精品解析：贵州省遵义市部分高中2022-2023学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题（原卷版）

2022～2023学年下学期高二期中考试试卷

英语

注意事项：

1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分  听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Doctor and patient. B. Professor and student. C. Fellow workers.

2. Where does the man want to go?

A. To the Donghu Park. B. To the History Museum. C. To the City Library.

3. Why does the woman prefer to go to Shanghai by car?

A. It is convenient. B. It is cheap. C. It is fast.

4 How many words does the man learn each week?

A. Fifteen. B. Ten. C. Six.

5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A classmate. B. A workmate. C. A neighbor.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. When did the woman start to play the piano?

A. At 5 years old. B. At 11 years old. C. At 16 years old.

7. Why did the man play a lot of sports?

A. He never liked the guitar.

B. He preferred playing sports.

C. He didn’t have an instrument.

听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。

8. Why is the woman flying to New York?

A. To give a report. B. To meet a customer. C. To attend an exhibition.

9. Where will Paul go first?

A. The coffee shop. B. The home office. C. Mr. Smith’s house.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where is the man going to have dinner on Friday night?

A. At a restaurant. B. At his sister’s place. C. At his mother’s place.

11. When did the man’s sister move out?

A. During high school.

B. Right after high school.

C. In her second year of college.

12. How often does the man usually see his sister?

A. About once a week. B. About once a month. C. About once a year.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. In which year did the man start to volunteer?

A. 2014. B. 2020. C. 2015.

14. What is the reason for the man to choose to volunteer after retirement?

A. Putting his experience and knowledge to use.

B. Finding a good way to kill time.

C. Developing a new hobby.

15. What volunteer job is the man doing now?

A. Being a guide.

B. Offering food to the homeless.

C. Teaching in local schools.

16 What does the man gain from volunteering?

A. A sense of purpose. B. Free education. C. Love for life.

听第10段材料，回答第l7至20题。

17. What might the speaker be?

A. A resident. B. A fire fighter. C. A news reporter.

18. Where did the fire start?

A. From a park.

B. From a store.

C. From an apartment building.

19. When did the fire happen?

A. Early last night. B. Late last night. C. An hour ago.

20. How did the people of Battery Park sound?

A. Surprised. B. Calm. C. Frightened.

第二部分  阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Welcome to La Tomatina!

La Tomatina is a food fight festival held on the last Wednesday of August each year in the town of Bunol near to Valencia in Spain. Thousands upon thousands of people make their way from all corners of the world to fight in this world’s biggest food fight festival where more than one hundred metric tons of tomatoes are thrown in the streets.

What Happens at La Tomatina

At around 11 am, many trucks transport tomatoes into the centre of the town, Plaza del Pueblo. The signal for the beginning of the fight is firing of water cannons (水炮). Once it begins, the battle is generally every man for himself.

The fight lasts for nearly two hours. The cleaning process includes the use of fire trucks to spray down the streets. The authorities seem more concerned with cleaning the town that is a mess than cleaning the visitors, so some people find water at the Bunol River to wash themselves.

The Rules of La Tomatina

•Don’t bring bottles or hard objects as they can cause accidents and hurt other participants.

•Don’t tear others’ T-shirts.

•You must crush (压碎) the tomatoes before throwing to reduce the impact.

•When you hear the second shot, no more tomatoes can be thrown, otherwise there will be fines.

Useful Advice

•Wear old clothes and shoes that you do not mind throwing away afterwards.

•Ensure you always have something clean to wipe your eyes with. You may find goggles (护目镜) useful.

•If you’re planning to take pictures, bring a waterproof camera!

•If you aren’t from Bunol, don’t forget to look for accommodation in advance.

Warning

Remember that you must have a ticket! No ticket, no entry. For more information about the official entry tickets, click here!

1. What are the participants supposed to do at La Tomatina?

A. Clean the streets. B. Wash themselves.

C. Fight through teamwork. D. Bring their own tomatoes.

2. What is forbidden during the festival event?

A. The use of hard objects. B. The fight between people.

C. The use of crushed tomatoes. D. The touch with others’ T-shirts.

3. What is a must for a person to join in La Tomatina?

A. Wearing clean and formal clothes. B. Checking in a hotel ahead of time.

C. Getting the admission to the event. D. Bringing a good waterproof camera.

B

Every day, there are 25, 000 flights in America. Accidents are so rare that flying is much safer than car travel. But that doesn’t stop many people from panic when they are moving at 500 miles per hour, 33, 000 feet above the ground. Not being at the controls makes us feel a bit helpless. When the negative thoughts begin to swirl (打旋), even in a very safe place, we will suddenly feel panic.

