2022-2023学年广东省清远市阳山县南阳中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省清远市阳山县南阳中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试题含解析，共27页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，单项选择，用单词的适当形式完成句子，根据汉语意思填写单词，其他应用文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

广东省清远市阳山县南阳中学2022-2023学年高二下学期第一次月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Cruising (乘船游览) the Rhine; a family trip
Create family memories during our popular Rhine River cruise!
Days 1& 2 — Leave for Zurich, Switzerland
Depart from the US on a flight to Zurich and transfer to Basel to get on MS Amadeus Queens, where each adult and child will receive a special Welcome Package with general information about the cruise. The travel director will be on board to offer suggestions on independent activities. Then the ship will depart from Basel for Strasbourg and the passengers will gather for a welcome party and dinner on the ship.
Day 3 — Strasbourg
Choice 1— Strasbourg Panoramic Tour
This tour shows the most important city of France’s Alsace Region and the capital of the European Union. After the tour, you can enjoy a guided walk through Strasbourg’s historic center and visit Notre Dame Cathedral.
Choice 2 — Culinary Strasbourg
It offers insight into the city’s culinary heritage. Strasbourg is famous for its cooking throughout France. In “Winstubs”, small wine bars, typical of Strasbourg, traditional dishes can be enjoyed.
Day 4 — Speyer/Heidelberg
Choice 1—Technic Museum in Speyer
Explore inside an original huge plane and study the inner workings of a sea rescue boat. You’ll find the largest space flight exhibition in Europe, showing the Russian spacecraft Buran, a real moonstone, spacesuits as well as classic cars, fire trucks, motorcycles, and other exhibits.
Choice 2 — Heidelberg Castle and Town
Explore historic Heidelberg and visit the red-walled castle. See beautiful views of the Neckar Valley and the city below.
Choice 3 — Hike Heidelberg’s Philosopher’s Way
Hike the famous “Philosopher’s Way” for impressive views of Heidelberg Castle and the old town. Take a rest in Philosopher’s Garden while enjoying the view along with snacks and drinks.
1．What does the Welcome Package provide?
A．Tips on independent activities.
B．A guide to MS Amadeus Queens.
C．The introduction to the river cruise.
D．Information about the welcome party.
2．Which route may a food lover enjoy most?
A．Culinary Strasbourg. B．Strasbourg Panoramic Tour.
C．Technic Museum in Speyer. D．Heidelberg Castle and Town.
3．What can tourists do during the tour of Speyer?
A．Travel in classic motor vehicles. B．Get some knowledge of space.
C．Go hiking on a well-known path. D．Explore the historic castle and town.

My sister Alice and I have been trying to get people to stop dropping cigarette (香烟) butts (烟头) for seven years. One day, we were walking in our hometown and saw hundreds of cigarette butts on the ground. They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.
At first, we drew pictures with “The Earth is not your ashtray (烟灰缸)” written on them. We put the pictures around our hometown—in parks, by beaches, and along roads. We wanted to make people understand that dropping butts hurts the environment. Most smokers don’t think that dropping butts hurts the Earth. But it does, and all rubbish does!
Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give to smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts.
At the moment, we are trying to get cigarette companies to put an ashtray in each pack of cigarettes. Some companies want to do it. Many people have started to join our group since it began. Today there are 45 other “No Butts About It” groups in America.
Now there even groups in England, Australia, and India! Many newspapers have written about my sister and me over the last seven years. And we have won many prizes for what we do. But we are not interested in prizes. We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.
One day, it will be.
4．What did the writer think about the cigarette butts in the first place?
A．They made the town smelly. B．They made the town unhealthy.
C．They made the town dirty. D．They made the town poor.
5．What does the writer do with the cigarette butts?
A．Give ashtrays to the smokers. B．Stop people buying cigarettes.
C．Pick up the cigarette butts. D．Win prizes for starting groups.
6．From the passage we can know that _____.
A．no companies wanted to give money to them
B．the writer believes that the Earth will be a better and cleaner place
C．there are only 45 “No Butts About It”
D．the writer likes to be on newspapers and win prizes
7．Which is the best tittle for the passage?
A．Save our Town From Cigarette Butts. B．Buy Yourself An Ashtray.
C．Cigarette Butts Also Destroy Other Countries. D．No Butts Prize.

