2023届广东省实验中学高考考前热身英语试题（含解析）

这是一份2023届广东省实验中学高考考前热身英语试题（含解析），共23页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，其他应用文，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023届广东省实验中学高考考前热身英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
The magical world of The Little Prince brought to life!
About the exhibition
French visual artist Arnaud Nazare-Aga has worked with Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Youth Foundation, and together they have designed a unique touring art exhibition of sculptures inspired by the original watercolor illustrations of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry’s book, The Little Prince, as well as photos, manuscripts (手稿) and drawings.
The exhibition will be presented for the very first time in Auckland from 1st June to 25th June, 2023 to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the publication of The Little Prince.
Entitled “The Little Prince in the Dark”, the exhibition attempts to bring Saint-Exupéry’s illustrations to life in a different way. The artist has created 13 all-white sculptures with relief (浮雕). They are displayed in the dark to be discovered by the senses of touch and hearing. All the magic, dreams and poetry of Saint-Exupery’s beloved book will thus be revealed in a new way never imagined before.
What to do
First, start off from the entrance on the first floor to see historical photography describing the great adventure of the pioneering pilot Latécoère. Then, move up to the second floor, where you can find rare original manuscripts and drawings by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry. After that, climb up to the third floor to experience the sculptures. Finally, don’t forget to stop off on your way out at the gift shop right next to the entrance and pick up some Little Prince memorabilia to remember your visit.
Prices
The exhibition is free for everyone!
Opening Times
Tuesday to Sunday, 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
Location
House of Minoima, 26 Greek Street, Auckland
1．Why is the exhibition presented?
A．To introduce a special city tour. B．To honour the production of a book.
C．To promote a French art foundation. D．To celebrate the birthday of a writer.
2．What is special about the exhibition?
A．It presents the illustrations in the dark. B．It can be explored with hands and ears.
C．It offers a unique night-time experience. D．It displays sculptures of the little prince.
3．On which floor(s) can visitors buy gifts?
A．The first floor. B．The second floor.
C．The third floor. D．All floors.

Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, you could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications, will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgment. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.
4．What do the elders mean when they say the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1?
A．You’ll certainly get what you want.
B．It’s no use dreaming.
C．You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
D．It’s essential to set a goal for yourself.
5．What is “a blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner” used as in this passage?
A．an illustration of how to write an application for a job
B．an indication of how to secure a good job
C．a guideline for the description of your desired job
D．a principle for your job evaluation
6．Why must one write an account of himself before starting to find a job?
A．Because that is the first step to please the employer.
B．Because that is the requirement of the employer.
C．Because it enables him to know when to sell his services.
D．Because it forces him to become clearly aware of himself.
7．When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something ________.
A．specific to offer B．imaginary to provide
C．practical to supply D．desirable to present

Until the 1940s, blood transfusions (输血) often went wrong because some main blood-group systems had yet to be discovered. This phenomenon is now a thing of the past, but finding a well-matched donor can still be difficult, especially for patients with rare blood types. Recently, a team of British researchers announced a step towards solving this problem by successfully transfusing into two healthy volunteers red blood cells grown from appropriate stem cells donated by others.
By now, such manufactured red cells have been given only to those whose own stem cells had been the source. The stem cells used for this experiment, however, were extracted from blood donated in the normal way. Then, the harvested stem cells were grown and multiplied in a nutrient solution for about 20 days, which served to turn them into young versions of red blood cells called reticulocytes, which, once transfused, quickly develop into the real McCoy. The lab-made red blood cells would be expected to last longer in a receiver’s body than those from a normal transfusion, since transfused blood unavoidably contains some cells that are on their last legs. The next step is to measure how long the manufactured cells actually do last.
If they do indeed survive traditionally transfused cells, then receivers will not need frequent transfusions. That will help a lot. At the moment, patients with blood disorders such as sickle-cell disease and thalassemia may require a transfusion as often as every four to six weeks. As a consequence, some develop iron overload, which causes severe complications (并发症). Others end up forming antibodies against many blood types, which makes finding a matching donor harder.
If all goes well, the trial will be extended to more volunteers. But larger tests, including tests on actual patients, will be needed before this approach can be put into practice. Even then, the technique will probably be reserved for a favored few-those possessing rare blood types being at the head of the queue. Unless some unforeseen breakthrough occurs, making the cells in quantity will be challenging.
8．What does the underlined part “the real McCoy” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．Red blood cells.
B．Stem cells.
C．Reticulocytes.
D．Nutrient solutions.
9．What can we learn about blood transfusions according to the text?
A．The lab-made red blood cells last longer than those from a normal transfusion.
B．Those with rare blood types may enjoy priority in the transfusion of lab-made red blood cells.
C．Most patients with blood disorders may suffer severe complications and form antibodies.
D．Blood transfusions often go wrong because of people’s ignorance of the main blood systems.
10．What’s the author’s attitude to the mass production of the lab-made red cells in the near future?
A．Indifferent.
B．Optimistic.
C．Hopeless.
D．Cautious.
11．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Development of technology in blood transfusions
B．Transfusion of lab-made red blood cells into humans
C．Red blood cells coming from stem cells of receivers
D．Development and promotion of lab-made blood cells

