神舟十五号任务开始，中国宇航员将比以前花更多的时间进行科学实验和技术测试。will spend 在宾语从句中作谓语，空格处应填非谓语动词在宾语从句中作状语，逻辑主语Chinese astronauts和动词start之间构成主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填starting。
45．考查形容词的比较级。句意：太空探索技术专家庞志浩表示，从神舟十五号任务开始，中国宇航员将比以前花更多的时间进行科学实验和技术测试。根据连词 than可知，空格处应用形容词的比较级作定语修饰名词time，结合句意“更多的”是more。故填more。
46．考查固定句型。句意：政府已经明确表示，空间站是一个致力于科学技术的‘国家空间基础实验室’。”庞说。空格处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为that引导的从句，构成形式宾语的句型：动词+it+宾语补足语+that从句。故填it。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府已经明确表示，空间站是一个致力于科学技术的‘国家空间基础实验室’。”庞说。is为系动词，空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，be devoted to为固定短语，意为“致力于”，作非谓语动词后需要去掉be动词，故空格处应用过去分词形式。故填devoted。
48．考查名词的数，句意：自其他17个国家的9个联合科学项目已被选中在天宫上执行，第一个项目预计将由神舟十五号或十六号任务的机组人员执行。根据空格前的代词 other可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式作from的宾语，nation为可数名词。故填nations。
49．考查定语从句。句意：将有一些科学家被选为中国第三代宇航员，”庞补充道，“他们正在接受广泛的训练。”空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词scientists，在从句中作主语，指人，应用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
50．考查动词时态。句意：将有一些科学家被选为中国第三代宇航员，”庞补充道，“他们正在接受广泛的训练。”空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时。故填added。
51．1. the→ an
2. ourselves→ us
3. carried→ carrying
4. give→ gave
5. piece后加of
6. what→ how
7.去掉then
8. Eventual→ Eventually
9. picture→ pictures
10. so→ such
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了班级组织的活动——捏泥人，讲解了捏泥人的步骤等。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：为了丰富我们的学校生活，上周五老师邀请了一位老人来教我们如何制作泥人。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；old为元音音素开头，用an。故将the改为an。
2. 考查代词。句意：为了丰富我们的学校生活，上周五老师邀请了一位老人来教我们如何制作泥人。担当动词teach的宾语，用代词的宾格形式。故将ourselves改为us。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那个人一走进教室，两个男孩拿着他的工具箱，我们就热烈欢迎他。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，动词carry和宾语two boys之间为主动关系，用动词的ving形式。故将carried改为carrying。
4. 考查时态。句意：那个人一走进教室，两个男孩拿着他的工具箱，我们就热烈欢迎他。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故将give改为gave。
5. 考查固定搭配。句意：后来，他拿起一块粘土，一步一步地向我们展示如何制作泥人。固定搭配：a piece of，意为“一块”。故在piece后加of。
6. 考查疑问代词。句意：后来，他拿起一块粘土，一步一步地向我们展示如何制作泥人。根据句意可知，这位老人是向我们展示如何制作泥人，用how而不是what。故将what改为how。
7. 考查副词。句意：接下来，我们试着自己制作泥人。根据句意可指，此句指的是“接下来”，用next。故将then去掉。
8. 考查副词。句意：最后，我们把泥人放在桌子上，和老人拍了一些照片。担当本句状语，用副词形式。故将Eventual改为Eventually。
9. 考查名词的数。句意：最后，我们把泥人放在桌子上，和老人拍了一些照片。根据picture前的修饰词some可知，此处的picture用复数形式。故将picture改为pictures。
10.考查固定搭配。句意：这是一个令人兴奋的活动，我们玩得非常开心。固定搭配：such + an + adj. + n. + that…，意为“如此……以至于……”。故将so改为such。
52．
Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
Chinese paper cutting, which can be seen in different parts of China, has a long history. Many people are fond of it. People in northern parts of China do well in making them. They cut paper into different shapes like birds, animals, flowers and so on. Chinese paper cutting is not only beautiful but also very useful. People usually put them on doors or windows when they celebrate something happy especially for the Spring Festival.
As one of the outstanding representatives of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese Paper Cutting has received more and more attention and love.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生为2023驻华外交官“发现中国之旅”将举行文化推介征文活动，写短文推荐中国传统文化并要求写推介理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不同的：different→diverse
杰出的：outstanding →excellent
擅长：do well in →be good at
喜欢：be fond of →enjoy
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
拓展句：Since I learn that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Chinese paper cutting, which can be seen in different parts of China, has a long history.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
San Francisco’s World Famous Fire Engine Tours
Classic Fire Engine Tour
Running: Year Round
Duration: 90 Minutes
Departing:11:00am,1:00pm,3:00pm
Description: Our classic award winning Fire Engine Tour.
Enjoy riding high on our 90-minute tours over the Golden Gate Bridge. Experience San Francisco and its iconic(象征性的)sights on a unique fire engine. On our fun-filled trip you will start at Fisherman’s Wharf, travel the City’s streets, across the Golden Gate Bridge to Fort Baker on the suburbs of Sausalito and up to the Marin Headlands.