A NASA-funded study used satellite to search for penguin poops (粪便) in Antarctica: funny at first sight though, it resulted in unique insights on the Adelie penguin’s diet and its future as the climate changes. The findings published recently unlocked the secrets about the species that can provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem.
Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite images to see if the Adelie penguin’s diet has been changing in response to Antarctica’s changing climate. Adelie penguin population has dropped greatly in some areas even as the global population increases. The satellite images cannot show the penguins individually, but their presence can be detected by the stain (污渍) left on the ice by their waste, called guano.
Male and female penguins take turns incubating (孵化) in the nest. The guano builds up in the same areas occupied by the nests. Heather Lynch, associate professor at Stony Brook, along with his team, used the area of the colony as defined by the guano stain to work back to the number of pairs. A global survey for Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 million breeding pairs. Also, the satellite data can detect the color of the penguin guano, ranging from white to pink to dark red. White guano is from eating mostly fish; pink and red would be from eating mostly krill (磷虾). The team found that while the Adelie penguin’s diet did show changes from year to year, no consistent pattern was obvious.
“This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distribution of Adelie penguins has changed dramatically over the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a role,” said Casey Young flesh, a graduate student from the university. However, continued changes in the physical environment and a growing krill fishery in the region are likely to have an influence on penguin prey (猎物) and penguin population itself. “Tools like this will be important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem, which is often considered among the most primitive areas in the world,” said Young flesh.
8．What concerned scientists most according to paragraph 1?
A．The climate change. B．The Adelie penguin’s diet.
C．The Antarctica’s ecosystem. D．The secret of penguin poops.
9．How did scientists carry out the study?
A．By doing experiments. B．By conducting surveys.
C．By making observations. D．By collecting documents.
10．Which of the following would Lynch agree with?
A．The Adelie penguin population was 3.8 million worldwide.
B．Guano colors reflected the health condition of the penguin.
C．The Adelie penguin’s diet stayed the same most of the time.
D．Adelie penguin waste helped estimate the penguin population.
11．What did Young flesh’s words suggest?
A．More Adelie penguins have appeared over the last 40 years.
B．There was not an obvious changing pattern of penguin’s diet.
C．Diet changes didn’t actually affect penguin population as assumed.
D．Fishery was important for the management of the Antarctic ecosystem.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has to recall hundreds of foods every year. Like cookie snack packs with pieces of blue plastic hiding inside, dressing and sauce containing salmonella (沙门氏菌) or various jams containing with lead (铅).
It can take a few months before a recall is issued. But now researchers have come up with a method that might fast-track that process, leading to early detection and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies on the fact that people increasingly buy foods and spices online. And people tend to write reviews of products they buy online, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) to food-safety officials sniffing (嗅) out dangerous products.
The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products. They then trained machine-learning algorithms (算法) to distinguish between reviews for recalled items and reviews for items that had not been flagged. And the trained algorithms were able to predict FDA recalls three quarters of the time. They also identified another 20, 000 reviews for possibly unsafe foods, most of which had never been recalled. The results are published in Journal of the American Medical In formatics Association.
The World Health Organization estimates that 600 million people worldwide get sick annually from polluted food, and more than 400,000 people die from it. “Sohaving tools that enable us to detect this a lot faster and hopefully investigate and do recalls faster will be useful not just in the U. S. but in other countries around the world as well.” Study author Elaine Nsoesie of Boston University. She did add one warning even recalled products can still get five-star reviews. So stars alone don’t tell the whole sickening story. The proof unfortunately, may still be in the pudding.
12．What will help Fda recall unsafe foods faster than before?
A．Efforts of food-safety officials
B．Lots of online reviews of products
C．New measures of food-safety officials.
D．Online reviews of the polluted foods
13．How does the author introduce the process of the research?
A．By describing facts. B．By giving examples
C．By analyzing data. D．By making comparisons.
14．What’s elaine’s attitude towards five-star reviews?
A．Tolerant B．Skeptical C．Ambiguous. D．approval
15．Which may be the most suitable title for the text?
A．AI Sniffs out Unsafe Foods
B．FDA Detects Unsafe foods
C．AI Helps FDA Judge Reviews
D．FDA Develops System of Judging Reviews


