2023届中考英语阅读理解专练（8）

这是一份2023届中考英语阅读理解专练（8），共12页。
2023届中考英语阅读理解专练（8）一、Reading books is a good habit and it can make you wiser and improve yourself. Here are four students recommending (推荐) some useful and interesting books.My name is Carl. I would like to recommend Ivy Bean Make the Rules. The book is about two best friends. In this book, you can find two funny and creative boys named Ivy and Bean. They decide to create their own camp. They think up all the activities and, of course, they make the rules. Have a try to read it. You'll love the characters! My name is Julie. I would like to recommend White Fur Flying. The book is about Pyrenees dogs(大白熊犬). In this book, Zoe and Alice's mother might just have the coolest job ever. She saves great Pyrenees dogs. If you are an animal lover, try it and I'm sure you will like it.My name is Peter. I would like to recommend Stick Dog. The book is about a cute dog. In this story, a dog lives in an empty pipe under Highway 16. He has four dog friends. One day, they decide to go on an adventure to steal the food from a human family. You'll be laughing out at all the funny scenes.My name is Ann. I would like to recommend Gingersnap. The book is about a brother and sister. In this story, their parents are killed in a car accident. Jayna is a small but brave girl. She and her elder brother Rob are each other's only family. Soon, Rob goes off to serve in the navy. Gingersnap is a historical story that will really change your opinion.1. The characters in Ivy Bean Make the Rules are ______.A. funny and creative  B. great and cool C. small but brave   D. cute and funny2. The kids who love animals will like to read ______.A. Ivy Bean Make the Rules  B. Stick Dog C. Gingersnap   D. White Fur Flying3. In the book Gingersnap, you can enjoy ______.A. a funny story about two best friends B. a sad story about great Pyrenees dogs C. a historical story about a brother and sister D. a humorous story about four dog friends二、On the final day of the summer camp, Ada and Lydia stood below The Bear Crawl, the camp's highest, hardest rope course. Lydia volunteered to go first. Hands before feet, Lydia began her crawl(爬) across the rope ladder."Go, Lydia, go! You're a champion. You've got this! "Ada cheered from below. When Lydia made it all the way across, Ada felt relieved for her friend but also nervous-it was her turn now.Ada reached her arms out to the first rung on the rope ladder. Her arms felt shaky as she felt the ladder sway(摇摆) a little under her weight. She carefully walked her hands forward to the next rung. About halfway across the Bear Crawl, Ada was starting to feel a little more confident. Ada reached out for the next rung, just as a strong wind made the rope ladder sway. Ada's hand did not hold the wood rung and fell down.Almost immediately, the harness(保护带) caught her. As Ada was lowered to the ground slowly, she could see all the other kids looking at her. Ada's face burned from embarrassment. When she finally reached the ground, she said in a low voice, "Can I try again? " , holding back tears.The coach looked at her watch. "I'm sorry, Ada. We don't have time."On the bus home, Ada rested her head against the window. Beside her, Lydia sat silent and thoughtful. "Hey, Ada?" Lydia said. "I couldn't have made it across the ladder without you. I got so terrified in the middle, but then you shouted my name and I kept going. ""You got scared? " Ada asked.Lydia nodded. "Super scared. I'm surprised I didn't throw up on everybody below. "Ada smiled a little. "You were just unlucky that such a big wind came up, "continued Lydia. Right that moment, she knew her friend was trying to cheer her up. Suddenly falling off the ladder did not seem so important anymore.4. When a big wind came up, Ada ______.A. fell off the rope ladder  B. felt embarrassed C. kept crawling confidently  D. cried out for help5. How did Lydia cheer Ada up? A. By listening to Ada carefully. B. By sharing her own feelings.C. By encouraging Ada to try again. D. By showing Ada how to climb.6. Ada finally realized she didn't need to care too much about ______.A. effort  B. friendship  C. courage  D. success三、When the Great Library of Alexandria was burned, the story goes, and one book was saved. But it was not a valuable book, and a poor man got it.The book wasn't very interesting, but between its pages there was something very interesting indeed. It was a thin strip of vellum(羊皮纸) on which was written the secret of the "Touchstone". The touchstone was a small pebble(鹅卵石) that could turn any common metal into pure gold.The writing explained that it was lying among thousands and thousands of other pebbles that looked exactly like it. But the secret was this: The real stone would feel warm, while ordinary pebbles are cold.So the man sold his house, bought a tent, camped on the seashore, and began testing pebbles. He knew that if he picked up normal pebbles and threw them down again because they were cold, he might pick up the same pebbles hundreds of times. So, when he felt one that was cold, he threw it into the sea. He spent a whole day doing this but none of them was the touchstone. Yet, he went on and on this way. Pick up a pebble. Cold—throw it into sea. Pick up another. Throw it into the sea. The days stretched into months and the months into years.One day, however, about midafternoon, he picked up a pebble and it was warm. He threw it into the sea before he realized what he had done. He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up. So when the one he wanted came along, he still threw it away.So it is with opportunity(机会).Unless we are vigilant, it's easy to fail to realize an opportunity when it is in hand and it's just as easy to throw it away.7. According to the passage, the touchstone is a stone _____.A. that you can touchB. that can turn common metal into pure goldC. that can bring you thousands of pebblesD. that can bring you good luck8. The man threw the touchstone into the sea because _____.A. it was coldB. it was a normal pebbleC. he was too tired to hold itD. he had formed a habit9. How did the man probably feel when he realized it was the touchstone?A. Excited. B. Moved. C. Interested. D. Regretted.10. What's the meaning of the underlined word "vigilant" in the last paragraph?A. Brave enough.  B. Hard-working enough.C. Careful enough.  D. Strong enough.11. What does the writer want to tell us?A. Opportunity knocks but once.B. Use it or lose it.C. Where there is a will, there is a way.D. Practice makes perfect.四、Everything is made of something. Nothing is made of nothing.Chemistry is about the smallest things that other bigger things are made of, and what happens when they change. The word chemistry comes from chemical, which is an example of one type of the very small things that other bigger things are made of. The words you are reading now are made of a dark liquid called ink(墨水), which is written on paper. The paper itself is made out of the chemicals that wood is made out of. Both the ink and the paper were made by different chemical processes. A chemical process is what happens when chemicals come together to make other chemicals, and therefore other things.Cooking makes chemical changes. Your different ingredients(烹调用的原料) are made of different chemicals, and when you put them together and make them hot and cook them, the chemicals change into new chemicals and the different ingredients make something new. That tomato sauce you're making is made of tomatoes, onions, garlic, salt and pepper. Those ingredients each have their own chemicals and their own flavors, but now with your sauce you've made something different, something that has its own flavor, all the ingredients mixed together, all the chemicals mixed together, something new.You can smell the chemical changes, too, as they go up into your nose, especially when you forget about your sauce and it doesn't just cook but burns and becomes black and has a really bad flavor. You can't make it better, either, because once chemicals change, they can't be changed back again.12. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Chemistry.  B. Chemical.C. The smallest things. D. The bigger things.13. What is a chemical process? A. Ink is written on paper.B. Paper is made out of wood.C. Everything is made of something.D. Things mixed together produce something new.14. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. How to make tomato sauce. B. What to use to form new things.C. Ingredients and their own flavors. D. Chemical changes in cooking food.15. Which might be the best title for the text? A. What Chemistry is Like B. Chemistry Changes Everything C. Where the Word Chemistry Comes From D. A Chemical Process is Called Chemistry16.We can probably read this text in a（n）_____.A. science magazine   B. newspaperC. advertisement   D. chemical story五、Asked about the food that sell best in the whole world, do you often hear about Coca-Cola and McDonald's Big Macs from America? But think again, because the most successful worldwide food is instant noodles(方便面). A new book called Noodle Stories that was written 55 years after the birth of the instant noodles in Japan, mentioned that there were more than 100 billion cups of instant noodles worldwide in 2012—that's about 14 cups for every person on the Earth. As for noodles themselves, they were invented more than 2 000 years ago to become a worldwide staple.