Holiday Lights Tour
Running: December
Duration:75-90 Minutes
Departing: 5:45 pm，7:45 pm,9:30pm
Description: Celebrate the season with Christmas Carols and fun facts as you tour downtown San Francisco. The Embarcadero, and Union Square.(Tour does not cross the Golden Gate Bridge)
Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour Package
Running: Year Round
Description: Get all the sights and fun of our Classic Fire Engine Tour then add the one and only Alcatraz Island Tour with Audio(音频)。
Prices:
Adults $103
Teens (ages 13-17)$93
Children (ages 6-12)$48
Kids(ages 0-5)$35
San Francisco Winery Tour
Running: Year Round
Duration:120 Minutes
Departing: Private charter(许可)only
Description: This delicious tour goes through San Francisco on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours (on the house) of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.
1． What can a tourist do on Classic Fire Engine Tour?
A．Ride different vehicles. B．Take a tour with Audio.
C．Visit the Golden Gate Bridge. D．Feel Christmas atmosphere.
2．How much will a couple with a child aged 10 pay for Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour
Package?
A．$254. B．$299. C．$312. D．$206.
3．Where can you have a good taste of the local wine?
A．Treasure Island. B．Alcatraz Island.
C．The Embarcadero. D．Fisherman’s Wharf.
Amelia Lisowe is 12 years old. She has a lot going on, but she still finds time to brighten the world of foster children. In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system. Foster care is when children are placed in another home. This happens when their families cannot take care of them or it is too dangerous. “Sometimes foster kids have to leave in the middle of the night because of neglect, abuse or drugs,” said Amelia.“Having that night lights makes it more comfortable in a new house where they may not know anybody.”
When she was just 8 years old, Amelia searched for places to volunteer. But she kept being turned away. Adults said she was too young.“I felt kind of defeated, because I love to volunteer,“ she said. One day her mother mentioned that foster children occasionally have to leave their homes overnight. Amelia began thinking of her own fear of the dark.“I couldn’t imagine being in a new home and being in that darkness.” Amelia said. She told a school counselor about her idea of collecting night lights for foster children. Her school hosted a drive collecting $1 donations. Lisowe’s Lights grew from there.
Amelia has made a big difference worldwide. Her lights have gone as far as England, Poland, Ukraine, France and New Zealand. In February 2023,Lisowe’s Lights launched(启动)an Ambassadors of Light program. The program encourages young people to get involved with the foster care system.
Rachel Hubbard, a former foster parent, called the night lights a wonderful blessing. “They are a big help to kids who are sleeping in a new place,” she said. A foster care group said the night lights are the first thing the kids always pull out of their bags. “They can just see the smiles on their faces.“Amelia said
“It’s surreal how much Lisowe’s Lights has grown,” said Amelia’s mother. The group has sent more than 15,000 lights to children. She is very proud of her daughter. “People don’t think about being afraid of the dark when they stay somewhere new, Lauren Lisowe said. Amelia had an idea and followed through with it. To be able to make such an impact ”has been a really neat experience”.
4．What’s the purpose of Lisowe Lights?
A．To prevent hurts in children’s families.
B．To provide comfort for the foster children
C．To help the foster care take care of children.
D．To collect donations for the foster care system.
5．What’s Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The reason why Amelia was refused.
B．The influence Amelia’s mother had on her.
C．The disappointing volunteer experience Amelia had.
D．The inspiration Amelia got to set up Lisowe’s Lights.
6．What does the underlined word “surreal” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Reasonable. B．Normal. C．Amazing. D．Realistic.
7．What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．Lighting Nights for Children
B．Brightening Life for Foster Children
C．Calling on More People to Volunteer
D．Providing Necessities for Foster Children
The Amazon rainforest contains about 2.8 million square miles of jungle. That’s 7.2 million square kilometers. Humans are transforming the Amazon. In fact, it has now become another climate change contributor. Normally, forests absorb huge amounts of carbon dioxide(CO2) gas. By absorbing CO2 forests keep it out of the atmosphere. This is important, because CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning that it traps heat in the atmosphere.
In the past 30 years, humans have contributed to greenhouse gas pollution. This pollution comes from burning fuels such as coal and oil. Finally, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to warmer global temperatures over time which contributes to climate change. Now, scientists in Brazil found that the Amazon is releasing(释放)more CO2 than it is absorbing, which has never happened before. In July 2021, the scientists published their findings.
For their study, the scientists looked at nearly 600 CO2 measurements. They took them from four sites in the Brazilian Amazon between 2010 to 2018. Using these measurements the scientists found that most of the CO2 that the Amazon releases is from wildfires, many of which are started by people. They create fires to clear land for farming and other work. But when trees burn, they release CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
The worst spot is the eastern Amazon. It has become hotter, drier and more likely to have fires. That’s because the eastern Amazon has seen greater amounts of deforestation. or removal of trees. The result is more greenhouse gas emissions (排放) from fires.
Luciana Gatti, a scientist at Brazil’s National Institute for Space Research, said that fires in the Amazon make around three times more CO2 than the forest can absorb. She also explained that the Amazon releases much more CO2 in places with greater amounts of deforestation (毁林). Gatti’s team also found some better news. While the eastern Amazon has become a source for releasing carbon, the western Amazon has not. It is balanced This means it has healthy forests that can absorb the same amount of CO2 that fires release.