二、七选五
Can't Resist Junk Food? Study Suggests You Try This Simple Trick
You're tired and hungry. Then you catch a whiff of something delicious, probably fried and almost certainly fattening. It is fried chicken!____16____A new research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices.
Let's take a closer look at this process. Have you ever noticed that whatever appetizing treat catches your nose's attention tends to be most appealing just after you first smell it? What will happen if you're standing in line after a couple of minutes?____17____ And recent science says that this is actually the right moment to walk away.
The results of a series of experiments, including field studies at a supermarket and at a middle school cafeteria, show that extended exposure (of more than two minutes) to junk food smell (e. g,cookie smell) leads to lower purchases of unhealthy foods compared with healthy smell (e.g.strawberry smell).____18____That is why long exposure to junk food smell can be as satisfactory as actually having it in your mouth, which in turn decreases the desire for consumption of junk food.
____19____When the exposure to smell of healthy food were examined, food choices were not profoundly influenced. The reason for this is that healthy food are not connected with reward in our brain and therefore have little influence on what we desire.
So next time you're feeling you don't have the will power to resist that French fries, it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two. ____20____
A．But wait a minute before you order.
B．It's a response that has been researched.
C．Get the satisfaction with none of the calories.
D．It isn't quite as irresistible as it was just moments ago.
E．However, it's not the same case with smell of healthy food.
F．It's the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied.
G．The brain doesn't necessarily distinguish between a pleasurable smell or taste.


三、完形填空
The little country schoolhouse was heated by a coal stove. An eight-year-old boy named Glenn had the job of using kerosene to start the fire and warm the room before his teacher and his classmates arrived. One cold morning someone ___21___ filled the kerosene container with gasoline, and disaster ___22___. The class and teacher arrived to find the schoolhouse burned in flames. ___23___ on realizing that Glenn was inside, they rushed in and managed to drag the ___24___ boy out of the flaming building. He had major burns over the lower half of his body and was taken to a nearby hospital.
From his bed, the dreadfully burned, semi-conscious boy heard the doctor talking to his mother. Her son would surely die. ___25___ the boy didn't want to die. He would ___26___. Somehow, to the ___27___ of the physician, he did survive. Unfortunately, Glenn had no motor ___28___. One sunny day his mother wheeled him out into the yard to get fresh air. Instead of sitting there, he threw himself ___29___ the chair. Glenn ___30___ himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He worked his way to the white fence. With great ___31___, he raised himself up on the fence. He started to do this every day ___32___ he wore a smooth path all around the yard beside the fence. There was ___33___ he wanted more than to develop life in those legs.
Glenn's iron persistence and determination ___34___. He did develop the ability first to stand up, then to walk with help, then to walk by himself and then to run. He eventually received the ___35___ "Kansas Flyer".
21．A．deliberately B．secretly C．mistakenly D．cautiously
22．A．struck B．stuck C．beat D．attracted
23．A．Thrilled B．Terrified C．Regretful D．Puzzled
24．A．speechless B．unconscious C．blind D．deaf
25．A．And B．Or C．But D．So
26．A．survive B．resist C．escape D．recover
27．A．happiness B．relief C．amazement D．confusion
28．A．desire B．talent C．will D．ability
29．A．into B．from C．over D．upon
30．A．helped B．managed C．pushed D．pulled
31．A．effort B．encouragement C．courage D．help
32．A．because B．if C．until D．as
33．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
34．A．paid for B．paid off C．paid back D．paid up
35．A．award B．reward C．nickname D．record


四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
When someone has ____36____(deep) hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible and it can be surprisingly____37____(benefit) to your physical and mental health. So far, studies____38____(show) that people who forgive others can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. “People who forgive show ____39____(little) anger and more hopefulness，” says Dr. Frederic Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. “So it can help reduce the tiredness out of the immune system and allow people ____40____(feel) more energetic.”
So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of something ____41____ gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don't wait for an ____42____ (apologize), which will be disturbing. “Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing,” says Dr. Luskin. “They may have wanted to hurt you ____43____ they just don't see things in the same way. So if you wait for people to say sorry, you could be waiting for a very long time.”
Next, keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean ____44____(accept) the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you, which can lead to positive psychology. Finally, try to see things _____45_____ the other person's point of view.


五、单项选择
46．When I was 13, my only purpose was________ the star on our football team.
A．to become B．becoming C．to have become D．becomes
47．The first thing I do every morning is_________exercise.
A．taking B．to take C．took D．to have taken
48．________ an area about three times the size of the Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
A．Covering B．To cover C．Covered D．To have covered
49．It’s very rude ______ you to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.
A．for B．at C．about D．of
50．It must be great fun_________ to the moon in a spaceship.
A．flying B．flies C．to have flied D．to fly
51．__________the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese  Businessman Museum.
A．To celebrate B．Celebrating C．Celebrated D．To have celebrated
52．He said he ____________his old friends for a long time.
A．doesn’t see B．didn’t see C．hadn’t seen D．hasn’t seen
53．My father told me that light _____________ much faster than sound.
A．travelled B．travels C．travel D．travelling
54．He is _________ for the accident.
A．blamed B．blaming C．blame D．to blame
55．If __________ into a warm room, a piece of ice will turn into water soon.
A．take B．took C．taken D．to be taken