________ The oldest historical mention of noodles appeared in the third century AD in China. The earliest Chinese noodles were little pieces of dough(面团) thrown into boiling water. This kind of noodles, called mianpian, are still eaten in China today. Another early mention of noodles appeared in the fifth century AD in Jerusalem.Momofuku Ando invented instant noodles in Japan in 1958. Few people know that instant noodles play an important role in hunger and disaster relief(赈灾). It's well-known that they are regarded as junk food, but they are a real "hunger killer". According to an online news report, the fat in instant noodles that is mixed with the delicious soup keeps one feeling full for longer. And that helps explain why "ramen", as they are called in Japanese, have become a staple on the world's food aid lists.17. Among the worldwide food, the bestseller is ______.A. soup  B. big Macs  C. instant noodles  D. mianpian18. According to the passage, noodles have a history of more than ______ years.A.55 B.100 C.1958 D.200019. Which of the following can be put in "______" in the third paragraph? A. What do people eat except noodles? B. Where were the earliest noodles from? C. How did people cook noodles in Japan? D. Why are noodles a kind of staple today? 20. From the passage, we can know that instant noodles were invented in ______.A. Japan  B. China  C. America  D. Jerusalem21. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Every person eats at least 14 cups of instant noodles every year.B.As a healthy staple, instant noodles are popular around the world.C. Ramen was another name of mianpian in Japanese 2000 years ago.D. People in disaster areas may get instant noodles from food aid groups.六、When I was in Grade 8, I had a heated argument(年少) with my classmate, Tony. I have forgotten(已经忘记) what the argument was about, but I have never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.I believed that I was right and he was wrong, and Tony believed that I was wrong and he was right. Our teacher, a kind and smart lady, decided to teach us a lesson. She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other. In the middle of her desk was a large and round object. I could clearly see that it was black. The teacher asked us what color the object was. "White," Tony answered. I couldn't believe he said the object was white! "Clearly, it was black!" Another argument started between Tony and me, this time about the color of the object.The teacher told me to go and stand where Tony was standing and told him to go and stand where I was standing. We changed places, and now she asked me what color the object was. I had to answer, "White." It was an object with two differently colored sides-from his side it was white, while from my side it was black. "Boys, now, what do you say?" The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since.My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day: When you disagree with others, you'd better be in their shoes. That will help you look at the situation through their eyes, and truly understand their ideas and ways of thinking.22. What did the teacher do at first?A. She shouted at the boys.B. She called the boys’ parents.C. She brought the boys to her desk.23. How did the writer feel when Tony answered "white" in Paragraph 2?A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Afraid.24. Why did the writer give two different answers?A. Because he was unfriendly to Tony.B. Because he changed his place with Tony.C. Because he wanted to have another argument25. What would the writer probably do after this lesson?A. He would forget the arguments.B. He might shake hands with Tony.C. He would sit in the front of the class.26. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Great Minds Think the SameB. Many Hands Make Light WorkC. Look at Things in Another Way