Gatti said that if we could stop fires in the Amazon, then the forest might even become a carbon sink. This is a place that absorbs more CO2 than it releases. She said that limiting deforestation and wildfires is key to turning this dangerous trend around.
8．What can we learn about the Amazon rainforest from Paragraph 1?
A．It is becoming hotter and drier. B．It can trap heat by absorbing CO2.
C．It matters in regulating the climate. D．It releases more CO2 into the atmosphere.
9．What has happened in the recent decades in the Amazon?
A．Natural wildfires release most of the CO2 .
B．Humans’ activities result in climate change.
C．Humans have dealt with greenhouse gas pollution.
D．The Amazon is absorbing more CO2 than it is releasing
10．Which statement does Luciana Gatti agree with?
A．Both the eastern and the western Amazon face the challenge.
B．The western Amazon has seen greater amounts of deforestation.
C．The key to approaching the present situation is to limit the wildfires.
D．The fires in the Amazon make about twice more CO2 than it can absorb.
11．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．An alarming phenomenon. B．A disappearing forest.
C．An excellent scientist. D．A sad prediction.
Plenty of kids like to play video games. But is gaming good or bad for their brains? Scientists from the University of Vermont recently found that video games could offer some benefits to the mind. Their study found that gamers did better than non-gamers on two mental tasks.
Bader Chaarania neuroscientist (神经学家), who helped lead the new research, said that scientists have looked at kids who play video games in the past. But many of their studies did not have good sample (样本) sizes. So, Chaarani and his team worked with data, or information, from 2,217 children. All of these children participated in a much larger study. Chaarani’s team just used the information from that study.
The scientists looked at two groups of kids in the study. One group was the non gamer group while the other was the gamer group. All of the kids had their brains scanned with an fMRI scanner at age 9 or 10.The kids did two tasks while in the fMRI scanner The first task was to press a right or left arrow on a computer when they were given instructions, which tested their ability to quickly act. The second task was to remember facial expressions in pictures on the screen. The scientists recorded the time they used, which tested what’s known as working memory.
The results matched the brain scans. For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination (协调) were less active in gamers than non-gamers. Chaarani said that’s likely from practice. It’s like using a muscle. Gamers’ brains seem to have become stronger in this area. So they didn’t need to work as hard to respond to the images viewed on the screen.
Fran Blumberg who studies children’s attention and problem —solving skills agreed with the result of the study but he also advised Chaarani to collect more data as the kids get older. Then he can see whether their skills — and brains — change over time.
12．How was the new research different from those in the past?
A．All the kids had their brains scanned.
B．The kids completed two mental tasks.
C．The number of the kids was much larger
D．The study was led by a famous neuroscientist.
13．Why did the scientists use an fMRI scanner in the study?
A．To test kids’ ability to quickly act.
B．To help the kids complete the two tasks.
C．To record what gamers saw and did in the two tasks.
D．To check if specific brain areas of gamers were more active.
14．Which is the result of Chaarani’s study?
A．Gamers used more time in the 2nd task
B．Gamers were not so active as non-gamers.
C．Gamers had better memory than non-gamers
D．Gamers acted as slowly as non-gamers in the 1st task
15．What is Fran Blumberg’s attitude towards the study?
A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Cautious. D．Uninterested.
二、七选五
How to make a tastier chocolate?
A group of scientists in the Netherlands have been experimenting with a method to make chocolate more of a “treat” than ever.____16____ The scientists want to know why. But their study focused on how chocolate splits when you bite it.
“To improve how chocolate feels in the mouth, we gave geometry to chocolate,”
Coulais, a member of the group, said.____17____ Geometry is a branch of mathematics, dealing with shapes and their characters. Coulais and his team used a 3D printer to layer dark chocolate in various ways.____18____They printed another in super-thin zigzagged(之字形的)layers. They also printed chocolates in complicated spirals(复杂的螺旋形)The resulting pieces were fed to ten eager volunteers.
The crunchiest(松脆的)-while remaining easy to bite-was the one made into complicated spirals. It was also the top-tasting experience“More crunchiness meant that people tended to like it more," Coulais said.
____19____ They wanted to find out which chocolate was the crunchiest. The general winner remained that spiral.
However, the spiral is not necessarily the best shape possible. Coulais thought it was just the best out of the few the scientists tested.____20____
Coulais says it is too early to say whether chocolate will soon be made differently thanks to this research. He is working with a couple of organizations. They are studying how it might be applied.
A．It could also make treats even tastier.
B．Chocolate is delicious for many reasons.
C．This would then change the way it breaks.
D．The scientists printed one chocolate in a simple S-shape.
E．A machine is used to make a 3D object from digital files.
F．And there would be better ones if we would search more.
G．The scientists also used a machine to split the various chocolate shapes.
三、完形填空
On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.He was running in the name of charity(慈善机构),____21____ more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria, just shy of his £1 million fundraising ____22____.
The father-of-three often ____23____ his 26.2-mile route in the morning before going to____24____ as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield. This wasn’t just about____25____ the pavement, but also for the charity. McKee had more than 20 pairs of worn-out sneakers to____26____ it.
He ____27____ the 365th marathon on a rainy New Year’s Eve to the sound of____28____from an enthusiastic crowd of hundreds, who turned out____29____the weather was terrible.“The streets were_____30_____ . It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting. It was_____31_____seeing everybody there. It’s something I’ll always_____32_____.” The 53-year-old told the BBC afterward.
