2023届湖北省武汉市武昌区高三5月质量检测英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届湖北省武汉市武昌区高三5月质量检测英语试题（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届湖北省武汉市武昌区高三5月质量检测英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Overview
This amazing property sits on 5 acres, just 15 minutes from Redding. Has a full basketball court and an amazing swimming pool with a waterslide. Sleeps 12 people with 2 Kings,2 Queens, and 2 bunk bed sets. This is a shared property; the house is a completely separate home. Home has two separate cooking areas and living spaces, perfect for separating groups if needed. Hot bathtub is optional as well upon request. Everything is new and feels like you’re at a scenic spot. Please note: As this is a shared property, we screen all requests to find families/groups for the best fit for our family and a great fit for our guests, as well. We want everyone who stays here to enjoy themselves to the fullest. Pool is not and cannot be heated. Swimming is only during summer and early fall. We are required by Shasta County to charge a 10% rental tax.
Price
$440/Night
What This Rental Offers
Air Conditioning        Refrigerator        Microwave        Stove
Towels Provided        TV                Washer            Wi-Fi
Reviews
Amazing facilities!
We had 11 people staying in the house, we spent most of our time in the pool. They have a baseball field, tennis/basketball court, football/soccer field. Hanging beds around a fireplace. Truly spectacular place to stay.
Family Favorite!
Nice place! The house was clean, comfortable and well supplied. Very nice landscaping with lots of activities. We had fun playing tennis at the tennis court. Thanks for letting us stay at your property. We enjoyed our stay.
1．What can people do in the property?
A．Swim in winter. B．Wander at a scenic spot.
C．Cook in the living room. D．Play baseball in the court.
2．How much will it cost if a family check in on Friday and check out the next Monday?
A．$1936. B．$1760. C．$1452. D．$1320.
3．Where can we probably read this passage?
A．A trip website. B．A guide book. C．A housing contract. D．A travel brochure.

The Daintree rainforest is overflowing with flora (植物群) and fauna (动物群) not found anywhere else in the world. It is also believed to be the oldest continual area of tropical rainforest in existence. With more than half of the world’s rainforests already destroyed,  here’s why it is important to help support activities to ensure this impressing part of Australia can’t be developed.
HalfCut is an innovative charity created in 2017 which is helping to save the Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland. In fact, during the covid lockdowns of 2021, they helped raise more than $1.2 million for the Daintree “buy back” program which protected over 500,000 square metres of endangered Daintree rainforest. This is equal to 123.55 footbal fields worth of tropical rainforest.
Anyone wanting to support the protection of the Daintree is welcome by HalfCut. Created by James Standon-Cooke and life partner Jessie Clarke, this environmental activity is challenging you to cut off half of your hair, beard or moustache, since half stylish face makeup, baking goods, and even the odd half cut lawn have been popular more recently. If you feel like spending hundreds of dollars in colouring, then style your hair a different shade or braid (编) half of your hair, undercut or even get a normal haircut showing half of the length removed. Visit www. Go. HalfCut. org to share your new hairdo on social media with friends and family to help raise money. Every $2. 50 is one more square metre saved of the world’s oldest rainforest. It is up to you how long you stay halfcut. It may be for a day, a week or even a month. All money donated helps protect Daintree Rainforest in Far North Queensland which provides crucial habitat for many endangered species.
Don’t want to mess with your perfect hair? Then help spread the word by buying a HalfCut T-shirt, bag, hat or jacket and save 10 square metres of rainforest for life per purchase, or simply make a donation to this great cause. It is all about doing your bit to help to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.
4．Why do people protect the Daintree rainforest?
A．It hasn’t been developed. B．Half of it has been destroyed.
C．It has unique ecological diversity. D．It’s the biggest tropical rainforest.
5．What can we know about HalfCut according to the passage?
A．It has helped save 123. 55 football fields.
B．It raises money online for rainforest protection.
C．It leads the fashion trend in the hairdressing industry.
D．It donates $2. 50 to rainforest protection for each customer.
6．What do the last two paragraphs talk about?
A．The origin of HalfCut. B．The development of HalfCut.
C．The services offered by HalfCut. D．The ways people can get involved in HalfCut.
7．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To inform people of the achievements of HalfCut.
B．To advocate readers to support HalfCut and save forest.
C．To introduce current situation of the Daintree rainforest.
D．To raise government’s awareness of protecting environment.

As energy costs rise across Europe, some people are taking an opportunity to head off to warmer climates in order to cut down on bills. Greece is one of a number of countries trying to draw visitors in for the winter-with a $20 million advertising campaign.