答案以及解析一、1. 答案：解析：细节理解题。根据表格第一栏中的"you can find two funny and creative boys"可知，Ivy Bean Make the Rules这本书中的角色有趣且有创造力。故选A。2. 答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据表格第二栏"If you are an animal lover, try it and I'm sure you will like it. "可知，喜爱动物的孩子会喜欢读White Fur Flying 这本书。故选D。3. 答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据表格第四栏"The book is about a brother and sister. "和最后一句"Gingersnap is a historical story that will really change your opinion. "可知，在Gingersnap 这本书中，你可以欣赏关于一对兄妹的历史故事。故选C。二、4. 答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Ada reached out for the next rung, just as a strong wind made the rope ladder sway. Ada's hand did not hold the wood rung and fell down."可知，一阵大风刮过的时候，Ada 从绳梯上掉下来了。故选A。5. 答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后三段内容尤其是第六段" 'Hey, Ada?' Lydia said.'I couldn't have made it across the ladder without you. I got so terrified in the middle, but then you shouted my name and I kept going. ' "和最后一段"Right that moment, she knew her friend was trying to cheer her up."可知，Lydia表示如果没有Ada，自己就不会成功爬上绳梯，Lydia 还和Ada 说了自己在爬绳梯时的感受。由此可推知，Lydia是通过分享自己的感受来安慰Ada的。故选B。6. 答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段"Right that moment, she knew her friend was trying to cheer her up. Suddenly falling off the ladder did not seem so important anymore. "可知，那一刻，Ada知道Lydia在努力安慰自己。突然，从梯子上掉下来这件事似乎不再那么重要了。结合全文内容可推知，Ada最后意识到自己不必太在意成功。故选D。三、7. 答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"The touchstone was a small pebble that could turn any common metal into pure gold."可知，试金石是一块可以把普通金属变成纯金的鹅卵石。故选B。8. 答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的"He was used to throwing each pebble into the sea as soon as he picked it up."可知，那人把试金石扔进海里是因为他养成了一种习惯。故选D。9. 答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第五段可知，当他意识到它是试金石时会感到遗憾。故选D。10. 答案：C解析：词义猜测题。根据下文"it's easy to fail to realize an opportunity when it is in hand and it's just as easy to throw it away"可知，除非我们足够细心, 否则当机会掌握在手中时, 我们很容易无法意识到它, 也很容易把它扔掉。故选C。11. 答案：A解析：主旨大意题。文章最后一段告诉我们机会只有一次。故选A。四、12. 答案：C解析：指代判断题。根据第二段"Chemistry is about the smallest things that other bigger things are made of, and what happens when they change. "可知，化学是关于组成其他较大的东西的最小的东西，以及当它们改变时会发生什么(的科学)。由此可推知，画线词指代的是"the smallest things"。故选C。13. 答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"The paper itself is made out of the chemicals that wood is made out of. Both the ink and the paper were made by different chemical processes. "可知，本头被制造成纸是化学过程。故选B。14. 答案：D解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容"Cooking makes chemical changes. "和第二句中的"when you put them together and make them hot and cook them, the chemicals change into new chemicals"可知，本段主要介绍了烹饪中的化学变化。故选D。15. 答案：D解析：标题概括题。通读全文尤其是第二段"Chemistry...of"和最后一句"A chemical...things. "可知，文章主要介绍了化学和化学过程的定义及例子。因此，D项是本文的最佳标题。故选D。五、16. 答案：D解析：文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章中多次出现关键词"chemistry"和"chemical"。由此可推知，我们可能在化学新闻报道中看到这篇文章。故选D。17. 答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的"because the most successful worldwide food is instant noodles(方便面)"可知，世界上最畅销的食物是方便面。故选C。18. 答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"As for noodles themselves, they were invented more than 2000 years ago"可知，面条有2000多年的历史。故选D。19. 答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的"The oldest historical mention of noodles"、"The earliest Chinese noodles"和"Another early mention of noodles"可知，第三段主要介绍了面条的起源。由此可推知，B项"面条最早来自哪里？"统领全段，适合放在空格处。故选B。20. 答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段"Momofuku Ando invented instant noodles in Japan in 1958. "可知，方便面是在日本发明的。故选A。21. 答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容"have become a staple on the world's food aid lists"可知，受灾地区的人们可能会从食物救助组织那里收到方便面。故选D。六、22. 答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据“She brought us to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other”可知，老师先把这两位男孩带到桌子前。故选D。23. 答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据“'White,' Tony answered. I couldn't believe he said the object was white! 'Clearly, it was black!'”可知，作者看到的是黑色，而Tony回答是白色，所以 Tony 的回答让作者感到惊讶。故选A。24. 答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据"It was an object with two differently colored sides—from his side it was white, while from my side it was black"可知，因为作者再次站在不同的方向时，看到这个物体是另一个颜色，所以给出了两个不同的答案。故选B。25. 答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据"The teacher smiled at us. Tony has been my best friend ever since"可知，自从那以后作者和Tony成为了好朋友。由此可推断经过这个事情他们会握手言和。故选B。26. 答案：C解析：最佳标题题。根据"When you disagree with others, you'd better be in their shoes"可知，本文通过作者的经历告诉我们要站在别人的角度考虑问题。所以C选项"学会从另一个角度看问题"符合本文标题。故选C。