McKee _____33_____a total of more than 9,500 miles, and this was an “unbelievable_____34_____,”Hayley McKay, director of funding and communications for Hospice At Home West Cumbria, told BBC News.“The physical and mental_____35_____ he has shown is incomprehensible. I can only imagine the_____36_____required to achieve this. And there aren’t enough words to express our heartfelt_____37_____for everything that he has done to help people living with cancer at a time when they_____38_____us more than ever.”
Gary has not only raised money for two charities, he has brought_____39_____to the local community(社区) and brought people together_____40_____him with the challenge.
21．A．charging B．giving C．raising D．winning
22．A．target B．trick C．reward D．event
23．A．ran B．lost C．changed D．outlined
24．A．arrange B．work C．manage D．order
25．A．patting B．building C．hitting D．mending
26．A．explain B．perfect C．match D．prove
27．A．assessed B．prepared C．completed D．celebrated
28．A．smile B．whistle C．laughter D．applause
29．A．but B．though C．once D．because
30．A．lined B．cleaned C．broadened D．decorated
31．A．adequate B．admirable C．fantastic D．natural
32．A．repeat B．express C．command D．remember
33．A．signed up B．tried for C．came to know D．ended up with
34．A．challenge B．try C．step D．contribution
35．A．skill B．strength C．stress D．benefit
36．A．bond B．training C．will D．function
37．A．welcome B．appreciation C．satisfaction D．sympathy
38．A．need B．reach C．concern D．join
39．A．profit B．magic C．victory D．anecdote
40．A．praising B．reminding C．providing D．supporting
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China will launch (发射) two crews to work on its Tiangong space station this year, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
Both crews will consist of three astronauts and will be launched into space ____41____ Long March 2F carrier. They are scheduled to work at the Tiangong station for six months, where they will conduct spacewalks, scientific and technological tasks. and ____42____ (education) lectures.
In addition, the Tianzhou 6 robotic cargo (货运) spaceship will dock (对接) with Tiangong in May____43____ (transport) necessities for the crew.
Pang Zhihao, an expert on space exploration technology, said that____44____(start) from the Shenzhou XV mission, Chinese astronauts will spend ____45____ (much) time on scientific experiments and technological tests than before.
“The government has made____46____clear that the space station is a ‘national space based laboratory’ ____47____(devote) to science and technology.” said Pang.
Nine joint science projects from 17 other____48____ (nation) have been selected to be carried out aboard Tiangong, and the first ones are expected to be conducted by the crew of the Shen-zhou XV or XVI missions.
“The composition of future flight crews will also be different. There will be scientists____49____ have been selected as members of China’s third generation of astronauts,”and Pang _____50_____(add),“They are experiencing extensive training.”
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
In order to enrich our school life, our teacher invited the old man to teach ourselves how to make clay figures last Friday. As soon as the man entered the classroom, with two boys carried his tool box, we give him a warm welcome. Later he picked up a piece clay and showed us step by step what to make clay figures. Next then we tried to make clay figures on our own. Eventual we put the clay figures on the desk and took some picture with the old man. It was so an exciting activity that we enjoyed ourselves very much.
六、其他应用文
52．2023驻华外交官“发现中国之旅”将举行文化推介征文活动。请你根据下面提示用英语写篇短文，参加活动。
1.介绍推介的文化；
2.推介理由。
注意:词数100左右。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了和旧金山世界著名消防车之旅相关的四个旅游景点的基本情况。
1．细节理解题。根据Classic Fire Engine Tour小标题下的“Enjoy riding high on our 90-minute tours over the Golden Gate Bridge.”（在金门大桥上骑行90分钟，尽情享受。）可知，游客在经典消防车之旅中可以参观金门大桥。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据Fire Engine + Alcatraz Tour Package标题下“Adults $103”（成人103美元）及“Children (ages 6-12)$48”（儿童（6-12岁）48美元）可知，一对夫妻加一个十岁的孩子价格为：103*2+48=254美元。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据San Francisco Winery Tour小标题下“This delicious tour goes through San Francisco on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours (on the house) of the best wine San Francisco has to offer.”（这趟美味之旅途经旧金山，前往金银岛，在那里我们将停留在著名的酿酒厂旧金山。在这里，您可以免费享用旧金山提供的四杯最佳葡萄酒。）可知，你可以在金银岛上品尝美酒。故选A项。
