2023届北京市房山区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2023届北京市房山区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷（含解析），共22页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，阅读理解，七选五，阅读表达，建议信等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2023届北京市房山区高三下学期第二次模拟考试英语试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、完形填空
Everyone can do something for their community in their own way, just like what Damian has done. Every weekend, __1__ with a chair and some tools, Damian sets up a stand in the neighborhood.
The young man likes to offer free __2__ to street vendors (摊贩) in the community and share nice conversations with them. One day, Pacheco, the ice cream vendor, went to the stand. Damien was very excited at the sight of this old friend, who __3__ him of so many sweet memories of the past. The ice cream bar brought him a lot of __4__ when he was a child. Now Damian can still remember those wonderful moments.
When Damian was cutting Pacheco’s hair, he noticed that Pacheco was __5__ this time. As they talked, Pacheco __6__ his smile. In fact, he lost two teeth last month and was unwilling to smile __7__ for fear of some of the comments his clients have made about his teeth. Pacheco had been living alone and had no intention of going to the __8__ because he had never been there before.
Learning of Pacheco’s current situation, Damian was determined to do something for him. After that, he was busy __9__ Pacheco to the dental appointments. For three months, Damian drove Pacheco to the dentist and made sure that Pacheco could receive his much - needed artificial teeth.
Now, Pacheco feels more ___10___ and doesn’t hesitate to give his new shining smile to the people in the community. They go on with their wonderful lives.
1．A．provided B．armed C．satisfied D．troubled
2．A．treatments B．workplaces C．haircuts D．setups
3．A．freed B．reminded C．convinced D．suspected
4．A．joy B．courage C．inspiration D．challenge
5．A．active B．lonely C．curious D．different
6．A．hid B．spread C．showed D．observed
7．A．quietly B．shyly C．warmly D．broadly
8．A．bar B．clinic C．community D．stand
9．A．ordering B．inviting C．accompanying D．limiting
10．A．patient B．generous C．independent D．confident


二、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rowena was at dinner when she heard a loud noise at the next table. She saw that something was wrong with a little girl. She suddenly realized that the baby was choking on food. Fortunately, Rowena knew what to do, as she ___11___ (complete) a first aid course for children before. “I sat on a chair and held the baby girl face down along the length of my right leg with her head ___12___ (low) than my knee,” Rowena said. “Then I started to hit her ___13___ the back. When the baby girl started to cry, I knew that she could breathe again.” That was ___14___ Rowena saved a baby’s life.

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Chinese have created some of the greatest inventions in the world. They came up with a way to make modem paper thousands of years ago. The first paper ___15___ (invent) was made from worm fishing nets, bark of the mulberry tree, and cloth. These materials were found ___16___ (easy), which meant that large amounts of paper were cheaper to make. As paper became more affordable, it was used for writing on. During the Tang Dynasty, it was made into paper bags and used to preserve the flavour of tea. Today, paper ___17___ (use) for many different purposes around the world.

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
You never know what treasures the sea will offer. ___18___ (look) for a seashell is a fun hobby, and anyone at any age can do it. Plus, there’s even an official name for people ___19___ collect and study shells: “conchologist.” Besides being unique and interesting, shells serve an important function. They provide ___20___ (protect) for sea organisms. That brings us to the first rule of searching for seashells: Never keep a shell that still has a living creature inside.


三、阅读理解
General LRC rules
We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.
● No eating or drinking
● No copying of audio cassettes
● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson.
● If you use it as a self-access student, you must scan your borrower barcode (issued by the library staff) when entering and leaving. The LRC is for use by Language Centre students only.
● All bags must be put in the bag-rack.
Please work quietly. This is a library and many students are studying for exams.
Photocopying
We have a photocopier available. Please ask the library staff to help you. The cost is 20c for one A4 sheet.
Borrowing from the LRC
Language Centre students are permitted to borrow materials from the library. Other schools’ students must use the facilities at their own schools.
Full-time students: Give your photo — ID card to the librarian and you will get an LRC number. Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.
Loans
Language students can borrow up to 4 items (of which no more than 2 can be kits) at one time. Kits are bags containing book(s) plus cassette(s).
All teacher trainee students may borrow up to 3 items:
● Test materials 1 week
● Listening kits 1 week
● Most other books 2 weeks
Books marked REF in red are reference books and cannot be taken out of the library. Books marked REF in green may be removed by staff only.
Most items can be renewed once. Test materials cannot be renewed.
21．What can we learn from the passage?
A．You can borrow and copy audio cassettes from the LRC．
B．The LRC can only be used by students studying for exams.
C．Students and teachers can photocopy materials at the LRC for free
D．Teachers are allowed to use the LRC when giving lessons to students.
22．According to the passage, part -time students at the Language Center _________.
A．can borrow at least four items at one time
B．should renew the test materials once a week
C．should pay a deposit before borrowing materials
D．can take books marked REF in red out of the library
23．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To explain how to use the LRC．
B．To recommend resources for language learning.
C．To present the different functions of school facilities.
D．To introduce how to borrow reference books from the LRC．

