甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

这是一份甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷（含答案），共17页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
甘肃省兰州第一中学2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Explorers Camp
•Full day camp for kids aged 5—13.
•Monday-Friday, July 8—26, 9 am—4 pm.
Week 1 | July 8—12
Week 2 | July 15—19
Week 3 | July 22—26
•Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9 am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme(1 pm to 4 pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Content
Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history, and science-related activities in every class and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
1、On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund?
A. June 22. B. June 12. C. July 19. D. July 26.
2、How are campers divided into different groups?
A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age.
3、How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week?
A. 30. B. 21. C. 15. D. 42.
Somewhere in the warm, clear waters off the coast of Australia, a mature bottlenose dolphin is swimming with her daughter. It's dinnertime. But, instead of chasing down a fish in open waters like she usually does, mom swims over to a basket sponge(海绵) growing on the ocean floor. In a quick move, she breaks off a piece of the sponge, then fits it closely over her mouth. It's hard not to wonder what that watchful youngster might be thinking about all this. Are you going to eat that sponge? Are we playing?
With the sponge secured on her beak, the older dolphin starts sweeping her head back and forth across the ocean floor. She ' s looking for fish like the sand perch(沙鲈), which hide themselves on the floor of the sea under the sand. As for the sponge stuck onto her mouth, it allows her to clear away the sand without injuring herself on broken pieces of coral, or maybe even suffering the sting(刺痛) of the scorpion fish. The extra work it takes to catch a fish like the sand perch is worth it because they tend to be fattier. And for a dolphin, fattier means more nutritious.
Sure enough, after a few minutes, a sand perch comes out. The fish dashes off for a few yards and then hesitates, waiting for a moment before burying itself in the sand again. In that brief pause, the elder dolphin shakes off the sponge, surfaces fora breath, and then comes down and catches the sand perch before it can rebury itself. She then passes it to her daughter. And with that, the younger dolphin hasn’t just gotten a good meal; more importantly, she's learned a powerful hunting technique—one that years from now, she'll pass along to her own children.
4、Which word best describes the young dolphin's feeling in the first paragraph?
A.Anxious. B. Curious. C. Scared. D. Relaxed
5、Why does the mother dolphin need a piece of sponge?
A. To chase down fattier fish. B. To play with her children.
C. To protect herself from being hurt. D. To hide herself under the sand.
6、How does the older dolphin catch the sand perch?
A. She waits for the right time. B. She hides under the sand.
C. She sets a trap for it. D. She makes use of space.
7、What is the text mainly about?
A. Guidance of an experienced elder.
B. The process of catching fat fish.
C. The powerful hunting technique.
D. Reliance of a young dolphin on her mom.
    I’m fond of EHS because English is my favorite subject. Though that sounds like the beginning paragraph of a suck-up(奉承者), it’s true. I love reading and writing, and while I may not be the best at it, certainly try my hardest. I intend to run for EHS Vice President, along with Jordan Pincus, because I feel that’s the best position for me in this Honor Society. I want to be able to share my own ideas on how to better improve EHS without being the absolute top, and what better position for that than Vice President.
    I feel I’m qualified for this position because I’m full of great ideas and love English. I actually get English, and get along very well with others, which is very important for a board member. As a team, Jordan and I work very well together. Despite some disagreeing from time to time, the two of us actually end up getting more done at a faster pace, and because we spend most of our time together, communication issues are not a problem. Nothing is better for Vice Presidents to have than two people who are always together. On top of that, we are both devoted to anything we start, so EHS will never be ignored by either of us.
    I will contribute all I can to EHS, whether in making sure meetings run smoothly or finding new projects/events for the club to do as a whole. I personally believe that I am fit for the job and will be able to perform tasks above the highest exceptions placed on me, which may sound a little prejudiced but I really think I'm fit for this! Thank you for reading this and taking me into consideration.
8、Why does the author want to be EHS Vice President?
A.He is very good at English. B.He has a talent for leadership.
C.He is very willing to help others. D.He thinks he is fit for the position.
9、What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2?
A.The author and Jordan can cooperate well.
B.The author and Jordan are good friends.
C.Jordan often quarrels with the author.
D.Communication is very important for friends.
10、What does “that” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Being EHS Vice President. B.Being always together.
C.Communicating with each other. D.Having good ideas.
11、What can we know about EHS?
A.It is short for “Honor Society”. B.It is a club related to English.
C.It can improve the students’ results. D.It often organizes some activities.