4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了12岁的小女孩Amelia Lisowe创立非盈利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”的故事。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system.( 2018年，她创立了自己的非营利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”。它为寄养系统中的儿童提供夜间照明。)”以及其后的““Sometimes foster kids have to leave in the middle of the night because of neglect, abuse or drugs,” said Amelia. “Having that night lights makes it more comfortable in a new house where they may not know anybody.” (Amelia说：“有时寄养儿童因为被忽视、虐待或吸毒而不得不在半夜离开。在他们可能不认识任何人的新房子里，开着夜灯会让他们感觉更舒服。”)”可知，Lisowe Lights成立的目的是为了给寄养儿童提供安慰。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“When she was just 8 years old, Amelia searched for places to volunteer. But she kept being turned away. Adults said she was too young.“I felt kind of defeated, because I love to volunteer,“ she said. One day her mother mentioned that foster children occasionally have to leave their homes overnight. Amelia began thinking of her own fear of the dark.“I couldn’t imagine being in a new home and being in that darkness.” Amelia said. She told a school counselor about her idea of collecting night lights for foster children. Her school hosted a drive collecting $1 donations. Lisowe’s Lights grew from there.(当她只有8岁的时候，Amelia就开始寻找当志愿者的地方。但她一直被拒之门外。大人们说她太小了。“我觉得有点失败感，因为我喜欢做志愿者，”她说。有一天，她的母亲提到，寄养的孩子有时不得不离开家过夜。Amelia开始想到她自己对黑暗的恐惧。“我无法想象在一个新家生活在那样的黑暗中。”Amelia说。她向一位学校辅导员讲述了她为寄养儿童收集夜灯的想法。她的学校举办了一场募捐活动，募集1美元的捐款。Lisowe’s Lights就是从那里发展起来的。)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是Amelia是从何处获得灵感从而创立了Lisowe’s Lights。故选D。
6．词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“The group has sent more than 15,000 lights to children.(该组织已经为孩子们送去了15000多盏灯。)”可知，该组织发展迅速，已经为孩子们送去了15000多盏灯。由此判断，划线单词指的是“Lisowe’s Lights的发展速度令人震惊”。选项A“Reasonable (合理的)”；选项B“Normal (正常的)”；选项C“Amazing (令人惊叹的)”；选项D“Realistic (现实的)”。 故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In 2018, she founded her nonprofit organization Lisowe’s Lights. It provides night lights to children in the foster care system.(2018年，她创立了自己的非营利组织“Lisowe’s Lights”。它为寄养系统中的儿童提供夜间照明。)”以及第三段“In February 2023, Lisowe’s Lights launched(启动)an Ambassadors of Light program. The program encourages young people to get involved with the foster care system.(2023年2月，Lisowe’s Lights启动了“光之大使”计划。该项目鼓励年轻人加入寄养系统。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一个项目，该项目旨在为寄养儿童提供夜间照明。所以“Brightening Life for Foster Children(点亮寄养儿童的生活)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
8．C 9．B 10．C 11．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要，然而人类活动导致的野火让亚马逊释放二氧化碳。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Normally, forests absorb huge amounts of carbon dioxide(CO2) gas. By absorbing CO2 forests keep it out of the atmosphere. This is important, because CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning that it traps heat in the atmosphere.(正常情况下，森林吸收大量的二氧化碳气体。森林通过吸收二氧化碳使其远离大气。这一点很重要，因为二氧化碳是一种温室气体，这意味着它会将热量困在大气中)”可知，亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“In the past 30 years, humans have contributed to greenhouse gas pollution. This pollution comes from burning fuels such as coal and oil. Finally, greenhouse gases in the atmosphere lead to warmer global temperatures over time which contributes to climate change.(在过去的30年里，人类造成了温室气体污染。这种污染来自燃烧煤和石油等燃料。最后，随着时间的推移，大气中的温室气体会导致全球气温升高，从而导致气候变化)”可知，近几十年来，人类活动导致气候变化。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Gatti said that if we could stop fires in the Amazon, then the forest might even become a carbon sink. This is a place that absorbs more CO2 than it releases. She said that limiting deforestation and wildfires is key to turning this dangerous trend around.( Gatti说，如果我们能阻止亚马逊的火灾，那么森林甚至可能成为碳汇。这个地方吸收的二氧化碳比释放的要多。她说，限制森林砍伐和野火是扭转这一危险趋势的关键)”可推知，Luciana Gatti同意“解决目前情况的关键是限制野火”的说法。故选C。