We often find ourselves struggling to control our thoughts, but why is it so hard to stop our minds wandering? Research found our thoughts are less focused and under less control than we realize. In a 1996 study, participants reported more than 4,000 thoughts daily, each lasting no more than five seconds. In a 1987 study, people perceived 22% of their thoughts as strange, unacceptable or wrong. Then, is it possible to avoid unwanted thoughts, whether it’s an upcoming exam or an unpleasant conversation? The answer is: maybe.
In a 2022 study, the researchers showed paid volunteers a series of slides displaying different nouns. Each noun was repeated on five different slides. As they viewed the slides, the participants wrote down a word they associated with each given noun — for example, “road” in response to “car.” Only the experimental group were told they wouldn’t get paid for repeated words. With this method, the researchers sought to create a situation when someone experiences unwanted thoughts.
When the experimental group saw each noun for a second time, they took longer than the control group to come up with a new association, suggesting their first response popped into their mind before they replaced it. However, they got quicker each time they viewed the same slide, indicating that their association between the given word and their first response — the thought they were trying to avoid — was weakening.
“We didn’t find evidence that people can entirely avoid unwanted thoughts,” said research leader Isaac Fradkin. “But the results suggest that practice can help people get better.”
Not everyone agrees that a slideshow of random words can tell how people stop emotional thoughts. Other research suggests that avoiding thoughts can backfire. When we do it, we’re sending our brains a message. This effort labels them as something to be feared, making them more powerful.
In the end, it might make more sense to take a mindful approach. “We can allow these thoughts to just be in our minds, not holding onto them too tightly and not trying to fight them,” said Fradkin.
12．What can we learn about our thoughts from paragraph 1?
A．Most of our thoughts are valueless.
B．We tend to focus more on negative thoughts.
C．Our thoughts can occur and disappear easily.
D．We can’t keep our thoughts for over five seconds.
13．Why were the experimental group told not to repeat the related words?
A．To collect more associations.
B．To make the task more challenging.
C．To create a competitive atmosphere.
D．To set up a desired experimental context.
14．What does the underlined word “backfire” mean in paragraph 5?
A．Have an opposite effect. B．Take back the wrong message.
C．Reveal hidden problems. D．Cause a mental breakdown.
15．What does Fradkin advise us to do with unwanted thoughts?
A．Drive them away. B．Try to understand them.
C．Leave them alone. D．Learn to control them.


二、七选五
I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will. ____16____.
Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.____17____.
____18____. Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.
Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.____19____Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ____20____. For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature — like hiking — can be mutually (相互地) beneficial, helping people and the earth.
So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail.You won’t be sorry you did.
A．Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy
B．Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly
C．Following are the benefits you can get from hiking
D．In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail
E．It’s easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone
F．It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape
G．This all goes to show that hiking maybe one of the best ways to move your body