Famous for its sun, golden beaches and medieval city, the island of Rhodes in the south Aegean Sea is a magnet(磁铁)for northern Europeans. More than three million flock to the island every summer, but some also come in the winter.
In order to capitalize on the energy crisis, the Greek government launched a series of winter tourism campaigns aimed at attracting European visitors seeking an alternative to the bitter cold and high energy bills. Places like Santorini, Crete and Rhodes were high on the list, as temperatures there remain in the high teens.
However, the campaign to advertise Greece abroad hasn’t attracted as many visitors as expected. “The campaign from the ministry is in the right direction-I think they’re doing things right,”says Dionissis Tsiligiris, tourism marketing director for the Rodos Palace hotel and convention center in Rhodes. “But when it comes to winter tourism, Spain will always be the first choice,”Tsiligiris continues. Hotels and tour operators there just have more exposure. So competing for winter tourism is very difficult, as it’s a smaller market.
While it’s true that fewer people travel abroad than in the summer,entering the winter market could seem quite easy when you have the two key ingredients-almost guaranteed sun and well-established tourist facilities. But what’s making it difficult, according to Ashley Quint, senior holiday designer at a UK travel agency, is the message the government is sending. “Tourist boards and local governments can overcomplicate things sometimes and the message doesn’t necessarily come across. In this case, there needs to be a simple and clear message. In addition, broadening it out a little bit may be better, because we see very little here. ”
It seems that making Greece a winter destination for travelers to enjoy and save might need more than just the attraction of warmer weather.
8．Why do some Europeans go to warmer countries for winter?
A．To avoid energy expense.
B．To decrease the heating fee.
C．To enjoy sunshine and beaches.
D．To explore winter travel options.
9．What mainly results in the disappointing result of Greece’s campaign?
A．Ministry’s poor marketing.
B．Operator’s limited exposure.
C．Tourists’ common preference.
D．Government’s inappropriate policies.
10．What should Greece’s campaign focus on according to Ashley Quint?
A．Sending the message globally.
B．Getting ideas easily understood.
C．Beating the potential competitors.
D．Advertising key tourist resources.
11．What might be the best title for the passage?
A．Greece Ready to Take Winter Tourist Market
B．Greece Confident to Win the Tourism Campaign
C．Greece Eager to Draw Winter Tourists to the Sun
D．Greece Determined to Be a Winter Tourist Destination

Do you have skinny genes? And I’m not talking about the pants you wore in college but can’t fit into anymore. No,skinny genes are factors found in folks who are naturally thin. And researchers have just identified one that appears to tell the body’s tissue to burn more fat.
“We all know these people who can eat whatever they want but never gain any weight. ”
Josef Penninger is a geneticist at the University of British Columbia. He says that individuals who are effortlessly thin may hold the key to understanding obesity. See, scientists interested in learning how we control our weight have traditionally focused on the things that make you fat, like diet or metabolism(新陈代谢). “But not really studied why people actually stay skinny. So we thought we’d just turn around the fields and study genetics of thinness. ”
Penninger and his colleagues started out by searching a database maintained by a genome center in Estonia for its most thin registrants. And they weeded out people who were listed as having anorexia(厌食症)or other conditions that change body fat. Then they looked for genetic markers that track with these Skinny Petes.
One gene, in particular, caught their eye: ALK, or the gene for anaplastic lymphoma kinase, is a stretch of DNA whose mutant(突变体)form has been associated with human cancers.
“But its normal function had never been established.” So the scientists made mutant fruit flies and mutant mice. “To really show that the gene associated with thinness in humans makes also flies and mice skinny. And that’s exactly what we found. ”But the mutant gene doesn’t cause the animals to eat less. “We found that ALK acts in our brains and what it does: it allows our body to burn more calories per same food we eat.” So the brain tells fat cells to burn more of the fat they have socked away.
“People, mice and, we believe, also flies stay skinny. So this mechanism is evolutionarily conserved from insects to humans and, we believe, opens up an entirely new field of thinness.” There are already drugs that prevent the cancer-causing form of ALK, which means that ALK is what scientists call a druggable target. “So maybe one day we can indeed develop a pill which keeps us thin.”
12．What did the previous study focus on?
A．Skinny genes. B．Subjects’daily routines.
C．Family members’ influence. D．Factors contributing to being fat.
13．What does the underlined phrase mean in Para. 4?
A．Included. B．Counted. C．Compared. D．Removed.
14．What do we know about ALK from the passage?
A．It is a gene to burn fat. B．It is unique to wild creatures.
C．It dominates cancer drugs. D．It makes the carriers eat less.
15．What is the researchers’ attitude towards the new direction of the study?
A．Optimistic. B．Conservative. C．Doubtful. D．Hopeless.