11．主旨大意题。根据第三段“For their study, the scientists looked at nearly 600 CO2 measurements. They took them from four sites in the Brazilian Amazon between 2010 to 2018. Using these measurements the scientists found that most of the CO2 that the Amazon releases is from wildfires, many of which are started by people. They create fires to clear land for farming and other work. But when trees burn, they release CO2 and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.(在他们的研究中，科学家们观察了近600个二氧化碳测量值。他们在2010年至2018年期间从巴西亚马逊的四个地点拍摄了这些照片。通过这些测量，科学家们发现亚马逊释放的大部分二氧化碳来自野火，其中许多是由人类引起的。他们生火来清理耕地和其他工作用地。但是当树木燃烧时，它们会向大气中释放二氧化碳和其他温室气体)”结合文章主要说明了亚马逊雨林对调节气候很重要，然而人类活动导致的野火让亚马逊释放二氧化碳。可知，这篇文章主要讲了一个令人担忧的现象。故选A。
12．C 13．D 14．C 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了佛蒙特大学的科学家最近发现，电子游戏可以给大脑带来一些好处。
12．推理判断题。根据第二段“But many of their studies did not have good sample sizes. So, Chaarani and his team worked with data, or information, from 2,217 children. All of these children participated in a much larger study.”（但他们的许多研究都没有很好的样本量。因此，沙拉尼和他的团队研究了2217名儿童的数据或信息。所有这些孩子都参加了一项规模更大的研究。）可知，之前的研究没有好的样本数量，说明之前研究的孩子人数少，新的研究和过去的研究不同的是孩子们的数量要多得多。故选C项。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“The results matched the brain scans. For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination were less active in gamers than non-gamers.”（结果与脑部扫描结果相符。对于他们观察的孩子来说，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃，游戏玩家的脑中参与手眼协调的区域不如非游戏玩家活跃。）可知，学家们在研究中使用了功能磁共振扫描仪的原因是检查游戏玩家的特定大脑区域是否更活跃。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段“For the kids they looked at, areas of the brain involved in working memory, attention and problem solving were more active in gamers Areas of the brain involved in hand-eye coordination were less active in gamers than non-gamers.”（对于他们观察的孩子来说，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃。游戏玩家的脑中参与手眼协调的区域不如非游戏玩家活跃。）可知，游戏玩家的大脑中参与工作记忆、注意力和解决问题的区域更活跃，说明沙拉尼的研究结果表明玩家比非玩家有更好的记忆力。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Fran Blumberg who studies children’s attention and problem —solving skills agreed with the result of the study but he also advised Chaarani to collect more data as the kids get older. Then he can see whether their skills — and brains — change over time.”（研究儿童注意力和解决问题技能的Fran Blumberg同意这项研究的结果，但他也建议沙拉尼随着孩子年龄的增长收集更多的数据。然后他可以看到他们的技能和大脑是否会随着时间的推移而改变。）可知，Fran Blumberg要求沙拉尼收集更多数据，说明他对于这个研究的态度是谨慎的。故选C项。
16．B 17．C 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过3D打印技术并使用机器进行研究，发现螺旋状的巧克力吃起来在所有测试的形状中口感最好。
16．下文“The scientists want to know why. (科学家们想知道原因)”可知，空格处应该讲述巧克力好吃得原因。所以B项“巧克力好吃有很多原因”构成因果关系，形成内容上的承接，指出由于巧克力好吃，科学家才想知道原因。故选B项。
17．上文““To improve how chocolate feels in the mouth, we gave geometry to chocolate,”(“为了改善巧克力在口腔中的感觉，我们给巧克力赋予了几何形状。”)”说明研究者将巧克力做成不同的几何形状，是C项“这将改变它的断裂方式”的原因，解释了因为巧克力不同形状会造成结果就是巧克力的断裂方式发生转变。故选C项。
18．上文“Coulais and his team used a 3D printer to layer dark chocolate in various ways.(Coulais和他的团队使用3D打印机以各种方式将黑巧克力分层)”对下文的概括总结，D项“科学家们把一块巧克力印成了简单的S形”是对上文的举例说明。故选D项。
19．下文“They wanted to find out which chocolate was the crunchiest. The general winner remained that spiral.(他们想知道哪种巧克力最脆。总的赢家仍然是螺旋式的)”中的they指代的是G项“科学家们还使用机器将各种形状的巧克力分开”中的The scientists，G项和下文之间构成内容上的承接，指出科学家还用了机器操作，得出结论最脆的巧克力形状是螺旋状的。故选G项。
20．上文“However, the spiral is not necessarily the best shape possible. Coulais thought it was just the best out of the few the scientists tested.(然而，螺旋状并不一定是最好的形状。Coulais认为这只是少数科学家测试中最好的一个)”和F项“如果我们能搜索更多，就会有更好的”构成内容上的递进，指出螺旋状只是科学家测试中最好的一个，推断出如果我们能搜索更多，也许会找到更好的形状。故选F项。
21．C 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】只是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加里·麦基通过以在2022年全年跑马拉松的方式为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱，帮助那些有需要的癌症患者，他的行为受到了人们的支持和感激的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他以慈善的名义参加竞选，为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹集了40多万英镑的资金，还没达到100万英镑的筹款目标。A. charging付费；B. giving给予；C. raising筹集；D. winning赢得。根据后文“more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria”可知，加里·麦基在为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱。故选C项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他以慈善的名义参加竞选，为西坎布里亚州的麦克米伦癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹集了40多万英镑的资金，还没达到100万英镑的筹款目标。A. target目标；B. trick诡计；C. reward回报；D. event事件。根据前文“just shy of his £1 million fundraising”可知，他的筹款没达到100万英镑，说明100万英镑的筹款是他的目标。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位三个孩子的父亲经常在早上跑26.2英里的路程，然后作为组长前往塞拉菲尔德核电站工作。A. ran跑；B. lost丢失；C. changed改变；D. outlined概述。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基每天都要跑步，推断出他经常在早晨跑26.2英里的路程。故选A项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位三个孩子的父亲经常在早上跑26.2英里的路程，然后作为组长前往塞拉菲尔德核电站工作。