Have you ever seen a kid in class who wouldn’t volunteer to read or answer a question? I was that type of student. Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong thing was always on my mind.
There were constant announcements about students in our class winning writing awards. It was a dream for me. I have always felt unsure of myself when writing. Semicolons confused me and I used too many commas. I had no idea how to cite anything. During my freshman year, the teacher would pick the best essay in our class to be read out loud, but mine was never chosen. I found it really hard to write an essay.
One teacher Mr. Wilson, who taught me the next semester, changed everything. He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense. What really made him special to me was that every class he would pick someone to read their writing out loud to the class.
In one of his lessons, he said: “I will not always pick the essay that I think has the best grammar or use of vocabulary. I will pick the one that I think has the most character.” This part was confusing tome because how can writing have character? He went on to explain: “I want to read something that I can tell the writer feel a lot while writing it. I want to feel the emotions you were going through as you wrote it.”
A few weeks later, for the first time, my essay was chosen to be read to my classmates. I can’t even remember what it was about, but I remember how nervous I was to see his reaction, mixed with pride at the fact that he felt like my work was worth sharing. He gave me his comments at the end of it, but I was too nervous to remember them. After class, he told me he was excited to read more of my work.
He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. He made me believe in my writing abilities and gave me the confidence to continue writing.
24．Talking in class used to be difficult for the author because __________.
A．he had never won any awards for speaking B．he didn’t know how to answer questions
C．he had no idea how to cite anything D．he was afraid of making mistakes
25．According to the author, what made Mr. Wilson different from other teachers?
A．His style of teaching. B．His love for students.
C．His interest in writing. D．His passion for football.
26．From the passage, we can know that __________.
A．Mr. Wilson preferred essays with good use of vocabulary
B．the author remembered Mr. Wilson’s comments very well
C．Mr. Wilson thought the author’s passage was full of emotions
D．the author believed that his essay was worth sharing in the class
27．Which of the following words can best describe Mr. Wilson?
A．Kind and ambitious. B．Honest and confident.
C．Creative and inspiring. D．Reliable and generous.

Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis (光合作用), the process of absorbing energy from light to create their own food from carbon dioxide and water. That’s why plants grow and thrive in the warmer months when there is more daylight and are dormant in the colder months.
But this process isn’t particularly efficient and only one percent of the energy contained in sunlight actually ends up in the plant, according to a news release from the University of California, Riverside. Now scientists at the university have found a way to bypass the need for natural photosynthesis and to create food by using artificial photosynthesis. This allows plants to grow in complete darkness. “With our approach we sought to identify a new way of producing food that could break through the limits normally imposed by biological photosynthesis,” corresponding author Robert Jinkerson, a UCR assistant professor of chemical and environmental engineering said in the news release.
The researchers devoted to artificial photosynthesis used a two-step electrocatalytic (电催化) process to convent CO2, water, and electricity into acetate (醋酸盐) — the main ingredient of vinegar — that the plant organisms consumed to grow. The researchers adjusted the electrolyzer, a device that uses electricity to support the growth of food producing organisms. to come up with the highest levels of acetate ever produced by this method.
The new artificial photosynthesis method could be up to 18 times more efficient than sunlight. Experiments showed that a large range of food producing organisms could be grown using this acetate. “We were able to grow food producing organisms without any contributions from biological photosynthesis,” said Elizabeth Hann, a doctoral candidate in the Jinkerson lab and co-lead author of the study. “This technology is a more efficient method of turning solar energy into food, as compared to food production that relics on biological photosynthesis,” she said.
By eliminating the need for sunlight, he potential of this method to increase food supply in regions with less - than ideal growing conditions is almost endless, according to New Atlas.
Food will be able to be grown almost anywhere, including in space and on other planets. “Imagine someday giant vessels growing tomato plants in the dark and on Mars — how much easier would that be for future Martians?” co-author Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, director of the UCR Plant Transformation Research Center said.
While this may be years off, the potential to grow food using artificial photosynthesis has great value in feeding a hungry place where the population is growing and arable land shrinking. This new method increases the efficiency of food production using less land and minimizes the environmental impact on the planet.
28．What does the underlined word “dormant” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Fresh. B．Resting. C．Healthy. D．Normal.
29．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The process of artificial photosynthesis.
B．The contribution of natural photosynthesis.
C．The efficiency of sunlight on plant organisms.
D．The wide range of applications of artificial photosynthesis.
30．According to Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, artificial photosynthesis is .
A．accurate B．dangerous C．promising D．impractical
31．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Biological photosynthesis can help produce higher quality food.
B．Biological photosynthesis is more efficient in turning solar energy into food.
C．Using artificial photosynthesis may decrease the efficiency of food production.
D．Using artificial photosynthesis to grow food can reduce environmental influence.