三、完形填空
A dozen children ran around laughing and playing in the yard, while we parents sat chatting. The barbecue had been cleared away when our host announced a(an) ____21____. A huge movable rock wall was loaded in with indented footholds (凹陷的立足点) that stretched straight up for what looked like at least a hundred feet. The____22____kids rushed towards the wall. They swiftly____23____to give it a try, and with the complete____24____most children possess, scrambled to the top and rang the bell that hung at the highest point. There wasn’t really anything to be afraid of since they were____25____into place.
“Come on, let’s go get in line,” my husband Neil____26____, “No, you go ahead without me.” I had all sorts of good____27____: I didn’t have the right shoes; I forgot my sunglasses. I have a unique talent for____28____unthinkable danger in almost every situation, and this scene seemed ____29____ to me. I watched everyone else having fun, though, and finally_____30_____myself to try it.
With all the_____31_____I could gather,I started the climb. The belt wrapped around me so there was no way to_____32_____. “Yes,” I thought, “this is safe!” I_____33_____made my way up, concentrating on each foothold. I_____34_____looking down to prevent any sudden panic, and finally I made it to the top and proudly rang the bell.
I enjoyed my success. It was such a relief that I_____35_____my fear and reached the goal.
21．A．game B．race C．danger D．emergency
22．A．naughty B．clumsy C．artistic D．enthusiastic
23．A．turned back B．ran around C．moved off D．lined up
24．A．aimlessness B．carelessness C．fearlessness D．restlessness
25．A．thrown B．put C．belted D．pushed
26．A．urged B．promised C．complained D．murmured
27．A．choices B．intentions C．excuses D．experiences
28．A．facing B．seeing C．creating D．ignoring
29．A．precious B．dangerous C．interesting D．dull
30．A．advised B．forbade C．tempted D．convinced
31．A．nerve B．intelligence C．inspiration D．confusion
32．A．move B．escape C．fall D．skip
33．A．promptly B．steadily C．reluctantly D．hesitantly
34．A．kept B．tried C．began D．avoided
35．A．abandoned B．conquered C．hid D．lost


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Situated on the border between Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, the four-lane Beipanjiang Bridge has ____36____ total length of 1,341.4 meters. Soaring (耸立) 565 meters ____37____ the Beipan River – equivalent to a 200-story skyscraper – it’s the world’s highest completed bridge.
The Beipanjiang Bridge is located at the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Karst landforms (喀斯特地貌) are ____38____ (type) in this area as the dissolving of rocks creates unique features such as ____39____ (hide) caves and cracks.
Initially, the plan was ____40____ (build) a suspension bridge. However, the design team found ____41____ impossible due to the mountains’ loose structure. The team then decided to build two towers at both ____42____ (end) of the bridge and connect the towers and the main bridge with a number of cables. When vehicles pass, the weight will be transmitted to the towers through the cables and move pressure towards the towers. ____43____ (simple) put, as the vehicle travels on the bridge, the towers will only become more and more stable.
Having opened in late 2016, the bridge significantly reduced travel time from one side of the river to the other. With the two sides better connected, local tourism has also been boosted. “I never ____44____ (imagine) that people from big cities would visit my village,” Ma Xuanjun, a villager told People’s Daily, ____45____ has been running a farm stay to cater to tourists coming to see the bridge.


五、其他应用文
46．你是学校英文电视台负责人。电视台拟为新栏目“青春足迹（Youth Footprint）”招募一位学生主持人。请你用英文写一则招募启事，内容包括：
1．栏目简介；
2．招募要求；
3．报名方式。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Student Host Wanted
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

六、读后续写
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As Amy walked home from school one afternoon, she saw images of symmetry (对称) all around her: in the faces of people, in the buildings she passed, and in the cars that went by. Even the autumn leaves that covered the sidewalk. A butterfly landed on a branch above her, and Amy suddenly stopped. She held her breath and smiled, watching as it opened and closed its perfectly symmetrical wings.
All that month, Amy’s class had been studying different forms of symmetry, and Amy was deeply attracted. They’d observed the mirror symmetry of violins and the rotational symmetry of starfish. They’d even studied symmetry using a microscope and recorded the beauty with a phone camera. Now Mr. Garcia, their science teacher, had given them their final assignment: to find the most beautiful example of symmetry and give a report to the class on it.
“The most beautiful example of symmetry. What on earth could that be?” Amy asked herself. She finally decided to use her microscope to find one. Amy spent hours in the garden on the examination of cells, pieces of rock, and drops of pond water. Although she was amazed by what she saw, none was truly beautiful.
“What are you bringing to class?” Amy asked her friend Cathy on the bus ride to school. “A model airplane,” replied Cathy proudly. “And my brother Mathew is bringing his guitar.” Those things are nice, thought Amy, but there must be something more beautiful.
That evening, she stayed with her microscope until her father called out, “Get inside, Amy. It’s freezing outside. The weather forecast says it’s going to snow.”
Amy’s heart sank. There would be fewer things to study under the microscope. Snow would cover the area like a blanket, hiding everything from sight. Her assignment was due in just a few days. Amy began to feel panic as she was packing up her microscope. Then she caught sight of something white blown onto the stage of her microscope. Yes! The snowflake (雪花)! She looked through the microscope and was amazed by its beauty.
注意：
1．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I have to show it to my class,” Amy cried excitedly.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, it was the day to report.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