A. arrange安排；B. work工作；C. manage管理；D. order命令。根据后文“as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield”可知，麦基在塞拉菲尔德核电站当组长，说明他在那里工作。故选B项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是不被解雇，也是为了慈善事业。A. patting拍；B. building建立；C. hitting打击；D. mending修理。根据前文“as group leader at nuclear site Sellafield”可知，加里有工作，他每天跑步去上班不仅仅是为了不被解雇，hit the pavement为固定短语，意为“不被解雇”，符合句意。故选C项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：麦基有20多双破旧的运动鞋来证明这一点。A. explain解释；B. perfect使完美；C. match匹配；D. prove证明。根据前文“McKee had more than 20 pairs of worn-out sneakers”可知，麦基跑坏了20多双鞋，是他每天跑步的证明。故选D项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. assessed评定；B. prepared准备；C. completed完成；D. celebrated庆祝。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基实现了在2022年每天跑步的目标，推断出他完成了第365场跑步。故选C项。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. smile微笑；B. whistle口哨；C. laughter大笑；D. applause掌声。根据后文“It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，人们都在鼓掌和尖叫，说明观众们发出了掌声。故选D项。
29．考查连词词义辨析。句意：在一个下雨的除夕夜，他完成了第365场马拉松比赛，数百名热情的观众发出了掌声，尽管天气很糟糕，但他们还是出来了。A. but但是；B. though尽管；C. once一旦；D. because因为。引导状语从句，前后句之间是转折关系，应用though表示这种关系。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们沿街道排成一排。A. lined排队；B. cleaned清理；C. broadened扩大；D. decorated装饰。根据前文“an enthusiastic crowd of hundreds”几千名热情的观众，推断出人们沿着街道排成一排在观看他跑步。故选A项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个人都在那里真是太棒了。A. adequate足够的；B. admirable令人羡慕的；C. fantastic极好的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“seeing everybody there”可知，麦基看见很多人在为他鼓掌欢呼时他的感觉是极好的。故选C项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我永远记得的事情。A. repeat重复；B. express表达；C. command命令；D. remember记住。根据前文“It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，人们在雨夜为他欢呼庆祝他完成第365次跑步，这是一件令麦基难忘的事情。故选D项。
33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：麦基最终跑了9500多英里，这是一个“难以置信的挑战”A. signed up报名；B. tried for尝试过；C. came to know开始知道；D. ended up with以……结束。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基完成了一年的跑步，说明他最终跑了9500多英里。故选D项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦基最终跑了9500多英里，这是一个“难以置信的挑战”A. challenge挑战；B. try尝试；C. step步伐；D. contribution贡献。根据前文“McKee ____13____a total of more than 9,500 miles”可知，麦基一共跑了9500多英里，这是一个很长的距离，推断出这是难以置信的挑战。故选A项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他所表现出的身体和精神上的力量令人无法理解。A. skill技巧；B. strength力量；C. stress压力；D. benefit益处。根据前文“The physical and mental”及结合常识可知，跑步需要身体和精神上的力量。故选B项。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只能想象实现这一目标所需的毅力。A. bond联系；B. training训练；C. will毅力；D. function功能。根据前文“On Dec. 31. Gary McKee achieved his goal of running a marathon on every day of2022.”可知，麦基跑了整整一年时间，这是一件非常需要毅力的事情。故选C项。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在癌症患者比以往任何时候都更需要我们的时候，他为帮助他们所做的一切都无法用言语表达我们的衷心感谢。A. welcome欢迎；B. appreciation感激；C. satisfaction满意；D. sympathy同情心。根据后文“for everything that he has done to help people living with cancer at a time”可知，对于他为帮助癌症患者所做的一切，推断出海莉·麦凯是想要表示衷心的感谢。故选B项。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在癌症患者比以往任何时候都更需要我们的时候，他为帮助他们所做的一切都无法用言语表达我们的衷心感谢。A. need需要；B. reach达到；C. concern关注；D. join参加。根据前文“____1____ more than £400,000 for Macmillan Cancer Support and Hospice in West Cumbria”可知，麦基为癌症支持和临终关怀中心筹钱，根据常识，癌症患者在临终关怀中心说明已经病情严重了，推断出他们更加需要我们的帮助。故选A项。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gary不仅为两家慈善机构筹集了资金，还为当地社区带来了魔力并将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战。A. profit利益；B. magic魔法；C. victory胜利；D. anecdote轶事。根据后文“brought people together____20____him with the challenge.”可知，他让将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战说明他是有魔力的。故选B项。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gary不仅为两家慈善机构筹集了资金，还为当地社区带来了魔力并将人们聚集在一起支持他接受挑战。A. praising练习；B. reminding提醒；C. providing提供；D. supporting支持。根据前文“The streets were____10____ . It was raining, but everybody was out clapping and shouting.”可知，他能通过跑步这件事让人们都聚集在一起支持他的行动。故选D项。
41．by 42．educational 43．to transport 44．starting 45．more 46．it 47．devoted 48．nations 49．who/that 50．added
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了中国今年将发射两组宇航员前往天宫空间站工作，以及他们工作的内容、补给以及未来要执行的任务。
41．考查介词。句意：两组人员由三名宇航员组成，并将由长征二号F运载火箭发射升空。根据谓语will be launched可知，本句为一般将来时的被动语态，by后强调动作的发出者，根据句意可知，谓语的发出者为Long March 2F carrier，应用by连接。故填by。