二、七选五
Choose Optimism
Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces, and each of us must choose which we want to shape our outlook and our expectations. There is enough good and bad in everyone’s life to find a sensible basis for either optimism or pessimism. ____16____ It’s our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair?
____17____The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform and how well you will get along with the other people. On the contrary, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prediction. Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.
Optimism doesn’t need to be naïve (轻信的). ____18____Some of them are not dealt with easily. But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver! For example, through the years I’ve heard some people say that the money spent on our space program has been wasted. “Instead of spending $455 million to put a man on the moon,” they say, “why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem?” But when you ask them exactly how they would spend that money to solve the poverty problem, most of them don’t have an answer. “Give me a solution,” I tell them, “and I’ll raise you the money. ” An optimist does not just criticize. ____19____
Optimism distracts our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive, constructive thinking. When you’re an optimist, you’re more concerned with problem-solving than with useless complaints about issues. ____20____It takes a dreamer-someone with hopelessly optimistic ideas, great persistence, and unlimited confidence to tackle a problem that big. It’s your choice.
A．The good in life far outweighs the bad.
B．We can choose to laugh or cry, bless or curse (诅咒).
C．An optimistic attitude is not a luxury; it’s a necessity.
D．He thinks in positive terms about how to address the issue.
E．You can be an optimist and still recognize that problems exist.
F．In fact, without optimism, issues as big and ongoing as poverty have no hope of solution.
G．America’s space program resulted in many positive discoveries that have benefited mankind.


三、完形填空
It was the week before Christmas. The line at the post office ____21____  twice around the lobby (大厅). Then I came to the self-service machine where the line was much ____22____．
The woman in the front of the line was ____23____ away at the screen loudly. Any signs of hesitation on her part were ____24____ to the whole lobby. I felt sorry for her. The next person took a long time, too. I breathed ____25____.
It was my turn. Under the ____26____ from the people in line behind me, I felt a growing duty to ____27____ the seconds between clicks. Finally it was time to ____28____ a credit card. The machine didn’t take it.  “Try putting it in the other way,” the gentleman behind me suggested. No ____29____.
“I’ve got a different card,” I said, and ____30____ around my bag for that one, beginning to sweat. The machine wanted a PIN,  but not the one I suggested. I had to start ____31____ again.
“I’m sorry,” I said,  looking back,____32____.
“Don’t give up,” said the nice man behind me. “We’re all friends here, right?”
Smiles were ____33____ all down the line. I tried again, clicked with ____34____and introduced my credit card as though I were presenting it to the queen. Finally, I made it!
I couldn’t have been happier. Everyone burst into applause. ____35____and joy!
21．A．declined B．jumped C．snaked D．divided
22．A．clearer B．swifter C．better D．shorter
23．A．looking B．clicking C．breaking D．walking
24．A．shut B．addicted C．broadcast D．transformed
25．A．deeply B．slowly C．toughly D．sharply
26．A．guidance B．evidence C．control D．concern
27．A．lighten B．minimize C．count D．time
28．A．slide in B．swallow up C．shoot off D．cut in
29．A．problem B．way C．good D．point
30．A．turned B．fished C．seized D．bounced
31．A．out B．off C．for D．over
32．A．awkward B．aggressive C．conscious D．cautious
33．A．varying B．hiding C．growing D．fading
34．A．sincerity B．hesitation C．confidence D．inspiration
35．A．desperation B．tiredness C．anxiety D．comfort


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The AI-powered ChatGPT has drawn great interest from investors hungry for the next big thing in Tech. Created by Open AI, a private company backed by Microsoft, ChatGPT ____36____ (estimate) to have reached 100 million monthly active users just two months after launch, making it the____37____(fast) growing consumer application in history. But its popularity has also made it____38____target for regulation, attracting the attention of US lawmakers with questions about its impact on education and national security. Congressman Ted Lieu, said that____39____ he was excited about the Chatbot, he was also shocked by AI, specially AI that is left unchecked.
One law firm focused on AI____40____(responsible) pointed to the national security concerns. It wrote of evil leaders， non-state actor and malicious (恶意) state actors____41____(use)these systems to generate information that could be wrong or could be harmful. At this point much of the recent concern about ChatGPT has come____42____(main) from educators focused on cheating and plagiarism (剽窃). Others have voiced concern that their computer program could also be used to spread false information.
In a statement OpenAI said “ChatGPT’s free use by everyone is consistent____43____ the principles of democratization information. We don’t want ____44____ to be used for misleading purpose in schools or anywhere else, so we are trying to find ways to help anyone identify texts_____45_____(generate) by that system. ”


五、其他应用文
46．假如你是李华，你在澳洲游学期间发现当地一家博物馆的中文标语使用不当，请你写一封信反映给该博物馆的负责人，内容包括：
1．写信的目的；
2．标语的不当之处及影响；
3．修改建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours regards,
Li Hua

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。
Jack lived in a small village surrounded by forests and he had always been fascinated by animals and often spent his free time wandering around the woods, observing them.
