江苏省南京市鼓楼区2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编：阅读填表

江苏省南京市鼓楼区

2021-2023年中考英语二模试题分类汇编

 阅读填表

2023年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

六、 阅读填空(共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)

请认真阅读下面短文, 并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第56—65 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应横线 上。

Nowadays, whenever a customer wants to order food, it's at their fingertips with take-out apps like Meituan and Eleme. All a hungry person has to do is to open the app, scroll through an endless number of restaurant choices, and have the food delivered to their door. That convenience(便捷)and variety (多样性) has made such apps hugely welcome in China, Japan, North American countries and European countries, and especially during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Many users say food delivery apps make their life much easier while others think they're bad for local businesses. What do you think? Should take-out apps be banned (禁止)?

Yes—the convenience isn't worth it

Many restaurants complain that take-out apps are more trouble than they're worth. Some apps take a huge bite of the money from each sale—as much as 25%. Restaurants must either increase their prices or make less money, in an industry where profits(利润) are already slim. Also, they can't always keep up with the increasing number of orders they receive. That makes customers unsatisfied with their service and products. Meanwhile, delivery workers say they're not paid enough for a difficult, dangerous job in which they have to speed through busy streets. And what's more, food delivery causes very serious environmental problems. According to a report, only plastic waste of all deliveries in China came to 1, 600, 000 tons in 2020. Can you imagine what it's like in the whole world?

No—they offer an important service

Food apps bring restaurants more customers. Many of them might not know about their business otherwise. More customers means more orders, so even if the apps charge a fee (收 费), the restaurant still wins. During the past few years when people couldn't go out to eat, the apps helped businesses stay afloat (维持下去) and created millions of restaurant and delivery jobs. Delivery people work hard, but they can choose when and where to work. And for busy people, the apps provide the convenience of getting all kinds of food after a long day at work or school, allowing for more time with family and friends.

2022年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

六、阅读填表(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women seldom had chances for a technical (技术的) education and career. However, the history of women inventors in this period is very long.

The nineteenth-century inventor Margaret Knight was born in the USA in 1838. As a young girl, she was made to work in a cotton factory by her parents. While she was working there, there was an accident and somebody was almost killed by a machine. Margaret was only 12 at the time, but she invented a way to fix the machine so that if there was something wrong again, the machine would shut down at once.

She had more than eighty inventions, from a machine for cutting shoes to improvements for the steam engine. But her most important invention-a machine that produced paper bags with flat bottoms. In fact, the idea for the invention was stolen by the person who made the model for the machine. She had to take legal (法律的) action to be finally recognized (认可) as the owner of the idea. Once Margaret had produced an invention, she would usually sell it for not much money, and when she died in 1914, all she left was only 275 dollars.

Beulah Henry also began inventing things when she was a young girl. In 1912, at age 25, she got her first patent (专利) for an ice-cream freezer. A year later, she designed a parasol-an umbrella for the sun-with changeable covers that went well with women’s clothes. Working out how to fix the covers so that they would not fly away on windy days was difficult, but she solved the problem successfully. In fact, as she herself put it, “The biggest umbrella men in the country told me it could not be done.” The invention earned her about 50,000 dollars from the producers.

She earned 49 patents, but her inventions number around 110. People called her “Lady Edison”. But for someone with such a long career, surprisingly little is known about Beulah Henry’s personal life. She was born in the USA in 1887 and grew up in an artistic family.

These two women’s stories will always give future inventors lots of courage and confidence.

2021年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

六、阅读填表(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。

Bridges are built over roads, rivers, or railways. They appeared a long time ago. Back then, they were built with stones, ropes, logs, and vines. Some were very simple, like a footbridge made out of a big tree. But today, bridges are bigger, stronger, and more modern. This is because we have better technology today.

Bridges are a mix of maths, physics, design, and architecture. They are designed by skilled engineers and they take years to build.

Bridges must be strong enough to support not only their own weight but also the weight of the people and vehicles(交通工具). They must last a long time and be built in a way that protects them from earthquakes , strong winds, and freezing.

The three main types of bridges are arch, beam and suspension. Let's take a closer look at each one.