Virtual reality is rapidly changing the way education is being imparted in some of the leading schools worldwide. The transfer of knowledge is no longer restricted to pen and paper, blackboard and chalk, and PowerPoint presentations. It has taken a turn towards experience-based learning in its truest form. This is so because, with virtual reality, the observers are transported into a whole new world which has been designed to provide visual and touchable stimuli to them, allowing more knowledge to be kept in mind.
In recent years, the concept of virtual reality-based language learning is starting to come into focus. In order to be fluent in any given language, or have a sound grasp of it, you have to be immersed in an environment where it is the primary medium of communication. Think of it like this. If you are learning Spanish in the Netherlands, you won’t have adequate exposure to the language, but if you choose to learn Spanish in Spain, or any other Spanish – speaking country, you are far more likely to succeed, because you will have countless avenues to practice your language skills in a real world setting.
This leads us to an important point — most people who are learning a foreign language are nor exposed to favorable linguistic conditions like the ones mentioned earlier. Virtual reality is seeking to bridge this gap by exposing the subject to a virtual environment where their chosen language is the main mode of communication.
Since the arrival of user-friendly virtual reality gear, some applications have been designed. House of Languages is one of them. It is already available on the Gear VR. It involves an animated raccoon that is looking for you to find certain objects in a virtual environment, whose names would be in the language that you are learning. Often you will hear the name, or the name will appear as a thought - bubble over the raccoon’s head. Then you will have to look through the environment to find the object in question. There are several environments in this VR experience, each with its own set of animated objects.
Virtual reality is definitely showing increasing promise in the educational sector and the day isn’t far away when it will become one of the major media in education. What about you? Would you learn a new language in virtual reality?
32．Why does the author mention learning Spanish in the Netherlands in Paragraph 2?
A．To state that traveling is helpful for language learning.
B．To stress the importance of the language learning environment.
C．To show that some virtual reality applications are available for language learning.
D．To inform us of the favorable learning environment for Spanish in the Netherlands.
33．How does the author develop the passage?
A．By giving examples and using quotation.
B．By stating the definition and showing facts.
C．By presenting an opinion and listing figures.
D．By analyzing the problem and providing a solution.
34．What is the author’s attitude towards the use of virtual reality in education?
A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Neutral.


四、七选五
You probably already know what self-regulation is, even if you are not aware of the term. ___35___
Self-regulation refers to the ability to control your behavior and manage your thoughts and emotions in appropriate ways. It involves being aware of your behavior and how it helps you reach your goals. ___36___ The Cambridge dictionary defines it as “The ability to make yourself do things you know you should do even when you do not want to”. The American Psychological Association defines it as “the control of one’s behavior through self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement.”
Self-regulation is very important because it can help us deal with stress. We all know that sometimes stress is bad for our health, which can cause mood swings and difficulty concentrating. ___37___ For example, if a person is upset, sad, or angry, self-regulation helps him regulate his feelings and then behave in an acceptable and productive way.
In addition, self-regulation can also help people handle conflict and strengthen relationships and overall well-being. It can help people calm down after something annoying has happened and refocus their attention on other tasks. ___38___ People with good self-regulation skills are able to assess whether their behavior is appropriate and can redirect themselves as needed.
___39___ So we can try different approaches to find the proper one. You may be able to keep stress under control by using stress management techniques such as deep breathing, exercise, and getting enough sleep.
Self-regulation is an essential skill for physical, social, emotional and mental well-being. It does not always come easily to people, but there are techniques that can help you develop and strengthen your self-regulation.
A．There are different definitions of self-regulation.
B．Take time each day to make new plans for tomorrow.
C．In fact, like many coping skills, self-regulation can be improved.
D．It takes firm determination and a strong mind to develop a new habit.
E．Then try to behave properly and adjust to getting along with other people.
F．It is essential to learn more about self-regulation and understand how to strengthen it.
G．But self-regulation can help people handle emotions like frustration or disappointment.