A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent(透明的) electronic skin to monitor human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics. This new e-skin integrates a flexible transparent supercapacitor(超级电容器) as an energy storage device with a stretchable transparent strain sensor(应变传感器). Thanks to its mechanical softness, the integrated e-skin can be directly attached to various parts on the body.
As the largest organ of human body, skin is responsible for multiple major functions such as protection, perspiration(出汗), regulation of body temperature, and sensory stimulation(感觉刺激). It forms the basis of people’s physical interactions with the outside world.
The ideal e-skin should be highly sensitive, self-powered, and suitable for the human skin. “Inspired by sensory functions and performance of real human skin, we have made the new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve multiple functions. After charging, it is capable of monitoring of people’s subtle physical signals and multi-scaled activities in real-time. It can measure a person’s pulse, tell when they are swallowing, and detect other body movements,” said Lan Wei, a professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology of Lanzhou University and the leader of the research team.
E-skin is the core of future wearable electronic devices. The new invention can be applied in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality and artificial intelligence. For example, it could help surgeons control surgical robots more precisely(精确地), enable people to “touch” over long distances, and create more immersive(沉浸式的) gaming experiences.
Going ahead, the research team will focus on strengthening the sensory capacity and power supply of the e-skin, making it even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more adaptive to various future applications.
12、What is the purpose of the new wearable e-skin?
A. To monitor human activities.
B. To regulate body temperature.
C. To slow down the aging of human skin.
D. To improve the flexibility of human skin.
13、What is special about the new e-skin according to Lan Wei?
A. It has large battery storage.
B. It can be attached to human skin directly.
C. It can meet diverse functional requirements.
D. It is highly sensitive to environmental change.
14、What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the new e-skin?
A. Its target users. B. Its medical value.
C. Its working theory. D. Its application potential.
15、Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. Electronic Skin: A New Breakthrough
B. Electronic Skin: A Technology Reform
C. Electronic Skin: The Welfare to Human Health
D. Electronic Skin: The Model of Wearable Devices
二、七选五
16、 Thomas Derksen was born in Germany in 1988 and married a Chinese girl, Zhu Liping, in 2014. After that, they chose to live in Shanghai. One weekend he went to the Snake Artificial Island in Shanghai to fish with his Chinese father-in-law. ①_____.
On the journey to the island, Derksen's father-in-law, "old Zhu", called five of his friends one by one promising to give them each two fish. However, it proved difficult to catch more than the two fish which Derksen hooked. ②_____.
In the end, to honor the promises, they went to a nearby market to buy a dozen fish.
Derksen describes this funny thing in his German book about his trying to win over his wife's tough Chinese father. The book published in April has sold more than 20,000 copies in Germany. ③_____. The book has been so far translated into Chinese, titled Meet the Tiger Father-in-Law. The first run of 5,100 copies has sold out.
What caused Derksen to write this book? In fact, he had been thinking of how to let German people learn more about China. ④_____. So, he wrote down all the funny things that he had experienced in China to help German readers better know about Chinese culture.
⑤_____. Despite the convenience of the Internet and social media, it is common for people to harbor cultural stereotypes(刻板印象) of other countries. Derksen said, "To change people's stereotypical view of another country, one of the best ways is to visit the country in person, to take a look and to experience the local customs and traditions. People often communicate with each other better when that is the case."
A. His friend suggested that he write a book
B. There are many challenges in a mixed marriage
C. They are very enthusiastic about the Chinese history
D. He thought it was a good opportunity to improve their relationship
E. It's popular for its vivid and amusing details about Chinese people and culture
F. The unhappy father-in-law and the nervous son-in-law barely exchanged a word
G. Understanding is key to the communication between people from different cultures
三、完形填空（15空）
When you say that someone has a good memory, what exactly do you mean? Are you saying that the person has fast recall or that he or she 1 information quickly? Or maybe you just mean that the person remembers a lot about her or his childhood. The truth is that it is 2 to say exactly what memory is. Even scientists who have been studying memory for decades say they are still trying to 3 exactly what it is. We do know that a particular memory is not just one thing stored somewhere in the brain. 4 , a memory is made up of bits and pieces of information stored all over the brain. Perhaps the best way to 5 memory is to say that it is a process—a process of recording, storing, and getting back information. Practice and repetition can help to 6 the pieces that make up our memory of that information.