That’s what happened recently to a woman flying on a commercial airline. Many of us can go along doing ordinary things and suddenly be overcome with fear. The physical symptoms are real, and it requires a calming force to steady our emotions. In panic mode, every sound and movement feels like a threat. The passengers responded accordingly, jumping at every sound and the slightest turbulence (骚乱).

Floyd Dean - Shannon noticed a woman’s distress. As a flight attendant, he has plenty to do during a flight. But he stopped and spoke comfortingly to the woman. Floyd calmly explained what the noise was and that it was normal. As the woman began to calm down a bit, Floyd sat down in the aisle beside her and held her hand. He told her she was safe. He made her feel safe. He sat with her through the entire flight. At one point, Floyd learned it was another passenger’s birthday, so he led the plane in a song to celebrate — another way of making the woman feel safe by distracting her from her fears. He stayed by the woman’s side until it was time to land.

We all have friends who become distressed, who over worry, who may struggle with some difficulties that keep them from enjoying life. Like Floyd, we can be open enough to see, and to be there. We don’t have to be professional counselors; we just need to be friends.

4. Why do some people feel fearful when on a flight?

A. They have a negative memory. B. There are 25,000 flights at the same time.

C. There are more plane accidents than car accidents. D. The speed and height make them feel helpless.

5. What does the underlined word “distress” in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Anger. B. Worry. C. Surprise. D. Sorrow.

6. Which of the following words best describe Floyd?

A. Brave and sympathetic. B. Ambitious and determined.

C. Patient and considerate. D. Sensitive and modest.

7. What is the most suitable title for the text?

A. Overcoming fear sometimes requires a patient friend B. Why do we suddenly feel scared when flying

C. How should we deal with the sudden fear D. Airline travel is much safer than car travel in America

C

What if AI could interpret your imagination, turning images in your mind into reality? While that sounds like a detail in a science fiction, researchers have now accomplished exactly this. Researchers found that they could reconstruct highly accurate images from brain activity by using the popular stable diffusion (扩散) image generation model. The authors wrote that unlike previous studies, they didn’t need to train the AI models to create these images.

The researchers said that they first predicted a potential representation, which is a model of the image’s data, from fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) signals. Then, the model was processed and noise was added to it through the diffusion process. Finally, the researchers decoded (解码) text representations from fMRI signals and used them as input to produce a final constructed image.

The researchers wrote that a few studies have produced good reconstructions of images but it was only after training. This resulted in limitations because training complex models are challenging and there are not many samples to work with. Prior to this new study, no other researchers had tried using diffusion models for visual reconstruction.

In the past, we’ve seen other examples of how brainwaves and brain functions can create images. In 2014, a Shanghai - based artist Jody Xiong used sensors to connect sixteen people with disabilities to balloons of paint. The people would then use their thoughts to burst specific balloons and create their own paintings.

With the advancement of AI, more and more researchers have been testing the ways AI models can work with the human brain. In a January 2022 study, researchers at Radboud University in the Netherlands trained an AI network on fMRI data from 1, 050 unique faces and converted the brain imaging results into actual images. The study found that the AI was able to perform reconstruction. In the latest study, the researchers found that current diffusion models can now achieve high-quality visual reconstruction.

8. How did researchers make images from brain activity in the previous research?

A. By using generation model. B. By training AI models.

C. By reconstructing mind. D. By predicting people’s imagination.

9. Where are images’ data from?

A. The fMRI signals B. The diffusion text.

C. The processed model. D. The text representation.

10. Why do the researchers think their new study is meaningful?

A. Their training work is very challenging.

B. They’ve made training models less complex.

C. Nobody has reconstructed images by brainwaves.

D. They can reconstruct accurate images from brain activity.

11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Few researchers have used AI to make reconstruct images.

B. Scientists should do more to make high - quality reconstruction.

C. The AI models should be improved to work with fMRI data.

D. The AI contributes a lot to good visual reconstruction.

D

Plastic waste is choking our planet. People are trying to help fix it by recycling, but their efforts aren’t going far enough. Even when plastic producers are held responsible and attempt to solve the problem, it doesn’t always go smoothly. Such has been the case for the company Torus Pak, which produces novel packaging for frozen meals on a large scale.