五、阅读表达
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Most companies use advertising to promote their brands, sell their products, and increase their income. For years, businesses have used different strategies in advertising to sell their products or services through written or visual messages.
When creating advertisements, companies tend to design some parts that appeal to our emotions or can be connected to our own lives. This is called memorable advertising. Our brains often pay attention to those parts that appeal to our emotions and forget about the rest of the information we see. So, one way to make memorable advertising is by adding an emotional or personal aspect to the most important part of the advertisement. As a result, there is a greater chance that viewers will remember that. If the scenes that appeal to our emotions manage to, at the same time, highlight the brand and its benefits, viewers will be more likely to build a connection with the brand, which can increase sales.
A good example is an advertisement from a leading consumer goods company. The advertisement showed people of all ages and from all parts of the world. In the advertisement, an artist drew pictures of what people thought they looked like — and compared those pictures to pictures of what their friends thought they looked like. This showed that people often perceive themselves negatively compared with reality — usually people criticize their looks too much. The advertisement encouraged people to see the positives in their looks, rather than the negatives. In this way, the advertisement triggered very strong emotional responses, achieved attention worldwide, and so made more people remember it.
Another way to make memorable advertising is by creating a fictional character that represents the brand. Think of the Michelin Tire Man. The human-like figure consists of stacked white tires. The mascot gives customers a friendly, fun personality to connect and build a relationship with. It is much easier to connect with the friendly fat man than with a faceless tire company.
40．What is memorable advertising?
___________________________________________________________
41．According to the passage, what are the two ways to make memorable advertising?
___________________________________________________________
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
In the advertisement of a leading consumer goods company, it encouraged people to see their negative aspects and triggered very strong emotional responses.
___________________________________________________________
43．Are you usually influenced by advertisements when you go shopping? Why or why not?(In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________


六、建议信
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校交换生Jim打算今年暑假回英国，想送给他的妈妈一件具有中国特色的礼物，特发来邮件就准备什么礼物向你咨询。请你用英文给他回复一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1. 建议的礼物；
2. 说明选择该礼物的原因；
3. 表达祝福。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

参考答案：

1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Damian喜欢为社区的街头小贩提供免费理发，并与他们分享愉快的谈话，一次他发现Pacheco显得很孤独，发现他是因为上个月掉了两颗牙，变得不自信，于是他陪Pacheco去看牙医补好了牙齿，Pacheco又变得自信起来。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个周末，带着一把椅子和一些工具，达米安就会在附近摆摊。A. provided提供；B. armed装备；C. satisfied满足；D. troubled麻烦。根据后文“with a chair and some tools”可知是带着一把椅子和一些工具，短语be armed with表示“配备，带着”。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人喜欢为社区的街头小贩提供免费理发，并与他们分享愉快的谈话。A. treatments治疗；B. workplaces工作场所；C. haircuts理发；D. setups安装。根据后文“When Damian was cutting Pacheco’s hair”可知，他提供的是免费理发。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：达米安见到这位老朋友非常兴奋，他使他想起了过去许多美好的回忆。A. freed释放；B. reminded提醒；C. convinced说服；D. suspected怀疑。根据后文“him of so many sweet memories of the past”可知为短语remind sb. of sth.，表示“使某人想起”。故选B。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，雪糕给他带来了很多快乐。A. joy快乐；B. courage鼓励；C. inspiration灵感；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“Now Damian can still remember those wonderful moments.(现在达米安还记得那些美好的时刻)”可知，当他还是个孩子的时候，雪糕给他带来了很多快乐。故选A。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当达米安给帕切科剪头发时，他注意到帕切科这次很孤独。A. active活跃的；B. lonely孤独的；C. curious好奇的；D. different不同的。根据后文“Pacheco had been living alone”可知，当达米安给帕切科剪头发时，他注意到帕切科这次很孤独。故选B。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们谈话时，帕切科隐藏了他的笑容。A. hid隐藏；B. spread传播；C. showed展示；D. observed观察。根据后文“In fact, he lost two teeth last month and was unwilling to smile”可知，帕切科因为没了牙齿，隐藏了他的笑容，故选A。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他上个月掉了两颗牙，由于害怕客户对他牙齿的一些评论，他不愿意笑得很开心。A. quietly安静地；B. shyly害羞地；C. warmly温暖地；D. broadly灿烂地。根据后文“for fear of some of the comments his clients have made about his teeth”可知这里指灿烂微笑，应用副词broadly。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕切科一直独自生活，并没有打算去诊所，因为他以前从未去过那里。A. bar酒吧；B. clinic诊所；C. community社区；D. stand摊位。上文提到帕切科丢了牙齿，所以是去诊所。故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，他忙着陪帕切科去看牙医。A. ordering命令；B. inviting邀请；C. accompanying陪伴；D. limiting限制。根据后文“Pacheco to the dental appointments”指他忙着陪帕切科去看牙医。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，帕切科感到更加自信，毫不犹豫地向社区的人们展示他新的灿烂笑容。A. patient耐心的；B. generous慷慨的；C. independent独立的；D. confident自信的。根据后文“doesn’t hesitate to give his new shining smile to the people in the community.”可知，帕切科牙补好了，感到更加自信，故选D。
11．had completed 12．lower 13．on 14．how

