高中英语高考复习特殊变形词整理汇总

高考英语特殊变形词1.熟悉又陌生的派生词之名词。常见词缀要记牢，-tion/-sion/-ness/-cy/-ce/-th/-dom/-ty...
recognize→recognition n.认可benefit→beneficial adj.有益的explain→explanation n.说明，解释curious→curiosity n.好奇，好奇心generous→generosity n.慷慨consume→consumption n.消费；消耗describe→description n.描述，描写assume→assumption n.假定；设想pronounce→pronunciation n.发音；读法compete→competition n.竞争；比赛invite→invitation n.邀请admire→admiration n.钦佩；羡慕；欣赏qualify→qualification n.资格；资格证书believe→belief n.信念relieve→relief n.如释重负tend→tendency n.倾向，趋势choose→choice n.选择vary→variety n.多样化；种类conclude→conclusion n.结论decide→decision n.决定divide→division n.分配expand→expansion n.扩张admit→admission n.接纳；准许入学permit→permission n.许可introduce→introduction n.介绍respond→response n.回应rich→richness n.丰富damp→dampness n.潮湿；湿气complete→completeness n.完整；完全full→fullness n.充满；丰富；完全tired→tiredness n.疲劳；疲倦good→goodness n.善良，美德Warm→warmth n. 温暖true→ truth n. 真相
2.名词复数特殊变化(1)不规则变化的名词复数
①child→children孩子②man→men男人③tooth→teeth牙齿④foot→feet脚⑤woman→women女人⑥mouse→mice老鼠⑦gentleman→gentlemen绅士⑧ox→oxen 公牛
(2)外来名词的复数
①criterion→criteria 标准②phenomenon→phenomena 现象③bacterium→bacteria 细菌④medium→media 媒介⑤datum→data 数据
(3)以o结尾的名词在词尾加－s或－es①以o结尾的名词在词尾直接加－s变为复数radio→radios，zoo→zoos，piano→pianos，kilo→kilos，photo→photos②以o结尾的名词在词尾直接加－eshero→heroes，tomato→tomatoes，potato→potatoes3.形容词变副词(1)大部分以字母e结尾的形容词不去e，形容词变副词直接加－ly
immediate→immediately立刻地fortunate→fortunately幸运地entire→entirely完全地，彻底地wide→widely广泛地absolute→absolutely绝对地；完全地polite→politely有礼貌地；客气地wise→wisely明智地；聪明地；精明地nice→nicely漂亮地；恰好地huge→hugely很；非常expensive→expensively昂贵地
(2)－le结尾的形容词变为ly
simple→simply简单地；仅仅gentle→gently轻轻地；温柔terrible→terribly非常；可怕地；极度地possible→possibly可能地；也许probable→probably大概；或许comfortable→comfortably舒服地；安乐地
(3)以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容词去e加－lytrue→truly真实地(4)特殊情况
whole→wholly完全地；全部shy→shyly害羞地dry→dryly干燥地full→fully充分地dull→dully单调地
4.动词变名词，去e还是不去e(1)以e结尾，不去e直接加－ment
achieve→achievement功绩；成就advertise→advertisement 广告amaze→amazement 惊奇agree→agreement同意arrange→arrangement 安排improve→improvement 改进require→requirement 要求
(2)以e结尾，去e再加－ment
argue→argument辩论；论据judge→judgment意见；判断力
5.以字母ic结尾的形容词加－ally变为副词
specific→specifically特别地；明确地　basic→basically主要地，基本上scientific→scientifically系统地；合乎科学地academic→academically学术上；学业上historic→historically关于历史事件，从历史观点上说classic→classically古典主义地enthusiastic→enthusiastically热情地
6.后缀－cy(－t/－te→－cy)
accurate→accuracy准确性efficient→efficiency效率；功效fluent→fluency流利；流畅frequent→frequency频繁private→privacy隐私；私密urgent→urgency紧急
7.形容词和副词比较等级的特殊变化原词比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/manymoremostlittlelessleast8.针对训练用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1. I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time ._____________( fortunate ), I was held up by the heavy traffic jam .【答案】 Unfortunately 2.Therefore, when they become older they are _________________( able ) to do any other kind of work .【答案】 unable 3.Very early the next morning , amazingly ,we got completely satisfied in a totally ______________( expect ) way .【答案】 unexpected 4. I won ' t do the purchase because the price of this dress is ___________( reason ).【答案】 unreasonable5.Job____________( apply ) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time .【答案】 applicants 6. All facts are the source of _________________( conclude ).【答案】 conclusions 7.However, most ______________( science ) agree that EQ has a lot to do with ___________( educate ).【答案】 scientists ; education 8.Excellent oral and written _________________( communicate ) skills in Chinese and English are of____________ ( important ).【答案】 communication ; importance 9. Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily___________( require ).【答案】 requirement 10. 10.It is your______________(free) to do what you want after class.【答案】 freedom