Memory can be 7 affected by several things. 8 nutrition can affect a person's ability to store information. Excessive alcohol use can also weaken memory and cause permanent 9 to the brain over the long term. A vision or hearing problem may affect a person's ability to notice certain things, thus making it 10 to record information in the brain.
When people talk about memory, they often 11 short-term memory and long-term memory. If you want to call a store or an office that you don't call often, you look in the telephone book for the number. You dial the number, and then you forget it! You use your short-term memory to remember the number. Your short-term memory lasts about 30seconds, or half a minute.
12 , you don't need to look in the telephone book for your best friend's number, because you already know it. This number is in your long - term memory, which 13 information about things you have learned and experienced through the years.
Why do you forget things sometimes? The major reason for forgetting something is that you did not learn it well enough 14 . For example, if you meet some new people and right away forget their names, it is because you did not 15 the names at the first few seconds when you heard them.
17、A. collects B. processes C. published D. absorbs
18、A. necessary B. important C. difficult D. convenient
19、A. figure out B. take out C. put out D. give out
20、A.After all B. Instead C. By contrast D. Besides
21、A. recall B. refresh C. describe D. decrease
22、A. lose B. organize C. identify D. strengthen
23、A. positively B. negatively C. actively D. directly
24、A. Poor B. Adequate C. Special D. Various
25、A. benefit B. offence C. effect D. damage
26、A. easier B. more impressive C. harder D. more convenient
27、A. refer to B. apply for C. come across D. break down
28、A. Furthermore B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise
29、A. leaks B. transmits C. checks D. stores
30、A. in the middle B. at the end C. in the beginning D. ahead of time
31、A. restore B. record C. replace D. respond
四、短文填空
32、 As Shanxi Province suffered a record-breaking rainfall and floods, thousands of ancient buildings were also ①_____ great risk.
②_____(fortunate), thanks to accurate weather forecasts and a timely response, most of the province's ancient buildings were protected in advance ③_____(prevent) flooding and did not suffer too much damage. However, as a province with the ④_____(large) number of ancient architectural sites in the country Shanxi ⑤_____(know) as the "treasure house of ancient Chinese architecture", but during the recent floods and landslides ⑥_____(cause) by days of heavy rainfall, there are still many ancient buildings in danger.
According to Shanxi Evening News, at least 16 ancient buildings registered partial collapses, cracks, or serious leaking during the rare continuous rainfall, ⑦_____ also affected the safety of the surrounding houses. In Taiyuan, capital city of Shanxi, multiple major historical and cultural sites protected at the ⑧_____(nation) level were damaged to various extent, including the Jin Temple, and the Tianlongshan Grottoes notable for the Buddhist temples located inside. In some temples, roofs leaked after days of rainstorm and the retaining walls collapsed ⑨_____cracked. Roads to scenic ⑩_____(spot) were also damaged by landslides because of the saturated soil.
五、书面表达
33、假如你叫李华,你校将在母亲节这天举办以“感恩父母”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。要点如下:
1.陈述感恩的原因和方式;
2.提出感恩的倡议。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,使行文连贯;
3.文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Good morning, everyone!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you for your listening.
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面的材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“This year is going to be different,” Mark told himself every year. He always said that he would start exercising more and eating less. Every year he made the same resolution(决定), but every year he failed to keep it. However, this year Mark knew it was going to be different because he decided to make changes to his resolution. He learned that it should be more specific for his goal. Only in this way could he be more focused and know exactly where to begin.
Losing weight by taking exercise is very common. Without guidance, Mark was less likely to reach his goal. This year he decided to run at least one mile everyday, which was easy for him. He also said that he tried to eat at least five fruits a week. It could be realized since Mark used to eat two fruits per week at most. As weeks went on, Mark found it easier to keep his resolution because he knew what he had to do. In the past, he would exercise once in a while and eat a diet only sometimes. He did not have a plan on what he was going to do at that time.
Now he did so well that he reached his goal. He felt great about the changes he was making; he felt happier and healthier gradually. He also thought about other things he could do to improve his health. This resolution encouraged him to sleep earlier and drink more water. In the past, he usually watched TV programs for a longtime at night. He knew some TV series were boring, but he just couldn't get up from the sofa because it felt so good. After that he played some video games before going to sleep. Sometimes he forgot about time and went to bed very late. No wonder he felt tired the next morning.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Mark thought a lot about his habits.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What about other changes?