六、用单词的适当形式完成句子
56．As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond_____(recognise)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
57．The______________(expand) of the city has brought damage to the natural surroundings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
58．Everyone’s opinion is bound to be _____________(subject). (所给词的适当形式填空)
59．To prevent the rich and powerful________ (abuse) their power, the government laid down related laws. (所给词的适当形式填空)
60．The old woman was _________(wear) out and she couldn’t walk any further. (所给词的适当形式填空)
61．________(absorb) in his games，he didn’t notice that person. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62．To our shock，many children in underdeveloped regions die of ___________(starve)．(所给词的适当形式填空)
63．With time going by, more and more countries have realized that a ___________(sustain) development is vital for human beings. (所给词的适当形式填空)

七、根据汉语意思填写单词
64．It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ___________(生态). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)

八、用单词的适当形式完成句子
65．Many people cycle to work in response ________ the government's call for living a low—carbon life. (用适当的词填空)

九、其他应用文
66．假如你是校学生会主席，为了更好地保护环境，你代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议。请根据以下内容，写一份倡议书：
1.保护环境是我们的职责；
2.我们要养成环保的习惯(例如绿色出行，不乱扔垃圾等)；
3.发出环保的号召。
注意：1.词数：120左右
2.开头结尾已给出，可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear friends,
As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
The Students’ Union

参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．B

【导语】本文为一篇广告类的应用文。介绍了家庭为单位的乘船游览莱茵河的行程安排。
1．细节理解题。根据Days 1& 2 — Leave for Zurich, Switzerland的第一句“Depart from the US on a flight to Zurich and transfer to Basel to get on MS Amadeus Queens, where each adult and child will receive a special Welcome Package with general information about the cruise. The travel director will be on board to offer suggestions on independent activities. (从美国飞往苏黎世，转乘巴塞尔的MS Amadeus Queens，每个大人和孩子都将收到一个特别的欢迎礼包，上面有邮轮的基本信息。)”可知，这个欢迎环节在MS Amadeus Queens这条船上，欢迎礼包里边有邮轮的基本信息。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据Day 3之Choice 2 — Culinary Strasbourg的“It offers insight into the city’s culinary heritage. Strasbourg is famous for its cooking throughout France. In ‘Winstubs’, small wine bars, typical of Strasbourg, traditional dishes can be enjoyed. (它能让你深入了解这座城市的烹饪传统。斯特拉斯堡以烹饪闻名于全法国。在典型的斯特拉斯堡小酒吧Winstubs，可以品尝到传统菜肴。)”可知，美食爱好者最喜欢的线路应该是Culinary Strasbourg。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据Day 4 — Speyer/Heidelberg之Choice 1—Technic Museum in Speyer的“Explore inside an original huge plane and study the inner workings of a sea rescue boat. You’ll find the largest space flight exhibition in Europe, showing the Russian spacecraft Buran, a real moonstone, spacesuits as well as classic cars, fire trucks, motorcycles, and other exhibits. (探索原始的巨大飞机内部，研究海上救援船的内部工作原理。你会发现欧洲最大的太空飞行展览，展示俄罗斯的‘布兰’号宇宙飞船、真正的月光石、宇航服以及经典汽车、消防车、摩托车等展品)”可知，在这个环节，游客可以了解一些太空知识。故选B项。
4．C 5．A 6．B 7．A

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者姐妹两个人为了不让人们乱认烟头而发起了一个组织，并积极向公司或组织寻求帮助，在过去几年里她们的组织给美国，甚至其他国家带来了影响，她们也因此受到奖项，她们只希望地球环境变得更好。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts.(他们让小镇看起来很丑，所以我们决定成立一个小组，让人们不再扔烟蒂。)”可知，她们成立该组织的最初原因是：烟头让城市变得非常难看。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“Later, we wrote to companies and asked them for money to help us. We used the money to buy ashtrays to give to smokers. We wanted smokers to carry the ashtrays with them so they didn’t have to drop butts.(后来，我们写信给一些公司，向他们要钱帮助我们。我们用这些钱买了烟灰缸送给吸烟者。我们希望吸烟者随身携带烟灰缸，这样他们就不用掉烟头了。)”可知，作者找公司赞助买了烟灰缸给那些抽烟的人。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“We just want to make the Earth a better and cleaner place for animals, plants and people.(我们只是想让地球成为一个更好、更清洁的地方，为动物、植物和人类。)”可以推测出，作者相信地球终有一天会变得更好更干净，故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的“They made the town look so ugly that we decided to start a group to make people stop dropping butts. We called it “No Butts About It”.(他们让小镇看起来很丑，所以我们决定成立一个小组，让人们不再扔烟蒂。我们叫它“没有烟头”)”可知，短文主要介绍作者和她的姐姐一直设法呼吁人们不要乱扔烟头，希望地球环境变得更好，A选项“Save our Town From Cigarette Butts.(把我们的城镇从烟头中拯救出来。)”可作为最好的题目，故选A。
8．C 9．C 10．D 11．C