参考答案：
1．B 2．B 3．A

【导语】这是一篇应用文。为了庆祝《小王子》出版80周年，举行了一个展览。文章主要介绍了该展览的相关信息。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The exhibition will be presented for the very first time in Auckland from 1st June to 25th June, 2023 to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the publication of The Little Prince.(该展览将于2023年6月1日至6月25日首次在奥克兰举行，以庆祝《小王子》出版80周年。)”可知，举行这个展览的目的是为了庆祝《小王子》出版80周年，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The artist has created 13 all-white sculptures with relief (浮雕). They are displayed in the dark to be discovered by the senses of touch and hearing.(这位艺术家创作了13个全白色浮雕。它们在黑暗中展示，以便被摸到和听到。)”可知，该展览的特殊之处在于可以用手和耳朵去探索。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“First, start off from the entrance on the first floor to see historical photography describing the great adventure of the pioneering pilot Latécoère... Finally, don’t forget to stop off on your way out at the gift shop right next to the entrance and pick up some Little Prince memorabilia to remember your visit.(首先，从一楼的入口处开始，观看描述先驱飞行员Latécoère 的伟大冒险的历史摄影……最后，别忘了在出门的时候在入口旁边的礼品店停一下，买一些小王子的纪念品来纪念你的来访)”可知，游客可以在第一层买到礼物，故选A。
4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在写工作申请前要制定一份工作蓝图。
4．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”(守口如瓶的老人常说，“这个世界不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。”)”和第二段“Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.(心理学告诉我们，如果你知道自己想要什么，并且要求合理，你就会得到你想要的。)”可知，不是你想要什么就有什么，即只有梦想是不够的，我们要明确自己所需，才能制定计划去获取，这样理想才能转化为现实，由此可知，当老人说“这个世界不是你想要什么，而是你得到了什么”时，他们的意思是光有梦想是不够的，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.(如果我们打算邀请朋友共进晚餐，我们会计划菜单，列出购物清单，决定先做什么菜，这样的计划对于任何类型的晚餐来说都是必不可少的。)”和第四段“Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.(同样地，如果你想找一份工作，拿一张纸，写一个简短的自我介绍。在为一份工作制定蓝图时，从你自己开始，因为当你确切地知道你要提供什么的时候，你可以明智地计划在哪里销售你的服务。)”可推知，邀请朋友共进晚餐之前制定蓝图，与此类似，写工作申请前也需要制定蓝图，由此可知，作者使用“在邀请朋友共进晚餐之前制定蓝图”是为了介绍如何写工作申请，故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.(在为一份工作制定蓝图时，从你自己开始，因为当你确切地知道你要提供什么的时候，你可以明智地计划在哪里销售你的服务。)”和第五段中“This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. (这个关于你自己的描述实际上是你工作生活的一个草图，应该包括教育，经验和参考资料。)”可推知，一个人在开始找工作之前必须写一份关于自己的报告，因为这会迫使他清楚地认识到自己。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell.(当你精心准备了你的能力和欲望的蓝图，你就有了可以出售的东西。)”可知，当你精心准备了一份你的能力和欲望的蓝图，你就有了一些详细的信息来提供，故选A。


8．A 9．B 10．D 11．B

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国研究者开始了世界首个实验室培养“人工血液”的临床试验。
【详解】1. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The stem cells used for this experiment, however, were extracted from blood donated in the normal way. Then, the harvested stem cells were grown and multiplied in a nutrient solution for about 20 days, which served to turn them into young versions of red blood cells called reticulocytes, which, once transfused, quickly develop into the real McCoy.(然而，用于这个实验的干细胞是从正常捐献的血液中提取出来的。然后，收获的干细胞在营养液中生长并繁殖大约20天，这些干细胞被转化成年轻版本的红细胞，称为网织红细胞，一旦输血，就会迅速发育成the real McCoy。)”和划线单词下文“The lab-made red blood cells would be expected to last longer in a receiver’s body than those from a normal transfusion, since transfused blood unavoidably contains some cells that are on their last legs.(这些实验室制造的红细胞在接受者体内的存活时间比正常输血的红细胞要长，因为输血的血液中不可避免地含有一些奄奄一息的细胞。)”可知，下文提到的血红细胞指的是the real McCoy，即stem cells(干细胞)被放在nutrient solutions(营养液)中进行培育，被培养成 reticulocytes(网织红细胞)，被输注后快速转化成red blood cells(血红细胞)，故选A。

2. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The next step is to measure how long the manufactured cells actually do last.(下一步是测量制造出来的细胞实际上能持续多长时间。)”和第三段第一句“If they do indeed survive traditionally transfused cells, then receivers will not need frequent transfusions. (如果它们确实在传统的输血细胞中存活下来，那么接受者就不需要频繁的输血。)”可知，A项“实验室制造的红细胞比正常输血的红细胞持续时间更长。”还有待测试，这正是研究者们所期待的；根据第三倒数第二、三句“At the moment, patients with blood disorders such as sickle-cell disease and thalassemia may require a transfusion as often as every four to six weeks. As a consequence, some develop iron overload, which causes severe complications (并发症).(目前，患有镰刀型红血球疾病和地中海贫血等血液疾病的患者可能需要每4至6周输一次血。因此，一些人会出现铁超负荷，从而导致严重的并发症。) ”可知有血液疾病的人可能会需要经常输血，作为后果，其中一部分人铁过剩，从而产生严重的并发症或形成抗体，并非大 多数，因此排除C；根据第一段第一句“Until the 1940s, blood transfusions (输血)often went wrong because some main blood- group systems had yet to be discovered.(直到20世纪40年代，输血经常出错，因为一些主要的血型系统还没有被发现。)”可知D时态错误；根据最后一段中的“those possessing rare blood types being at the head of the queue(那些拥有罕见血型的人排在队伍的最前面。)” 可知，有罕见血型的受血者排在等候人工血液输注的前列，所以相比于其他人，被优先选中的可能性更大。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If all goes well, the trial will be extended to more volunteers. But larger tests, including tests on actual patients, will be needed before this approach can be put into practice.(如果一切顺利，试验将扩大到更多的志愿者。但是，在这种方法付诸实践之前，还需要进行更大规模的测试，包括对实际病人的测试。)”可推知，作者对于在不久的将来大规模生产实验室制造的红细胞持谨慎的态度，故选D。
4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Recently, a team of British researchers announced a step towards solving this problem by successfully transfusing into two healthy volunteers red blood cells grown from appropriate stem cells donated by others.(最近，一个英国研究小组宣布了解决这个问题的一个步骤，他们成功地将由其他人捐献的合适干细胞培养的红细胞输入两名健康志愿者体内。)”可知，文章主要讲述了英国研究者开始了世界首个实验室培养“人工血液”的临床试验。研究者从捐献者血液中分离出干细胞，在体外人工培养分化，然后用收获的红细胞制成了这种人工血液。目前，已经有两位健康受试者接受了人工血液的输注，由此可知，B项“将实验室制造的红细胞输入人体”适合做文章标题。故选B。
12．C 13．D 14．A 15．C