Arch (拱) bridges were invented a long time ago by the Romans. They were built out of stone or brick, and stood on support structures in the shape of arches. Beam bridges are horizontal(水平的) beams supported by columns. The columns take the weight of the people and vehicles passing on the beam. These bridges are very old as well, and people used stone and trees to build them. Suspension bridges have a tower(索塔) on either side. The towers are connected by cables. They are more modern, with the first ones being built in the early 19th century.

The oldest bridge in the world is the Zhaozhou Bridge in China. It’s an arch bridge made out of stone that was built in 605 A.D. But if you’re looking for one of the most beautiful and famous bridges, it would be the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco .It’s a suspension bridge built in 1937.It has a length of 2.78 kilometres. If you think that’s long, you should see the Danyang-kunshan Grand Bridge in China. It’s over 164. 85 kilometres long! It’s the world’s longest bridge.

答案：

2023年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

56．easier    57．widely    58．ideas/opinions/views    59．quarter/fourth    60．reduce/influence/affect    61．risk    62．disaster    63．attention    64．provide    65．save

【分析】本文讨论了是否应该禁止外卖应用程序。

56．根据“Many users say food delivery apps make their life much easier while others think they’re bad for local businesses.”可知外卖应用程序使用户的生活变得更加容易。故填easier。

57．根据“That convenience(便捷) and variety(多样性) has made such apps hugely welcome in China, Japan, North American countries and European countries, and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.”可知外卖应用程序在全世界被广泛使用，故填widely。

58．根据表格内容可知分为两部分，一部分外卖应用程序提供的便利并不值得，一部分是外卖应用程序提供重要的服务；可知是关于外卖应用程序的不同观点，故填ideas/opinions/views。

59．根据“Some apps take a huge bite of the money from each sale—as much as 25%.”可知应用程序抽成达到百分之二十五，即四分之一，a quarter/fourth“四分之一”。故填quarter/fourth。

60．根据“That makes customers unsatisfied with their service and products.”可知者影响了商家的服务或产品的质量，reduce“减少”或influence/affect“影响”符合，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填reduce/influence/affect。

61．根据“Meanwhile, delivery workers say they’re not paid enough for a difficult, dangerous job in which they have to speed through busy streets.”可知外卖员经常冒着过快的风险在繁忙的街道上穿行，risk“使……冒风险”，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填risk。

62．根据“And what’s more, food delivery causes very serious environmental problems. According to a report, only plastic waste of all deliveries in China came to 1,600,000 tons in 2020.”可知仅在中国，2020年所有外卖中的塑料垃圾就达到160万吨，对环境来说有灾难性的后果，disaster“灾难”，此处用名词单数。故填disaster。

63．根据“Food apps bring restaurants more customers. Many of them might not know about their business otherwise. More customers means more orders, so even if the apps charge a fee(收费), the restaurant still wins.”可知外卖程序帮助餐馆吸引更多顾客的注意力，了解商家的业务，attention“注意力”，故填attention。

64．根据“Food apps bring restaurants more customers.”和“the apps helped businesses stay afloat(维持下去) and created millions of restaurant and delivery jobs”可知外卖程序为餐馆和外卖员带来了更多的工作；根据“with”可知用provide...with“提供”，故填provide。

65．根据“And for busy people, the apps provide the convenience of getting all kinds of food after a long day at work or school, allowing for more time with family and friends.”可知外卖可以为忙碌的顾客有更多的时间陪伴家人和朋友，即节约了做饭或买饭的时间，help sb do sth“帮助某事做某事”，此处用动词原形。故填save。

2022年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

【答案】56. few   

57. inventions##achievements   

58. forced    59. led##caused##inspired   

60. law    61. wealth   

62. surprise   

63. match    64. managed   

65. praise

【解析】

【导语】本文主要介绍了Margaret Knight和Beulah Henry两位女发明家。

【56题详解】

根据文章第一段中的“In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women seldom had chances for a technical (技术的) education and career”可知，在19世纪和20世纪初，很少有女性能够接受技术教育，且“women”是名词复数，故填few。