One day, while wandering through the forest, Jack chanced upon a group of deer eating grass peacefully in a clearing (空地). As he approached them, they rushed away, frightened by his presence. Jack felt sad that the animals were afraid of him, and he decided to change it.
Over the next few weeks, Jack visited the clearing every day, sitting quietly and patiently, observing the deer from a distance. Slowly but surely, the deer grew accustomed to his presence and started to approach him and allow him to pet them. Jack was thrilled that he had gained their trust.
Inspired by his success, Jack started to explore the forest more and more, meeting different animals along the way. He encountered a family of rabbits, a pack of wolves, and even a group of bears. Although he was initially scared of the bears, he soon realized that they were just as curious about him as he was about them.
Jack started to bring food for the animals, and they started to see him as a friend. He would sit with them for hours, watching them play and interact with each other. He learned so much about their behavior and habits, and he felt a deep connection with them.
One day, while he was sitting with the rabbits, Jack heard a loud noise in the bushes. He was afraid that it might be a predator (捕食者), but to his surprise, a small fox emerged from the bushes. The fox was struggling to walk, and Jack could see that it was injured.
Without hesitation, Jack approached the fox slowly, trying not to scare it. He saw that the fox had a thorn (刺) stuck in its paw, and it was in a lot of pain. Jack knew he had to help the fox, but he didn’t want to hurt it further.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
He sat down next to the fox and started talking to it in a soft voice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As he grew older, Jack’s love for animals grew stronger.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一家旅馆的相关信息，包括其价格，所提供的的东西以及人们对该旅馆的评论。
1．细节理解题。根据Amazing facilities!下面的“They have a baseball field, tennis/basketball court, football/soccer field. (他们有一个棒球场，网球场/篮球场，足球场/足球场。)”可知，人们在这个房产里可以在球场上打棒球。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Price部分中的“$440/Night(每晚440美元)”和第一段中最后一句话“We are required by Shasta County to charge a 10% rental tax.(沙斯塔县要求我们缴交10%的租金税。)”可知，如果一个家庭星期五入住，下星期一退房，总共住三晚，需要花费440*3+440*3*10%=1452，故选C。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是Reviews(评论)部分可知，文章主要介绍了一家旅馆的相关信息，包括其价格，所提供的的东西以及人们对该旅馆的评论。由此可推知，文章可能选自一个旅游网站。故选A。
4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Daintree rainforest is overflowing with flora(植物群)and fauna(动物群)not found anywhere else in the world.(丹特里雨林里到处都是世界上其他地方没有的动植物。)”可知，人们要保护丹特里热带雨林的原因是它有着独特的生态多样性。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中“HalfCut is an innovative charity created in 2017 which is helping to save the Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland. (HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救远北昆士兰里的丹特里雨林。)”和第三段中“Visit www. Go. HalfCut. org to share your new hairdo on social media with friends and family to help raise money. (访问www. Go. HalfCut. org，在社交媒体上与朋友和家人分享你的新发型，以帮助筹集资金。)”可知，HalfCut在网上为保护雨林筹集资金。故选B。
6．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Anyone wanting to support the protection of the Daintree is welcome by HalfCut. (任何想要支持保护丹特里的人都会受到HalfCut的欢迎。)”和最后一段“Don’t want to mess with your perfect hair? Then help spread the word by buying a HalfCut T-shirt, bag, hat or jacket and save 10 square metres of rainforest for life per purchase, or simply make a donation to this great cause. It is all about doing your bit to help to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.(不想弄乱你完美的发型吗？然后通过购买一件HalfCut T 恤、一个包、一顶帽子或一件夹克来帮助传播这个信息，每次购买可以为生活节省10平方米的雨林，或者只是为这个伟大的事业捐款。这一切都是为了帮助保护世界上最古老的雨林。)”可知，最后两段主要讨论了人们参与到HalfCut中的方式。