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第八段•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund(退款) is June 15.(•取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日。)可知您可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选B。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Camp Structure部分中的The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.(按年龄组分为两个主题课。)可知露营者按年龄分成不同的小组。故选D。
3、答案：A
解析：数字计算题。根据Camp Structure部分Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9 am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme(1 pm to 4 pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午主题课(上午9点至中午12点)和一个小时的午休时间,然后是另一个三个小时的下午主题课(下午1点至下午4点)。)再结合第二行Monday—Friday, July 8—26, 9 am—4 pm.(周一—周五,7月8日—26日,上午9点—下午4点。)可知如果注册一周,你总共有30课时。故选A。
4、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的But, instead of chasing down a fish in open waters like she usually does, mom swims over to a basket sponge(海绵) growing on the ocean floor.(但是,不像往常那样去开阔的水域捕鱼,妈妈游向了生长在海底的一笼海绵)和Are you going to eat that sponge? Are we playing?(你要吃海绵吗?我们要玩吗?)可知,妈妈的行为和往常不一样,由此推知,小海豚此时是感到好奇的。A.Anxious.焦虑的;B.Curious.好奇的;C.Scared.害怕的;D.Relaxed.放松的。故选B。
5、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的As for the sponge stuck onto her mouth, it allows her to clear away the sand without injuring herself on broken pieces of coral, or maybe even suffering the sting(刺痛) of the scorpion fish.(至于贴在嘴上的海绵,可以让她在不受珊瑚碎片伤害的情况下清除沙粒,也可以防止不被蝎子鱼刺伤)可知,妈妈用海绵是保护自己不受珊瑚碎片的伤害,也可以防止不被蝎子鱼刺伤,即保护自己不受伤害。C.To protect herself from being hurt.(保护自己不受伤害)正确。故选C。
6、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的The fish dashes off for a few yards and then hesitates, waiting for a moment before burying itself in the sand again. In that brief pause, the elder dolphin shakes off the sponge, surfaces for a breath, and then comes down and catches the sand perch before it can rebury itself.(这条鱼猛冲了几码,然后犹豫了一下,等一会儿再次把自己埋在沙子里。就在那个短暂停歇的时刻,海豚妈妈把海绵抖开,浮出水面呼吸,然后下来,在鲈鱼重新掩埋自己之前抓住了它)可知,海豚妈妈等待沙鲈鱼喘息的时刻快速地抓住了它。由此推知,海豚妈妈通过等待好时机,抓到了鲈鱼。A.She waits for the right time.(她等待合适的时机)正确。故选A。
7、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题,根据文章的主要内容可知,本文讲述了海豚妈妈向孩子传授捕鱼本领的经过,结合最后一段的more importantly, she's learned a powerful hunting technique—one that years from now, she'll pass along to her own children.(更重要的是,她学会了一种强大的狩猎技巧-几年后,她会把它传给她的孩子)可知,小海豚从经验丰富的妈妈那里学会了怎样捕鱼的生存技能,以后她也会再传给下一代。本文说明了一个道理;经验丰富的长辈的指导会代代相传。A.Guidance of an experienced elder.(有经验的长者的指导)正确。故选A.
8、答案：D
解析：细节题。根据第1段中的because I feel that’s the best position for me in this Honor Society可知本题答案。
9、答案：A
解析：主旨题。根据第2段中的“As a team, Jordan and l work very well together.”可知,本段主要讲述了作者与Jordan能够很好地在一起工作。
10、答案：B
解析：词义推断题。根据上文“Nothing is better for Vice Presidents to have than two people who are always together.”可知,that是指“经常在一起”这件事。
11、答案：B
解析：推断题。根据文章首句“I’m fond of EHS because English is my favorite subject.”及最后一段中的for the club可知本题答案。
12、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent(透明的) electronic skin to monitor human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics.(中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤,用于监测人类活动,为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光。)”可知,新型可穿戴电子皮肤的目的是监测人类活动。故选A。