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Rowena通过急救知识救了一名婴儿的故事。
11．考查时态。句意：幸运的是，Rowena知道该怎么做，因为她之前已经完成了儿童急救课程。此处表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had completed。
12．考查比较级。句意：Rowena说：“我坐在椅子上，把女婴脸朝下抱在右腿上，她的头低于我的膝盖。”。根据后文than可知为比较级。故填lower。
13．考查介词。句意：然后我开始打她的背。此处为介词hit sb. on the back表示“拍打背部”。故填on。
14．考查表语从句。句意：Rowena就是这样救了一个婴儿的命。引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how。故填how。
15．invented 16．easily 17．is used

【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国人创造了一些世界上最伟大的发明。数千年前，他们发明了一种制造现代纸张的方法。发明的第一张纸是由蠕虫渔网、桑树皮和布制成的。这些材料很容易找到，这意味着大量的纸张制作起来更便宜。随着纸变得越来越便宜，它被用来写字。在唐朝，它被制成纸袋，用来保存茶的味道。今天，纸在世界各地被用于许多不同的用途。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：发明的第一张纸是由蠕虫渔网、桑树皮和布制成的。分析句子结构可知invent与paper构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填invented。
16．考查副词。句意：这些材料很容易找到，这意味着大量的纸张制作起来更便宜。修饰动词find应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily。
17．考查时态语态。句意：如今，纸张在世界各地被用于许多不同的用途。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据today可知为一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is used。
18．Looking 19．who/that 20．protection