【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家对南极企鹅物种生态的研究，展现了近年来物种数量、饮食结构等各方面的变化。
8．细节理解题。根据原文第一段“The findings published recently unlocked the secrets about the species that can provide an early-warning of threats to Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem.”这些近期发表的研究成果解锁了企鹅物种的秘密，提供了南极洲脆弱生态系统风险信息的早期预警。“an early-warning of threats to”与题干中的“concerned scientists most”呼应，科学家研究随着气候变化而导致的企鹅饮食结构的改变，但最关心、最要紧的是这背后所预警的南极生态系统风险，故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Researchers from Stony Brook University used satellite images to see…The satellite images cannot show the penguins individually, but their presence can be detected by the stain left on the ice by their waste, called guano.”并结合全文内容，与主题相关的这些研究，科学家们都是通过卫星图像（satellite images）进行的，观察、分析、解读图像并得出结论或推测，因此他们使用的是观察法（观察卫星图像）。注意排除干扰项B，文中虽出现了“A global survey for Adelie penguins turned up 3.8 million breeding pairs.”但这只是行文过程中涉及到对其他研究的介绍，属于背景介绍，而非本文中南极洲企鹅的相关研究。综上，故选C。
10．推理判断题。本题要求推测Lynch会同意的观点，根据文中第三段“Heather Lynch, associate professor at Stony Brook, along with his team, used the area of the colony as defined by the guano stain to work back to the number of pairs.”Lynch的团队通过“the guano stain”来反推区域企鹅种群的数量，并结合第二段末尾对guano的解释“the stain (污渍) left on the ice by their waste, called guano”因它们的排泄物而在冰面上留下的污渍叫guano，所以D选项“阿德利企鹅的排泄物帮助（科学家）估计企鹅数量”正确，故选D。
11．细节理解题。本题要求对Young flesh的话做出解读，根据其所处的最后一段 “‘This was a big surprise, since the abundance and distribution of Adelie penguins has changed dramatically over the last 40 years and scientists had assumed that a change in diet might have played a role,’ said Casey Young flesh…However, continued changes in the physical environment and a growing krill fishery in the region are likely to have an influence on penguin prey (猎物) and penguin population itself.”可知，在过去40年企鹅数量各方面发生急剧变化，科学家原来已经假设是饮食的变化发挥作用，然而，外部物理环境的变化和这一地区不断扩张的鳞虾养殖很可能对企鹅的猎物（数量）产生影响，进而影响到企鹅自身的数量，故C项“饮食的改变并不像原先设想的那样，真正影响了企鹅的数量”正确，故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．B 15．A

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者开发了一种新的AI系统，通过网上对产品的评论快速地筛选出不安全食品。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“And people tend to write reviews of products they buy online, which are like bread crumbs (包屑) to food-safety officials sniffing (嗅) out dangerous products.(人们倾向于对他们在网上购买的产品进行评论，这对食品安全官员来说就像面包屑一样，可以嗅出危险的产品)”和第三段第一句“The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products.(研究人员将2012年至2014年的FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些相同产品的评论联系起来)”可知，大量的网上关于产品的评论有助于FDA比以前更快地召回不安全食品。故选B项。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The researchers linked FDA food recalls from 2012 to 2014 to amazon reviews of those same products. They then trained machine-learning algorithms (算法) to distinguish between reviews for recalled items and reviews for items that had not been flagged.(研究人员将2012年至2014年FDA食品召回与亚马逊对这些产品的评论联系起来。然后，他们训练机器学习算法，以区分召回项目的评论和未标记项目的评论)”和“They also identified another 20, 000 reviews for possibly unsafe foods, most of which had never been recalled.(他们还发现了另外2万份可能不安全食品的评论，其中大部分从未被召回)”可知，作者是通过描述事实来介绍研究过程的。故选A项。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“She did add one warning even recalled products can still get five-star reviews. So stars alone don’t tell the whole sickening story. The proof unfortunately, may still be in the pudding.(她确实添加了一个警告，即使召回的产品仍然可以获得五星评论。因此，仅靠明星并不能说明整个令人作呕的故事。 不幸的是，证据可能还在布丁里)”可知，Elaine对五星评论持有怀疑的态度。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“It can take a few months before a recall is issued. But now researchers have come up with a method that might fast-track that process, leading to early detection and, ultimately, faster recalls. The AI system relies on the fact that people increasingly buy foods and spices online.(召回可能需要几个月的时间。但现在研究人员已经提出了一种方法，可以快速跟踪这一过程，从而早期发现并最终更快地召回。人工智能系统依赖于人们越来越多地在网上购买食品和香料的事实)”可知，此处讲述的是研究者的新发现，研究报告类的文章主题与研究的新发现相关，而A项中的“AI Sniffs out Unsafe Foods(人工智能嗅出不安全的食品)”与研究发现相关，符合题意。故选A项。
16．A 17．D 18．G 19．E 20．F