【57题详解】

根据后文可知，本文主要介绍了Margaret Knight和Beulah Henry两位女发明家的发明/成就和生活，inventions“发明”，achievements“成就”，故填inventions/achievements。

【58题详解】

根据文章第二段中的“As a young girl. she was made to work in a cotton factory by her parents”可知，Margaret Knight年轻时，父母强迫她在一家棉花厂工作，force sb to do sth“强迫某人做某事”，时态是一般过去时，故填forced。

【59题详解】

根据文章第二段中的“While she…machine would shut down at once”可知，一次事故“使/导致/鼓舞”Margaret Knight发明了一种修理机器的方法，lead/cause/inspire“导致/鼓舞”，时态是一般过去时，故填led/caused/inspired。

【60题详解】

根据文章第三段中的“In fact, the idea for the invention was stolen…of the idea.”可知，最后，这一想法的所有者得到了法律的承认，law“法律”，故填law。

【61题详解】

根据文章第三段中的“Once Margaret had produced an invention, she would usually sell it for not much money, and when she died in 1914, all she left was only 275 dollars”可知，Margaret Knight所有的发明没有为她创造财富，wealth“财富”，故填wealth。

【62题详解】

根据文章倒数第二段中的“But for someone with such a long career, surprisingly little is known about Beulah Henry’s personal life”可知，使我们惊讶的是，我们对Beulah Henry的个人生活知道的很少，固定短语To one’s surprise“使某人惊讶的是”，故填surprise。

【63题详解】

根据文章倒数第三段中的“A year later, she designed a parasol-an umbrella for the sun-with changeable covers that went well with women’s clothes”可知，这把伞的可更换伞罩可以搭配女性不同的衣服，“could”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，动词match“匹配”，故填match。

【64题详解】

根据文章倒数第三段中的“Working out how to fix the covers so that they would not fly away on windy days was difficult, but she solved the problem successfully”可知，修理伞罩很困难，但她成功做到了，固定短语manage to do sth“成功做某事”，时态是一般过去时，故填managed。

【65题详解】

根据文章倒数第二段中的“People called her “Lady Edison”可知，她被誉为“女爱迪生”，praise“赞扬”，名词，故填praise。

2021年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题

【答案】56. history   

57. materials   

58. includes   

59. themselves   

60. disasters   

61. taken    62. supported   

63. use    64. facts   

65. considered

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇科普文章，主要介绍了桥梁的建设与发展。

【56题详解】

根据第一段“They appeared a long time ago” 可知有很长的历史，且空格填名词，故填history。

【57题详解】

根据“they were built with stones, ropes, logs, and vines ”可知人们使用不同的材料去建桥。故填materials。

【58题详解】

根据第二段“Bridges are a mix of maths, physics, design, and architecture”可知建桥所用到的科学技术包含各种知识。故填includes。

【59题详解】

根据第三段“Bridges must be strong enough to support not only their own weight”可知桥也要承载自身的重量。故填themselves。

【60题详解】

根据第三段“protects them from earthquakes , strong winds，and freezing”可知这些都属于自然灾害。故填disasters。

【61题详解】

根据第五段“Arch (拱)bridges were invented a long time ago by the Romans. They were built out of stone or brick, and stood on support structures in the shape of arches. ”，可知拱桥是仿照拱门的形状建造的。take after 表示与.……很像，这里是用的被动语态，故填taken。

【62题详解】

根据第五段“Beambridges are horizontal( 水平的) beams supported by columns”可知梁桥是由柱子支撑的水平梁，故填supported。

【63题详解】

根据第五段“with the first ones being built in the early 19th century”，可知早期就已经投入使用，be in use 指投入使用，故填use。

【64题详解】

观察表格结构，最后一段都是在介绍各个桥的相关事实。fact n. 事实，这里列举了几个，可知应该用复数，故填facts。

【65题详解】

根据最后一段“The oldest bridge in the world is the Zhaozhou Bridge in China.”世界上最古老的桥是中国的赵州桥。可知赵州桥被认为是世界上最古老的桥，be considered as 表示被认为是，故填considered。