13、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段Lan Wei说的话“Inspired by sensory functions and performance of real human skin, we have made the new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve multiple functions.(我们被传感器功能和真正人类皮肤的表现所激发,把这种新型电子皮肤制成灵活透明的,以提供多种功能。)”可知,Lan Wei认为新的电子皮肤的特别之处是:它能够满足多种功能要求。故选C。
14、答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“E-skin is the core of future wearable electronic devices. The new invention can be applied in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality and artificial intelligence.(电子皮肤是未来可穿戴电子设备的核心。这个新的发明可应用于智能医疗、人机交互、虚拟现实和人工智能等领域。)”可知,第四段主要讲述了新的电子皮肤的应用潜力。故选D。
15、答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A team of Chinese researchers have recently developed a new type of self-powered flexible and transparent(透明的) electronic skin to monitor human activities, shedding light on the future of wearable electronics.(中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤,用于监测人类活动,为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光。)”可知,文章主要介绍了电子皮肤的一个新的突破,A项“电子皮肤:一个新的突破”适合做文章标题。故选A。
16、答案：DFEAG
解析：①推理判断题。空前One weekend he went to the Snake Artificial Island in Shanghai to fish with his Chinese father-in-law(一个周末,他和他的中国岳父去上海的蛇人工岛钓鱼)提到Thomas Derksen和中国岳父一起去钓鱼,故D项"他认为这是改善他们关系的一个好机会"符合语境。D项中的it指代上文提到的一起钓鱼这件事。故选D。
②推理判断题。根据上文On the journey to the island, Derksen's father-in-law, "old Zhu", called five of his friends one by one promising to give them each two fish. However, it proved difficult to catch more than the two fish which Derksen hooked(在去岛的路上,德克森的岳父"老朱"一个接一个地给他的五个朋友打电话,答应给他们每人两条鱼。然而,事实证明,要钓到比德克森钓到的两条鱼还多的鱼是很困难的)提到的Derksen的岳父给五个朋友打电话承诺给每人送两条鱼。可知,除了Derksen钓到的两条鱼之外他们很难再钓到更多的鱼,故接下来应该承接上文描绘在这种情形下两人的反应,F项"不高兴的岳父和紧张的女婿几乎没说一句话"符合语境。故选F。
③推理判断题。根据空前的The book published in April has sold more than 20,000 copies in Germany(4月份出版的这本书在德国已售出2万多本)可知,这本书在德国销量不错故接下来说明这本书受欢迎的原因。E项:它以生动有趣的中国人和文化细节而广受欢迎。中的"I"指代上文提到的The book。故选E。
④细节理解题。根据本段的首句和空后的So he wrote down all the funny things that he had experienced in China to help German readers better know about Chinese culture.(所以他写下了他在中国经历的所有有趣的事情,以帮助德国读者更好地了解中国文化。)可知,空处应该阐述Derksen写书的原因,即他曾思考如何让德国人更多地了解中国,他的朋友建议他写一本书,因此他将他在中国经历的趣事都写了下来。所以"A.His friend suggested that he write a book.他的朋友建议他写一本书。"符合语境。故选A。
⑤推理判断题。下文说到Derksen said, "To change people's stereotypical view of another country, one of the best ways is to visit the country in person, to take a look and to experience the local customs and traditions."(德克森说, "要改变人们对另一个国家的成见,最好的办法之一就是亲自访问这个国家,看看并体验当地的风俗和传统。")Derksen认为,为了改变一个人的文化刻板印象,最好的办法之就是亲自去这个国家,切身感受这个国家的文化,在这种情况下人们经常会更好地沟通。故本段强调了解各国的文化对不同国家的人之间的交流的重要性。所以"G.Understanding is key to the communication between people from different cultures.理解是不同文化的人之间交流的关键。"故选G。
17、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。collect收集;process处理,加工;publish出版;absorb吸收,理解。当说一个人有很好的记忆力时,到底是什么意思?是说这个人可以很快地回忆起某件事情还是能很快的理解信息?