Like many other black plastic products, the Torus Pak packages used a carbon-based pigment (颜料). This pigment troubles the sorting technology which is used by many recycling facilities, so black plastic usually ends up being thrown away because the machines can’t identify it. Now the company is midway through the complex process of phasing out that pigment and switching that pigment to one that doesn’t use carbon.

But that doesn’t mean the problem is solved, for the recycling rate at the waste facility itself is not encouraging. Your discarded plastic may end up in a landfill even if you send it to be recycled. Worldwide, only about nine percent of all the plastic waste has been recycled, which amounts to less than 600 million tons out of over 6 billion. While one might assume the proportion of plastic being recycled is on the increase due to improved tech and increased public awareness of environmental protection, it’s actually become even lower in many places in recent years.

“The world wasn’t always flooded with single-use plastic products,” said Lisa Ramsden, senior plastic campaigner for Greenpeace USA. “We know how to live without them. We’ve just got used to a convenience culture that relies so heavily on them.”

The solution is obvious. To get out of this habit, we should stop using so much plastic, starting with many of the items we use just once for a few minutes. Companies need to shift toward using more refillable and reusable containers, and packaging made from materials that are less harmful to the environment. Governments must mandate (强制执行) such changes a goal we’re now finally inching closer to every day.

12. What is the problem with Torus Pak packages?

A. They are expensive for customers.

B. Their production process is complex.

C. Their pigment is hardly appealing.

D. They are hard to define recyclable.

13. What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 3?

A. The reason for recycling plastic waste.

B. The potential of recycling plastic waste.

C. The outcome of recycling plastic waste.

D. The objective of recycling plastic waste.

14. What is advised to solve the plastic pollution in the text?

A. Advancing recycling technology.

B. Reducing the use of plastic products.

C. Setting higher environmental goals.

D. Making some stricter relevant laws.

15. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Recycling fail to solve plastic pollution.

B. A company contributes a lot to recycling.

C. Great changes happen in recycling plastic.

D. Plastic pollution is increasingly worsening.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项.

Studying is important for numerous reasons, and getting good marks is not the primary one. When it comes to studying chemistry, many students consider the field is not important enough to be explored. ____16____

Believe it or not, chemistry is part of our everyday life. We encounter numerous principles of chemistry without even realizing it.____17____ Whenever you eat, drink, or even breathe air, certain chemical reactions occur in your body. And without chemistry, we would not be able to explain how these processes work.

____18____ Different tasks you complete when cooking involve various chemical reactions. Whether you are heating food, or mixing different ingredients (原料) together, you are observing various physical and chemical processes. Therefore, studying chemistry allows you to better understand how chemical processes work you cook food, enabling your cooking skills to the next level.

Product labels (标签) tell you everything you need to know. The part of the label that lists the ingredients is probably what you should be paying most attention to. But how do you know which ingredients are good and which not?____19____ By studying chemistry, you can not only read but also understand product label, of everything you may need to use in life.

While experiments are usually conducted in labs, you can also perform some fun experiments at home.____20____ As many of the household products you already own are made of certain chemicals, they can act as reagents (试剂) for the reactions. There are plenty of kid-friendly experiments that you can perform using the materials you already have.

A. The answer lies in chemistry.

B. However, the truth is the opposite.

C. Cooking itself is actually all about chemistry.

D. You can know how chemicals work as you cook it.

E Many daily events are results of chemical reactions.

F. You may not realize how many chemicals you know.

G. And you do not even need special chemicals for that.

第三部分  语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I’m feeling pretty good right now, despite the fact that I suffered from dementia (痴呆) two years ago. I’ve always been ____21____ and this quality has benefited me a lot.

I joined the police force in 1978 when there were very few women in that ____22____. I had been working hard to ____23____ that I was no worse than a man. That accounted for why it was difficult for me to ____24____ when my health changed.

I had three strokes (中风) in my 50s, which ____25____ memory problems. I still tried to work part-time, but I kept having ____26____ blanks about important things. There was a morning when I had to sit on my bed for 15 minutes as I just couldn’t remember how to get dressed.____27____, I was diagnosed (诊断) with dementia later in 2017. Hearing the news, I ____28____ and cried for almost three months. It felt like a death sentence.

Thinking back, this indicates exactly the way we used to talk about dementia. People ____29____ to think that when you have dementia, you become a person unable to ____30____, sitting silent in a corner. Actually, this just isn’t the ____31____. Changing the way people think about dementia is something that I’m ____32____ in.