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寻找贝壳这一活动。
18．考查非谓语动词。句意：找贝壳是一种有趣的爱好，任何年龄的人都可以做。作主语，应用动名词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Looking。
19．考查定语从句。句意：此外，收集和研究贝壳的人甚至有一个官方名称：“海螺学家”。定语从句修饰先行词people，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。
20．考查名词。句意：它们为海洋生物提供保护。作宾语，应用名词protection。故填protection。
21．D 22．C 23．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了语言资源中心的一些使用规则。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段“● You can use the LRC cither on your own during self - access times or you may use it with your teacher as part of a lesson. (你可以在自己的时间使用LRC，也可以和老师一起作为课程的一部分使用它)”可知，教师在给学生上课时可以使用LRC。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Borrowing from the LRC部分中“Part-time students: You will need to bring your $ 50. 00 deposit receipt from the cashier. When your course finishes, bring your library card back and your deposit will be refunded in cash.(非全日制学生：你需要带上你的50美元。这是出纳员给我的00英镑的存款收据。课程结束后，请将借书证带回来，押金将以现金退还)”可知，非全日制学生借用资料前应先付押金。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据第一段“We have a number of simple rules to help you use the Language Resource Centre (LRC). Please cooperate and enjoy your visit with us.(我们有一些简单的规则来帮助你使用语言资源中心。希望大家合作愉快)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是解释如何使用LRC。故选A。
24．D 25．A 26．C 27．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了威尔逊先生特别的教学方式对作者的积极影响，他让作者觉得自己很特别，也克服了在课堂上分享的恐惧。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“Talking in class was a struggle for me because the fear of saying the wrong thing was always on my mind.(在课堂上讲话对我来说是一场斗争，因为我总是担心说错话)”可知，在课堂上说话对作者来说曾经是困难的，因为他害怕犯错。故选D。
25．细节理解题。根据第三段“He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense.(他五十多岁，以其独特的教学风格而闻名。他把写作和阅读与足球联系在一起，但不知何故，这是有道理的)”和最后一段“He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. (他带领课堂的方式让我感到特别，我克服了在课堂上分享作业的恐惧)”可知，根据作者的观点，威尔逊先生与其他老师的不同之处是他的教学风格。故选A。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“I want to read something that I can tell the writer feel a lot while writing it. I want to feel the emotions you were going through as you wrote it.(我想读一些我能告诉作者在写作时感受很多的东西。我想感受你写这文章时的感情)”以及倒数第二段“A few weeks later, for the first time, my essay was chosen to be read to my classmates.(几个星期后，我的文章第一次被选上读给同学们听)”可知，威尔逊先生认为作者的文章充满了感情。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段“He was in his fifties and had a reputation for having a particular teaching style. He connected writing and reading to football, but somehow it made sense.(他五十多岁，以其独特的教学风格而闻名。他把写作和阅读与足球联系在一起，但不知何故，这是有道理的)”以及最后一段“He made me feel special in the way he led the class, and I got over my fear of sharing my work in class. He made me believe in my writing abilities and gave me the confidence to continue writing.(他带领班级的方式让我觉得自己很特别，我也克服了在课堂上分享我的工作的恐惧。他让我相信自己的写作能力，给了我继续写作的信心)”可推知，威尔逊先生有创造力和鼓舞人心的人。故选C。
28．B 29．A 30．C 31．D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工光合作用的过程以及积极效果。
28．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“That’s why plants grow and thrive in the warmer months when there is more daylight (这就是为什么植物在温暖的月份生长和茁壮成长)”以及后文“in the colder months”结合常识，可知，植物在阳光充足的温暖月份生长茂盛，而在寒冷的月份休眠。故划线词意思是“休息的”。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers devoted to artificial photosynthesis used a two-step electrocatalytic (电催化) process to convent CO2, water, and electricity into acetate (醋酸盐) — the main ingredient of vinegar — that the plant organisms consumed to grow. The researchers adjusted the electrolyzer, a device that uses electricity to support the growth of food producing organisms. to come up with the highest levels of acetate ever produced by this method.(致力于人工光合作用的研究人员使用两步电催化过程将二氧化碳、水和电转化为醋酸盐——醋的主要成分——植物有机体消耗醋酸来生长。研究人员调整了电解槽，这是一种利用电力来支持食物生产生物生长的设备。用这种方法生产出了最高水平的醋酸盐)”可知，第三段的主要内容是人工光合作用的过程。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Food will be able to be grown almost anywhere, including in space and on other planets. “Imagine someday giant vessels growing tomato plants in the dark and on Mars — how much easier would that be for future Martians?” co-author Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, director of the UCR Plant Transformation Research Center said.(食物几乎可以在任何地方种植，包括在太空和其他星球上。“想象一下，有一天，巨大的容器在黑暗中在火星上种植番茄——这对未来的火星人来说会容易多少？”UCR植物转化研究中心主任Martha Orozco-Cárdenas说)”可知，Martha Orozco-Cárdenas认为人工光合作用是有希望的。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This new method increases the efficiency of food production using less land and minimizes the environmental impact on the planet.(这种新方法使用更少的土地提高了粮食生产的效率，并最大限度地减少了对地球环境的影响)”可知，利用人工光合作用种植食物可以减少对环境的影响。故选D。
32．B 33．B 34．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟现实正在迅速改变世界上一些顶尖学校传授教育的方式。