18、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。necessary必要的;important重要的;difficult困难的;convenient方便的。事实是很难说清楚到底记忆力是什么。
19、答案：A
解析：考查固定用法。figure out解决,算出;takeout拿出来;put out扑灭;give out分发,用完,筋疲力尽。甚至连研究了几十年记忆力的科学家们也说他们还在努力去解决记忆力到底是什么。
20、答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。after all毕竟;instead代替,而是;by contrast相比之下;besides而且。我们知道的是特定的记忆不仅仅是储存在大脑的某个地方,而是由存在整个大脑中的信息碎片组成的。
21、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。recall召回,回忆起;refresh恢复精神;describe描述;decrease减少。或许描述记忆力最好的方式是说它是一个过程,一个记录,储存和找回信息的过程。
22、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。lose失去;organize组织;identify确定,鉴定;strengthen加强。练习和重复可以帮助加强组成记忆的信息碎片。
23、答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。positively肯定地;negatively消极地;actively积极地;directly直接地。记忆力可能会受很多事情的消极影响。
24、答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。poor贫穷的,贫乏的;adequate充足的;special特殊的;various各种各样的。缺乏营养会影响一个人储存信息的能力。
25、答案：D
解析：考查名词词义。benefit利益;offence犯罪,过错,攻击;effect效果;damage损害,损坏。过度饮酒也会弱化记忆力,长期下来回造成永久性的大脑损伤。
26、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。视觉或听力问题会影响注意某些特定事情的能力,这样也使信息在大脑中的储存更加困难。
27、答案：A
解析：考查固定用法。refer to指的是;apply for申请;come across偶然遇到;break down发生故障。当人们提到记忆时,往往指的是短期记忆和长期记忆。
28、答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。furthermore此外,而且;however然而;consequently因此,结果;otherwise否则。下文与上文之间表示转折,对比,所以用however。
29、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。leak泄露;transmit传输,传播;check检查;store储存。电话号码是你的长期记忆,长期记忆就是多年来你已经了解的事情。
30、答案：C
解析：考查固定用法。为什么有时会遗忘呢?遗忘主要是因为一开始就没有学好。
31、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。restore恢复,修复;record记录;replace代替;respond反应。如果你遇到一些人,马上就忘记了他们的名字,那是因为你在听到他们名字的前几秒钟根本就没有记下来。
32、答案：①at ②Fortunately ③to prevent ④largest ⑤is known ⑥caused ⑦which ⑧national ⑨and ⑩spots
解析：①考查介词。句意:由于山西省遭受了破纪录的降雨和洪水,成干上万的古建筑也面临着巨大的风险。at risk为固定短语,意为“有危险,处于危险中”。故填at。
②考查副词。句意:幸运的是,由于准确的天气预报和及时的反应,该省大部分古建筑都得到了提前保护,以防止洪水,没有遭受太大的破坏。空处需填副词作状语,修饰整个句子,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Fortunately。
③考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to prevent。
④考查形容词最高级。句意:然而,作为全国古建筑遗址数量最多的省份,山西被誉为“中国古建筑的宝库”,但在最近连日强降雨引发的洪水和山体滑坡中,仍有许多古建筑处于危险之中。空处需填形容词作定语,定冠词the修饰形容词最高级。故填largest。
⑤考查动词时态语态。句意同上。此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,Shanxi和know为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为Shanxi, be动词用is。故填is known。
⑥考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语,修饰名词landslides,二者为逻辑动宾关系,需填过去分词形式caused。故填caused。
⑦考查定语从句。句意:据《山西晚报》报道,在罕见的连续降雨中,至少有16座古建筑出现部分倒塌、裂缝或严重漏水,这也影响了周围房屋的安全。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的句子,在定语从句中作主语,需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
⑧考查形容词。句意:在山西省会太原,多个国家级保护的重要历史文化遗址遭到不同程度的破坏,其中包括金庙和以佛教寺庙而闻名的天龙山石窟。空处需填形容词作定语,修饰名词level。故填national。
⑨考查连词。句意:在一些寺庙,经过几天的暴雨,屋顶漏水,挡土墙倒塌开裂。collapsed和cracked是两个并列的谓语动词,需用连词and连接。故填and。
⑩考查名词。句意:由于土壤饱和,通往景点的道路也被山体滑坡破坏。spot(地点)为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且没有冠词限定,需填名词复数形式。故填spots。
33、答案：
Good morning everyone!
I am Li Hua and I'm very honoured to stand here to share my opinion. My topic is" Thank you, my parents!"
I think my parents are the first people I should thank. It's they who give me life. It's they who teach me knowledge and let me live happily. I should thank my parents for giving me so much. But now I think the best way to pay back my parents is to study well and then be a useful person to the society when I grow up.
Thank you for your listening.
34、答案：
    Mark thought a lot about his habits. He realized that these bad habits always made him feel tired because he couldn't get enough sleep. So he set himself a goal that he just could watch TV or play video games for 30 minutes every day, and he should go to bed before 10 o'clock at night." I'm happy that I decided to make changes. Developing good habits is good for my health," he said to himself.
    What about other changes? Now that Mark became healthier, he tried to make changes in other fields, especially his study. Mark got low marks in his class, but he knew he could make progress if he studied harder. He spent more time reading books and paid more attention to his schoolwork. When he had difficulty in his study, he encouraged himself to make efforts to solve it or asked others for help. Finally, he became an excellent student.