I feel the only way that we can change the ____33____ opinion about dementia is that people affected by the condition speak out, and I made it. People are always ____34____ when I tell them I have dementia and ____35____ when they see me lead a positive life and even give talks at events.

21. A. generous B. active C. selfless D. witty

22. A. profession B. program C. interaction D. campaign

23. A. realize B. complain C. inform D. prove

24 A. disturb B. blame C. adjust D. control

25. A. caused B. solved C. ignored D. encountered

26. A. contrast B. knowledge C. sample D. memory

27. A. In fact B. For example C. Worse still D. Most importantly

28. A. gave in B. broke down C. came up D. set off

29. A. guarantee B. promise C. pretend D. tend

30. A. chat B. operate C. drink D. float

31. A. excuse B. solution C. case D. point

32. A. experienced B. disappointed C. concerned D. engaged

33. A. genuine B. negative C. innovative D. distinct

34. A. shocked B. disappointed C. excited D. puzzled

35. A. frequently B. constantly C. especially D. normally

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Food wasting is still on the increase worldwide currently. In the United States alone, grocery stores throw away ____36____ (billion) of pounds of food every year. Sometimes it’s because the food is nearing its sell-by date, even though that doesn’t mean it can’t be eaten. Other times, it’s ____37____ (simple) because the food is strange-looking, even though the food is in good condition. Whatever the reason is, there is more and more food waste in landfills, contributing greatly ____38____ the production of greenhouse gases.

In early 2016 in France, a law was passed to prevent food from ____39____ (throw) away by large grocery stores, as long as the food is still safe to eat. French stores can choose to donate it to charities such as food banks. The law makes ____40____ much easier for stores to donate their food since grocery stores ____41____ (large) than 4,300 square feet must sign contracts with food banks. Grocery stores ____42____ don’t follow the law must pay a heavy fine up to almost 4,000 dollars. This is a major step in helping reduce food waste and dealing with ____43____ (hungry) as well.

The law doesn’t stop there. In addition, it requires that French schools teach children about food waste and what they can do to help fix the problems ____44____ (bring) about by food waste.

France was the first country in the world to pass a law like this, and since 2016, it _____45_____ (become) a world leader in reducing food waste.

第四部分  写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 你校英文报正在举行主题为“How I Got Through My Hard Time”的征文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：

1. 你的困境；

2. 你摆脱困境的方法。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

How I Got Through My Hard Time

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节(满分25分)

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One day Gina received a smartphone. But she didn’t know how to use it. So Gina went to her daughter’s house to ask her grandson, Josh, for help.

When seeing Josh, Gina asked him for help. “Sorry Grandma. I have to leave for baseball now,” Josh answered from the sofa, his eyes locked on his own phone. Then he stood up, took his baseball bag, and left. Over the next few days, Gina went to see Josh several times. However, Josh always had something to do, giving excuses such as going to the movies.

Gina finally understood Josh actually didn’t want to help her. She stopped asking him. She turned to some friends for help. Before long, she learned how to use her phone to read stories, communicate with friends, etc.

Later, on a Monday evening, Gina visited her daughter, Oona. They happily talked when Josh was making dinner. Suddenly, they heard Josh crying out. Oona rushed towards the kitchen. Gina followed and found Josh’s hands burned by hot water by accident. “Mom, I think we need to go to the hospital,” Oona said. “Yes, I’ll drive,” Gina said.

At last, the doctor said Josh would be fine after a few days, but his hands would be bandaged (用绷带包扎). Josh was also advised not to go to school for some days so he could rest and get better soon. Oona asked Josh’s best friend to tell him his homework.

On Wednesday, Josh was alone at home. His grandma came to help make lunch for him, because he couldn’t use his hands. While Gina was cooking, Josh wanted to check his homework. His friend had sent his homework assignment to his phone through emails and text messages. But Josh couldn’t operate his phone. He realized he had to ask his grandma to help him out.

And he suddenly remembered he had refused to help his grandma when she asked for help with her phone. He was regretful and afraid she wouldn’t help him. But he decided to have a try.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Grandma,” he finally said, standing before the kitchen,

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Then, Gina sent Josh’s homework assignment to his computer.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

听力答案：1～5 CBAAB  6～10 ACCBC  11～15 BBCAC  16～20 ACBAC