32．推理判断题。根据第二段“In recent years, the concept of virtual reality-based language learning is starting to come into focus. In order to be fluent in any given language, or have a sound grasp of it, you have to be immersed in an environment where it is the primary medium of communication. Think of it like this. If you are learning Spanish in the Netherlands, you won’t have adequate exposure to the language, but if you choose to learn Spanish in Spain, or any other Spanish – speaking country, you are far more likely to succeed, because you will have countless avenues to practice your language skills in a real world setting. (近年来，基于虚拟现实的语言学习概念开始成为人们关注的焦点。为了流利地说任何一种语言，或者对它有一个良好的掌握，你必须沉浸在一个环境中，它是主要的交流媒介。这样想。如果你在荷兰学习西班牙语，你不会有足够的机会接触这门语言，但如果你选择在西班牙或任何其他西班牙语国家学习西班牙语，你更有可能成功，因为你将有无数的途径在现实世界中练习你的语言技能)”可推知，作者在第二段提到在荷兰学习西班牙语以强调语言学习环境的重要性。故选B。
33．推理判断题。根据第二段“In recent years, the concept of virtual reality-based language learning is starting to come into focus. (近年来，基于虚拟现实的语言学习概念开始成为人们关注的焦点)”；第三段“This leads us to an important point — most people who are learning a foreign language are nor exposed to favorable linguistic conditions like the ones mentioned earlier. (这就引出了一个重要的问题——大多数正在学习外语的人并没有像前面提到的那样接触到有利的语言条件)”以及倒数第二段“Since the arrival of user-friendly virtual reality gear, some applications have been designed. House of Languages is one of them.( 自从用户友好的虚拟现实设备出现以来，已经设计了一些应用程序。“语言之家”就是其中之一)”可推知，作者通过陈述定义和展示事实展开文章。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Virtual reality is definitely showing increasing promise in the educational sector and the day isn’t far away when it will become one of the major media in education. (虚拟现实无疑在教育领域显示出越来越大的前景，它成为教育领域主要媒体之一的日子已经不远了)”可推知，作者对虚拟现实在教育中的应用积极态度。故选B。
35．F 36．A 37．G 38．E 39．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了自我调节的定义、作用以及提高自我调节的方法。
35．根据上文“You probably already know what self-regulation is, even if you are not aware of the term.(你可能已经知道什么是自我调节，即使你不知道这个词)”结合后文提到了自我调节的作用，可知空处应该引起下文，即指出要建议了解自我调节。故F选项“有必要更多地了解自我调节并了解如何加强自我调节”符合语境，故选F。
36．上文“Self-regulation refers to the ability to control your behavior and manage your thoughts and emotions in appropriate ways. It involves being aware of your behavior and how it helps you reach your goals.(自我调节是指以适当的方式控制自己的行为和管理自己的思想和情绪的能力。它包括意识到你的行为以及它如何帮助你实现目标)”提到自我调节的定义，后文“The Cambridge dictionary defines it as “The ability to make yourself do things you know you should do even when you do not want to”. The American Psychological Association defines it as “the control of one’s behavior through self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reinforcement.”(剑桥词典将其定义为“即使你不想做，但你知道自己应该做的事情的能力”。美国心理学会将其定义为“通过自我监控、自我评价和自我强化来控制自己的行为”)”提到了自我调节不同的定义，由此可知，空处引起下文，指出自律有不同的定义，故A选项“自律有不同的定义”符合语境，故选A。
37．根据上文“Self-regulation is very important because it can help us deal with stress. We all know that sometimes stress is bad for our health, which can cause mood swings and difficulty concentrating.(自我调节非常重要，因为它可以帮助我们应对压力。我们都知道有时候压力对我们的健康有害，它会导致情绪波动和注意力不集中)”以及后文“For example, if a person is upset, sad, or angry, self-regulation helps him regulate his feelings and then behave in an acceptable and productive way.(例如，如果一个人心烦意乱、悲伤或生气，自我调节可以帮助他调节自己的感觉，然后以一种可接受的、富有成效的方式行事)”可知，本句与上文构成转折关系，指出自律可以帮助人们处理沮丧或失望等情绪。故G选项“但是自我调节可以帮助人们处理沮丧或失望等情绪”符合语境，故选G。
38．根据上文“In addition, self-regulation can also help people handle conflict and strengthen relationships and overall well-being. It can help people calm down after something annoying has happened and refocus their attention on other tasks.(此外，自我调节还可以帮助人们处理冲突，加强人际关系和整体幸福感。它可以帮助人们在一些恼人的事情发生后冷静下来，并将注意力重新集中到其他任务上)”以及后文“People with good self-regulation skills are able to assess whether their behavior is appropriate and can redirect themselves as needed.(具有良好自我调节能力的人能够评估自己的行为是否合适，并在需要时重新调整自己)”可知，本句承接上文说明自我调节帮助人处理冲突的过程，故E选项“然后试着举止得体，适应与他人相处”符合语境，故选E。
39．根据后文“So we can try different approaches to find the proper one. You may be able to keep stress under control by using stress management techniques such as deep breathing, exercise, and getting enough sleep.(所以我们可以尝试不同的方法来找到合适的方法。你可以通过使用压力管理技巧来控制压力，比如深呼吸、锻炼和充足的睡眠)”可知，本段主要说明了提高自我调节的方法。故C选项“事实上，像许多应对技巧一样，自我调节是可以提高的”符合语境，故选C。
40．Memorable advertising can appeal to our emotions or can be connected to our own lives. 41．By adding an emotional or personal aspect to the most important part of the advertisement and creating a fictional character that represents the brand. 42．In the advertisement of a leading consumer goods company, it encouraged people to see their negative aspects and triggered very strong emotional responses. The advertisement encouraged people to see the positives in their looks, rather than the negatives. 43．Yes. Advertisements can always attract people to buy products through exquisite designs and beautiful models. Advertising can give people the illusion that by buying the product, you can live a better life or become as beautiful as a model.