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据第二段中“HalfCut is an innovative charity created in 2017 which is helping to save the Daintree rainforest in Far North Queensland. ( HalfCut 是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。)”和最后一段中“Then help spread the word by buying a HalfCut T-shirt, bag, hat or jacket and save 10 square metres of rainforest for life per purchase, or simply make a donation to this great cause. It is all about doing your bit to help to protect the oldest rainforest in the world.(然后通过购买一件HalfCut T 恤、一个包、一顶帽子或一件夹克来帮助传播这个信息，每次购买可以为生活节省10平方米的雨林，或者只是为这个伟大的事业捐款。这一切都是为了帮助保护世界上最古老的雨林。)”可知，文章主要介绍了HalfCut是一个创新的慈善机构，成立于2017年，旨在帮助拯救位于远北昆士兰的丹特里雨林。由此可推知，文章的目的是倡导读者支持HalfCut，来保护森林。故选B。
8．B 9．C 10．B 11．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着整个欧洲的能源成本上升，一些人正在利用这个机会前往气候变暖的地区，以减少开支。希腊政府发起了一系列冬季旅游活动，旨在吸引更多欧洲游客。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“As energy costs rise across Europe, some people are taking an opportunity to head off to warmer climates in order to cut down on bills.(随着整个欧洲的能源成本上升，一些人正在利用这个机会前往气候变暖的地区，以减少开支。)”可知，一些欧洲人去温暖的国家过冬是为了减少取暖费。故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, the campaign to advertise Greece abroad hasn’t attracted as many visitors as expected... “But when it comes to winter tourism, Spain will always be the first choice,”Tsiligiris continues(然而，希腊的海外宣传活动并没有像预期的那样吸引那么多的游客……“但是说到冬季旅游，西班牙将永远是第一选择，”Tsiligiris 继续说道)”可推知，游客的共同偏好是导致希腊宣传活动令人失望的主要原因，故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But what’s making it difficult,according to Ashley Quint, senior holiday designer at a UK travel agency, is the message the government is sending. “Tourist boards and local governments can overcomplicate things sometimes and the message doesn’t necessarily come across. In this case,there needs to be a simple and clear message.(但英国一家旅行社的资深度假设计师Ashley Quint表示，让这一切变得困难的是政府正在传递的信息。“旅游局和地方政府有时会把事情搞得过于复杂，信息不一定能被理解。在这种情况下，需要有一个简单明了的信息。”)”可知，Ashley Quint认为希腊宣传活动的重点应该是使信息简单明了，即容易被人理解，故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“As energy costs rise across Europe, some people are taking an opportunity to head off to warmer climates in order to cut down on bills. Greece is one of a number of countries trying to draw visitors in for the winter-with a $20 million advertising campaign.(随着整个欧洲的能源成本上升，一些人正在利用这个机会前往气候变暖的地区，以减少开支。希腊是众多试图吸引冬季游客的国家之一，该国投入了2000万美元的广告活动。)”可知，文章主要介绍了随着整个欧洲的能源成本上升，一些人正在利用这个机会前往气候变暖的地区，以减少开支。希腊政府发起了一系列冬季旅游活动，旨在吸引更多欧洲游客。由此可知，C项“希腊渴望吸引冬季游客来享受阳光”适合做文章标题，故选C。
12．D 13．D 14．A 15．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员对身体苗条这一特征进行的基因学研究。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段中“See, scientists interested in learning how we control our weight have traditionally focused on the things that make you fat，like diet or metabolism(新陈代谢).(科学家们对我们如何控制体重很感兴趣，他们传统上把重点放在使你发胖的因素上，比如饮食和新陈代谢)”可知，以前的研究关注导致肥胖的因素。故选D。
13．词句猜测题。根据上文““But not really studied why people actually stay skinny. So we thought we’d just turn around the fields and study genetics of thinness.”(“但并没有真正研究为什么人们会保持苗条。因此，我们认为我们只需要转换领域，研究瘦身的遗传学。”)”可知，实验是要研究瘦身的遗传学，根据画线短语上文“Penninger and his colleagues started out by searching a database maintained by a genome center in Estonia for its most thin registrants.(Penninger和他的同事开始搜索爱沙尼亚基因组中心维护的数据库，寻找最瘦的注册者。)”和下文“Then they looked for genetic markers that track with these Skinny Petes.(然后他们寻找基因标记来追踪这些瘦人。)”，以及画线短语所在句子“And they weeded out people who were listed as having anorexia(厌食症)or other conditions that change body fat.(他们还weeded out那些被列为患有厌食症或者其他可以改变体内脂肪的疾病的人。)”可知，此处是在描述实验过程，即研究瘦身遗传学的过程，先寻找最瘦的注册者，然后去除那些不符合遗传学的对象，即去除那些被列为患有厌食症或者其他可以改变体内脂肪的疾病的人，之后寻找基因标记来追踪这些瘦人，由此可推知，画线短语意为“去除”，与D项“Removed.(去除)”意思一样，故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“ALK, or the gene for anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK或者说是间变性淋巴瘤激酶的基因)”和倒数第二段中““We found that ALK acts in our brains and what it does: it allows our body to burn more calories per same food we eat.” So the brain tells fat cells to burn more of the fat they have socked away.(“我们发现 ALK 在我们的大脑中起作用，它的作用是：每吃一样的食物，我们的身体就会燃烧更多的卡路里。”因此，大脑告诉脂肪细胞燃烧更多储存起来的脂肪。)”可知，ALK是一种燃烧脂肪的基因，故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So this mechanism is evolutionarily conserved from insects to humans and, we believe, opens up an entirely new field of thinness(因此，我们相信，从昆虫到人类，这种机制在进化上是保守的，并且开辟了一个全新的瘦身领域。)”可推知，研究者对新的研究方向持乐观态度，故选A。