【分析】本文为说明文，介绍了几项抵制垃圾食品诱惑的技巧。
16．根据下一句“A new research says that exposing to the smell of junk food for at least two minutes can actually help you make healthier food choices."可知，暴露在垃圾食品中至少两分钟会帮助你选择健康食品，所以本句与等待时间有关，表达“但是在预定之前先等一下”。故A选项“但是在预定之前先等一下”切题。故选A。
17．根据前文连发的两个问句可知，垃圾食品在第一次被闻到时非常吸引人，那么在排队等了几分钟之后会发生什么呢?根据下一句可知，这恰恰是要离开的时刻，可知，本句在表达“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了。”故D选项“它已经不像几分钟之前那么不可抗拒了”切题。故选D。
18．根据本段开头提示，可知一系列的实验结果表明暴露在垃圾食品的气味中多于两分钟后会导致垃圾食品购买量的下降，在进行客观结果描述，所以排除易错选项F，同时，下一句在解释闻到气味就如同嘴巴吃到了一样满足。可知空处所在句要表达大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显。故G选项“大脑对味觉和嗅觉区分不明显”切题。故选选G。
19．从下一句“当检测健康食物的气味时，食物选择并没有受到很大的影响。”可以得知空格内容与健康食物的气味相关，并且表达转折的语义。故E选项“然而，健康食物的味道就不一样了。”切题。故选E。
20．根据前句“it might be as simple as sitting there and smelling all that sweetness for just a minute or two."（最简单的方法是坐在那里闻上一两分钟香甜的味道）与选项中“It’s the same as actually eating it because your desire to eat it is satisfied. (闻到味道与吃到它是一样可以满足愿望的。)承接自然，话题一致。故选F。