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了广告的作用和制作广告的方法。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段“When creating advertisements, companies tend to design some parts that appeal to our emotions or can be connected to our own lives. This is called memorable advertising. (在制作广告时，公司倾向于设计一些吸引我们情感的部分，或者可以与我们自己的生活联系起来。这就是所谓的令人难忘的广告)”可知，令人难忘的广告可以吸引我们的情感，或者与我们自己的生活联系起来。故答案为Memorable advertising can appeal to our emotions or can be connected to our own lives.
41．考查细节理解。根据第二段“So, one way to make memorable advertising is by adding an emotional or personal aspect to the most important part of the advertisement. (因此，制作令人难忘的广告的一种方法是在广告的最重要部分添加情感或个人方面)”以及最后一段“Another way to make memorable advertising is by creating a fictional character that represents the brand. (制作令人难忘的广告的另一种方法是创造一个代表品牌的虚构人物)”可知，制作令人难忘的广告主要是通过在广告最重要的部分添加情感或个人方面，和创造一个代表品牌的虚构人物。故答案为By adding an emotional or personal aspect to the most important part of the advertisement and creating a fictional character that represents the brand.
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“The advertisement encouraged people to see the positives in their looks, rather than the negatives. (这则广告鼓励人们看到自己外表的优点，而不是缺点)”可知，故错误部分为“negative aspects”，这则广告鼓励人们看到自己外表的优点，而不是缺点。故答案为In the advertisement of a leading consumer goods company, it encouraged people to see their negative aspects and triggered very strong emotional responses. The advertisement encouraged people to see the positives in their looks, rather than the negatives.
43．考查开放题。根据“当你去购物时，你是否经常受到广告的影响？为什么或者为什么不呢？”可回答：是的。广告总是可以通过精美的设计和美丽的模型吸引人们购买产品。广告可以给人们一种错觉，通过购买产品，你可以过上更好的生活，或者变得像模特一样漂亮。故答案为Yes. Advertisements can always attract people to buy products through exquisite designs and beautiful models. Advertising can give people the illusion that by buying the product, you can live a better life or become as beautiful as a model.
44．Dear Jim,
It’s great to hear from you! As you want to give a gift with Chinese characteristics to your mom, I would suggest a Chinese silk scarf.
Chinese silk scarf is an excellent choice to showcase the beauty of Chinese culture. It is not only sophisticated in pattern and design, but also comfortable to wear. Besides, there are many patterns with rich cultural meanings to choose from. For instance, peony, lotus, and phoenix all represent happiness, prosperity, and good luck in Chinese culture.
I hope this gift will impress your mom and bring her joy. Please convey my best regards and best wishes to her. Looking forward to seeing you soon!
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校交换生Jim打算今年暑假回英国，想送给他的妈妈一件具有中国特色的礼物，特发来邮件就准备什么礼物向你咨询。请你用英文给他回复一封电子邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：suggest→recommend
表达：convey→express
快乐：joy→happiness
选择：choice→option
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：It is not only sophisticated in pattern and design, but also comfortable to wear.
拓展句：Not only is it sophisticated in pattern and design, but also it is comfortable to wear.
【点睛】[高分句型1] As you want to give a gift with Chinese characteristics to your mom, I would suggest a Chinese silk scarf. (运用了as引导原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] I hope this gift will impress your mom and bring her joy. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)