16．B 17．C 18．E 19．D 20．F

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为什么乐观主义重要以及乐观主义的本质特点。
16．根据后文“It’s our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair?(这是我们的决定：我们想从哪个角度看待生活？我们是满怀希望地向上看，还是满怀绝望地向下看？)”可知，乐观还是悲观是我们自己的选择，故B选项“我们可以选择笑或哭，祝福或诅咒”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据后文“The way you look at life will determine how you feel, how you perform and how well you will get along with the other people. On the contrary, negative thoughts, attitudes, and expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prediction. Pessimism creates a dark place where no one wants to live.(你看待生活的方式将决定你的感受、你的表现以及你与他人相处得如何。相反，消极的想法、态度和期望会自生自灭；它们变成了一种自我实现的预测。悲观主义创造了一个没有人愿意生活的黑暗之地)”可知，本段提到了悲观主义创造了一个没有人愿意生活的黑暗之地，说明乐观是必须的生活态度，故C选项“乐观的态度不是奢侈品；这是必需品”符合语境，故选C。
18．根据上文“Optimism doesn’t need to be naïve (轻信的).(乐观不需要轻信)”以及后文“Some of them are not dealt with easily. But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver!(有些问题不容易解决。但是乐观主义对解决问题的人的态度有多么不同啊！)”可知，后文提到了有些问题不容易解决，说明乐观主义者可以认识到问题的存在，故E选项“你可以是一个乐观主义者，但仍然认识到问题的存在”符合语境，故选E。
19．根据上问““Instead of spending $455 million to put a man on the moon,” they say, “why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem?” But when you ask them exactly how they would spend that money to solve the poverty problem, most of them don’t have an answer. “Give me a solution,” I tell them, “and I’ll raise you the money. ” An optimist does not just criticize.(“与其花4.55亿美元把人送上月球，”他们说，“为什么不把这笔钱花在解决地球上的贫困问题上呢？”但当你问他们将如何花这笔钱来解决贫困问题时，他们中的大多数人都没有答案。“给我一个解决办法，”我告诉他们，“我就给你筹钱”。乐观主义者不只是批评)”可知，上文的例子说明乐观主义者关注的是如何解决问题，故D选项“他从积极的角度考虑如何解决这个问题”符合语境，故选D。
20．根据上文“Optimism distracts our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive, constructive thinking. When you’re an optimist, you’re more concerned with problem-solving than with useless complaints about issues.(乐观将我们的注意力从消极中转移到积极的、建设性的思考中。当你是一个乐观主义者时，你更关心问题的解决，而不是无谓的抱怨)”以及后文“It takes a dreamer-someone with hopelessly optimistic ideas, great persistence, and unlimited confidence to tackle a problem that big. It’s your choice.(它需要一个梦想家——一个有着无可救药的乐观想法、坚持不懈和无限信心的人来解决这么大的问题。这是你的选择)”可知，后文提到“需要一个梦想家——一个有着无可救药的乐观想法、坚持不懈和无限信心的人来解决这么大的问题”，说明乐观主义带来了解决问题的希望，故F选项“事实上，如果没有乐观主义，像贫困这样巨大而持续的问题就没有解决的希望”符合语境，故选F。

21．C 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．C 34．A 35．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去邮局里取钱，人很多，但是几次不成功，作者非常尴尬地道歉。但后面的人并没有催促作者，最后作者操作成功，每个人都爆发出热烈的掌声。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邮局的队伍在大厅里蜿蜒了两圈。A. declined下降；B. jumped跳跃；C. snaked蛇形，曲折前行；D. divided分开。根据后文“twice around the lobby”可知，排队的人很多，队伍在大厅里蜿蜒了两圈。故选C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我来到自助取款机前，那里的队伍要短得多。A. clearer更清楚的；B. swifter更快的；C. better更好的；D. shorter更短的。根据上文“Then I came to the self-service machine where the line was much”可知，来到自助取款机前，是因为那里的队伍要短得多。故选D。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：排在队伍前面的那个女人在大声地敲击着屏幕。A. looking看；B. clicking点击；C. breaking打破；D. walking散步。根据后文“away at the screen loudly”指敲击屏幕，呼应后文“seconds between clicks”。故选B。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她稍有犹豫的迹象就会传遍整个大厅。A. shut关闭；B. addicted上瘾；C. broadcast广播；D. transformed运输。根据上文“Any signs of hesitation on her part were”可知，女人的犹豫的迹象会导致队伍变慢，即她稍有犹豫的迹象就会传遍整个大厅。故选C。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我深深地吸了一口气。A. deeply深深地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. toughly固执地；D. sharply严厉地。