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们很难控制自己的思想，经常会有奇怪的、不可接受的或错误的想法。虽然没有证据表明人们可以完全避免这些不必要的想法，但研究表明，练习可以帮助人们变得更好。我们不应该逃避，或试图与它们作斗争，而是要顺其自然。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“We often find ourselves struggling to control our thoughts, but why is it so hard to stop our minds wandering?...In a 1996 study, participants reported more than 4,000 thoughts daily, each lasting no more than five seconds.(我们常常发现自己很难控制自己的思想，但是为什么我们很难停止思想的游荡呢？……在1996年的一项研究中，参与者每天报告超过4000个想法，每个想法持续不超过5秒钟)”可知，我们很难停止思想游荡，这说明我们的想法很容易出现；参与者的每个想法持续不超过5秒钟，这说明我们的想法很容易消失。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Only the experimental group were told they wouldn’t get paid for repeated words. With this method, the researchers sought to create a situation when someone experiences unwanted thoughts.(只有实验组被告知他们不会因为重复的话而得到报酬。用这种方法，研究人员试图创造一种情况，当有人经历不想要的想法)”可知，实验组被告知不要重复相关的单词这是为了创设理想的实验环境。故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据画线单词下文“When we do it, we’re sending our brains a message. This effort labels them as something to be feared, making them more powerful.(当我们这么做的时候，我们在向我们的大脑传递一个信息。这种努力给它们贴上了令人畏惧的标签，使它们变得更加强大)”可知，逃避这些想法会给大脑传递一个信息，这会让这些想法变得更加强大，这说明逃避这些想法并不会使想法停止，反而使它们愈加强大。由此推知，逃避这些想法会产生使适得其反的结果，划线单词“backfire”意为“产生适得其反的结果”。故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中““We can allow these thoughts to just be in our minds, not holding onto them too tightly and not trying to fight them,” said Fradkin.(“我们可以让这些想法只存在于我们的头脑中，而不是紧紧抓住它们不放，也不要试图与它们作斗争，”Fradkin说)”可知，Fradkin建议我们不要管这些我们不想要的想法，应该顺其自然。故选C。
16．C 17．F 18．A 19．D 20．B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了一些徒步旅行的好处。
16．根据上文“I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will.(我是一名徒步旅行者——“生来就是为徒步而生的”。带着背包去远足对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我一个人的时候，我可以让我的思想在任何地方漫游)”以及后文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐)”可知，本句总起下文，指出徒步旅行具有好处。故C选项“以下是徒步旅行的好处”符合语境，故选C。
17．根据上文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐。作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间去远足)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明徒步旅行带给作者的好处。故F选项“它不仅让我感觉很好，而且还帮助我保持大脑处于最佳状态”符合语境，故选F。
18．根据后文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.(总的来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并能给你从大自然中获得的快乐)”可知，本段的主旨是徒步可以带来快乐。故A选项“徒步旅行能让你保持冷静和快乐”符合语境，故选A。
19．根据上文“Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。我相信我不是唯一一个发现在大自然中散步可以让我的思想自由地朝着创造性的方向漫游的人)”以及后文“Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking.(有时，与音乐相关的想法会在我没有刻意思考的时候从无意识的地方冒出来)”可知，本句具体举例说明徒步旅行让作者有了音乐方面的启发。故D选项“事实上，我的很多歌都是在徒步旅行时写的”符合语境，故选D。
20．根据后文“For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it.(例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。正如一项研究表明的那样，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本句是在说明徒步让我们与自然有了关联，从而想要保护它，对地球有益。故B选项“除此之外，徒步旅行间接地有益于我们的星球”符合语境，故选B。