21．C 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．C

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了男孩格伦在意外中失去了行动能力，最终通过坚持和决心恢复了站立的能力的故事。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在一个寒冷的早晨，有人误将煤油桶装满了汽油，灾难发生了。A. deliberately故意地；B. secretly秘密地；C. mistakenly错误地；D. cautiously谨慎地。根据后文“filled the kerosene container with gasoline”可知，有人误将煤油桶装满了汽油，故选C。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个寒冷的早晨，有人误将煤油桶装满了汽油，灾难发生了。A. struck罢工；B. stuck卡住；C. beat打败；D. attracted吸引。上文提到有人误将煤油桶装满了汽油，所以引起了灾难，strike此处表示“触发，发生”符合语境。故选A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到Glenn在里面，他们吓坏了，冲了进去，设法把失去知觉的男孩从燃烧的大楼里拖了出来。A. Thrilled激动的；B. Terrified害怕的；C. Regretful后悔的；D. Puzzled困惑的。根据后文“on realizing that Glenn was inside”可知他们意识到Glenn在里面，很害怕。故选B。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到Glenn在里面，他们吓坏了，冲了进去，设法把失去知觉的男孩从燃烧的大楼里拖了出来。A. speechless说不出话的；B. unconscious昏迷的；C. blind盲目的；D. deaf聋的。结合上文动词drag表示“拖拽”可知，男孩当时失去了意识，无法自己行动。故选B。
25．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但男孩不想死。A. And并且；B. Or或者；C. But但是；D. So所以。结合前后语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故选C。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会活下来。A. survive幸存；B. resist抵抗；C. escape逃走；D. recover恢复。根据后文“he did survive”可知此处指男孩存活、幸存下来。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令医生惊讶的是，不知怎的，他竟然活了下来。A. happiness幸福；B. relief安慰；C. amazement惊讶；D. confusion困惑。上文“Her son would surely die”提到男孩会死，结果他竟然活了下来，令医生惊讶。故选C。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，格伦没有行动能力。A. desire渴望；B. talent才能；C. will意愿；D. ability能力。根据后文“Instead of sitting there”可知格伦虽然存活下来了，但是没有了行动能力。故选D。
29．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他没有坐在那里，而是从椅子上把自己拖了下来。A. into进入；B. from来自；C. over越过；D. upon在……上。根据上文“he threw himself”指格伦把自己从椅子拖上下来，故选B。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：格伦拖着双腿穿过草地。A. helped帮助；B. managed管理；C. pushed推；D. pulled拉。根据后文“himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him”可知格伦凭借自己的力量拖着双腿穿过草地。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他费了很大的劲才在篱笆上站起来。A. effort努力；B. encouragement鼓励；C. courage勇气；D. help帮助。根据后文“he raised himself up on the fence”可知没有行动能力的格伦，费了很大的劲才在篱笆上站起来。故选A。
32．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：他每天都这样做，直到在院子的篱笆旁铺上了一条平坦的小路。A. because因为；B. if如果；C. until直到；D. as正如。引导时间状语从句，表示“直到”应用until。故选C。
33．考查不定代词辨析。句意：他最希望的就是让他的腿重获生命。A. something某事；B. anything任何事；C. everything一切；D. nothing没有什么。根据后文“he wanted more than to develop life in those legs”可知格伦唯一的希望就是双腿恢复正常，故选D。
34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：格伦的坚持和决心得到了回报。A. paid for支付；B. paid off取得成功；C. paid back报答；D. paid up全部付清。根据后文“He did develop the ability first to stand up”可知格伦培养了站起来的能力，可见格伦的坚持和决心得到了回报。故选B。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最终获得了“堪萨斯飞行者”的绰号。A. award奖；B. reward回报；C. nickname绰号；D. record记录。"Kansas Flyer"是别人给格伦取得绰号。故选C。

36．deeply 37．beneficial 38．have shown 39．less 40．to feel 41．that 42．apology 43．or 44．accepting 45．from