根据上文“The next person took a long time, too.(下一个人也花了很长时间)”指作者因为等待而深呼吸。故选A。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我身后排队的人们的关注下，我感到越来越有责任尽量减少点击之间的秒数。A. guidance指导；B. evidence证据；C. control控制；D. concern担忧。根据后文“from the people in line behind me, I felt a growing duty to”可知，作者身后排队的人们的关注下，感到越来越有责任尽量减少点击之间的秒数。故选D。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我身后排队的人们的关注下，我感到越来越有责任尽量减少点击之间的秒数。A. lighten变亮；B. minimize最小化；C. count计算；D. time安排时间。结合上文可知人很多，大家都在看着作者，所以作者感觉要缩短时间，即减少点击之间的秒数。故选B。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后是时候塞进一张信用卡了。A. slide in滑入；B. swallow up吞下去；C. shoot off发射；D. cut in插嘴。根据后文“a credit card. The machine didn’t take it”指塞入信用卡到机器里。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有用。A. problem问题；B. way方法；C. good好的，形容词；D. point要点。根据后文“I’ve got a different card”可知，作者换了卡，说明之前的卡机器不接受，没有用应用no good。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我有一张不同的卡片，”我说，在包里摸索着找那张，开始冒汗。A. turned转弯；B. fished搜寻；C. seized抓住；D. bounced跳跃。根据后文“around my bag for that one, beginning to sweat”指作者在包里找银行卡，故选B。
31．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我不得不重新开始。A. out出去；B. off脱离；C. for为了；D. over越过。根据上文“The machine wanted a PIN, but not the one I suggested.(机器需要输入密码，但不是我输的那个)”可知，不得不重新开始。故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“对不起，”我说着，尴尬地回头看了看。A. awkward尴尬的；B. aggressive好斗的；C. conscious意识到的；D. cautious谨慎的。作者几次操作不成功，拖延了时间，所以很尴尬地道歉。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有的人都露出了笑容。A. varying变化；B. hiding隐藏；C. growing生长；D. fading褪色。根据后文“all down the line”指所有的人都露出了笑容，此处grow表示“产生”符合语境。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又试了一次，真诚地按下了键，然后介绍了我的信用卡，就好像我是在向女王展示它一样。A. sincerity真诚；B. hesitation犹豫；C. confidence自信；D. inspiration鼓舞。根据后文“as though I were presenting it to the queen”可知，作者真诚地按下了按键。故选A。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都爆发出热烈的掌声，安慰和喜悦！A. desperation绝望；B. tiredness疲惫；C. anxiety焦虑；D. comfort安慰。根据后文“and joy”可知，人群是积极的情绪，故选D。

36．was estimated 37．fastest 38．a 39．although/though/while 40．responsibility 41．using 42．mainly 43．with 44．it 45．generated

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了ChatGPT由微软支持的私营公司Open AI创建，据估计，在推出两个月后，每月活跃用户已达到1亿，使其成为历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序。但它的受欢迎程度也使它成为监管的目标，引起了美国立法者的注意，他们质疑它对教育和国家安全的影响。
36．考查时态语态。句意：ChatGPT由微软支持的私人公司Open AI开发，在推出两个月后，其月活跃用户估计已达到1亿，成为历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was estimated。
37．考查最高级。句意：ChatGPT由微软支持的私人公司Open AI开发，在推出两个月后，其月活跃用户估计已达到1亿，成为历史上增长最快的消费者应用程序。根据定冠词the以及句意表示“最快的”应用最高级fastest，故填fastest。
38．考查冠词。句意：但它的受欢迎程度也使它成为监管的目标，引起了美国立法者的注意，他们质疑它对教育和国家安全的影响。target此处为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
39．考查状语从句。句意：国会议员Ted Lieu表示，虽然他对聊天机器人感到兴奋，但他也对人工智能感到震惊，尤其是不受限制的人工智能。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用although、though或while。故填although/though/while。
40．考查名词。句意：一家专注于人工智能责任的律师事务所指出了国家安全方面的担忧。作介词的宾语，应用名词responsibility。故填responsibility。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：它写道，邪恶的领导人、非国家行为者和恶意的国家行为者利用这些系统生成可能是错误或有害的信息。分析句子结构可知use与逻辑主语non-state actor and malicious state actors构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
42．考查副词。句意：在这一点上，最近对ChatGPT的关注主要来自于关注作弊和抄袭的教育工作者。修饰动词应用副词mainly，故填mainly。
43．考查介词。句意：OpenAI在一份声明中表示：“ChatGPT的免费使用符合信息民主化的原则。短语be consistent with表示“符合”。故填with。
44．考查代词。句意：我们不希望它在学校或其他任何地方被用于误导目的，所以我们正在努力寻找方法来帮助任何人识别由该系统生成的文本。此处指ChatGPT应用代词it。故填it。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们不希望它在学校或其他任何地方被用于误导目的，所以我们正在努力寻找方法来帮助任何人识别由该系统生成的文本。分析句子结构可知generate与逻辑主语texts构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填generated。
46．One possible version:
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am Li Hua, a Chinese high school student, feeling so lucky to have visited your museum which left a good impression on me. I am writing with the intention of telling you the discovered some errors on your signs.