21．A 22．D 23．D 24．C 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．B

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和家人去朋友家聚餐，主人准备了可移动的岩石墙，大家都热情地排着队攀爬，但是作者找各种借口不去，最后在家人的鼓励下，鼓足勇气爬上去了，看到了远处另一个世界，非常开心。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在烧烤结束后，我们的主人宣布了一个游戏。A. game游戏；B. race比赛；C. danger危险；D. emergency紧急情况。根据后文“A huge movable rock wall was loaded in with indented footholds (凹陷的立足点) that stretched straight up for what looked like at least a hundred feet.”可知，此处指主人为我们准备了一个攀爬岩石墙的游戏，故选A。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：激动的孩子冲向岩石处。A. naughty淘气的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. artistic艺术的；D. enthusiastic充满热情的，激动的。根据后文“They swiftly　　3　　to give it a try, and with the complete　　4　　most children possess, scrambled to the top and rang the bell that hung at the highest point.”可知，此处指这些孩子充满热情，迫不及待地要攀爬，故选D。
23．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他们迅速排好队等着尝试一下，大多数孩子毫不害怕地爬到顶部，按响了挂在顶部的铃铛。A. turned back转过来；B. ran around到处跑；C. moved off离开；D. lined up排队。根据空前“They swiftly”可知，此处指这些孩子迅速地排好队等着攀爬，故选D。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. aimlessness漫无目的；B. carelessness粗心；C. fearlessness不害怕，毫不畏惧；D. restlessness不安。根据空后“most children possess, scrambled to the top and rang the bell that hung at the highest point.”可知，此处指孩子们毫不畏惧地完成了整个攀爬过程，故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其实没什么可以害怕的，因为他们系着安全带。A. thrown扔；B. put放置；C. belted系安全带；D. pushed推。根据前文“There wasn’t really anything to be afraid of”可知，此处指他们系着安全带，因此没什么可害怕的，故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“来吧，我们也来排队爬。”我的丈夫催促道。A. urged催促，督促；B. promised承诺；C. complained抱怨；D. murmured喃喃。根据前文““Come on, let’s go get in line,””可知，此处指我的丈夫催促我一起爬，故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有各种好的借口：鞋子不适合；忘了带墨镜等等。A. choices选择；B. intentions目的，意图；C. excuses借口；D. experiences经历，经验。根据空后“I didn’t have the right shoes; I forgot my sunglasses.”可知，这些都是我不想攀爬所找的借口，故选C。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我擅长看到那些想不到的危险，这一场景对我来说似乎很危险。A. facing面对；B. seeing看到；C. creating创造；D. ignoring忽视。根据空后“unthinkable danger in almost every situation, and this scene seemed 　　9　　 to me.”可知，此处指我擅长看到那些想不到的危险，故选B。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. precious珍贵的；B. dangerous危险的；C. interesting有趣的；D. dull无聊的，乏味的。根据前文““No, you go ahead without me.” I had all sorts of good　　7　　: I didn’t have the right shoes; I forgot my sunglasses.”可知，此处指我害怕攀爬，因此觉得这对我来说似乎很危险，故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我看着其他人都玩得很有趣，最终，我说服了自己尝试一下。A. advised建议；B. forbade禁止；C. tempted引诱，诱惑；D. convinced使相信，说服。根据空前“I watched everyone else having fun, though, and finally”可知，此处指最终我说服自己尝试一下，故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鼓足勇气后，我开始爬。A. nerve勇气；B. intelligence智力；C. inspiration鼓励，鼓舞；D. confusion困惑。根据空后“I could gather, I started the climb.”可知，此处指我鼓足勇气，开始爬，故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：安全带紧绕着我，因此是不可能掉下来的。A. move移动；B. escape逃离；C. fall掉落；D. skip跳跃。根据“I　　14　　looking down to prevent any sudden panic, and finally I made it to the top and proudly rang the bell.”可知，此处指往上爬的过程是不可能掉落下来的，故选C。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我稳步向上，注意我的立足点。A. promptly迅速地；B. steadily稳步地；C. reluctantly不情愿地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据后文“concentrating on each foothold.”可知，此处指我稳步地向上爬，故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我避免向下看，害怕突然的恐慌，最终，我爬到了顶部，骄傲地按响了铃铛。A. kept保持；B. tried尝试，努力；C. began开始；D. avoided避免。根据后文“to prevent any sudden panic,”可知，此处指我避免往下看，故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我克服了自己的恐惧，完成了目标，这真的令人感到宽慰。A. abandoned抛弃；B. conquered克服；C. hid隐藏；D. lost失去。根据空后“my fear and reached the goal.”可知，此处指我克服了自己的恐惧，完成了目标，故选B。

36．a 37．over 38．typical 39．hidden 40．to build 41．it 42．ends 43．Simply 44．imagined 45．who