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在生活中，我们要学会宽恕，因为研究表明原谅别人的人可以有更多的精力，更好的胃口和更好的睡眠。
36．考查副词。句意：当有人深深地伤害了你，你很难释放你的愤怒。修饰动词hurt用副词，表示“深深地”，是一种程度。故填deeply。
37．考查形容词。句意：但是宽恕是可能的，而且它会给你的身心健康带来意想不到的好处。句中形容词担当表语。故填beneficial。
38．考查时态。句意：到目前为止，研究表明，原谅别人的人可以有更多的精力，更好的胃口和更好的睡眠。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语so far可知，本句为现在完成时；主语为studies，复数，和动词show之间为主动关系。故填have shown。
39．考查形容词比较级。句意：懂得原谅的人会少一些愤怒，多一些希望。根据空后的“more hopefulness”可知，空处为形容词比较级，意为“更少的”。故填less。
40．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以它可以帮助减少免疫系统的疲劳，让人们感觉更有活力。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。故填to feel。
41．考查定语从句。句意：做几次深呼吸，想一些让你快乐的事情：大自然的美丽风景，或者你爱的人。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为不定代词something，在定语从句中担当主语，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
42．考查名词。句意：不要等着别人道歉，那样会让你心烦的。根据空前的冠词an可知，空处为名词单数。故填apology。
43．考查连词。句意：他们可能是想伤害你，或者他们只是和你看问题的方式不同。根据空前“may have wanted to hurt you”以及空后“they just don't see things in the same way”可知，两者之间为选择关系。故填or。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：次，请记住，宽恕并不一定意味着接受让你心烦意乱的人的行为。这里为非谓语动词担当mean的宾语：mean to do sth，意为“打算做某事”；mean doing sth，意为“意味着……”。根据句意，应用动名词担当宾语。故填accepting。
45．考查固定搭配。句意：最后，试着从别人的角度看问题。短语：from one’s point of view，意为“在某人看来”。故填from。
46．A
【详解】考查不定式。句意：当我13岁的时候，我唯一的目标就是成为我们足球队的明星。purpose后用不定式作表语，因此空格处是to become，故选A。
47．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我每天早上做的第一件事就是锻炼。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示“去做某事”应使用不定式作表语。take exercise意为“锻炼”。故选B。
48．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：GPNP占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为该国首批国家公园之一。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the GPNP 与cover之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故选A。
49．D
【详解】考查介词。句意：你背过身去不回答老师的问题，真是太粗鲁了。It’s rude of sb. to do sth.某人做某事很粗鲁。故选D。
50．D
【详解】考查不定式。句意：坐宇宙飞船飞到月球上一定很有趣。it is fun to do是固定短语，意为“做某事很有趣”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此空格处是to fly。故选D。
51．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这个节日，中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。结合句意，用不定式在句中作目的状语。D选择项为不定式的完成式，表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作，与句意不符。故选A。
52．C
【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他很久没见到老朋友了。根据句意可知，句子表示他在说这句话之前很久没见到老朋友了，said是过去式，空格处用过去完成时表示在一个过去的时间之前完成的动作，因此空格处是hadn’t seen。故选C。
53．B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我父亲告诉我光比声音传播得快得多。that引导的宾语从句中的内容是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语light是不可数名词，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故选B。
54．D
【详解】考查短语。句意：他对这次事故负有责任。be to blame for对……应负责任。故选D。
55．C
【详解】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：如果把一块冰带到一个温暖的房间里，很快就会变成水。根据句意可知，if引导的条件状语从句表示“如果一块冰被带到一个温暖的房间里”，句子遵循主将从现的原则，主句是一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时，冰是被带到房间里，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，a piece of ice是不可数名词，因此if从句是“if a piece of ice is taken into a warm room”，主句主语和从句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是taken。故选C。
56．recognition
【详解】考查名词。句意：实际上，病魔和岁月使他变得都认不出来了。beyond是介词，后面接名词作宾语；recognize是动词，名词形式为recognition；短语beyond recognition意思为“无法辨认”。故填recognition。
57．expansion
【详解】考查名词。句意：城市的扩张给自然环境带来了破坏。空格处用名词作主语，expand的名词是expansion，意为“扩张”，是不可数名词，故填expansion。
58．subjective
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每个人的意见都必然是主观的。空格处用形容词作表语，subject的形容词是subjective，意为“主观的”。故填subjective。
59．abusing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止有钱有势的人滥用权力，政府制定了相关法律。prevent sb. (from) doing固定短语，“阻止/防止某人做……”，动名词作介词宾语，故填abusing。
60．worn
【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：这个老年人筋疲力尽了，她不能再往前走了。根据句子分析可知，此处为形容词短语worn out“疲惫的”。故填worn。
61．Absorbed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他沉浸在游戏中，没有注意到那个人。分析句子成分可知，空be absorbed in为固定短语，本空位形容词absorbed作状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Absorbed。
62．starvation
【详解】考查名词。句意：令我们震惊的是，许多不发达地区的儿童死于饥饿。作介词of的宾语，应用名词starvation，不可数。故填starvation。
63．sustainable
【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，越来越多的国家认识到可持续发展对人类至关重要。此处应用形容词sustainable作定语，修饰名词development，故填sustainable。
64．ecology
【详解】考查名词。句意：很明显，咖啡的种植方式影响着生活的许多方面，从当地环境到全球生态。表示“生态”应用名词ecology作宾语，为不可数名词。故填ecology。
65．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：很多人骑车去上班，作为政府低碳生活号召的回应。根据句意可知，此处意为“对......的回应”，表达为in response to，故填to。
66．Dear friends,
As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse. How will the earth be if we don’t make every effort to change the situation? Protecting the environment is our responsibility and it’s high time we should set about doing something.
Here are some tips for us to develop some positive habits. Initially, we suggest everyone go to school on foot or by bike. Using public transportation can also be a practical alternative. Besides, we are against throwing waste everywhere. It’s rubbish bins that the waste should be put into. Above all, we are supposed to raise our environmental awareness. Small actions such as saving water can make a great difference to our earth.
My friends, what I say doesn’t count, it’s our attitude and what we do that matters. If not here, where? If not now, when? If not us, who? I’m fully convinced that our joint effort will pay off in the long run.
Thank you!
The Students’ Union
【导语】本文是应用文。要求考生代表学生会向全校学生发出倡议，要大家更好地保护环境。
【详解】1.词汇积累
不遗余力做某事：make every effort to do→spare no effort to do
状况：situation→condition
开始做某事：set about doing→set out to do
建议：tip→suggestion
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Here are some tips for us to develop some positive habits.
拓展句：Here are some tips that we can use to develop some positive habits.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As we can see, the environment around us is getting worse and worse.（由As引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】How will the earth be if we don’t make every effort to change the situation?（由if引导的条件状语从句）