During the visit, I found that some Chinese on your signs are improperly used and there are even some spelling mistakes, which will contribute to misunderstandings for visitors. To make matters worse, the misuse will especially upset Chinese tourists, making them unwilling to have a return visit. Consequently, the fame of your museum will be ruined. So I do hope you can turn to Chinese experts for help for the sake of finding out the mistakes and correcting them as well.
It would be better if you could take my proposal into due consideration.
Yours regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封信反映给澳洲当地一家博物馆的负责人，反映该博物馆中文标语使用不当的问题。
【详解】1.词汇积累
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
目的是：with the intention of→for the purpose of
因此：consequently→as a result
向……求助：turn to…for help→ask…for help
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To make matters worse, the misuse will especially upset Chinese tourists, making them unwilling to have a return visit.
拓展句：To make matters worse, the misuse will especially make Chinese tourists so upset that they will unwilling to have a return visit.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am Li Hua, a Chinese high school student, feeling so lucky to have visited your museum which left a good impression on me.（运用了which引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】During the visit, I found that some Chinese on your signs are improperly used and there are even some spelling mistakes, which will contribute to misunderstandings for visitors.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
47．One possible version:
He sat down next to the fox and started talking to it in a soft voice. He gently stroked its fur and, after a few minutes, managed to pull the thorn out. The fox licked his hand gratefully and stared at him with its big, brown eyes. From that day on, the fox would follow Jack everywhere he went. Tom’s friendship with the animals of the forest was the talk of the village. People would often see him wandering around with a pack of wolves or sitting with a family of bears. They were amazed by his ability to befriend animals that were supposed to be wild and dangerous.
As he grew older, Jack’s love for animals grew stronger. He realized that animals were not just pets or creatures to be hunted, but they were his friends and companions. He started volunteering at an animal shelter, where he would help care for injured and abandoned animals. He also worked with local conservation groups to protect the forests and wildlife in his area. Jack’s love for animals had brought him a sense of purpose and fulfillment that he had never experienced before. He knew that he had made a difference in the lives of many animals, and he was grateful for the friendship and companionship of his animal friends.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了杰克住在一个被森林包围的小村庄里，他一直对动物很着迷，他经常利用空闲时间在树林里闲逛，观察它们。某天杰克帮助了一只受伤的狐狸，还和狐狸成为了朋友，狐狸也经常跟着他。随着年龄的长大，杰克开始在一个动物收容所做志愿者，在那里他会帮助照顾受伤和被遗弃的动物。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“他在狐狸旁边坐下，开始用柔和的声音和它说话”可知，第一段可描写杰克和狐狸交了朋友，并且和森林里的动物们的友谊成了全村的话题。
②由第二段首句内容“随着年龄的增长，杰克对动物的爱越来越强烈”可知，第二段可描写杰克做志愿者保护动物，感激动物朋友的友谊和陪伴。
2.续写线索：和狐狸说话——帮助狐狸——狐狸感谢——和动物交朋友——当志愿者——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
保护：protect /preserve
看着：stare at/look at
交朋友：befriend /make friends with
情绪类
惊讶：amazed /surprised
感谢：grateful /thankful
【点睛】[高分句型1] They were amazed by his ability to befriend animals that were supposed to be wild and dangerous. (运用了that引导定语从句)
[高分句型2] He knew that he had made a difference in the lives of many animals, and he was grateful for the friendship and companionship of his animal friends. (运用了that引导宾语从句)