初中英语中考考点词汇精讲(共10个)
展开中考英语考点词汇精讲1.grow upgrow up意为“长大;成熟;成长”。例如:I grew up in Beijing.我是在北京长大的。I want to be a football player when I grow up.我长大后相当一名足球运动员。【拓展】(1)grow into意为“长大成为”。例如:Mary grew into a beautiful girl.玛丽长成了一个漂亮的姑娘。(2)grow还有“种植;增长”的意思。例如:The farm grows all kinds of crops, such as rice, wheat and cotton.这个农场种植各种各样的庄稼。例如:稻谷、小麦和棉花。The population of the world is growing faster and faster.世界人口增加得越来越快。2.make suremake sure=be sure,意思是“确信”,它的后面可以跟that(可省略)引导的宾语从句、动词不定式或of短语。例如:I am sure of his guilt.我确定他有罪。I am sure to help you tomorrow.我明天一定会帮你。I am sure(that)he will achieve his goal.我确定他会实现目标的。3.educationeducation是名词,意为“教育;教育学”。例如:Everyone wants to have a good education.每人都想有一个良好的教育。His lack of education is a disadvantage when he looks for a job.他缺少教育,这在找工作时是一个不利条件。【拓展】educational是形容词,意为“教育的,有教育意义的”,常作定语。例如:The staff should make sure the kids have an enjoyable and educational day.老师们应该确保孩子们度过愉快而有教育意义的一天。Several educational methods are being used at present.很多种教育的方式目前正在被使用。4.sendsend是及物动词,意为“寄,发送”,过去式和过去分词都是sent,其后能接双宾语,即send sb.sth.=send sth.to sb.。例如:He sent me a postcard.= He sent a postcard to me.他寄给我一张明信片。【拓展】动词接双宾语时,有两种结构:(1)动词 + 间接宾语(sb.)+ 直接宾语(sth.)(2)动词 + 直接宾语(sth.)+ 介词(for/to)+ 间接宾语(sb.)能接双宾语的动词可分为两类:(1)常用介词to的动词有:send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell等。例如:give sb.sth.= give sth.to sb. show sb.sth.= show sth.to sb.(2)常用介词for的动词有:buy; sing; make; cook; get等。例如:buy sb.sth.= buy sth.for sb. make sb.sth.= make sth.for sb.5.resolutionresolution为可数名词,意为“决心;决定”,常与make形成固定词组搭配:make a resolution意为“做决定;下决心”。例如:People write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year.人们写下他们的决心以及对来年的计划。 He made a resolution to study hard.他下决心要努力学习。6.hobby hobby为可数名词,意为“业余爱好;兴趣”,其复数形式为hobbies。例如:I collect stamps as a hobby.我的爱好是收集邮票。My hobbies are letter writing, football, music, photography, and tennis.我的业余爱好是写信、踢足球、听音乐、玩摄影和打网球。My hobby is to read books.我的爱好是读书。7.agree withagree with意为“同意……;赞成……”,后面接表示人或表示“意见;观点”的词。例如:She agreed with me.她同意我的意见。I quite agree with what you said.我完全同意你说的话。【拓展】(1)agree to意为“赞同;同意”,后面接表示“计划;提议;办法;安排”等词,to是介词。例如:They agree to my idea.他们同意我的想法。Do you agree to this arrangement? 你同意这个安排吗?(2)agree还可以用于that从句前,表示“同意;一致认为”。例如:We all agreed that it was a good plan.我们一致认为这是一项好计划。It was agreed that another meeting was necessary.大家一致认为有必要再开一次会。8.personalpersonal是形容词,意为“个人的;私人的”。例如:This is a personal letter.这是一封私人信件。Can I ask you a personal question?我可以问你一个私人问题吗?【拓展】personality是名词,意为“个性;性格”。例如:She has such a kind, friendly personality.她个性善良友好。It completely depends on your personality.这完全由你的性格决定。9.improveimprove是动词,意为“改进;改善;提高”。例如:You’d better work out a plan to improve your writing skills.你最好制定一个精心提高写作能力的计划。We haven’t discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改进它的办法。【注意】improve的意思是“改进;使更好(make better)”,已包含better之意,因而不能再与better连用。【拓展】improvement是名词,意为“改善;改进;提高”。例如:This essay represents a considerable improvement on your recent work.这篇论文说明你最近的工作取得了相当大的改进。10.discussdiscuss是动词,意为“讨论;商量”。常用短语为:discuss sth.with sb.意为“和某人谈论某事”。例如:We discussed our plans for the new term.我们讨论了我们的新学期计划。You needn’t discuss this matter with me.你不必和我讨论这件事。【注意】discuss一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语,但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或从句。例如:They are discussing how to do it.他们在讨论该怎么做这件事。We discussed when we should leave.我们商量了该什么时候动身。【拓展】argue与discuss的辨析(1)argue着重于自己的看法、立场,提出论据,以理说服他人。例如:There is no need arguing about the matter.不必就此事辩论了。(2)discuss重在交换意见,进行讨论,不含有说服对方的成分。例如:We’re going to discuss the question.我们打算讨论这个问题。