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北盘江大桥的长度，高度以及其建造历史。
36．考查冠词。句意：四车道的北盘江大桥位于云南省和贵州省的交界处，总长度为1341.4米。a total length of固定搭配，意为“总长度为”，故填a。
37．考查介词。句意：这座桥高565米，横跨北盘江，相当于一座200层的摩天大楼——是世界上已建成的最高桥梁。此处表示“悬在……上面”，应用介词over，故填over。
38．考查形容词。句意：喀斯特地貌在这个地区很典型，因为岩石的溶解创造了独特的特征，如隐藏的洞穴和裂缝。此处应用形容词typical作表语，表示“典型的”，故填typical。
39．考查形容词。句意：喀斯特地貌在这个地区很典型，因为岩石的溶解创造了独特的特征，如隐藏的洞穴和裂缝。此处应用形容词hidden作定语，修饰caves and cracks，表示“隐藏的”，故填hidden。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：最初的计划是建造一座悬索桥。主语是the plan，此处表示计划，应用不定式作表语，故填to build。
41．考查代词。句意：然而，因为山的松散结构，设计团队发现这是不可能的。此处应用代词it代指上文提到的建造一座悬索桥的最初计划，作宾语，故填it。
42．考查名词的数。句意：然后，小组决定在桥的两端建造两座塔，并用许多电缆将塔和主桥连接起来。由both可知，应用end的复数形式，故填ends。
43．考查副词。句意：简单地说，随着车辆在桥上行驶，塔只会变得越来越稳定。simply put固定搭配，意为“简单地说”，单词位于句首，首字母大写，故填Simply。
44．考查时态。句意：“我从没想过大城市的人会来我们村，”村民马宣军告诉《人民日报》。马宣军经营着一家农家乐，为前来参观大桥的游客提供餐饮服务。此处在句中作谓语，由would和句意可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填imagined。
45．考查定语从句。句意：“我从没想过大城市的人会来我们村，”村民马宣军告诉《人民日报》。马宣军经营着一家农家乐，为前来参观大桥的游客提供餐饮服务。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Ma Xuanjun，指人，且从句缺少主语，应用关系代词who来引导，故填who。
46．                                                   Student Host Wanted
The school’s English TV station is looking for a student host for its new programme called “Youth Footprint”, which is intended to enrich students’ life.
The English TV station will broadcast some stories about youth in English every day. So the host should be fluent in English. Besides, it is important for the host to have a passionate and powerful voice, which can attract students. If you are interested, please submit your application at Room 101 of the teaching building for an interview by this Friday.
Anyone who wants to be the host is welcome. Looking forward to your participation!
【导语】本文是应用文。假如你是学校英文电视台负责人。电视台拟为新栏目“青春足迹（Youth Footprint）”招募一位学生主持人。请你用英文写一则招募启事，内容包括：栏目简介；招募要求；报名方式。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打算做，目的是：be intended to do→aim to do
此外：Besides→In addition
提交：submit→hand in
参与：participation→involvement
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：So the host should be fluent in English.
拓展句：So the host should be fluent in English, which is very important.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The school’s English TV station is looking for a student host for its new programme called “Youth Footprint”, which is intended to enrich students’ life. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Besides, it is important for the host to have a passionate and powerful voice, which can attract students. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
47．     “I have to show it to my class,” Amy cried excitedly. She looked through the microscope again to take a closer look and was surprised to find that there was nothing there! The snowflake had disappeared taking all of its beauty with it. “No! Wait!” cried Amy. She had to take the snowflake to class, but how? It could melt before she  got on the school bus! Suddenly, Amy had an idea—she ran to her house and picked up her camera. Within minutes, she had managed to attach it to the microscope. She carefully placed another snowflake on the microscope’s stage and took a series of pictures.
Finally, it was the day to report. Amy took the photos to the class, which surprised the classmates and the science teacher. Each snowflake was different, symmetrical, and unbelievably beautiful. They were excited to see the most beautiful example of symmetry. The teacher praised Amy for her careful observation, which made Amy happy and proud.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了学生Amy在学校里学习了对称现象，科学老师要求同学们找到最美丽的对称例子并作报告。Amy用她的显微镜在花园里寻找，观察各种对称的东西，但是都不满意，那天晚上，大雪将至，会将一切都覆盖起来，Amy还没有找到满意的对称物，她很恐慌，就在这时，她看到白色的雪花飘到了显微镜台上，透过显微镜，她看到美丽的雪花，她被雪花的美惊呆了。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘我必须把它展示给我的班级，’Amy兴奋地叫了起来。”可知，第一段可描写Amy想把雪花带到课堂上，但是发现雪花很快就会融化，于是想出了一个办法——拿照相机拍下雪花。
②由第二段首句内容“终于到了作报告的这天。”可知，第二段可描写Amy在课堂上展示雪花的美，老师和学生看到雪花对称的美很兴奋，老师表扬了Amy。
2.续写线索：想带到课堂上——发现雪花很快融化——拿照相机拍下美丽的雪花——作报告——展示雪花的美——老师和同学的反应——老师表扬Amy
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想出一个主意：have an idea/come up with an idea
②放置：place/put
③系上：attach/tie
情绪类
①兴奋的： excited/thrilled
②高兴的：happy/glad/delighted
【点睛】[高分句型1] She looked through the microscope again to take a closer look and was surprised to find that there was nothing there! （由that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]  The teacher praised Amy for her careful observation, which made Amy happy and proud.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）