42．考查形容词。句意：他们计划在天宫站工作六个月，在那里他们将进行太空行走、科学和技术任务。以及教育讲座。根据空格后的名词lectures可知，空格前应填形容词作定语，结合句意“教育的”是educational。故填educational。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，天舟六号机器人货运飞船将在五月与天宫对接，为机组人员运送必需品。will dock为谓语动词，空格处应填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to transport。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：太空探索技术专家庞志浩表示，从神舟十五号任务开始，中国宇航员将比以前花更多的时间进行科学实验和技术测试。will spend 在宾语从句中作谓语，空格处应填非谓语动词在宾语从句中作状语，逻辑主语Chinese astronauts和动词start之间构成主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填starting。
45．考查形容词的比较级。句意：太空探索技术专家庞志浩表示，从神舟十五号任务开始，中国宇航员将比以前花更多的时间进行科学实验和技术测试。根据连词 than可知，空格处应用形容词的比较级作定语修饰名词time，结合句意“更多的”是more。故填more。
46．考查固定句型。句意：政府已经明确表示，空间站是一个致力于科学技术的‘国家空间基础实验室’。”庞说。空格处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为that引导的从句，构成形式宾语的句型：动词+it+宾语补足语+that从句。故填it。
47．考查非谓语动词。句意：政府已经明确表示，空间站是一个致力于科学技术的‘国家空间基础实验室’。”庞说。is为系动词，空格处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，be devoted to为固定短语，意为“致力于”，作非谓语动词后需要去掉be动词，故空格处应用过去分词形式。故填devoted。
48．考查名词的数，句意：自其他17个国家的9个联合科学项目已被选中在天宫上执行，第一个项目预计将由神舟十五号或十六号任务的机组人员执行。根据空格前的代词 other可知，空格处应填名词的复数形式作from的宾语，nation为可数名词。故填nations。
49．考查定语从句。句意：将有一些科学家被选为中国第三代宇航员，”庞补充道，“他们正在接受广泛的训练。”空格处引导定语从句修饰先行词scientists，在从句中作主语，指人，应用who/that引导从句。故填who/that。
50．考查动词时态。句意：将有一些科学家被选为中国第三代宇航员，”庞补充道，“他们正在接受广泛的训练。”空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时。故填added。
51．1. the→ an
2. ourselves→ us
3. carried→ carrying
4. give→ gave
5. piece后加of
6. what→ how
7.去掉then
8. Eventual→ Eventually
9. picture→ pictures
10. so→ such
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了班级组织的活动——捏泥人，讲解了捏泥人的步骤等。
【详解】1. 考查冠词。句意：为了丰富我们的学校生活，上周五老师邀请了一位老人来教我们如何制作泥人。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；old为元音音素开头，用an。故将the改为an。
2. 考查代词。句意：为了丰富我们的学校生活，上周五老师邀请了一位老人来教我们如何制作泥人。担当动词teach的宾语，用代词的宾格形式。故将ourselves改为us。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：那个人一走进教室，两个男孩拿着他的工具箱，我们就热烈欢迎他。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，动词carry和宾语two boys之间为主动关系，用动词的ving形式。故将carried改为carrying。
4. 考查时态。句意：那个人一走进教室，两个男孩拿着他的工具箱，我们就热烈欢迎他。根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故将give改为gave。
5. 考查固定搭配。句意：后来，他拿起一块粘土，一步一步地向我们展示如何制作泥人。固定搭配：a piece of，意为“一块”。故在piece后加of。
6. 考查疑问代词。句意：后来，他拿起一块粘土，一步一步地向我们展示如何制作泥人。根据句意可知，这位老人是向我们展示如何制作泥人，用how而不是what。故将what改为how。
7. 考查副词。句意：接下来，我们试着自己制作泥人。根据句意可指，此句指的是“接下来”，用next。故将then去掉。
8. 考查副词。句意：最后，我们把泥人放在桌子上，和老人拍了一些照片。担当本句状语，用副词形式。故将Eventual改为Eventually。
9. 考查名词的数。句意：最后，我们把泥人放在桌子上，和老人拍了一些照片。根据picture前的修饰词some可知，此处的picture用复数形式。故将picture改为pictures。
10.考查固定搭配。句意：这是一个令人兴奋的活动，我们玩得非常开心。固定搭配：such + an + adj. + n. + that…，意为“如此……以至于……”。故将so改为such。
52．
Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
Chinese paper cutting, which can be seen in different parts of China, has a long history. Many people are fond of it. People in northern parts of China do well in making them. They cut paper into different shapes like birds, animals, flowers and so on. Chinese paper cutting is not only beautiful but also very useful. People usually put them on doors or windows when they celebrate something happy especially for the Spring Festival.
As one of the outstanding representatives of Chinese traditional culture, Chinese Paper Cutting has received more and more attention and love.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生为2023驻华外交官“发现中国之旅”将举行文化推介征文活动，写短文推荐中国传统文化并要求写推介理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不同的：different→diverse
杰出的：outstanding →excellent
擅长：do well in →be good at
喜欢：be fond of →enjoy
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
拓展句：Since I learn that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that the “Journey to Discover China” will hold a cultural promotion essay solicitation activity, I recommend Chinese paper cutting.（运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】Chinese paper cutting, which can be seen in different parts of China, has a long history.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
相关试卷
2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题（含答案）： 这是一份2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题（含答案），共12页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
河南省济洛平许2023届高三第四次质量检测英语试卷+答案： 这是一份河南省济洛平许2023届高三第四次质量检测英语试卷+答案，共7页。
2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题： 这是一份2023届河南省济洛平许高三第四次质量检测英语试题，文件包含河南省济洛平洛2023年高三第四次质量检测英语试题pdf、英语答案pdf等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共7页， 欢迎下载使用。
